Success method 20th century animal biomedical research. Medical search. Frequent questions

Scan from The Mismeasure of Man , but originally from a mid-19th century work. (rationalwiki.org)
In the 19th and 20th centuries, doctors in Europe and the U.S. experimented with its use in treating a variety of ailments, but the drug never gained widespread acceptance and was ultimately made illegal in many countries. (ucsf.edu)

1998. Harnessing Light: Optical Science and Engineering for the 21st Century . (nationalacademies.org)
Art in the Stacks highlights these holdings with a selection of original paintings, drawings, and sculptures, in addition to artists' books and other works on paper produced in the 20th and early 21st centuries. (uchicago.edu)

27 In Canada, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, a everyday Konzentrationsmessungen of existing chain through its Help to Scholarly Publications Program( ASPP), extends that any sculptures building impact must create six- submitted, either by the demanding end or by the ASPP itself. (literary-liaisons.com)
As society faces increasingly complex problems, providing sustainable solutions requires integrative partnerships and approaches that build convergence of many disciplines with research and support for stakeholders at all levels," says Lisa Kunza, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences and the director of the new center at Mines. (sdsmt.edu)
The Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin conducts research into how new categories of thinking, of proving and experiencing have developed during the centuries-long interaction between the sciences and the cultures in which they are embedded. (mpg.de)
Applications are solicited for (1) Social and Behavioral Sciences and Physical Sciences and Engineering and (2) Arts and Humanities and Life and Biomedical Sciences in rotating cycles every other year. (ohio.edu)
In this paper we explore these two types of analogical reasoning in the biomedical sciences. (hughlafollette.com)
Full text electronic access to over 60 peer-reviewed research journals and other related texts published, or co-published, by the American Chemical Society, a leading publisher in chemical and related sciences. (mcm.edu)

Animal testing , also known as animal experimentation , animal research , and in vivo testing , is the use of non-human animals in experiments (although some research about animals involves only natural behaviors or pure observation, such as a mouse running a maze or field studies of chimp troops ). (wmflabs.org)
The terms animal testing, animal experimentation , animal research, in vivo testing , and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations . (wmflabs.org)
This reigning view of animal experimentation construes animal models as causal analogue models (CAMs). (hughlafollette.com)
Yet there is another view of animal experimentation which, although not entrenched in biomedical theory, is alive and well in biomedical practice. (hughlafollette.com)
Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (1843-1910), German physician and microbiologist, founder of modern bacteriology, identified the specific causative agents of TB, cholera, and anthrax and gave experimental support for the concept of infectious disease basing such discoveries on animal and human experimentation (Figure 1). (embs.org)

virtually every advance in medical science in the 20th century, from antibiotics and vaccines to antidepressant drugs and organ transplants, has been achieved either directly or indirectly through the use of animals in laboratory experiments. (hughlafollette.com)

Animal identification via tattoo is a practice within the agricultural industry, at breeding farms, in scientific laboratories, and in the identification of domesticated pets. (wikipedia.org)
Throughout the 20th century the 'professional students of education' have militated for child-centered discovery learning, and against systematic practice and teacher-directed instruction. (independent.org)
From the medications administered to the type of dressing used to heal a wound, nurses apply procedures that have been tested through research and deemed appropriate according to evidence-based standards of practice. (hallmarkessays.com)
Through foundational knowledge related to research methods, translation of research data is used to improve nursing practice and, ultimately, patient outcomes. (hallmarkessays.com)

The systematic review method involves taking all the relevant studies in a field of interest and synthesising their findings in order to produce a definitive answer. (safermedicines.org)
Cupping Therapy is a form of alternative therapy that has been around for centuries and involves the application of specialized cups to areas of the body in order to stimulate healing. (cuppingtherapy.org)
A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)
Research in his lab involves a team of postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students with multiple projects, all focused on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus , one of the leading causes of infection and death by a microbe in the United States with reports that it could account for between 10,000 and 15,000 deaths annually. (ohio.edu)

There is good evidence that only a few animal researchers are aware of the many ways in which their experiments can be biased (Reichlin et al 2016) and that only a few researchers take steps to minimise the possibility of these biases (Kilkenny et al 2009). (safermedicines.org)
Biomedical researchers claim there is significant biomedical information about humans which can be discovered only through experiments on intact animal systems (AMA p. 2). (hughlafollette.com)
Biomedical researchers claim these should be conducted on intact biological systems, whole animals. (hughlafollette.com)
This chapter outlines the historical events that have shaped modern research, providing a framework to introduce novice researchers to the foundations of research design and implementation. (hallmarkessays.com)

Flu vaccines remain the most effective method available to prevent flu illness, especially severe illness. (theconversation.com)
Vaccines help protect farm animals from various diseases. (theconversation.com)

Animal models especially invertebrates (e.g., fruit flies, nematodes, and earthworms are inexpensive, require less ethical concerns, and are therefore noncontroversial) are crucial to understanding mechanisms that underlie biological processes. (hindawi.com)
Every animal group and system is being scrutinized revealing levels of biological organization from developmental/functional molecules to organs to systems to organisms. (hindawi.com)
Instead, the whole earthworm or some of its products has been analyzed in credible experimental research related to biological function in mammals that still require further refinement. (hindawi.com)
Here we integrate psychophysics, clinical research, and biological approaches, aiming to gain a coherent understanding of how we might ultimately improve outcomes in patients. (aro.org)
Modern biomedical instrumentation takes advantage of this wide range of interactions between photons and biological materials and provides a remarkably broad set of tools for the physician and life scientist. (nationalacademies.org)

Defining the rationale is probably the most critical task for a writer, as it tells your reader why your research is biologically meaningful. (dissertationassist.best)

Biologicals were extensively used in many parts of Africa from the sixteenth century AD, most of the time in the form of poisoned arrows, or powder spread on the war front as well as poisoning of horses and water supply of the enemy forces. (wikipedia.org)

Scientists who issue this type of news release are able to hold out the promise of animal research without actually having to deliver anything at the time. (safermedicines.org)
Although epidemiological studies, computer simulations, clinical investigation, and cell and tissue cultures have become important weapons in the biomedical scientists' arsenal, these are primarily 'adjuncts to the use of animals in research' (Sigma Xi p. 76). (hughlafollette.com)

The earliest references to animal testing are found in the writings of the Greeks in the 2nd and 4th centuries BCE. (wmflabs.org)

However, the events of the final two decades of the 20th century are more easily understood in an historical context. (independent.org)

[ 22 ] Avenzoar , an Arabic physician in 12th-century Moorish Spain who also practiced dissection, introduced animal testing as an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. (wmflabs.org)
All but one of the experimental treatments that improved motor neurone disease in animals failed in human trials, and the benefits of the one successful treatment, in terms of extended survival, are considered negligible (Perrin 2014). (safermedicines.org)

Wilko Graf von Hardenberg, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, studies the ways in which our relationship to iconic mammals has changed over the centuries. (mpg.de)
Details of potential PhD and Post-Doctoral research project opportunities within the DCU Faculty of Science and Health are outlined below. (dcu.ie)
Molecular biology is one of the great successes of 20th century science. (abdn.ac.uk)
Alongside lecture material, in depth practical classes will cover biomedical measurement techniques, forensic science and a research-based mini project. (abdn.ac.uk)
A udrey Clare Farley is a writer, editor, and scholar of 20th-century American culture with a special interest in science and religion. (madinamerica.com)
Here is a new initiative focusing on basic science and technology that will suck up existing resources that, in turn, will not be available for the translational or applied research that can produce results that will benefit me and my patients in the very near future. (medscape.com)

By recognizing their numerous ecological, environmental, and biomedical roles, substantiated by inexpensive and more comprehensive investigations, we will become more aware of their undiscovered beneficial properties. (hindawi.com)
CDC reported on recent developments under the Futures Initiative (FI), including the revised organizational structure of the Coordinating Center for Environmental Health and Injury Prevention (CCEHIP), roles and responsibilities of CCEHIP staff, and FI successes. (cdc.gov)

It is important to point out that NIH makes funding decisions based on our vigorous review process and the alignment of proposed research with IC priorities. (nih.gov)
To address those research questions that are most critical to improving public health response to B. anthracis -related bioterrorism, CDC convened this meeting to obtain input on critical research priorities and coordinate with federal partners and other stakeholders in planning and conduct of applied research that needs to be initiated within the next 12 months. (cdc.gov)
In the second working group session, groups were asked to prepare a written report of their group's top three research priorities. (cdc.gov)

New research shows that breastfeeding rates peaked in 2020, a time of strict COVID restrictions. (theconversation.com)

He or she knows adjusting at potentially the uncomplicated century as the Pluto. (fossel.info)
3) Review existing and unexamined/previously unpublished (potentially classified) animal data related to dose response. (cdc.gov)

There have been very few reliable, systematic evaluations of the human relevance of animal research (Pound et al 2004). (safermedicines.org)
However, relatively few systematic reviews of animal studies have been conducted and it is rare for them to explore issues relating to human relevance. (safermedicines.org)

Literally, "vivisection" means the "cutting up" of a living animal, and historically referred only to experiments that involved the dissection of live animals. (wmflabs.org)
Aristotle and Erasistratus were among the first to perform experiments on living animals. (wmflabs.org)
Rather, experiments on animals prompt the formation of hypotheses about the nature of biomedical phenomena in humans. (hughlafollette.com)
Experiments on animals with deleterious substances or in harmful circumstances are very useful and entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of man. (hughlafollette.com)
It was the site of medical experiments and various forms of research that were performed on infants, twins, and dwarfs. (hallmarkessays.com)

Our intention is to support and promote the further worldwide integration of comprehensive evidence-based research and clinical hypnotherapy with mainstream mental health, medicine, and coaching. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)
We do so by disseminating, supporting, and conducting research, providing professional level education, advocating increased level of practitioner competency, and supporting the viability and success of clinical practitioners. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)

Weibing Xing, (second from left) and his research team (from left to right: Gulam Smdani, Weibing Xing, Haiden Studer, Wahid Hasan, Amir Razzaq, Chris Poches and Salman Khan Mithil) in a next-generation battery research laboratory at South Dakota Mines. (sdsmt.edu)

Worldwide it is estimated that the number of vertebrate animals-from zebrafish to non-human primates -ranges from the tens of millions to more than 100 million used annually. (wmflabs.org)
Surely there is evidence that animal research is useful for human medicine? (safermedicines.org)
An exception is provided by Perel and colleagues (2007), who conducted systematic reviews of animal studies for six different conditions and compared them with systematic reviews of human studies for the same six conditions. (safermedicines.org)
They found that the animal and human studies agreed in three cases and disagreed in three cases. (safermedicines.org)
They concluded that the lack of agreement may have been due to either the inability of animal models to accurately mimic human diseases, or to the poor quality of the animal studies. (safermedicines.org)
Another systematic review found that only a third of animal study findings agreed with the findings of the corresponding human randomised trials (Hackam and Redelmeier 2006). (safermedicines.org)
In 2016, the UK government's chief scientific advisor suggested that the time had come to evaluate the human benefits of animal research. (safermedicines.org)
By observing the effects of various stimuli in non-human animals, we can form legitimate expectations about the likely effects of these stimuli in humans. (hughlafollette.com)
On this view animal test subjects may not be similar to human phenomena in relevant causal respects, and thus do not prove or establish anything about human beings. (hughlafollette.com)
After sharpening the distinction between HAMs and CAMs, we critically examine the use of non-human CAMs to test hypotheses (often derived from non-human HAMs) about the causal mechanisms underlying human biomedical phenomena. (hughlafollette.com)
It has revolutionised our understanding of biology over the last half-century, culminating in the determination of the complete human genome sequence. (abdn.ac.uk)
Many historical events have shaped research practices, and guidelines have been developed to protect human subjects from inadvertent harm. (hallmarkessays.com)
This is President Obama's human B RAI N Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies). (medscape.com)

Earthworms as inexpensive, noncontroversial animal models (without ethical concerns) are not vectors of disease do not harbor parasites that threaten humans nor are they annoying pests. (hindawi.com)
But animal research must lead to cures for humans? (safermedicines.org)
In the field of spinal cord injury, none of the 22 drugs that worked in animals turned out to work in humans (Geerts 2009). (safermedicines.org)
Every approach to treating sepsis that was successful in animals has failed in humans (Leist and Hartung 2013). (safermedicines.org)
They found that of 101 research papers that clearly stated a promising finding, some twenty year later only one had led to a treatment that was subsequently used extensively in humans (Contopoulos-Ioannidis et al 2003). (safermedicines.org)
never happens in humans, nor in other animals, for a very simple reason: if nothing else, space exerts a passive restraint on who mates with whom" [8] (for example imagine a man and a woman living 1000 miles apart), but there are also equally important cultural barriers that prevent random mating. (rationalwiki.org)

most animals are purpose-bred, while a minority are caught in the wild or supplied by dealers who obtain them from auctions and pounds . (wmflabs.org)

Established in 2004 - the ICTA is the global authority in modern and traditional Cupping Therapy, methods and treatments. (cuppingtherapy.org)
Therapists train with the International Cupping Therapy Association to learn about this amazingly effective therapy to include history, theory, methods, equipment, treatments, safety and contraindications to treat their clients and achieve effects that are profound, cumulative and long lasting. (cuppingtherapy.org)
However, despite this research production, the effects of treatments remain uncertain, and treatment development has stalled. (researchgate.net)
I believe this because the problems we deal with in psychiatry-mental disorders, disturbances in behavior, and how those derive from brain function-have been the most challenging for biomedical research to disentangle and understand, so that we can identify the causes, treatments, and cures. (medscape.com)

The method of tattooing identification codes on animals is very complex and specific and is commonly taught very early in agricultural training. (wikipedia.org)
have you early you would reset to be these dealerships from your download research progress? (mooreamusicpele.com)

More recently, Bernstein has translated and analyzed the writings of first-century poet and statesman Silius Italicus, particularly Punica , his 12,000-line epic poem on Rome's war with Carthage. (ohio.edu)

When using an electric tattoo machine, veterinarians and breeders typically put animals under anaesthesia prior to the procedure in order to inflict minimal pain. (wikipedia.org)

Many of the proponents of animal research cite single, selected studies as evidence that animal research 'works' in a particular area, but single studies - which may be flawed or biased - do not constitute sufficient, high quality evidence. (safermedicines.org)

There is a diversity of opinion concerning the morality of animal tattooing, related to concerns about animal welfare. (wikipedia.org)

His research led to the creation of Koch's postulates, a series of four generalized principles linking specific microorganisms to specific diseases that remain today the gold standard in medical microbiology. (embs.org)

Gradually fostering an approach to potential beneficial healing properties, there are renewed efforts through bioprospecting and evidence-based research to understand by means of rigorous investigations the mechanisms of action whether earthworms are used as food and/or as sources of potential medicinal products. (hindawi.com)
Further quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods research is needed to more fully understand common experiences of pain in patients with DPNP, and the common meanings ascribed to these experiences. (researchgate.net)
Perhaps more importantly, we can understand the biomedical condition's causal mechanisms. (hughlafollette.com)
More research to explore the reasons for these differences is needed to ensure that women are receiving appropriate screening, and to better understand why screening prevalence is declining among this population of commercially insured women. (cdc.gov)

Within the realm of livestock production, animal identification aids producers in the documentation of areas such as reproduction, health issues, milk production and medical procedures. (wikipedia.org)
The research is conducted inside universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, farms, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry. (wmflabs.org)
Objectively, patients are reporting the results as being rapid and long lasting, with such overwhelming enthusiasm as to drive even the Allopathic Medical Industry to incorporate Cupping Therapy as a quantitatively effective and respected method of healing. (cuppingtherapy.org)
To remain the world leader in developing and introducing innovative medical instrumentation while improving and bringing down the cost of health care will require continued investment in research and development. (nationalacademies.org)

Odysseus, who Was download research progress in oligosaccharins to Ithaca then one of his subjects. (mooreamusicpele.com)

There have been many studies over the years, based on different methods and with different study criteria. (blogspot.com)
METHODS: The study was conducted at the hypnotherapy outpatient clinics of Atatürk University Acupuncture and Complementary Medicine Application and Research Centre. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)
This observation of the natural world may inspire you to investigate background literature or your observation could be based on previous research by others or your own pilot study. (dissertationassist.best)
During the latter years of our study period, screening prevalence (regardless of screening method) declined significantly for women in all age groups examined. (cdc.gov)
Our study demonstrated no significant benefit in utilizing the IR vein visualization device in terms of the overall success rate, number of attempts, and time to establish successful IV cannulation when compared to the standard technique. (bvsalud.org)

This can be checked using the data in the Food Environment Atlas 2014 (produced by the USDA Economic Research Service), which show the number of both Fast-food and Full-service restaurants / 1,000 popele in 2012 for each of the more than 3,100 counties in the USA. (blogspot.com)
Available at http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/Downloads/highlights.pdf . (nationalacademies.org)
Thus the success of any applicant, and the number of grants she or he holds, is based on a competitive process that I believe these data well reflect. (nih.gov)
been from then, the download Источники of the data and times do 20th. (fossel.info)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7: 2290-2308). (blogspot.com)
CDC presented an overview of its agency-wide research agenda and described examples of environmental health themes that will be included. (cdc.gov)
caftans of download research determines a German Deuce Dispatched to be the showing computer a new health in the Following notification. (mooreamusicpele.com)
Service, State Health Departments, universities and other organizations to identify, prioritize, and coordinate near-term Bacillus anthracis bioterrorism research for public health response. (cdc.gov)
During the recent anthrax bioterrorism investigation CDC and its partners identified a number of areas where additional research may be useful in improving public health response. (cdc.gov)

According to Darwin [ 6 ], "it may be doubted if there are any other animals which have played such an important role in the world as these lowly organized characters. (hindawi.com)
Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. (mdpi.com)
Why is it important for nurses to perform research and contribute to generalizable knowledge? (hallmarkessays.com)

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)
The Presidential Research Scholars (PRS) awards program recognizes faculty members who have garnered national and international prominence in research, scholarship and creative activity and who demonstrate clear promise for continued, significant productivity in their research/creative activity. (ohio.edu)
The anesthesiologist's grading of the anticipated difficulty of IV cannulation was a significant predictor of cannulation success (p = 0.0016). (bvsalud.org)

For other uses, see Animal studies (disambiguation) . (wmflabs.org)
[ 1 ] It includes pure research (such as genetics , developmental biology , and behavioral studies ) as well as applied research (such as biomedical research , xenotransplantation , drug testing, and toxicology tests , including cosmetics testing ). (wmflabs.org)
Our research extends studies that have examined the relation between hypnotic suggestibility and experiential involvement and the role of an hypnotic induction in enhancing experiential involvement (e.g., absorption) in engaging tasks. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)
In addition, this initiative should be very beneficial for psychiatry and studies of mental illness because the brain functions we are concerned with are the most highly evolved functions in the animal kingdom. (medscape.com)

"A Brief History of American K-12 Mathematics Education in the 20th Century," by David Klein. (independent.org)
history gets the analysis of the concerned humanism, the perpetuation of a impossible success, and the campaign of Literary suggestions. (gerd-breuer.de)
This exhibition explores the University of Chicago Library's broad array of research materials documenting African-American history and culture. (uchicago.edu)
The Black Metropolis Research Consortium (BMRC) is a Chicago-based membership association that aids in expanding broad access to its members' holdings of materials that document African American and African diasporic history, politics and culture, with a specific focus on materials relating to Chicago. (uchicago.edu)

The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. (mdpi.com)

Please contact the directors or research group leaders at the Institute. (mpg.de)
I recently spoke to Carlos Olguin, head of the Bio/Nano/Programmable Matter Group at Autodesk Research, to find out more about a project - Project Cyborg - that could impact both Autodesk and Organovo. (advfn.com)

Natasha Ndele '24 spent her summer researching bladder cancer at the Houston Methodist Research Institute. (southwestern.edu)
Welcome to The International Hypnosis Research Institute Web site. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)

The failure to remedy these deficiencies in school subject matter and teaching methods neglects students chances to gain invaluable knowledge. (independent.org)
Additionally, you will gain an in depth understanding of selected aspects of Molecular Biology which will reflect the research expertise and strengths within the School, and you will be instructed in the many applications of this subject. (abdn.ac.uk)

Animals are also used for education, breeding, and defense research. (wmflabs.org)
Curriculum and teaching strategies are indispensable to the success of students, but less discerning voices in education policy have left schools across the nation with unproven and outright dogmatic philosophies. (independent.org)

Learn from Washington Insiders about how public policy impacts Biomedical engineering! (aimbe.org)

participants , ensure the integrity of the research process, and safeguard the public. (hallmarkessays.com)

First, there seems to be a general perception that access to fast food is continuing to increase in the modern world, even though that increase started more than half a century ago. (blogspot.com)

Anaesthetic or other methods of sedation are commonly administered for this type of procedure, with the aim to provide minimal harm and pain to the animal. (wikipedia.org)
yet, preference for biomedical explanation of pain in the field has meant that attention to the personal experience of pain and to the meanings of pain experience remain a blind spot in knowledge. (researchgate.net)

Take a look at the graph below to see, on average, how many NIH research project grants a PI holds in any given year. (nih.gov)

This degree offers you the opportunity to undertake a year's placement in an industrial, commercial or research environment and graduate after five years with an MSci (an undergraduate Masters degree) instead of a BSc. (abdn.ac.uk)

for as I have shown, the effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree. (hughlafollette.com)

Animal identification is essential in the agricultural industry, due to its aid in identity confirmation, breeding security and theft prevention. (wikipedia.org)

Tattoo artist Bob Shaw stated that in middle of the 20th century, himself, as well as many other tattoo artists, used to tattoo the pink marks on dogs' noses to make them appear completely black for either aesthetic reasons, or to avoid sunburn. (wikipedia.org)
The middle Elaine, the download research progress in of Astolat, Is another adviser from the solid Elen. (mooreamusicpele.com)

On this view the primary function of animal tests is to uncover the causal mechanisms which produce and direct the course of a disease or condition in animals. (hughlafollette.com)

A press release from NASA on this research states, "Improving the power capacity and life of batteries could help NASA power rockets, spacecraft, and habitats on the Moon, and eventually, Mars. (sdsmt.edu)
You'll learn from academics conducting life-enhancing, world-changing research - the innovators in your subject. (findamasters.com)

For dogs and cats, the primary recommended form of identification is a collar as it is non-intrusive and has a high success rate of reunification with owners when lost. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, CAMs are thought to be the primary engine of biomedical advance. (hughlafollette.com)
The primary outcome variable was the success rate of IV cannulation, and the secondary variables were the total number of attempts and the time to successful cannulation. (bvsalud.org)

At least animal research must be conducted to the highest scientific standards? (safermedicines.org)
Therefore, nurses must become familiar with the specific language of scientific research and the research process. (hallmarkessays.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms2

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Psychiatry and Psychology10

Phenomena and Processes10

Disciplines and Occupations43

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena42

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Humanities36

Information Science59

Named Groups5

Health Care65

Geographicals5

19th2

21st2

Sciences6

Experimentation5

Antibiotics1

Practice4

Involves4

Researchers4

Vaccines2

Biological5

Biologically1

Sixteenth century1

Scientists2

References1

Decades1

Experimental2

Science6

Roles2

Priorities3

20201

Potentially2

Relevance2

Experiments5

Clinical2

Laboratory1

Human13

Humans6

Minority1

Treatments4

Early2

Bernstein1

Typically1

Cite1

Welfare1

Diseases1

Understand4

Medical4

Subjects1

Study5

Data4

Health5

Important3

Significant3

Studies4

History4

Areas1

Group2

Institute2

School2

Education2

Engineering1

Public1

Modern1

Pain2

Project1

Graduate1

Differences1

Agricultural1

Middle2

Mechanisms1

Life2

Primary3

Scientific2