• Single-molecule kinetics reveal microscopic mechanism by which High-Mobility Group B proteins alter DNA flexibility. (shengsci.com)
  • Eukaryotic High-Mobility Group B (HMGB) proteins alter DNA elasticity while facilitating transcription, replication and DNA repair. (shengsci.com)
  • A method for determining the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins which bind to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • The tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) is a degenerate 34 amino acid sequence identified in a wide variety of proteins, present in tandem arrays of 3-16 motifs, which form scaffolds to mediate protein-protein interactions and often the assembly of multiprotein complexes. (embl.de)
  • A unique feature of mitochondria is that they possess their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which codes for subunits of the electron transport chain that eventually leads to the synthesis of the ATP molecule. (csic.es)
  • Structural basis of mitochondrial DNA transcription and compaction. (csic.es)
  • Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • The size of satellite DNA arrays varies greatly between individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The RU was arranged in long tandem arrays with approximately 16,000 copies per genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA methylation and chromatin DNaseI sensitivity were analyzed in and adjacent to D4Z4 repeat arrays, which consist of 1 to approximately 100 tandem 3.3-kb units at subtelomeric 4q and 10q. (shengsci.com)
  • Two apparently homologous TFAM binding sites, DNA Site-X and Site-Y, similar to and downstream from LSP, unexpectedly show distinct DNA-structure features and TFAM binds to them in opposite directions, imposing again a U-turn (Cuppari el al. (csic.es)
  • Our biochemical analyses showed that TFAM binds to DNA structures, such as G-quadruplexes (Lyonnais et al. (csic.es)
  • DNA cleavage is inhibited where the ligand binds to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • A cytotoxic polypeptide quinoxaline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces echinatus that binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis. (lookformedical.com)
  • Satellite DNA adopts higher-order three-dimensional structures in a naturally occurring complex satellite DNA from the land crab Gecarcinus lateralis, whose genome contains 3% of a GC-rich satellite band consisting of a ~2100 base pair (bp) "repeat unit" sequence motif called RU. (wikipedia.org)
  • Programmed genome rearrangements in Oxytricha produce transcriptionally active extrachromosomal circular DNA. (shengsci.com)
  • Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is both a driver of eukaryotic genome instability and a product of programmed genome rearrangements, but its extent had not been surveyed in Oxytricha, a ciliate with elaborate DNA elimination and translocation during development. (shengsci.com)
  • DNA footprinting utilizes a DNA damaging agent (either a chemical reagent or a nuclease) which cleaves DNA at every base pair. (lookformedical.com)
  • citation needed] Microsatellites are thought to have originated by polymerase slippage during DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. (lookformedical.com)
  • The TPR motif consists of 3-16 tandem-repeats of 34 amino acids residues, although individual TPR motifs can be dispersed in the protein sequence. (embl.de)
  • Adjacent TPR motifs are packed together in a parallel arrangement such that a tandem TPR motif structure is composed of a regular series of antiparallel alpha-helices. (embl.de)
  • DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). (lookformedical.com)
  • Epigenetics of a tandem DNA repeat: chromatin DNaseI sensitivity and opposite methylation changes in cancers. (shengsci.com)
  • Scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs) are DNA elements that serve to compartmentalize the chromatin into structural and functional domains. (researchgate.net)
  • Sequences with a greater ratio of A+T display a lower density while those with a greater ratio of G+C display a higher density than the bulk of genomic DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some repetitive sequences are ~50% G+C/A+T and thus have buoyant densities the same as bulk genomic DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Several RU sequences were cloned and sequenced to reveal conserved regions of conventional DNA sequences over stretches greater than 550 bp, interspersed with five "divergent domains" within each copy of RU. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most prevalent repeated sequences in the embedded microsatellite regions were CT:AG, CCT:AGG, CCCT:AGGG, and CGCAC:GTGCG These repeating sequences were shown to adopt altered structures including triple-stranded DNA, Z-DNA, stem-loop, and other conformations under superhelical stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • We describe an improved model of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts, in which a circular plasmid immobilized on paramagnetic beads is used as a template. (shengsci.com)
  • DNA synthesis occurred on either circular or linear plasmids coupled to the beads, but only DNA synthesis on the circular plasmid was inhibited by geminin and a. (shengsci.com)
  • Their binding to DNA inhibits synthesis of nucleic acids. (lookformedical.com)
  • Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. (lookformedical.com)
  • The major satellite DNA families in humans are called: A repeated pattern can be between 1 base pair long (a mononucleotide repeat) to several thousand base pairs long, and the total size of a satellite DNA block can be several megabases without interruption. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2017). This protein also bears two HMG-boxes but the mechanism of binding is from one side of the DNA, as a staple. (csic.es)
  • The miniF plasmid C protein: sequence, purification and DNA binding. (shengsci.com)
  • The C protein has been purified from cells carrying the Ptrp-C plasmid, and a preliminary study of C protein-DNA binding properties has been carried out. (shengsci.com)
  • For example, minisatellite DNA is a short region (1-5kb) of repeating elements with length >9 nucleotides. (wikipedia.org)
  • The difference in how many of the repeats is present in the region (length of the region) is the basis for DNA profiling. (wikipedia.org)
  • We developed a new single-molecule method to probe non-specific DNA interactions for two HMGB homologs: the human HMGB2 box A domain and yeast Nhp6Ap, along with chimeric mutants replacin. (shengsci.com)
  • The name "satellite DNA" refers to the phenomenon that repetitions of a short DNA sequence tend to produce a different frequency of the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, and thus have a different density from bulk DNA such that they form a second or "satellite" band(s) when genomic DNA is separated along a cesium chloride density gradient using buoyant density centrifugation. (wikipedia.org)
  • These satellites are called "cryptic" satellites because they form a band hidden within the main band of genomic DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2019). In these studies we showed that TFAM/DNA complexes multimerize at higher concentrations. (csic.es)