• hCG is a glycoprotein similar in structure to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyrotropin. (medscape.com)
  • Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH): first proposal for the amino acid sequence of the alpha-subunit (hFSHa) and first demonstration of its identity with the alpha-subunit of human luteinizing hormone (hLHa). (wikipedia.org)
  • The 3 human pituitary glycoprotein hormones: luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyrotropin, and the placenta-derived chorionic gonadotropin, are closely related tropic hormones. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Thyrotropin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is one of a family of glycoprotein hormones including luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) that share a common α-subunit and a unique β-subunit. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • Shared alpha chain of the active heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones thyrotropin/thyroid stimulating hormone/TSH, lutropin/luteinizing hormone/LH, follitropin/follicle stimulating hormone/FSH and choriogonadotropin/CG. (nih.gov)
  • The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits that are associated noncovalently. (nih.gov)
  • The genes encoding the mature common glycoprotein alpha (CGA) and hormone-specific beta subunits of feline thyroid stimulating hormone (fTSH) were cloned and sequenced. (avmi.net)
  • This report constitutes the first cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding the subunits of feline thyrotropin. (avmi.net)
  • By contrast, all the different beta-subunits are transcribed from separate genes, show less homology, and convey the receptor specificity of the dimeric hormones. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Two thyroid hormone regulated genes, the β-subunits of nerve growth factor (NGFB) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHB), have been assigned to mouse chromosome 3 and human chromosome 1q22. (arizona.edu)
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) activates not merely the secretion of thyrotropin (TSH) but also the transcription of TSHβ and α-glycoprotein (αGSU) subunit genes. (bioerc-iend.org)
  • Secretion of the TSH LM22A-4 molecule from thyrotroph and the transcriptions of TSHβ and αGSU genes are stimulated by the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) generated in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. (bioerc-iend.org)
  • Rare genetic causes result from mutations in the genes for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), the TRH receptor [ 5 ] or TSH [ 6 , 7 ]. (rroij.com)
  • No interference with the HPT axis was observed, as determined by unaltered pituitary mRNA levels of triiodothyronine-responsive genes, including thyrotropin subunit β. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Thyrotropin receptor and thyroid transcription factor-1 genes variant in Chinese children with congenital hypothyroidism. (tsh-receptor-mutation-database.org)
  • Here, we describe a novel, engineered, non-glycosylated single-chain FSH variant, prepared by site-directed mutagenesis and fusion of the coding genes of the α and β subunits. (haifa.ac.il)
  • We analysed the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and four nuclear genes (casein kappa, spectrin beta nonerythrocytic 1, thyroglobulin, thyrotropin subunit beta) for the first phylogeographic survey of the aoudad, and uncovered a deep Mediterranean-Saharan mitochondrial split separating two highly distinct evolutionary lineages. (ulisboa.pt)
  • 200?kDa composed of 13 subunits encoded by both the mitochondrial and nuclear genes. (cahrr.org)
  • α-Subunit and the gonadotropins were significantly coreleased (triple coincidence), suggesting that all three hormones are closely linked to processes that regulate GnRH secretion. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Stimulus-secretion coupling in rat pituitary cells: role of cytosolic free [Ca++] in the stimulation of hormone secretion by thyrotropin-releasing hormone. (vdocuments.net)
  • The most commonly used assays are for the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). (medscape.com)
  • Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human thyrotropin (TSH), luteotropin (LH), follitropin (FSH), and chorionic gonadotropin are members of the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone family. (jci.org)
  • A single-chain analogue of fTSH termed yoked fTSH (yfTSH) was developed by fusing the nucleotides encoding the C-terminus of the beta-subunit fused to the N-terminus of the alpha-subunit with DNA encoding the C-terminal peptide (CTP) of human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit as a linker peptide. (avmi.net)
  • Follitropin (FSH) is a heterodimeric protein composed of an α subunit that is shared with the glycoprotein hormone family, including lutropin (LH), thyrotropin (TSH), human choriogonadotropin (hCG), and a unique β specific subunit. (haifa.ac.il)
  • The majority (86%) of hyperthyroid patients normalized thyroid hormone concentrations and regained euthyroidism, although pituitary imaging, alpha-subunit, and alpha-subunit/TSH molar ratio normalized in only 47%, 54%, and 58% of patients, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • The a-subunit level and a-subunit to TSH molar ratio were measured and found to be high before surgery. (medassocthai.org)
  • The first exon of the human thyrotropin-β (hTSHβ) gene has been demonstrated in our laboratory to contain a major thyroid hormone inhibitory element. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Molecular cloning of the human thyrotropin-beta subunit gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit and belongs to the glycoprotein hormones alpha chain family. (nih.gov)
  • Levels of the alpha-subunit of the G protein (Gsalpha) were reduced in erythrocyte membranes from both girls and a nonsense mutation (Q12X) in exon 1 of the GNAS1 gene was identified in genomic dna from the mildly affected patient. (lookfordiagnosis.com)
  • The thyrotropin receptor (or TSH receptor) is a receptor (and associated protein) that responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as "thyrotropin") and stimulates the production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). (wikipedia.org)
  • The amino acid sequence of thyrotropin alfa is identical to that of human pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone. (harvard.edu)
  • The alpha subunits of these hormones are identical, however, their beta chains are unique and confer biological specificity. (nih.gov)
  • This large (670kDa) glycoprotein, which is composed of two identical subunits, is released along with thyroid hormone from normal and malignant follicular cells in response to TSH. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • The common α subunit forms noncovalent heterodimers with different β subunits. (jci.org)
  • Each is composed of an alpha- and a beta-subunit, coupled by strong noncovalent bonds. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Chazenbalk G.D., McLachlan S.M., Pichurin P., Yan X-M., Rapoport B. A prion-like shift between two conformational forms of a recombinant thyrotropin receptor receptor A-subunit module: Purification and stabilization using chemical chaperones of the form reactive with Graves' autoantibodies. (rusmedserv.com)
  • A highly purified recombinant glycoprotein form of human THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE, produced by recombinant DNA technology comprising two non-covalently linked subunits, an alpha subunit of 92 amino acid residues containing two N-linked glycosylation sites, and a beta subunit of 118 residues containing one N-linked glycosylation site. (harvard.edu)
  • Long-term efficacy of modified-release recombinant human thyrotropin augmented radioiodine therapy for benign multinodular goiter: results from a multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-selection study. (harvard.edu)
  • 2-4 It is an integral part of the cell membrane, which, when activated by thyrotropin (TSH), initiates the first step in thyroid hormone synthesis, resulting in iodination of tyrosine molecules on thyroglobulin (Tg). (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Thyrotropin releasing hormone stimulation showed blunt response of TSH but good response for prolactin. (medassocthai.org)
  • The present study demonstrates that there are a considerable number of immunoreactive prolactin (PRL) cells that are also stained with antibody against the α-subunit when adjacent sections are immunocytochemically examined. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Both subunits, the non-covalently bound heterodimers, are required for full biologic activity. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The specificity of the antibody against the α-subunit and of that against PRL was demonstrated by preabsorption test, non-competitive binding test, and immunoblot analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The free beta subunit of hCG differs from the others in that it has a 30-amino acid tailpiece at the COOH terminus. (medscape.com)
  • Linear amino acid sequence of the alpha subunit. (wikipedia.org)
  • The resulting 510 bp PCR product for the CGA-subunit included the full coding sequence for the 96 amino acid mature subunit preceded by a 24 amino acid signal peptide. (avmi.net)
  • Altered distribution of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subunit GluR2(4) and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NMDAR1 in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. (brain-knowledge-engine.org)
  • The mitochondrially encoded subunits COX1, COX2 and COX3 are evolutionarily conserved and form the catalytic and structural core of the enzyme [1]. (cahrr.org)
  • The ATP can be included from the subunit, digitalis, and additional ligand binding sites, and is definitely the catalytic subunit [1]. (giknet.org)
  • PF cells were found to express regulatory (p85) and catalytic (p110α and p110β) subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3′-kinase). (jneurosci.org)
  • Thyrotropin Alfa" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Thyrotropin Alfa" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Thyrotropin Alfa" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Thyrotropin Alfa" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • Genzyme Corp. recently announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a supplemental indication for thyrotropin alfa for injection (Thyrogen) to be used in combination with radioiodine to ablate, or destroy, the remaining thyroid tissue in patients who have had their cancerous thyroids removed. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Tissue-specific isoforms of subunits COX4, COX6A, COX6B and COX7A were identified in humans [3,4]. (cahrr.org)
  • Our recent finding that the number of immunoreactive α-subunit cells was invariably greater than the total number of immunoreactive gonadotropin (GTH) and thyrotropin (TSH) cells in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) pituitary gland raises the possibility that the α-subunit also exists in pituitary cells other than GTH and TSH cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The superfamily of G proteins includes three main classes: Ras-like GTPases, G α subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, and the translation elongation factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used thyrotropin receptor, which is coupled to different G proteins, to investigate the regulation of Galphas- and Galphaq-mediated signaling (assessed by cAMP and inositol phosphate production, respectively). (unich.it)
  • We therefore hypothesized that the GRK2-Nter could directly interact with the Galphaq subunit to regulate its signaling, as demonstrated for several RGS proteins. (unich.it)
  • Under physiological conditions, alpha- and beta-chain synthesis and secretions are tightly coupled, and only small amounts of monomeric subunits are secreted. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Free beta subunits are degraded by macrophage enzymes in the kidney to make a beta subunit core fragment, which is primarily detected in urine samples. (medscape.com)
  • The beta-hCG subunit is present in the syncytial layer of the blastomere. (medscape.com)
  • hCG is present in the maternal circulation as either an intact dimer, alpha or beta subunit, and degraded form, or beta core fragment. (medscape.com)
  • Intact and free beta subunit are initially the predominant forms of hCG, with the beta core fragment emerging as the predominant form in the fifth week after conception. (medscape.com)
  • Additionally, intact and free beta subunit have the most day-to-day variability and are transiently undetectable even 10 days after detection of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Optimally, tests used for early pregnancy detection should be able to recognize all forms of intact hCG, including the free beta subunit and the beta core fragment. (medscape.com)
  • The primary structure of the alpha and beta subunits. (wikipedia.org)
  • The alpha subunit and beta subunit. (wikipedia.org)
  • the distinct functional characteristics of these glycoprotein hormones are determined by the unique beta subunits. (wakehealth.edu)
  • In concordance with the in vivo findings, 3-T 1 AM decreased the thyrotropin-dependent expression of Nis and functional iodide uptake in PCCL3 cells in vitro. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Neither immunoreactive growth hormone nor adrenocorticotropin cells are stained with the antibody against the α-subunit. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Its presence in the anterior pituitary gland may be involved in mediating the paracrine signaling feedback inhibition of thyrotropin along the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha, currently termed eEF1A, is a member of the G protein family, and one of the four subunits that compose the eukaryotic elongation factor 1 [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)