• These combined structure-function studies therefore explain the dramatic increase in catalytic activity of the DA1472 variant for bulky aldehyde substrates. (rcsb.org)
  • Finally, observations made while studying an aldehyde dehydrogenase that oxidizes PnAA to phosphonoacetate are reported. (illinois.edu)
  • Deficient activity of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase component of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase in cultured fibroblasts. (jci.org)
  • FAO is a complex enzyme which consists of two separate proteins that sequentially catalyze the oxidation of fatty alcohol to fatty aldehyde and fatty acid. (jci.org)
  • To determine which enzymatic component of FAO was deficient in SLS, we assayed fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) and fatty alcohol dehydrogenase in cultured fibroblasts from seven unrelated SLS patients. (jci.org)
  • The extent of FALDH deficiency in SLS cells depended on the aliphatic aldehyde used as substrate, ranging from 62% of mean normal activity using propionaldehyde as substrate to 8% of mean normal activity with octadecanal. (jci.org)
  • These results show that the primary enzymatic defect in SLS is the FALDH component of the FAO complex, which leads to deficient oxidation of fatty aldehyde derived from fatty alcohol. (jci.org)
  • Through interaction with aldehyde dehydrogenase, ethylene glycol is then metabolized to glycolic acid (GA), which accumulates and can cause a profound metabolic acidosis. (medscape.com)
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase family, Iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • which is catalyzed by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric nadp-preferring. (hmdb.ca)
  • Through interaction with aldehyde dehydrogenase, ethylene glycol is then metabolized to glycolic acid (GA). A profound acidosis often ensues with this intoxication which is attributable to the glycolic acid in circulation. (medscape.com)
  • Objective -To determine and compare substrate specificity and kinetic rate constants of feline and canine alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) with ethanol (EtOH) and ethylene glycol (EG) as substrates in vitro, with and without fomepizole. (avma.org)
  • Results -Substrate specificity of canine and feline ADH for EtOH or EG was not significantly different. (avma.org)
  • Although SORD is closely related to the class I long-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, it differs in substrate specificity, catalyzing polyols such as sorbitol and xylitol but having no activity towards primary alcohols. (novusbio.com)
  • Substrate specificity was also maintained, and the sensor responded well to ethanol with a sufficient dynamic range. (iitani.com)
  • Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), a member of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase protein family and the second enzyme of the polyol pathway of glucose metabolism, converts sorbitol to fructose strictly using NAD(+) as coenzyme. (novusbio.com)
  • BbsH, a member of the enoyl-CoA hydratase family, converts (E)-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA to 2-(α-hydroxybenzyl)succinyl-CoA and was subsequently used in a coupled enzyme assay with BbsCD, which belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductase (SDR) family. (nih.gov)
  • We revealed that SsPDO is the substrate of a thioredoxin reductase in S. solfataricus (K-M 0.3 mu M) and not thioredoxins (TrxA1 and TrxA2). (cnr.it)
  • While redox (reductase, oxidative and isomerase) activities of SsPDO point to its central role in the biochemistry of cytoplasmic disulfide bonds, chaperone activities also on an endogenous substrate suggest a potential role in the stabilization of intracellular proteins. (cnr.it)
  • Previously we also observed that ethanol production inhibited glycolysis at the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) reaction, and that the GapDH enzyme from T. saccharolyticum was less sensitive to inhibition by NADH, compared to the native C. thermocellum enzyme [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The ET strain has a G609D variant in Cphy3925 AdhE, a putative acetaldehyde-CoA dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (researchgate.net)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74323","adhE","Escherichia coli","fused acetaldehyde-CoA dehydrogenase/iron-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase/pyruvate-formate lyase deactivase [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The enzymatic requirements for EtOH to inhibit RA biosynthesis were studied using inhibitors of the middle-chain alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), 4-methylpyrazole (4MP), or the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductases, carbenoxolone (CBX) and chloral hydrate (CH). Late blastula stage embryos were treated with EtOH alone or in combination with 4MP (a,b), CH (c,d) or CBX (e,f). (xenbase.org)
  • Expression and kinetic characterization of recombinant human stomach alcohol dehydrogenase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gene encoding a (2 R ,3 R )-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus erythropolis WZ010 (ReBDH) was over-expressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting recombinant ReBDH was successfully purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. (mdpi.com)
  • Full length recombinant protein of human Sorbitol Dehydrogenase (NP_003095) produced in HEK293T cells. (novusbio.com)
  • We focus our particular attention at application of hydrolytic enzymes (in particular lipases) in kinetic resolutions of racemic alcohols or esters, but more recently, thanks to co-operation with Prof. Wolfgang Kroutil from The University of Graz, we also extended our research towards stereoselective biocatalytic (hydrogen transfer) reductions of prochiral ketones and keto-esters catalyzed by recombinant alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and/or wild-type microbial whole cells. (edu.pl)
  • There are currently no images for Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Antibody (NBP2-42653FR). (novusbio.com)
  • We show that formaldehyde is a common substrate of ALDH2 and ADH5 and establish methods to quantify elevated blood formaldehyde and formaldehyde-DNA adducts in tissues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Screening identified Co III -salen catalysts with β-pinene- and α-naphthylalanine-derived chiral scaffolds with broad, yet complementary, substrate specificities. (nebraska.edu)
  • These experiments identified the N151G/L259V double mutant (dubbed DA1472) as the most active variant with this substrate via a two-step evolutionary pathway, in which each step consisted of one point mutation. (rcsb.org)
  • The catalytic activity of DA1472 with the physiological substrate (S)-lactaldehyde and a series of substituted phenylacetaldehyde derivatives were systematically quantified and compared with that of wild-type as well as with the corresponding point-mutation variants (N151G and L259V). (rcsb.org)
  • At its peak, global ABE production reached more than 500 metric tons per annum, but eventually the ABE process was phased out owing to limited selectivity to one desired product and high substrate costs and was continued in only a few countries, such as South Africa and Taiwan, until the 1980s 7 . (nature.com)
  • Procedure -Canine and feline ADH activity, in cytosolic fractions of homogenized liver, was determined by use of various concentrations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), EtOH, or EG as substrates. (avma.org)
  • Theoretical computations (molecular dynamics and combined quantum chemical and molecular mechanical geometry optimisations) have been performed on horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. (lu.se)
  • This study characterizes two enzymes of this pathway, (E)-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA hydratase (BbsH), and (S,R)-2-(α-hydroxybenzyl)succinyl-CoA dehydrogenase (BbsCD) from Thauera aromatica. (nih.gov)
  • The more substrate is present, the greater the initial velocity, because enzymes act to bind to their substrates. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on carbon-carbon bonds. (bvsalud.org)
  • This enzyme group includes all the enzymes that introduce double bonds into substrates by direct dehydrogenation of carbon-carbon single bonds. (bvsalud.org)
  • We also evaluated the enzymatic activity of the microorganisms in enantioselective oxidation reactions, by using derivatives of substituted para ( RS )-1- phenylethanol as substrates. (usp.br)
  • Among the studied microorganisms, 15 psychrophile/psychrotrophic and 11 mesophilic strains contain alcohol dehydrogenases that catalyze the ( S )-enantiomer oxidation of racemic alcohols to its corresponding ketone. (usp.br)
  • Moreover, 6 mesophilic microorganisms showed alcohol dehydrogenases that catalyze the R )-enantiomer oxidation of racemic alcohols to its corresponding ketone. (usp.br)
  • Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an inherited disorder associated with impaired fatty alcohol oxidation due to deficient activity of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase (FAO). (jci.org)
  • Intact SLS fibroblasts oxidized octadecanol to fatty acid at less than 10% of the normal rate, but oxidized free octadecanal normally, suggesting that the FALDH affected in SLS is chiefly involved in the oxidation of fatty alcohol to fatty acid. (jci.org)
  • Pharmacological inhibition of the embryonic alcohol dehydrogenase activity, prevents the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde that in turn functions as a RALDH2 inhibitor. (xenbase.org)
  • In other words, the substrate and product of the reaction are isomers . (cliffsnotes.com)
  • At the end of the reaction, equilibrium is reached, no net conversion of substrate to product occurs, and either curve approaches the horizontal. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Just as any other chemical reaction can be favored by increasing the concentration of a reactant, the formation of an enzyme‐substrate complex can be favored by a higher concentration of substrate. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH7 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Styrene is a CYP450 substrate (Sumner and Fennell, 1994). (cdc.gov)
  • Acetaldehyde inhibits retinoic acid biosynthesis to mediate alcohol teratogenicity. (xenbase.org)
  • Alcohol consumption during pregnancy induces Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), which has been proposed to arise from competitive inhibition of retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis. (xenbase.org)
  • Ethanol-dependent retinoic acid inhibition requires middle-chain alcohol dehydrogenases. (xenbase.org)
  • X-ray crystallographic analysis led to the identification of the crucial structural elements involved in substrate recognition by the evolved synthetase. (cipsm.de)
  • BbsD subunits are catalytically active and capable of binding NAD + and substrate, whereas BbsC subunits represent built-in pseudoenzyme moieties lacking all motifs of the SDR family required for substrate binding or catalysis. (nih.gov)
  • Because if the substrate concentration gets high enough, the enzyme spends all its time carrying out catalysis and no time waiting to bind substrate. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Fomepizole K i in feline hepatic homogenates was significantly greater than K i in canine hepatic homogenates when either EtOH or EG was used as substrate (10- and 30-fold, respectively). (avma.org)
  • There is a 9000-fold increase in activity, when expressed as k cat /K M values, for DA1472 compared with wild-type FucO for the phenylacetaldehyde substrate. (rcsb.org)
  • FALDH activity in obligate SLS heterozygotes was partially decreased to 49 +/- 7% of mean normal activity using octadecanal as substrate. (jci.org)
  • Corn embryo orientation in relation to a moist substrate also significantly impacted oxygen bioavailability to the embryo and hence ADHase activity. (researchgate.net)
  • In mutant plants, CAD activity and abundance of cad RNA transcript are low, and free CAD substrate accumulates to a high level. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The crystal structure of DA1472 complexed with a non-reactive analog of this substrate (3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide) suggests the mode of binding of the bulky group of the new substrate. (rcsb.org)
  • This hypothesis was further evaluated through a combination of substrate analog incubations, site-directed mutants, and 18O KIE studies. (illinois.edu)
  • In the embryo , RA production by RALDH2 (ALDH1A2), the main retinaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed at that stage, is inhibited by ethanol exposure. (xenbase.org)
  • A 2-fold difference was detected in the maximal velocity of canine, compared with feline, ADH, using either substrate. (avma.org)
  • Lignin composition in this mutant shows dramatic modifications, including increased incorporation of the substrate of CAD (coniferaldehyde), indicating that CAD may modulate lignin composition in pine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This precompiled information serves as a substrate and matrix to embed your contributions, but it is by no means the final word - Homo sapiens can do much better! (wikigenes.org)
  • Enzymatic kinetic analysis of human RALDH2 shows a preference for acetaldehyde as a substrate over retinaldehyde. (xenbase.org)