• DPhe 6 ,βAla 11 ,Phe 13 ,Nle 14 ]Bn(6−14) was found to have high affinity ( K i = 0.4 nM) for the fBB 4 receptor and 125 I-[DTyr 6 ,βala 11 ,Phe 13 ,Nle 14 ]Bn(6−14) to be an excellent ligand for this receptor. (acs.org)
  • Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels of the central and peripheral nervous system that regulate synaptic activity from both pre- and postsynaptic sites. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) axis, may influence breast cancer risk via its role as the decoy receptor for both the RANK ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bone homeostasis is maintained by the interplay between the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), its soluble activation ligand (RANKL), and OPG. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the similarity in ligand-binding sites between mAChR subtypes, the paucity of selective agonists/antagonists as well as the expression of different subtypes of mAChRs in a given area constitute major obstacles to delineate cellular effects of a given subtype [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High resolution crystal structure of Adenosine A2 receptor (AA2AR) in complex with agonist UK-432097 makes possible rational design of small molecules specifically targeting C5' substitutions of the agonist ribose ring, making possible more high affinity and subtype selective binding and potentially ligand specific modulation of adenosine receptor function. (nih.gov)
  • High resolution crystal structure makes possible rational design of small molecules specifically targeting C5' substitutions of the agonist ribose ring, making possible more high affinity and subtype selective binding and potentially ligand specific modulation of adenosine receptor function. (nih.gov)
  • Freeze thaw will destroy a percentage in every cycle and should be avoided.Antibody for research use.The receptors are ligand binding factors of type 1, 2 or 3 and protein-molecules that receive chemical-signals from outside a cell. (antibodies-shop.com)
  • In this sense, am olfactory receptor is a protein-molecule that recognizes and responds to endogenous-chemical signals, chemokinesor cytokines e.g. an acetylcholine-receptor recognizes and responds to its endogenous-ligand, acetylcholine. (antibodies-shop.com)
  • In an effort to develop selective radioligands for in vivo imaging of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), we synthesized 5-iodo-3- (2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (5-iodo-A-85380) and labeled it with 125 I and 123 I. Here we present the results of experiments characterizing this radioiodinated ligand in vitro. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Binding of 5-[ 125 I]iodo-A-85380 in rat braiis reversible, and is characterized by high specificity and a slow rate of dissociation of the receptor-ligand complex (t(1/2) for dissociation ~2 h). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Disease-associated missense mutations in GluN2B subunit alter NMDA receptor ligand binding and ion channel properties. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This study aimed to evaluate the expression of PDGFRα, PDGFRβ and ligand PDGF-CC in breast cancer in relation to molecular subtypes and prognosis. (lu.se)
  • Single-cell RT-PCR analysis was used to identify the expression patterns of dopamine receptors. (nih.gov)
  • Three of the five classes of Bn receptor antagonists that interacted with higher affinity with the fBB 4 -R functioned as fBB 4 -R antagonists and two as partial agonists. (acs.org)
  • Whole-cell voltage clamp recording (V(h)=-70 mV) was combined with local or bath application of dopaminergic and glutamatergic agonists to explore dopamine receptor modulation of glutamatergic excitation. (nih.gov)
  • Agonists at serotonin 1D (5-HT 1D ) receptors relieve migraine headache but are not clinically used as general analgesics. (jneurosci.org)
  • The introduction of agonists that activate serotonin 1B (5-HT 1B ) and 5-HT 1D receptors (the "triptans") has revolutionized treatment for many migraineurs. (jneurosci.org)
  • Though adenosine has been extensively studied as a primary chemical scaffold for adenosine receptor agonists, very little structure activity data exist for C5' substitution. (nih.gov)
  • A number of novel selective agents are highlighted, some of which may prove useful for 5-HT2 receptor classification and, ultimately, clarify the mechanistic basis for current and future therapeutic strategies which target this receptor family. (nih.gov)
  • To characterize the family of proteins, a panel of subtype-selective antibodies was generated against recombinant muscarinic receptor proteins and shown to bind specifically to each of the cloned receptors. (jneurosci.org)
  • During CMG, M2 selective muscarinic receptor antagonist (methoctramine) and nonselective muscarinic receptor antagonist (tolterodine) were administrated intravesically. (urotoday.com)
  • This technology includes adenosine receptor binding compounds which could potentially be used for development of more selective and safe treatment of cardiovascular, psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. (nih.gov)
  • This technology presents novel rationally designed small molecule compounds capable of selective binding to adenosine receptor (subtypes A2a, A1, A2b and A3) and inducing effector-biased downstream signaling. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast to epibatidine, however, 5-iodo-A-85380 is more selective in binding to the α4β2 subtype than to other nAChR subtypes. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • abstract = "In an effort to develop selective radioligands for in vivo imaging of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), we synthesized 5-iodo-3- (2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (5-iodo-A-85380) and labeled it with 125I and 123I. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Our pharmacological studies showed that EDNRB2 binds with similar affinity to EDN 1, EDN 2, and EDN 3, further confirming that this receptor belongs to the B type, although it displays a low affinity for sarafotoxin-c, a known EDNRB- selective agonist. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In light of the information on the CNS spatial distribution of the different NMDAR subtypes, we conclude that the NMDAR's diverse responses to HP may lead to selective HP effects on different brain regions. (bgu.ac.il)
  • The effects of sleep deprivation on dopaminergic systems remain elusive, in part due to the lack of selective ligands for dopamine receptor subtypes. (wustl.edu)
  • Most patients had positive estrogen and progesterone receptors. (who.int)
  • 91.6 %), poorly differentiated with positive estrogen and progesterone receptors. (bvsalud.org)
  • carcinoma of non-special type, poorly differentiated and positive estrogen and progesterone receptors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Expression and pharmacological characterization of a canine 5-hydroxytryptamine1D receptor subtype. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We report the emergence and characterization of a novel H3N1 subtype of swine influenza virus (SIV) in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Characterization of receptors in a native system is a crucial issue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The surveillance community must continue to evolve in their characterization of cancers according to biomarkers for subtype classifications. (cdc.gov)
  • Using immunoprecipitation, three receptor proteins (m1, m2, and m4) accounted for the vast majority of the total solubilized muscarinic binding sites in rat brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results clarify the roles of these genetically defined receptor proteins in cholinergic transmission in brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • It is possible that M2 and M2 come from dif-ferent modification of receptor proteins, such as phosphorylation, methylation, association with other protein or polymerization. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to a family of ligands with an associated family of receptor proteins. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Activated TNF receptors mediate the association of distinct adaptor proteins that regulate a variety of signalling processes including kinase or phosphatase activation, lipase stimulation, and protease induction. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The structures of AMPA receptors in complex with auxiliary proteins are resolved by cryo-electron microscopy, and reveal conformational and permeation pathway changes that are associated with activation and desensitization of ionotropic glutamate receptors. (nature.com)
  • There are several types of NMDA receptors, made up of different combinations of proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Intrinsic brain RAS is an enzyme-neuropeptide system having functional components (angiotensinogen, peptidases, angiotensin, and specific receptor proteins) with important biological and neurobiological activities in the brain. (hindawi.com)
  • To establish the precise localization of presynaptic mGluRs in the rat hippocampus, we used subtype-specific antibodies for eight mGluRs (mGluR1-mGluR8) for immunohistochemistry combined with lesioning of the three major hippocampal pathways: the perforant path, mossy fiber, and Schaffer collateral. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The authors found antibodies to a variety of influenza subtypes, like H10N7, H4N6, H4N2, H3, and H1 viruses, these with wide geographic variation in seroprevalence. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, another commonly abused drug, cocaine, is shown to selectively inhibit particular nAChR subtypes with a potency in the low micromolar range by interacting with separate sites associated with the α4 and β4 nAChR subunits. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Objective To investigate the effects of group Ⅲ metabotropic glutamate receptors(mGluRs) subtypes on neuropathic pain. (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • Effects of group Ⅲ metabotropic glutamate receptors subtypes on neuropathic pain[J]. , doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.003 . (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • Neurotransmission in the hippocampus is modulated variously through presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). (elsevierpure.com)
  • CCh also decreased the paired-pulse inhibition of field potentials and the inhibitory conductances mediated by GABA A and GABA B receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this context metabotropic ACh receptors, termed muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs) [ 7 ] play a crucial role. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ablation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1-expressing neurons in rat trigeminal ganglia aggravated bone resorption in periodontitis with diabetes. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • We aimed to investigate the contribution of neurons expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) to alveolar bone homeostasis in periodontitis with diabetes. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Experimental and epidemiologic evidence demonstrates that different subtypes of avian influenza viruses can replicate in swine ( 4 - 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • mRNAs encoding five genetically distinct muscarinic ACh receptors are present in the CNS. (jneurosci.org)
  • We now report that HP (10.1 MPa) differentially affects eight specific NMDAR subtypes. (bgu.ac.il)
  • In an attempt to discover more potent ligands, we present here a docking study for ionotropic glutamate receptor subtype 6 which is important in many neurodegenerative diseases. (derpharmachemica.com)
  • Role of Angiotensin II Subtype 1 Receptor in Smooth Muscle Cells Apopt" by GENG WANG, GUO-XIANG HE et al. (jhkcc.com.hk)
  • In order to investigate the mechanism of smooth muscle cells apoptosis after balloon injury to vessel, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry were adopted to measure the percentage of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis and the expression of angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor (AT1 R). (jhkcc.com.hk)
  • The brain has shown the presence of various components of brain RAS such as angiotensinogen (AGT), converting enzymes, angiotensin (Ang), and specific receptors (ATR). (hindawi.com)
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) converts Ang I into angiotensin II (Ang II) which acts on an angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and angiotensin type 2 (AT2) receptor. (hindawi.com)
  • These receptor subtypes had marked differences in regional and cellular localization as shown by immunocytochemistry. (jneurosci.org)
  • This review addresses the structural basis of TNF signalling, the pathways employed with their cellular consequences, and focuses on the specific role played by each of the two TNF receptor isotypes, TNFRI and TNFR2. (uea.ac.uk)
  • MacEwan, David J. / TNF receptor subtype signalling: Differences and cellular consequences . (uea.ac.uk)
  • The viral structure that binds to the cellular receptor is the receptor-binding site, which is located on the globular part of the hemagglutinin (HA) monomer ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • However, the cellular effects induced by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) activation are poorly understood in the neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When such chemical-signals couple or bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue-response, e.g. a change in the electrical-activity of a cell. (antibodies-shop.com)
  • Analysis of cellular receptors shows that raccoons have avian and human type receptors with a similar distribution as found in human respiratory tracts. (cdc.gov)
  • Stereospecificity patterns may provide support for the concept of the opiate receptor subclasses as biochemically distinct entities. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • This numerical discrepancy may have distinct functional implications for how triptans modulate afferent activity and emphasizes the importance of knowing the neurochemical properties of the primary afferents bearing the triptan receptors. (jneurosci.org)
  • Somatostatin (SRIH) inhibits cell proliferation by interacting with five distinct SRIH receptor subtypes (SSTRs) activating several pathways in many tissues. (unife.it)
  • However, stable fBB 4 -R cell lines were obtained in CHO-K1 cells which were shown to faithfully demonstrate the correct pharmacology of the related Bn receptor, the GRP receptor, when expressed in these cells. (acs.org)
  • In this article, Gordon Baxter and colleagues examine the pharmacology of both officially recognized and atypical 5-HT2 receptor subtypes. (nih.gov)
  • There was a close correlation between agonist the receptor occupation and the receptor activation. (acs.org)
  • n=28), while the D2/3 receptor agonist quinpirole (10 microM) had no effect. (nih.gov)
  • The improvement of therapeutic approaches using specific mAChR modulators is further impeded by a lack of established and validated protocol to screen efficacy of different mAChR agonist/antagonist at native receptors in neocortical slices. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study observed reduced breast cancer risk among women with comparatively high OPG concentrations, but given a small number of incident cases ( n = 76), risk by tumor subtypes (e.g., by estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status) was not investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oncologists altered their treatment plans in 31 % of patients whose tumor subtype had changed. (springer.com)
  • In spite of the relevance of receptor status, the choice of systemic treatment for advanced disease is more often based on the biological characteristics of the primary tumor at the time of initial diagnosis than of the recurrent lesion at the time of relapse. (springer.com)
  • Being aware of the benefits that the correct systemic therapy provides to patients with advanced breast cancer, the Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group (GEICAM) performed a prospective, observational study to determine the conversion rate of receptor status (ER, PR and HER2) between the primary tumor and the recurrent lesion. (springer.com)
  • For example, the 2015 annual report showed breast cancer incidence by molecular subtypes using tumor biomarkers for hormone receptor (HR) and human growth factor-neu receptor (HER2) expression. (cdc.gov)
  • We have isolated the corresponding genomic clone for RDC4, have expressed this clone in murine LM (tk-) fibroblasts, and have determined that it encodes a serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine1D (5-HT1D) receptor. (aspetjournals.org)
  • abstract = "Paired stereoisomers of compounds active at the proposed μ,κ and σ classes of opiate receptors display differing stereoselectivity patterns at the receptor subtypes. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • abstract = "Endothelin 3 (EDN 3) and the endothelin receptor B (EDNRB) are involved in the development of neural crest and particularly of the melanocytes and the enteric nervous system. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We studied the role of muscarinic receptor subtype on urothelium and detrusor in rats with detrusor overactivity induced by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). (urotoday.com)
  • Detrusor overactivity induced by BOO in rat is mainly mediated by M3 muscarinic receptor in detrusor, and by M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in urothelium. (urotoday.com)
  • It seems to need to ascertain the existence of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in the detrusor overactivity induced by BOO in rat. (urotoday.com)
  • Obesity and elevated breast density are common risk factors for breast cancer, and their effects may vary by estrogen receptor (ER) subtype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, breast cancer is biologically heterogeneous, with the main distinction being estrogen receptor (ER) status. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The objective of this study was to determine the conversion rate of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) between primary tumors and metastatic lesions in advanced breast cancer. (springer.com)
  • The status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the hormone receptors (HR), including estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), are the most relevant biomarkers for clinical practice, predicting response to anti-HER2 and endocrine therapies, respectively. (springer.com)
  • D1 and D2 dopamine receptor mRNA was detected in 11/22 and 3/22 of isolated neurons, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • Our results provide direct evidence for modulation by dopamine of glutamatergic responses of striatal medium spiny neurons, and demonstrate that the effects of this neuromodulator are receptor subtype specific. (nih.gov)
  • In conclusion, the δ subunit gene promoter/upstream region contains the information for neuronal subtype-specific expression in the entire brain except in the cerebellum and is selectively active in primary cortical neurons in vitro. (psu.edu)
  • The strong functional union of this family is reflected in the paucity of ligands that will discriminate between its subtypes and prompts some re-evaluation of the activities of compounds which may now be regarded as nonselective for the receptor subtypes in this class. (nih.gov)
  • These data indicate that the gene RDC4 encodes a functional 5-HT1D receptor. (aspetjournals.org)
  • A shortage of this protein may reduce the number of functional NMDA receptors, which would reduce receptor activity in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Markers specific for nerve subtypes are required to relate changes to functional alterations. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, swine cells also contain sialyl α2,3-galactose-linkage, the receptor for avian influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • We report here the cloning by reverse transcriptase-PCR of an avian cDNA encoding a subtype of EDNR, which we have called EDNRB2, because its deduced amino acid sequence is more closely related to that of EDNRB than to either the mammalian EDNRA or to the Xenopus EDNRC. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 3D theoretical modeling was aimed at revealing specific receptor domains involved with HP selectivity. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Khabibrakhmanov I.I. The effect of α1 -adrenergic receptor subtypes blockade on the rat myocardium inotropy / I.I. Khabibrakhmanov, N.I. Ziyatdinova, T.L. Zefirov // Journal of Pharmacy Research. (kpfu.ru)
  • Serotonergic ligands displaced specific [3H]5-HT binding with a rank order of potency expected of a 5-HT1D receptor subtype, 5-carboxyamidotryptamine greater than 5-HT greater than yohimbine greater than 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin greater than ketanserin = spiperone greater than zacopride. (aspetjournals.org)
  • However, the (-) isomers are only moderately more potent than the (+) isomers at displacing [ 3 H]ethylketocyclazocine from κ receptors in an assay controlled for radioligand binding to μ receptors, and the (+) and (-) isomers are similar in potency for displacement of [ 3 H]phencyclidine (PCP) from σ receptors. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Recently, a fourth member of the bombesin (Bn) receptor family (fBB 4 -R) was isolated from a cDNA library from the brain of the frog, Bombina orientalis . (acs.org)
  • Publications] X.M. Zhou: 'The SH-H subgroup of cardiac M_2 receptors (M_2 ) inhibits adenulate cyclase activity. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Mast cells secrete histamine that inhibits vasoconstriction via H2 receptors on smooth muscle cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The m1-protein was present in cortex and striatum and was localized to cell bodies and neurites, consistent with its role as a major postsynaptic muscarinic receptor. (jneurosci.org)
  • Model of M2 receptor from side- (left) and extracellular- (right) view shows 7 blue α helices spanning the membrane, bound antagonists quinuclidinyl bezilate (green) and amino acids contributing to major intramolecular interactions. (cas.cz)
  • Receptor mRNA co-expression was detected in 1/22 cells tested. (nih.gov)
  • OPG binds RANKL as a decoy receptor, inhibiting the activation of RANK by RANKL and preventing the differentiation of bone marrow precursor (monocyte/macrophage) cells to osteoclasts - cells that are central in the process of bone resorption [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RDC4 is an intronless gene encoding a protein of 377 amino acids, which exhibits greatest sequence identity (43%) to the 5-HT1A receptor and lower overall homology to other serotonergic and catecholaminergic receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Four subtypes (M1-M4) in muscarinic receptors (mACh-R) were discovered by the method of gene technology. (nii.ac.jp)
  • They contain a gene pool of all subtypes of influenza A viruses ( 1 ), and phylogenetic analysis suggests that transmission of influenza A virus among various species can occur. (cdc.gov)
  • The promoter of the GABA(A) receptor δ subunit gene was analyzed in transgenic mice and in cultured cells to study sequences involved in neuronal subtype-specific gene expression. (psu.edu)
  • Bilateral intra-Acb infusions of the D1-like dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390 (0.05, 0.5µg/side) or the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist raclopride (0.5-5.0µg/side) were administered 30min before each ethanol conditioning trial (acquisition studies) or before preference tests (expression studies). (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusions: High PDGFRα and PDGF-CC expression were linked to breast cancer with an aggressive biological phenotype, e.g. the TNBC subtype, and high PDGF-CC increased the risk of 5-year distant recurrence. (lu.se)
  • fBB 4 -R expression in cells widely used for other Bn receptor subtypes was unsuccessful as was expression in two frog cell lines. (acs.org)
  • The transgene expression pattern in the cerebral cortex, hippocampal formation, thalamus, and brainstem was consistent with the regional and neuronal subtype-specific expression of the endogenous δ subunit protein in both developing and mature brain. (psu.edu)
  • These mice provide a useful tool for investigating activity-dependent regulation of GABA(A) receptor expression under physiological and pathological conditions. (psu.edu)
  • Role of nucleus accumbens dopamine receptor subtypes in the learning and expression of alcohol-seeking behavior. (bvsalud.org)
  • These studies examined the roles of dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors within the nucleus accumbens (Acb) in the acquisition and expression of ethanol -induced (2g/kg) conditioned place preference (CPP) in adult male DBA/2J mice . (bvsalud.org)
  • Vibration white finger is likely driven by somatosympathetic reflex activation, increased á2c adrenergic receptor expression and endothelin-1 release. (cdc.gov)
  • Purpose: The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling pathway is often dysregulated in cancer and PDGF-receptor expression has been linked to unfavourable prognostic factors in breast cancer (e.g. (lu.se)
  • Tumour cells displayed high expression of PDGFRα in 20%, and PDGF-CC in 21% of primary tumours, which correlated with the triple-negative subtype (TNBC). (lu.se)
  • From 1930 to 1998, classic H1N1 viruses were the predominantly isolated subtype from US swine. (cdc.gov)
  • Immunolabeling for the group III receptors was predominantly observed in presynaptic active zones of asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses, whereas that for the group II receptor (mGluR2) was found in preterminal rather than terminal portions of axons. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We investigated the role of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase alpha (PIP5Kα), a key upstream factor of PI3K/AKT, and the therapeutic effect of PIP5Kα inhibitor on subtypes of BC. (lu.se)
  • Our data indicate that the subtype 2 receptor-mediated antiproliferative effect of SRIH on TT cell proliferation may be exerted through a decrease in cyclin D1 levels. (unife.it)
  • The m4-receptor was enriched in neostriatum, olfactory tubercle, and islands of Calleja, indicating an important role in extrapyramidal function. (jneurosci.org)
  • This study provides the first prospective data on OPG and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor subtype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We provide the first prospective data on OPG and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status, in a large nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, when analyzing breast cancer across ER subtype, we found a statistically significant ( p = 0.008) interaction between percent density and BMI in premenopausal women only. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, the 12th St Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference Expert Panel recommends that the subtype classification of breast cancer, namely 'HR positive' (including 'luminal A' and 'luminal B' tumors), 'HER2 amplified' and 'triple negative,' should guide the treatment plan for breast cancer patients. (springer.com)
  • Despite recent improvement in adjuvant therapies, triple-negative, and ER+ subtypes of breast cancer (BC) with metastatic potentials remain the leading cause of BC-related deaths. (lu.se)
  • Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among wom- but not in limited-resource settings with weak health en worldwide, affecting 2.1 million women annually and systems (4) . (who.int)
  • High affinity [3H] 5-HT binding was unchanged using assay conditions [1 microM (+/- )-pindolol and 1 microM (R)-(+/- )-SCH 23390) to pharmacologically mask 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1C receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Chimeric receptor subunits and site-directed mutants were used to localize sequence determinants of cocaine affinity to: 1) a region of α4 located between residues 128 and 267 and 2) a site within the pore-lining M2 domain of β4 that includes the 13′ phenylalanine residue. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The report showed that HR+/HER2- breast cancers, the subtype with the best prognosis, were the most common with highest rates among non-Hispanic white women, local stage cases, and low poverty areas. (cdc.gov)
  • Publications] A. Mizushima: 'The H-L subgroup of guinea-pig cardiac M_2 receptors (M_2 ) regulates formation of inositol phosphates. (nii.ac.jp)
  • a few axons penetrate to lamina V. At the ultrastructural level, 5-HT 1D receptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn are localized exclusively within dense core vesicles of synaptic terminals. (jneurosci.org)
  • However, m2 was also present in noncholinergic cortical and subcortical structures, providing evidence that this subtype may presynaptically modulate release of other neurotransmitters and/or function postsynaptically. (jneurosci.org)
  • The GluN2B protein is one component (subunit) of a subset of specialized protein structures called NMDA receptors. (medlineplus.gov)