• Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to detect the relationships among 12 wild accessions and 62 groundcover chrysanthemum cultivars. (ashs.org)
  • Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and Microsatellite DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rapid molecular identification and typing methods that may be useful include 16S rRNA gene sequencing, random amplified polymorphic DNA and a combination polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis ( 39 , 116 ). (antimicrobe.org)
  • D. Karam, P. Westra, S. J. Niessen, M. W. Sarah and J. E. F. Figueiredo, "Assessment of Silver-Stained AFLP Markers for Studying DNA Polymorphism in Proso Millet (Panicummiliaceum L.)," Revista Brasileira de Botanica, Vol. 29, No. 4, 2006, pp. 609-615. (scirp.org)
  • sessed, out of which 249 were polymorphic revealing 96.13% polymorphism. (scirp.org)
  • This field of genetics emerged from the availability of several studies with classical molecular markers, such as isozymes, RAPD, AFLP, and microsatellites. (intechopen.com)
  • Large numbers of DNA markers and other genomic tools in proso millet can readily be developed by using genomic resources in related grasses. (scirp.org)
  • A total of 548 SSR markers were tested on 8 proso millet genotypes. (scirp.org)
  • Out of these, 339 amplified SSR markers in proso millet. (scirp.org)
  • Of these 339 markers , 254 were highly polymorphic among the 8 proso genotypes. (scirp.org)
  • The r esolving power of these 254 polymorphic SSR markers ranged from 0.25 - 14.75 with an average of 2.71. (scirp.org)
  • The 254 polymorphic SSR markers amplified 984 alleles in the ranges of 50 bp to 1300 bp. (scirp.org)
  • The m ajority of the SSR markers (221 of 254) amplified dinucleotide repeats. (scirp.org)
  • Switchgrass genomic information seems to be the most useful for developing DNA markers in proso millet. (scirp.org)
  • A number of markers are now available to detect nuclear DNA polymorphisms. (intechopen.com)
  • In genetic diversity studies, the most frequently used markers are microsatellites. (intechopen.com)
  • Population genetic studies enabled the detection of population structure with those markers, but a more comprehensive analysis of natural populations was only possible with the development of statistical methods that combined both molecular data and environmental variables. (intechopen.com)
  • 4, 5 The process involves use of many evenly spaced polymorphic DNA markers to create landmarks across each chromosome. (bmj.com)
  • In this study we have increased the density of microsatellite markers 2- to 5-fold in each of several major RI sets that share C57BL/6 as a parental strain (AXB, BXA, BXD, BXH, and CXB). (nervenet.org)
  • This review gives a brief summary on the development of genetic markers including both the classical genetic markers and more advanced DNA-based molecular markers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In earlier studies, morphological markers and eco-geographical factors were used to represent diversity, and after that, chromosomal karyotyping was developed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By the 1980s, many different types of DNA molecular markers had been explored, e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All of these DNA-based markers contain specific advantages and have played significant roles in the evaluation of genetic diversity in farm animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The dendrogram based on combined data of molecular and biochemical markers grouped the 16 faba bean genotypes into three clusters. (ppjonline.org)
  • In this investigation, we aimed to detect some biochemical and/or molecular markers related to resistant genes for FW disease in some genotypes of faba bean. (ppjonline.org)
  • Therefore, these markers can be used in the early selection of resistant genotypes to provide the effort and cost resulting from the use of traditional breeding methods. (ppjonline.org)
  • In the present study, a total of 99 accessions of Brassicaceae family, including 84 mustard (50 oilseed and 34 vegetable types) in China and 15 other Brassicaceae accessions were evaluated for their genetic diversity using nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers. (mdpi.com)
  • We used three chloroplast (cpDNA) fragments ( psb A- trn H, trn L- rpl 32 and trn Q-5′ rps 16), the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), and co-dominant SSR and dominant ISSR markers to study natural hybridization between L. duciformis and L. paradoxa growing sympatrically in two locations. (peerj.com)
  • Residual heterozygosity in the initial inbreds can partly explain the observed responses as evidenced by 42 markers derived from both Methyl-Sensitive Amplification- and Amplified Fragment Length- Polymorphisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From a mapping population of 288 recombinant haploid gametophytes, genotyped at 121 polymorphic AFLP loci, three gene-based â ¦ We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. (oosteinde.info)
  • From a mapping population of 288 recombinant haploid gametophytes, genotyped at 121 polymorphic AFLP loci, three gene-based … The forthcoming C. purpureus genome will build on these existing resources and enable us to answer definitively many questions regarding the evolution of land plant gene families, genome structure, and the genetic basis of adaptive variation. (oosteinde.info)
  • Past studies have mapped four susceptibility loci (Pas1-4) for pulmonary adenoma in which A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice have different alleles that affect incidence and multiplicity of tumours. (bmj.com)
  • As a result, loci that segregate in RI sets can often be mapped with impressive precisions without genotyping. (nervenet.org)
  • The sex is principally determined by genotype in all species, but the mechanisms range from a single controlling locus to sex chromosomes bearing several linked loci required for sex determination. (researchgate.net)
  • Premise of the study: We developed and tested primers for 218 nuclear loci for studying population genetics, phylogeography, and genome evolution in bryophytes. (oosteinde.info)
  • Using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing, a genetic map composed of 6,434 loci, including 6,295 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 139 simple sequence repeat loci, was developed from RIL population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the release of a genome wide SNPs database, it has become feasible to analyse these genetically determined QTLs for genes polymorphic in these strains. (bmj.com)
  • Previously, classical genetic studies involving cross breeding of mouse strains with differing susceptibilities have identified chromosomal areas associated with predisposition to developing spontaneous and chemically induced lung adenomas. (bmj.com)
  • Genotypes of more than 100 RI strains were extensively error checked and regenotyped. (nervenet.org)
  • We provide two-locus correlograms that can be used to detect and correct for non-syntenic association and to reduce error rates in QTL mapping studies that exploit RI strains. (nervenet.org)
  • A third advantage of RI strains is that genotypes generated by different groups using a variety of methods can be pooled to generate high-density linkage maps. (nervenet.org)
  • Increased understanding of plant genetics and the development of powerful and easier-to-use gene editing tools over the past century have revolutionized humankind's ability to deliver precise genotypes in crops. (frontiersin.org)
  • Plant transformation techniques are well developed for making transgenic varieties in certain crops and model organisms, yet reagent delivery and plant regeneration remain key bottlenecks to applying the technology of gene editing to most crops. (frontiersin.org)
  • Some examples include delivering DNA-free gene editing reagents such as ribonucleoproteins or mRNA, relying on reagent expression from non-integrated DNA, using novel delivery mechanisms such as viruses or nanoparticles, using unconventional selection methods to avoid integration of transgenes, and/or avoiding tissue culture altogether. (frontiersin.org)
  • Gene editing tools are being applied in basic research to close the knowledge gap, but the requirements for gene editing techniques for agriculture are different than those for research. (frontiersin.org)
  • And the gene, EMF2 , is promising for further study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 107. Palumbo F, Qi P, Pinto VB, Devos KM, Barcaccia G (2019) Construction of the first SNP-based linkage map using genotyping-by-sequencing and mapping of the male-sterility gene in leaf chicory. (uga.edu)
  • Antisense is the non-coding DNA strand of a gene. (genome.gov)
  • These species were validated primarily on the basis of DNA-DNA hybridization, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, antimicrobial susceptibility and biochemical profiles, and, to a lesser degree, on high-performance liquid chromatography ( 22 , 54 , 55 , 69 ). (antimicrobe.org)
  • This study provides useful guidelines for more comprehensive investigations, particularly on the interrelationships between degrees of cloning and capacity of sexual reproduction, amounts of multilocus gene associations, effects of heterozygosity on cloning success, and sustainability of different forest management types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Its principle is based on the use of DNA polymerase which is an in vitro replication of specific DNA sequences. (intechopen.com)
  • Ultimately, the rapid development of sequencing technologies allowed studies at the genomic level, augmenting the resolution of association with environment factors. (intechopen.com)
  • One could say the primary limitation to crop improvement is no longer, "can we make a precise sequence change in a precise location in eukaryotic genomic DNA? (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, we examined genomic studies on some endangered cattle breeds. (scirp.org)
  • An allele is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location. (genome.gov)
  • In contrast, interactions between genes and the environment cannot usually be studied using conventional mapping populations in which each animal is unique. (nervenet.org)
  • The study would also allow researchers to improve crops by learning how sex-linked genes and reproductive processes could control or enhance plant fertility. (oosteinde.info)
  • MHC genes are perhaps the most thoroughly studied example of adaptive molecular evolution, representing a classic example of balancing selection [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • H. K. M. Ribu and K. W. Hilu, "Detection of Interspecific and Intraspecific Variation in Panicummillets through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA," Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Vol. 88, 1994, pp. 412-416. (scirp.org)
  • We can therefore amplify nucleotide sequences from infinitesimal amounts of DNA extract. (intechopen.com)
  • Adenine (A) is one of the four nucleotide bases in DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). Within a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine bases on one strand pair with thymine bases on the opposite strand. (genome.gov)
  • Moreover, mt intergenic region can provide valuable phylogenetic information to study the biogeography of the fungus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Assuming that mice were infected with a single Sin Nombre virus genotype, phylogenetic analyses revealed that 10% (2/20) of viruses were reassortants, similar to the 14% (6/43) found in a previous report. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Portions of the Sin Nombre virus small (S) and medium (M) RNA segments were amplified by RT-PCR from kidney, lung, liver and spleen of seropositive peromyscine rodents, principally deer mice, collected in Colorado, New Mexico and Montana from 1995 to 2007. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subsequent investigations of genotypes of North American hantaviruses, principally of SNV, have indicated or suggested that, virus lineages occur in relative, if discontinuous geographic isolation and may yet be monophyletic, irrespective of geographic distribution. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aspergillus fumigatus , the epidemiology and evolution tionwide study of scedosporiosis in Australia (2003-2005) of human infections caused by uncommon but emerging and 46 additional isolates were genotyped by internal tran- fungi are incompletely understood. (cdc.gov)
  • Reports have been limited to antimicrobial susceptibility test results of clinical isolates, usually from reference laboratories, animal studies and case summaries ( 19 , 78 ). (antimicrobe.org)
  • Huge numbers of genotypes have been created by cultivation and breeding over thousands of years ( Anderson, 2006 ). (ashs.org)
  • Cultivation of the resistant genotypes is the most effective method for integrated management of the disease and remarkable reduced the incidence of the wilt disease on faba bean. (ppjonline.org)
  • Population genetic studies deal with allele frequencies and processes that shape their variation within and among populations. (intechopen.com)
  • Genetic variation among faba bean genotypes is imperative for their efficient utilization in plant breeding programs and effective conservation. (ppjonline.org)
  • The present study revealed th e distant variation within the species of Phyllan thus. (scirp.org)
  • 111. Hadizadeh H, Bahri BA, Qi P, Wilde HD, Devos KM (2020) Intra-and interspecific diversity analyses in the genus Eremurus in Iran using genotyping-by-sequencing reveal geographic population structure. (uga.edu)
  • A critical study of the genus Bryopsis Lamour. (pakbs.org)
  • is a globally distributed genus of soil-borne entomopathogenic hyphomycetes that is preferred as a model system for the study of entomopathogenesis and the biological control of pest insects [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most abundant species of the genus is Beauveria bassiana , found in a wide host range of nearly 750 insect species, with extended studies on host-pathogen interactions at the molecular level and all the prerequisite knowledge for its commercial production [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • B. brongniartii , the second most common species of the genus, has narrow host specificity and is well-studied as the pathogen of the European cockchafer ( Melolontha melolontha ), a pest in permanent grasslands and orchards [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mitochondrial (mt) genomes, due to their properties to evolve faster than the nuclear DNA, to contain introns and mobile elements and to exhibit extended polymorphisms, are ideal tools to examine genetic diversity within fungal populations and genetically identify a species or a particular isolate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cannabis sativa L. is one of the best studied species under the aspect of genetic determinism of the sex, but the problem is not yet entirely deciphered. (researchgate.net)
  • This knowledge base is far from complete for all useful traits in all crops, with the majority of studies and commercial applications focusing on model species or widely grown, annual crops. (frontiersin.org)
  • From a co-evolutionary standpoint, the divergence of the two phylogroups raises species level questions in O. h. robertsoni and also argues for future studies relative to the distinctness of the respective parasites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a previous study, Ligularia × maoniushanensis was demonstrated as a natural hybrid species between L. duciformis and L . paradoxa based on morphological and reproductive traits. (peerj.com)
  • The two most important species, B. bassiana and B. brongniartii , have already been used as biological control agents of pests in agriculture and as models for the study of insect host - pathogen interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development. (lookformedical.com)
  • The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments. (lookformedical.com)
  • The eponymous Brugada Syndrome (BrS) in honor of its discovery as an independent entity by the Spanish/Catalan Brugada brothers, Pedro and Josep, has deserved numerous denominations derived mainly from the clinical genotype/phenotype correlation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The last "new clinical-cardiologic syndrome" described in the 20th century, named as the eponymous Brugada Syndrome (BrS) in honor of its discovery as an independent entity by the Spanish/Catalan Brugada brothers, Pedro and Josep, has deserved numerous denominations derived mainly from the clinical genotype/phenotype correlation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, the following questions were addressed: 1) the phylogeography of the two O. h. robertsoni phylogroups, 2) regional and local population structure in space and time, and 3) patterns of local dispersal under different isolation-by-distance scenarios. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mammalian genome comprises nuclear DNA (nDNA) derived from both parents and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited and encodes essential proteins required for oxidative phosphorylation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Indeed, if the sequence of interest is present in the DNA extract, it is possible to selectively replicate it (we speak of amplification) in very large numbers. (intechopen.com)
  • 80] present a pilot clinical study evaluating the feasibility of endoscopic transluminal omental patch closure for perforated peptic selleck chemicals llc ulcers, with the hypothesis that the technique will be successful at closing ulcer perforations, as evidenced by intraoperative leak test and post operative water-soluble contrast studies. (hsp-signal.com)
  • Based on critical assessment on the field reports, experimental infections, morphological and immunological studies available since 1981, they advocated this position. (wikipedia.org)
  • This method can generate tens of billions of copies of a particular DNA fragment (the sequence of interest, DNA of interest, or target DNA) from a DNA extract (DNA template). (intechopen.com)
  • A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genetic information encoding a particular amino acid. (genome.gov)
  • 121. Razar R, Qi P, Devos KM, Missaoui A (2022) Genotyping-by-sequencing and QTL mapping of biomass yield in two switchgrass F1 populations (Lowland x Coastal and Coastal x Upland). (uga.edu)
  • This study indicates that mt genomes and in particular intergenic regions provide molecular phylogeny tools that combined with criteria of geographic and climatic origin can subdivide the B. bassiana s.l. entomopathogenic fungi into seven clusters with common climate characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From 1970s studies on the biology began to throw light to its difference from the classical T. saginata. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results showed that certain genotypes of faba bean were resistant to Fusarium wilt, while most of the genotypes were highly susceptible. (ppjonline.org)
  • Cluster I included resistant genotypes, cluster II comprised all moderate genotypes and cluster III contained highly susceptible genotypes. (ppjonline.org)
  • The considerable medical importance of S. japonicum has spurred numerous parasitological, ecological and genetic studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Its last avatar, the so-called "missing heritability" paradox, arose from genome-wide linkage and association mapping studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we demonstrate that these assays can be directly transferred to study the control of bud activation in biomass willow and to assess similarities with the known hormone regulatory system in Arabidopsis. (rothamsted.ac.uk)
  • At present, DNA molecular marker techniques are widely applied in the fields of germplasm identification, phylogenetics, and genetic structural analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This attribute was a significant advantages before the advent of efficient and easy PCR genotyping methods (Weber and Broman, 2000). (nervenet.org)
  • METHODS: A longitudinal study of asthma and allergic diseases in schoolchildren has been in progress in Northern Sweden since 1996. (who.int)
  • Phylodynamic methods are central to studies of the geographic and demographic history of disease outbreaks. (nfshost.com)
  • Harris AD, Lautenbach E, Perencevich E. A systematic review of quasi-experimental study designs in the fields of infection control and antibiotic resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • In many crops, genome engineering techniques have enabled researchers and breeders to take advantage of a vast knowledge base of plant physiology, pathology, and genetics. (frontiersin.org)
  • The drug moieties may affect cytotoxic and cytostatic mechanisms including tubulin binding, DNA binding, or topoisomerase inhibition. (justia.com)
  • Here, we demonstrate that the default priors used in empirical phylodynamic studies make strong and biologically unrealistic assumptions about the underlying geographic process. (nfshost.com)
  • The amount of DNA in a genome, known as genome size or C value, varies greatly across living organisms and is known to correlate with a number of phenotypic traits, most notably cell size (e.g. (oosteinde.info)
  • Longer surveillance studies are needed to better understand the seasonal epidemiology of HMPV and to assess if co-infection with HMPV and RSV leads to more severe illness. (tripod.com)
  • The use and interpretation of quasi-experimental studies in infectious diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • E. A. Oelke, E. S. Oplinger, D. H. Putnam, B. R. Durgan, J. D. Doll and D. J. Undersander Millets, "Alternative Field Crops Manual," University of Wisconsin, Cooperative Extension and University of Minnesota, Center for Alternative Plants & Animal Products and Minnesota Extension Service, 1990. (scirp.org)
  • In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)
  • A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)
  • Animal models (e.g., mice, rats, zebrafish and others) are sufficiently like humans in their anatomy, physiology or response to a pathogen that researchers can extrapolate the results of animal model studies to better understand human physiology and disease. (genome.gov)
  • The objective of the study was to characterize the germplasm for identification and phylogeny study for conservation. (scirp.org)
  • luation are routinely used for identification of genotype. (scirp.org)
  • Bryophytes, and in particular the mosses, Physcomitrella patens and Ceratodon purpureus have been developed for the genetic study of development and metabolism. (oosteinde.info)
  • In V. radiata, no infection thread was found even at optimum temperature of 30°C. Root hair curling and infection thread formation were not observed in the genotypes exposed to temperature stresses, except in V. unguiculata, where the infection thread aborted in the root hair. (pakbs.org)