• Pectus excavatum, also known as sunken or funnel chest, is a congenital chest wall deformity in which several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally, producing a concave, or caved-in, appearance in the anterior chest wall. (medscape.com)
  • Pectus excavatum is a structural deformity of the anterior thoracic wall in which the sternum and rib cage are shaped abnormally. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many scales have been developed to determine the degree of deformity in the chest wall. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pectus excavatum is the most common type of congenital chest wall abnormality (90%), followed by pectus carinatum (5-7%), cleft sternum, pentalogy of Cantrell, asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, and spondylothoracic dysplasia. (medscape.com)
  • The essence of the study was to develop a new structural form of a type series of stabilizers intended for minimally invasive treatment of deformations of the anterior thoracic wall along with the relevant surgical instruments, as well as to develop relevant diagnostic procedures and the operative technique. (jotsrr.org)
  • Surgical treatment of chest deformations entails quite an extensive surgical procedure on the anterior thoracic wall. (jotsrr.org)
  • however, in such patients, it entails considerable difficulty in distorting the deformed anterior thoracic wall, where the cartilaginous parts are already ossified. (jotsrr.org)
  • In pectus excavatum, the growth of bone and cartilage in the anterior chest wall is abnormal, typically affecting 4-5 ribs on each side of the sternum. (medscape.com)
  • Pectus excavatum, also known as sunken or funnel chest, is a congenital chest wall malformation in which several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally, producing a concave or caved-in appearance of the anterior chest wall and sternum. (medscape.com)
  • The chest Haller index is a measurement taken from a noncontrast CT scan of the chest in which a ratio is obtained between the lateral and anterior-posterior diameter of the chest wall at the point of maximal depression of the sternum (see the first image below). (medscape.com)
  • The chest Haller index is a ratio obtained between the measurement of the lateral and anterior-posterior diameter of the chest wall at the point of maximal depression of the sternum. (medscape.com)
  • The funnel chest also referred to as the sunken chest or concave chest ( Latin: Pectus excavatum ) is a congenital defect where the distal part of the sternum and the adjacent sections of ribs are dented towards the spine, with a simultaneous forward protrusion of the xiphoid process and the development of the so-called funnel. (jotsrr.org)
  • The pigeon chest ( Pectus carinatum) , on the other hand, is a deformation consisting of the forward protrusion of the sternum and the costal cartilages adjacent to it. (jotsrr.org)
  • The hallmark of the condition is a sunken appearance of the sternum. (wikipedia.org)
  • this involves the surgeon opening your chest to access your ribs and sternum. (stephenmcculley.co.uk)
  • The surgeon then removes small sections of chest cartilage, repositioning the ribs and sternum. (stephenmcculley.co.uk)
  • this involves slipping a concave metal bar through an incision in the side of the chest. (stephenmcculley.co.uk)
  • The psychosocial stress caused by the abnormal chest can be quite severe and result in a major adjustment disorder, depression, and even suicide ideation later in life. (medscape.com)
  • 8] The image below illustrates the before and after appearance of the chest of a 14-year-old patient treated for pectus excavatum using the minimally invasive technique. (medscape.com)
  • Of note, obtaining a chest Haller index in a young patient (see second image below) with pectus excavatum is not necessary. (medscape.com)
  • Some studies also suggest that the Haller index can be calculated based on chest x-ray as opposed to CT scanning in individuals who have no limitation in their function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common defects include the funnel chest and the pigeon chest. (jotsrr.org)
  • Often known as "funnel chest", common physical symptoms include sunken ribs, rounded shoulders, a poor posture, flared ribs, a potbelly and a rounded spine. (stephenmcculley.co.uk)
  • Symptomatic patients with pectus excavatum typically experience occasional episodes of chest pain, shortness of breath with exertion, and decreased exercise tolerance. (medscape.com)
  • Pectus excavatum comprises approximately 90% of all chest wall deformities. (medscape.com)
  • Before and after appearance of the chest following Nuss operation for pectus excavatum. (medscape.com)
  • Non contrast CT scan of the chest of a patient with pectus excavatum. (medscape.com)
  • Pectus excavatum can impair cardiac and respiratory function and cause pain in the chest and back. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pectus excavatum is initially suspected from visual examination of the anterior chest. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chest x-ray in pectus excavatum can show an opacity in the right lung area that can be mistaken for an infiltrate (such as that seen with pneumonia). (wikipedia.org)
  • When pectus excavatum is severe, the condition can cause symptoms such as chest pain, lung problems and difficulty breathing. (stephenmcculley.co.uk)
  • People with the condition may experience severe negative psychosocial effects and avoid activities that expose the chest. (wikipedia.org)
  • The appearance of the chest can be very disturbing to young teenagers. (medscape.com)
  • People may also experience chest and back pain, which is usually of musculoskeletal origin. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1998 Donald Nuss presented a new minimally invasive operative technique to be used in the surgery of the funnel chest, taking into account the correction of the deformation of its anterior wall, with the application of a minimally invasive technique, not requiring any bone resection [ 5 , 6 ]. (jotsrr.org)
  • Number of hospitalisations associated with a major chest surgery in total and in the division by gender in the years 2009-2006 [7]. (jotsrr.org)
  • Pectus excavatum comprises approximately 90% of all chest wall deformities. (medscape.com)
  • Plain chest radiographs with anteroposterior and lateral views were subsequently taken, along with computed thoracic tomography (Figure 2 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • People may also experience chest and back pain, which is usually of musculoskeletal origin. (wikipedia.org)
  • He had experienced marked dyspnea on exertion, central chest tightness and easy fatigability, which resolved upon removal of the heavy load followed by a few minutes of rest. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Auscultation of the chest can reveal displaced heart beat and valve prolapse. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the nature of the precipitating factors (that is, the body vest and backpack) leading to his symptoms, it was highly possible that his chest wall defect compromised his pulmonary function upon load-stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A normal chest index is around 2.5. (medscape.com)
  • According to the study, operative correction significantly reduces CT index and markedly improves the shape of the entire chest and can be performed safely in a variety of centers. (medscape.com)