Synthesis cells cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

In recent years, interest in the possible molecular regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of regeneration models has grown significantly, but the cell kinetics of this process remain largely a mystery. (mdpi.com)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
Even though its sequence along with its expressional pattern in cancer cell lines are evident, the functional aspects concerning cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and cell cycle regulation of NDRG1 remains vague. (scirp.org)
These results revealed that NDRG1 is functional in prostate cancer cells and able to induce expression of differentiation factors through p53 independent pathway. (scirp.org)
T. Napso, N. Azzam, A. Lerner and F. Fares, " N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 Increases Differentiation Factors Level in Human Prostate Cancer Cells without Affecting Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Profiles," Journal of Cancer Therapy , Vol. 4 No. 2, 2013, pp. 568-574. (scirp.org)
A Novel Gene Which Is Up-Regulated during Colon Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Down-Regulated in Colorectal Neoplasms," Laboratory Investigation: A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Vol. 77, No. 1, 1997, pp. 85-92. (scirp.org)
Ghasemi-Mobarakeh L, Prabhakaran MP, Tian L, Shamirzaei-Jeshvaghani E, Dehghani L, Ramakrishna S. Structural properties of scaffolds: Crucial parameters towards stem cells differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
Promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. (joplink.net)
Cells must tightly control protein synthesis to maintain homeostasis and regulate proliferation, growth, differentiation, and development. (cshlpress.com)
Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)

Furthermore, Gln serves as a precursor for the synthesis of arginine, which is indispensable for the optimal growth of neonatal piglets 14 and plays important roles in essential metabolic pathways 15 . (nature.com)
After that, manifold proteins and their related molecules were demonstrated to participate in novel signaling pathways related to various cytokines in different types of cells. (novapublishers.com)
Two principal pathways have been implicated in the final steps of estrogen synthesis: the steroid sulfatase (STS) and aromatase pathways. (scirp.org)
NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)
In the living organism, endothelial cells are exposed to a plethora of hemodynamic forces that activate multiple signaling pathways. (news-medical.net)
These results suggest that visfatin promote CFs proliferation and collagen synthesis via p38MAPK, PI3K, and ERK 1/2 pathways rather than JNK pathways, which also indicate that visfatin might play a role in myocardial fibrosis. (thieme-connect.com)
An imbalance between the rate of ECM synthesis and its breakdown leads to increased ECM deposition in aqueous outflow pathways. (molvis.org)
However, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence that metformin exerts its anticancer effects through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cell mitochondria, and metabolic pathways based on metformin targeting have only recently become the focus of intensive research. (spandidos-publications.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
This lactone ring is a Michael acceptor that is known to affect biological processes such as cell proliferation, death/apoptosis, and cell migration, by interfering with nucleophilic sites in cell signalling pathways. (lu.se)
At high concentrations, NSAIDs have anticarcinogenic properties operating through cyclooxygenase-2-dependent and -independent pathways to inhibit cellular proliferation, inhibit angiogenesis, and induce apoptosis. (medscape.com)

It involves interactions between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) deposits, endothelial cells, leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes and smooth muscle cells, all of which are involved in promoting cellular migration and proliferation to drive the formation of foam cell clusters abundant in atherosclerotic plaque [ 4 ]. (springer.com)
K. Kokame, H. Kato and T. Miyata, "Homocysteine-Respondent Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Identified by Differential Display Analysis. (scirp.org)
Endothelial cells need to undertake four crucial steps in order to form new blood vessels. (news-medical.net)
A majority of endothelial cell assays utilize human umbilical vein endothelial cells or bovine aortic endothelial cells - not because these types of cells are good representatives of vascular conditions in vivo , but primarily because they are relatively easy to harvest from large blood vessels. (news-medical.net)
It must be emphasized that there are differences among endothelial cells from large and small blood vessels, as well as from different organs. (news-medical.net)
Furthermore, endothelial cells that are used in laboratory conditions are basically always in a proliferative state rather than the normal quiescent state of the established vasculature. (news-medical.net)
Another issue is the environmental conditions in which endothelial cells are cultured. (news-medical.net)
On the other hand, endothelial cells in the laboratory are usually cultured in room air, which is hyperoxic compared with the in vivo oxygen tensions (especially in the microcirculation). (news-medical.net)
Furthermore, in vivo interaction between endothelial cells and other cells types (such as fibroblasts, pericytes and macrophages) is cumbersome to translate and simulate in vitro . (news-medical.net)
In some types of angiogenesis, endothelial cells degrade the basement membrane and migrate along chemical gradients previously established by proangiogenic growth factors. (news-medical.net)
One of the highly specific tests for angiogenesis is assessing the propensity of endothelial cells to form 3D structures (also known as tube formation). (news-medical.net)
At the moment, the most popular tube formation assays involve plating human umbilical vein endothelial cells or bovine aortic endothelial cells with Matrigel. (news-medical.net)
Major connective tissue mitoattractant secreted by vascular endothelial cells. (joplink.net)
Visfatin Stimulates Production of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 and Interleukin-6 in Human Vein Umbilical Endothelial Cells. (thieme-connect.com)
Neuronal loss was unchanged by A2 deletion in myeloid or endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

The present study investigated the effects of GSK2606414 on proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
GSK2606414 treatment inhibited RPE cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, however it did not induce apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Disruption of PERK activity has been demonstrated to reduce hydroquinone-induced apoptosis and hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human RPE cells in vitro ( 5 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The absence of TGFbeta2 did not compromise cell proliferation, nor enhance apoptosis. (nih.gov)
3, 6-10) In addition, IGF-1 prevents cell death (apoptosis) in many cell types, which may be important in promoting the anagen growth phase and delaying the catagen (apoptosis-driven) phase. (antiaging-systems.com)

The hepatic microbody proliferation in both male and female rats and wild type Cs a strain mice treated with nafenopin was of the same magnitude and was associated with a two-fold increase in catalase activity and in the concentration of catalase protein. (rupress.org)
Feeding with amino acids can stimulate protein synthesis in all tissues, especially in skeletal muscle as reviewed by Davis et al. (nature.com)
These include: folic acid analogues, such as methotrexate purine analogues, such as azathioprine and mercaptopurine pyrimidine analogues, such as fluorouracil protein synthesis inhibitors. (wikipedia.org)
Ifosfamide forms DNA interstrand and intrastrand bonds that interfere with protein synthesis. (medscape.com)
Monoclonal antibodies that bind the programmed cell death-1 protein (PD-1) ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, to the PD-1 receptor found on T cells, inhibits T cell proliferation and cytokine production. (medscape.com)
Preferential activation of microsomal diacylglycerol/protein kinase C signaling during glucose treatment (De Novo phospholipid synthesis) of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
Glucose has been reported to increase the de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) and translocate and activate protein kinase C (PKC) in rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
Intercalates between guanine and cytosine base pairs, inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. (medscape.com)
These genetic changes increase the amount or activity of the AKT3 protein, which enhances chemical signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and causes excessive cell growth and division, particularly in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
The resulting reduction in AKT3 protein activity likely decreases signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and restricts cell growth and division in the developing brain. (medlineplus.gov)
The proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and excessive extracellular matrix protein accumulation are the basic pathological processes of myocardial fibrosis. (thieme-connect.com)
Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers our current understanding of all aspects of protein synthesis and its control. (cshlpress.com)
The contributors describe the fundamental steps in protein synthesis (initiation, elongation, and termination), the factors involved, and high-resolution structures of translational machinery where this takes place. (cshlpress.com)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
This inhibits the formation of thymidylate and purines and arrests DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. (medscape.com)
Pemetrexed disrupts the folate-dependant metabolic processes important for cell replication, inhibits the enzymes involved in folate metabolism and DNA synthesis, and inhibits protein synthesis. (medscape.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

Several mechanisms of action have been proposed, including inhibition of thymidylate synthase and inhibition of RNA synthesis. (medscape.com)
These results suggest that RSV prevents diabetes-induced renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation possibly through Akt/NF- κ B pathway inhibition. (hindawi.com)
demonstrated that RSV prevented high glucose-induced kidney mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through inhibition of high glucose-induced JNK and NF- B activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and reactive oxygen species production [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Given the high frequency of DDX5 amplification in breast cancer, our results highlight DDX5 as a promising candidate for targeted therapy of breast tumors with DDX5 amplification, and indeed we show that DDX5 inhibition sensitizes a subset of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab. (aacrjournals.org)
Reconstitution of arginine in bone marrow cells in vitro prevented immune-inhibition by linsitinib. (bvsalud.org)
Overexpression of A2 in R28 cells increased Drp1 expression, and decreased mitochondrial respiration, whereas ABH-induced inhibition of A2 decreased Drp1 expression and improved mitochondrial respiration. (bvsalud.org)

This signaling influences many critical cell functions, including the creation (synthesis) of new proteins, cell growth and division (proliferation), and the survival of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
The synthesis of proteins by ribosomes is a fundamental cellular process. (cshlpress.com)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Afterwards, recombinant filamentous bacteriophages which display a short binding motif with a cell adhesive peptide (RGD) on p3 and p8 proteins were immobilized on these 1D Al 2 O 3 nanostructures by a simple dip-coating process to study the cellular response of human endothelial EA hy.926. (bsz-bw.de)

These results demonstrate that ChoK plays an essential role in both normal human mammary epithelial cell proliferation and breast tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)
We find that the DDX5 locus is frequently amplified in breast cancer and that breast cancer-derived cells with amplification of DDX5 are much more sensitive to its depletion than breast cancer cells and a breast epithelial cell line that lacks DDX5 amplification. (aacrjournals.org)

Considering that intratumoral estrogen metabolism plays an important role, our co-culture systems provide an environment similar to that of the tumor in living patients in terms of metabolism and synthesis of intratumoral estrogens. (scirp.org)
Therapeutic approaches that target the metabolism of tumor cells have been a popular research topic in recent years. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in tumor cells has also been implicated in lung cancer metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
Given the vast differences in metabolism between healthy and tumor cells, there is hope that selective targeting of tumor metabolism may be achieved while limiting toxicity to healthy tissue. (spandidos-publications.com)
The most striking and characteristic metabolic alteration in cancer cells is anomalous glucose metabolism and cancer cells tend to utilize glycolysis to obtain energy even under aerobic conditions via a process called 'aerobic glycolysis' ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The triplets cooperatively invaded and unraveled even highly stable RNA secondary structures, and support non-canonical primer-free and bidirectional modes of RNA synthesis and replication. (elifesciences.org)
We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)
Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)
In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)

This decrease in cytokine production reduces T cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
We hypothesized that, in CBD, failure of IL-10 to modulate the beryllium-specific, cell-mediated immune response would result in persistent, maximal cytokine production and T lymphocyte proliferation, thus contributing to the development of granulomatous lung disease. (cdc.gov)
Our data demonstrate that beryllium-stimulated bronchoalveolar lavage cells produce IL-10, and the neutralization of endogenous IL-10 does not increase significantly cytokine production, HLA expression, or T lymphocyte pro- liferation. (cdc.gov)
exogenous rhIL-10 has a limited effect on cytokine production and no effect on T lymphocyte proliferation or HLA expression. (cdc.gov)

Cytotoxicity, proliferation, cellular oxidative stress, NF-kappaB-based induction of inflammation, and inflammasome activation were assessed in differentiated human monocytes (THP-1) at a concentration range of 0-100 microg/mL. (cdc.gov)
Oxidative stress measured by 4-hydroxynonenal expression, NF-kappaB by NF-kappaB-SEAP-expressing THP-1 cells, inflammasome activation by cellular caspase-1 and supernatants for IL1beta and IL18 showed a dose-dependent increase with increasing BNNT purity. (cdc.gov)

Rat mesangial cell and streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mouse model were used. (hindawi.com)
In vitro , RSV attenuated high glucose-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) expression and mesangial cell proliferation, as well as Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) activation. (hindawi.com)
Accumulated data suggest that the predicted evolution of diabetic glomerulopathy is comprised of an early, transient mesangial cell proliferation and subsequent hypertrophy of these cells that herald the slow progression into glomerulosclerosis [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, therefore, we aimed to determine whether RSV treatment attenuated renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation under diabetic condition both in vivo and in vitro . (hindawi.com)

After subsequent studies, regucalcin has been established to play a pivotal role in maintaining cell homeostasis and protecting it from disorders in various types of cells and tissues. (novapublishers.com)
Increased serine synthesis provides an advantage for tumors arising in tissues where serine levels are limiting. (nature.com)
Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)

Mediates heparin- and divalent cation-dependent cell adhesion in many cell types including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells. (joplink.net)

It inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and therefore potently decreases T cell and B cell proliferation. (adooq.com)

Those are degradation of adjacent matrix, migration toward the angiogenic stimuli, proliferation to create additional cells for the new blood vessels, as well as reorganization to form 3D vessel structures. (news-medical.net)
The transwell migration assay (a modification of the classical Boyden chamber assay) is frequently utilized to assess endothelial cell migration, which is one of the main in vitro assays in the repertoire of Thermo Fisher Scientific. (news-medical.net)
24- or 96-multiwell BD FluoroBlok insert (with 3 μm pore size) coated with human fibronectin was developed by a company BD Biosciences, and also serves as a cell migration assay. (news-medical.net)
Other in vitro angiogenesis assays that cover all angiogenic functions ( i.e. proliferation, migration, tube formation) include mouse metatarsal assay, embryoid assay and others. (news-medical.net)

Moreover, ESWT increases the expression of growth factors, such as transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), as well as the synthesis of collagen I fibers. (frontiersin.org)
Visfatin is a novel adipokine involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines, however, the effects of visfatin on proliferation and collagen synthesis of CFs are unclear. (thieme-connect.com)
The aim of this study was to determine whether visfatin has any effect on the proliferation and collagen synthesis in rat CFs. (thieme-connect.com)
Incorporation of [ 3 H]-thymidine and [ 3 H]-proline were used for evaluating DNA and collagen synthesis. (thieme-connect.com)
We demonstrated that visfatin significantly increased DNA and collagen synthesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (thieme-connect.com)

Herein we present clear evidence that not only do both patient MM cells and human MM cell lines (HMCLs) release MVs, but that these MVs stimulate MM cell growth. (oncotarget.com)
Lastly, MVs obtained from CD147 downregulated HMCLs were attenuated in their ability to stimulate HMCL proliferation. (oncotarget.com)

Estrogen receptor and steroid sulfatase mRNA levels in cancer cells were significantly higher in the co-cultures compared with the monocultures of endometrial cancer cells. (scirp.org)
Estradiol and androstenediol concentrations were also significantly higher in the co-cultured cells. (scirp.org)
Proliferation of the cancer cells was significantly increased through the steroid sulfatase pathway, which metabolizes androgens, estrone sulfate, and estradiol sulfate as its substrates. (scirp.org)
However, its proliferation was significantly decreased by the treatment of steroid sulfatase or aromatase inhibitors. (scirp.org)
mitotically active cells of intact segments do not significantly contribute to the blastemal cellular sources. (mdpi.com)
Additionally, immunohistochemistry results indicated that RSV treatment reduced the density of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells significantly in glomeruli of diabetic mice. (hindawi.com)
The proliferation of DM-SMCs was significantly greater than SMCs from nondiabetic patients (nonDM-SMC). (diabetesjournals.org)
Finally, A2 overexpression or excitotoxic treatment with glutamate significantly impaired mitochondrial function in R28 cells as shown by significant reductions in basal respiration, maximal respiration, and ATP production. (bvsalud.org)

A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. (mcw.edu)

Cytostatics inhibit cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Alkylating chemotherapy agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Antimetabolite antineoplastic agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
These agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)

In summary, this study demonstrates the significance of MV shedding and MV-mediated intercellular communication on malignant plasma cell proliferation, and identifies the role of MV-enriched CD147 in this process. (oncotarget.com)
The observation of this intercellular communication and that MM cells modify the microenvironment is highly suggestive that one of the first biologically relevant changes necessary for progression of MGUS or SMM to MM is for a member(s) of the clone to evolve and acquire the molecular changes needed to reprogram its immediate microenvironment into a supportive, growth-promoting microenvironment. (oncotarget.com)

The present study was to investigate the protection of resveratrol (RSV) in diabetes associated with kidney inflammation and cell proliferation. (hindawi.com)

By preventing the clonal expansion of lymphocytes in the induction phase of the immune response, it affects both the cell and the humoral immunity. (wikipedia.org)

NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2, a rate-limiting enzyme induced by endogenous (growth factors or cytokines) and exogenous (tobacco carcinogens) stimuli, and are involved in prostaglandin synthesis and the inflammatory response. (medscape.com)

This book will provide information regarding regucalcin that plays a pivotal role in cell homeostasis and disorder. (novapublishers.com)
At the cellular level, aging is marked by depletion of adult stem cell reservoirs, the inability to maintain baseline homeostasis, a reduced response to stress, an increased accumulation of damaged DNA leading to telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 1,2 ]. (karger.com)
Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)

We report RNA-catalysed RNA synthesis on structured templates when using trinucleotide triphosphates (triplets) as substrates, catalysed by a general and accurate triplet polymerase ribozyme that emerged from in vitro evolution as a mutualistic RNA heterodimer. (elifesciences.org)

This further decreases the proliferation of T cells. (wikipedia.org)

Perivascular adipose tissue-derived visfatin is a vascular smooth muscle cell growth factor: role of nicotinamide mononucleotide. (thieme-connect.com)

Upregulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which synthesises monounsaturated fatty acids, is required for cancer cells to proliferate in a lipid-depleted environment, and CR also impairs tumour SCD activity to cause an imbalance between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids to slow tumour growth. (nature.com)
In addition, RPE cells proliferate and secrete various proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which serves an important role in AMD-associated CNV ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. (wjgnet.com)
Scaffolds for tissue regeneration must present a viable microenvironment for the living cells to adhere, proliferate, and exhibit the necessary tissue function. (asme.org)
For cancer cells to proliferate constantly and unchecked, they have to outwit the cellular mechanisms that normally ensure the strict control of cell division. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
Therefore, we complemented our investigations into the cellular development of the skeletal muscle of neonatal piglets with in vitro studies using a primary porcine myogenic cell culture model with Gln supplementation. (nature.com)
To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that GSK2606414 has a potential antiproliferative effect in RPE cells in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
There are a myriad of well-established in vitro methods for studying cell proliferation. (news-medical.net)
[ 17-20 ] In vitro and in vivo research suggests that NSAIDs and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors hinder growth and survival of bladder cancer cells and nitrosamine-induced tumors. (medscape.com)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. (oncotarget.com)
Cancer cells, particularly those arising from the bone marrow or lymphatic system, may have a short generation time, and there usually are a smaller percentage of cells in G0 (resting phase). (msdmanuals.com)

Unpredictably, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were unaffected fol lowing NDRG1 expression. (scirp.org)
However, the pathway downstream NDRG1, involving p21 and c8/18, regulating cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis is unfunctional. (scirp.org)

We evaluated the effects of STS inhibitor and aromatase inhibitors on the proliferation of estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer cells. (scirp.org)
Previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis inhibitors reduce the proliferation of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by interfering with the aerobic glycolytic pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)

It is nonenzymatically cleaved to mercaptopurine, that acts as a purine analogue and an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. (wikipedia.org)

Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

Proliferating, BrdU-positive cells in muscle sections were detected with immunohistochemistry indicating different cell types and decreasing proliferation with age. (nature.com)
Thymidine Incorporation Assay BrdU offered by a company Thermo Fisher Scientific includes a nucleoside analog that is identified during active DNA synthesis by employing immunohistochemistry. (news-medical.net)

Antimetabolites interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids. (wikipedia.org)
They interfere with DNA synthesis by blocking the methylation of deoxyuridylic acid. (medscape.com)
As alkylating agent, mechanism of action of active metabolites may involve cross-linking of DNA, which may interfere with growth of normal and neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)

Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting kit‑8 cell viability assay. (spandidos-publications.com)

Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
Cell cycle analysis showed that visfatin increased S-stage percentage and proliferation index in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (thieme-connect.com)
In our validation screen, we performed a drug-gene interaction analysis by exposing an edited pool of primary T cells to prolonged treatment with a sub-lethal dose of a specific small molecule inhibitor. (horizondiscovery.com)
In this investigation, the cytotoxicity of 20 α-methylene-γ-lactones towards normal breast epithelial MCF-10A cells as well as breast cancer JIMT-1 cells is compared, by determining the inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) from dose response curves. (lu.se)

Based on a set of label-free CARS images of atherosclerotic plaques (i.e. foam cell clusters) from a Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit model, we developed an automated pipeline to classify atherosclerotic lesions based on their major morphological features. (springer.com)

The most reliable among them calculates proliferation by direct measurement of DNA synthesis, and thymidine incorporation assay is often cited as a reference model. (news-medical.net)

Lung failure due to aging can be traced to loss of lung stem cell regenerative capacity within the distinctive stem cell niches found within each compartment of the lung. (karger.com)
Current knowledge about the identity and function of these stem cell compartments has been largely drawn from a variety of transgenic and spontaneously mutated mouse models that are characterized by rapid rates of aging or have been used to examine regeneration from injury in the context of natural or accelerated aging. (karger.com)
In this review, we will present current data on lung aging and lung regeneration, with specific attention paid to stem cell-driven regeneration within the context of aging. (karger.com)
In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)
Stem cells are characterized by their ability to undergo self-renewal to maintain stem cell reserves, and, when required, to produce new, terminally differentiated cells. (karger.com)
During aging, a decline in organ function can be traced to a loss of stem cell function due to increased cell turnover, depletion of stem cells, and alterations to the stem cell niche. (karger.com)
During the anagen growth phase, stem cells migrate to the hair matrix and divide and differentiate in a process controlled by numerous cytokines produced by the dermal papillae. (antiaging-systems.com)
To determine the effects of the presence of valproic acid (VA), Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are seeded to the two scaffolds. (asme.org)
Wharton's jelly MSC are multipotent adult stem cells present in the umbilical cord and drawn from their matrix [1,2,3]. (asme.org)
These stem cells have renowned ability for use in cell therapy and organ regeneration. (asme.org)
Such studies will enable us to understand the effects of drugs such as valproic acid on stem cells and will aid in designing scaffolds for applications in nerve regeneration. (asme.org)
In addition, we observed an increase of Sca-1 positive hematopietic stem cells (p= 0.0007) and of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) (p ≤0.0001) after immunization with TSHR which was prevented by linsitinib (Sca-1: p= 0.0008, SDF-1: p ≤0.0001). (bvsalud.org)
A subpopulation of cells within a cancer has the properties of stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Here, we have investigated the role of ChoK in the development of breast cancer and found that ChoK is both necessary and sufficient for growth factor-induced proliferation in primary human mammary epithelial cells and an absolute requirement for the specific mitogenic response to heregulin in breast tumor-derived cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Antimicrotubular antineoplastic agents prevent cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
This enhanced activity increases chemical signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, which causes excessive cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)
The increased number of cells leads to rapid and abnormal brain growth starting before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
Like the genetic changes that cause MPPH syndrome and megalencephaly (described above), the AKT3 gene changes that result in isolated hemimegalencephaly are gain-of-function, ultimately leading to increased cell growth and division in the developing brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Enhances fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis. (joplink.net)
In an animal study, mice administered DHT exhibited reduced expression of IGF-1, which resulted in a lower number of proliferating cells in hair follicles and decreased hair growth. (antiaging-systems.com)
In the 1920s, Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, use the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy for growth even in the presence of oxygen, which is a phenomenon known as 'aerobic glycolysis' or the Warburg effect ( 9 ), and aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in NSCLC ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we focus on the proliferation of human arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from NIDDM patients (DM-SMCs) to clarify the reactivity to the growth factor(s) in fetal calf serum (FCS) and the factors) secreted by T-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
These results suggest that the growth factor is secreted from DM-SMCs as an autocrine system, which increases the proliferation of nonDM-SMCs. (diabetesjournals.org)
The present results support a function of T-cells in stimulating SMC growth. (diabetesjournals.org)
In conclusion, human arterial SMC proliferation is increased in diabetes in the same fashion as in experimentally induced diabetes in animals through responses to growth factors and an increased autocrine system. (diabetesjournals.org)
Initial exponential tumor growth is followed by a plateau phase when cell death nearly equals the rate of formation of daughter cells. (msdmanuals.com)

They induce the lipocortin-1 (annexin-1) synthesis, which then binds to cell membranes preventing the phospholipase A2 from coming into contact with its substrate arachidonic acid. (wikipedia.org)

Gestational trophoblastic tumors are sensitive to many antineoplastic agents, especially those that act in the S phase or the M phase of the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Small tumors have a greater percentage of actively dividing cells than do large tumors. (msdmanuals.com)

Malfunctioning macrophages may account for accumulation of cell mass in vitreous of Tgfb2 null mice. (nih.gov)
however, we measured no change in T lymphocyte proliferation or in the percentage of alveolar macrophages expressing HLA-DP. (cdc.gov)

Over the last decade, significant investigation in the MM field has demonstrated that the interaction of malignant PCs with BM stromal cells within the microenvironment is essential for survival of the PC clone [ 5 , 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)

During the last decades, it has been shown that several biological systems including human cells, fungi, yeasts, bacteria, diatoms, algae, and plants can convert inorganic metal ions into metal NPs through reducing capacities. (degruyter.com)

We also examined the impact of A2 overexpression on mitochondrial function in retinal neuronal R28 cells. (bvsalud.org)

As a follow-up of a previous investigation in which semisynthetic damsin derivatives were shown to possess up to 10 times higher cytoxicity in JIMT-1 breast cancer cells compared to normal breast epithelial MCF-10A cells, a range of new derivatives were prepared and assayed toward the same cells. (lu.se)

It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)

Thus, it is an essential reference for cell and molecular biologists, as well as cancer biologists and all those investigating human diseases associated with translation dysfunction. (cshlpress.com)

We isolated stromal cells from endometrial cancer patients to examine local biosynthesis of estrogens and tumor-stromal interactions. (scirp.org)
Next we examined the effects of steroid sulfatase inhibitor and aromatase inhibitor in monoculture of endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa) and in a co-culture system involving an Ishikawa cells and stromal cells. (scirp.org)

Of all androgens, the one that most negatively influences dermal papilla cells to produce follicle-shrinking cytokines is 5-α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is synthesized from testosterone by the enzyme 5-α-reductase. (antiaging-systems.com)
This causes p53 to pool, negatively influencing cell division and proliferation. (uni-heidelberg.de)

The synthesis and release of these cytokines is influenced by androgens which bind to receptors of the dermal papillae. (antiaging-systems.com)

Many antineoplastic drugs, such as antimetabolites, are most effective when cells are actively dividing. (msdmanuals.com)

More proliferation was observed in muscle tissue of LBW-GLN than LBW-ALA piglets at 5 dpn, but there was no clear effect of supplementation on related gene expression. (nature.com)
Enforcing cancer cell SCD expression or raising circulating lipid levels through a higher-fat CR diet confers resistance to the effects of CR. (nature.com)
In addition, GSK2606414 treatment inhibited eIF2α phosphorylation and reduced CHOP and VEGF mRNA expression levels in RPE cells under TG‑induced ER stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
Immunolabeling showed increased A2 expression in ganglion cell layer (GCL) neurons of WT mice within 6 h-post injury and inner retinal neurons after 7 days. (bvsalud.org)
bronchoalveolar lavage cells from control and CBD subjects to evaluate the beryllium salt-specific production of endogenous IL-10 and the effects of exogenous human rIL-10 (rhIL-10) on HLA expression, on the production of IL-2, IFN- , and TNF- , and on T lymphocyte proliferation. (cdc.gov)

One of the elementary cellular processes involved is the production of ribosomes, which cancer cells manipulate to ramp up production and thereby allow the high division rates needed. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Ribosomes are the nanomachines of the cell. (uni-heidelberg.de)
As biochemist Prof. Dr Ed Hurt explains, scientists first observed about 20 years ago that cancer cell division could be inhibited by blocking the production of new ribosomes. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Vinca alkaloids act on the G and S phases of mitosis, inhibiting microtubule formation and inhibiting DNA/RNA synthesis. (medscape.com)

It binds dihydrofolate reductase and prevents synthesis of tetrahydrofolate. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy39

Organisms16

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Differentiation11

Pathways14

Endothelial cells15

Apoptosis5

Protein17

Inhibition6

Proteins5

Epithelial cell3

Metabolism5

Replication6

Cytokine production4

Oxidative2

Mesangial cell4

Tissues3

Fibroblasts1

Pyrimidine1

Migration4

Collagen5

Stimulate2

Significantly8

Connective tissue1

Inhibit cell4

Intercellular communication2

Inflammation1

Immune1

Stimuli1

Homeostasis3

Substrates1

Decreases1

Adipose1

Proliferate5

Vitro5

Bone marrow2

Progression2

Inhibitors2

Purine1

Occurs1

Immunohistochemistry2

Interfere3

Viability1

Dose4

Morphological1

Incorporation1

Stem13

Growth13

Induce1

Tumors2

Macrophages2

Survival1

Biological1

Overexpression1

Breast epithelial1

Pathway1

Molecular1

Stromal cells2

Negatively2

Cytokines1

Antimetabolites1

Expression5

Ribosomes3

Mitosis1

Prevents1