• A retrospective cohort study, also called a historic cohort study, is a longitudinal cohort study used in medical and psychological research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retrospective cohort studies have existed for approximately as long as prospective cohort studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • The retrospective cohort study compares groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic (for example, female nurses who smoke and ones who do not smoke) in terms of a particular outcome (such as lung cancer). (wikipedia.org)
  • This is fundamentally the same methodology as for a prospective cohort study, except that the retrospective study is performed post-hoc, looking back. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, both kinds of cohort studies share the same starting point (considering data from before the occurrence of the outcome). (wikipedia.org)
  • Retrospective cohort studies require particular caution because errors due to confounding and bias are more common than in prospective studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retrospective cohort studies exhibit the benefits of cohort studies and have distinct advantages relative to prospective ones: They are conducted on a smaller scale. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, it has essentially all the benefits of a cohort study. (wikipedia.org)
  • While retrospective cohort studies try to compare the risk of developing a disease to some already known exposure factors, a case-control study will try to determine the possible exposure factors after a known disease incidence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both the relative risk and odds ratio are relevant in retrospective cohort studies, but only the odds ratio can be used in case-control studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • We performed a retrospective cohort study of 100 consecutive patients receiving ECMO in the medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. (nih.gov)
  • Design Retrospective cohort study linking a named patient register of isotretinoin users (1980-9) to hospital discharge and cause of death registers (1980-2001). (bmj.com)
  • Therefore, this cohort study aimed to assess maternal and neonatal outcomes when the LMA Supreme was used for cesarean section under general anesthesia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Following ethical approval by the Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital (No. 2021-226, date of approval: 23 June 2021, Chairman: Professor Yanyan Yu), a retrospective cohort study was carried out on patients who received general anesthesia for cesarean section over a period of 10 years (January 2010 to December 2019). (frontiersin.org)
  • Design Retrospective cohort study. (bmj.com)
  • The study cohort included adults with dementia (excluding patients with chronic psychotic illnesses) living in long-term care and aged 66 years and older. (cmaj.ca)
  • Using a retrospective cohort study and time-to-event analysis, we compared the incidences of COVID-19 outcomes between individuals who received a COVID-19 vaccine (approved for use in the USA) at least 2 weeks before SARS-CoV-2 infection and propensity score-matched individuals unvaccinated for COVID-19 but who had received an influenza vaccine. (medrxiv.org)
  • Suicide as an incident of severe patient harm: a retrospective cohort study of investigations after suicide in Swedish healthcare in a 13-year perspective. (ahrq.gov)
  • Inpatient patient safety events in vulnerable populations: a retrospective cohort study. (ahrq.gov)
  • Participants Patients from January 2015 to December 2020 for the derivation cohort and from January 2021 to June 2022 for the validation cohort were enrolled in this study. (bmj.com)
  • A total of 822 patients (derivation cohort=606 and validation cohorts=216) were included in this study. (bmj.com)
  • 8 As most studies have limited their analyses to infections diagnosed during pregnancy rather than prior to conception, in this report we sought to investigate the associations between a prior diagnosis of chlamydia or gonorrhoea, the timing of the diagnosis in relation to the pregnancy, and the likelihood of serious obstetric outcomes (SPTB, small for gestational age (SGA) and stillbirth) in a large cohort of women having their first birth. (bmj.com)
  • Responses of physicians to an objective safety and quality knowledge test: a cross-sectional study. (ahrq.gov)
  • The treatment methods used in this study were different combinations of surgery, prednisone, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy or observation alone. (hindawi.com)
  • 1 2 3 Observational studies have had conflicting results, however. (bmj.com)
  • The report, Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK, which was published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, includes analysis of seven monkeypox cases seen between 2018 and 2021. (royalfree.nhs.uk)
  • Patients diagnosed with CAD and who received any rituximab-containing therapy for at least 1 month between January 2012 and September 2019 at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital, were included in this retrospective study. (nature.com)
  • This study was permitted by the Ethics Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. (hindawi.com)
  • Retrospective studies may need very large sample sizes for rare outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Participants All live births from November 2009 through October 2010 (n=104 249) were included, and children were followed until 5 years of age to ascertain study outcomes. (bmj.com)
  • These outcomes should be assessed in future studies. (bmj.com)
  • Future studies should evaluate the impact of pharmacists' interventions on patient outcomes. (springer.com)
  • 1 , 2 Some studies suggest that infections such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnosed during pregnancy may predispose women to serious adverse obstetric outcomes such as spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), low birth weight and stillbirth but other studies have not found such associations. (bmj.com)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics, surgical outcomes and factors influencing surgical outcomes of women presenting with obstetric fistulas at a Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia . (bvsalud.org)
  • Further studies are needed to assess long-term outcomes and factors influencing surgical outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • ABSTRACT We performed a retrospective study to determine annual clinical incidence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in 14 Egyptian hospitals between January 1997 and December 1999. (who.int)
  • To study the incidence and profile of elderly patients requiring early unplanned readmission within 15 days of discharge from a regional hospital and the predictive factors for readmission. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Incidence, duration and risk factors associated with delayed and missed diagnostic opportunities related to tuberculosis: a population-based longitudinal study. (ahrq.gov)
  • In a medical context, they can potentially address rare diseases, which would necessitate extremely large cohorts in prospective studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cause of death data from 1979-2008 were used to study the Camp Lejeune and Camp Pendleton cohorts. (cdc.gov)
  • The prospective study looks forward, enrolling patients unaffected by the outcome and observing them to see whether the outcome has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
  • We included an efficient antimicrobial therapy after the first symptoms, 57 patients from a nationwide 5-year retrospective study diabetes, and coexistence of an osteoarticular location. (cdc.gov)
  • Case notes were retrieved on all patients who had undergone sleep nasendoscopy during the study period, and agreed data were extracted and analyzed. (nih.gov)
  • A comparative retrospective study of 48 open heel spur surgeries and 20 endoscopic plantar fasciotomies was conducted involving 59 patients over a 10-year period. (nih.gov)
  • GSK is committed to ensuring our clinical trials reflect the diverse demographics of the patients impacted by the disease under study, given the disproportional impact some diseases may have on specific patient groups. (gsk.com)
  • Patients: All patients (n = 150) aged 65 years old and above who were readmitted within 15 days into the hospital's geriatric unit in the western region of Singapore over a period of 10 months were retrospectively studied. (annals.edu.sg)
  • In this study, PEs occurred commonly and pharmacists' interventions were critical in preventing possible medication related harm to patients. (springer.com)
  • In this retrospective study, between June 2011 and June 2016, the medical records of 110 CD patients were assessed for presence of SIBO using the H 2 /CH 4 glucose breath test. (scielo.br)
  • In this study, we aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of critically ill patients admitted to the ED and identify the factors associated with LOS. (medscimonit.com)
  • All patients with level 1 and level 2 of the Emergency Severity Index who were admitted to the ED from January 2018 to December 2019 were included in this retrospective study. (medscimonit.com)
  • A multicenter retrospective research study including 995 379 ED patients concluded that ED crowding is associated with increased in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay (LOS) [4]. (medscimonit.com)
  • Safe clinical practice for patients hospitalised in mental health wards during a suicidal crisis: qualitative study of patient experiences. (ahrq.gov)
  • Patients' perceptions of safety in emergency medical services: an interview study. (ahrq.gov)
  • This study aimed to develop a simple risk score to identify elderly patients with UGIB for whom hospital admission is not required. (bmj.com)
  • This was the first study on the construction of a risk score for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients. (bmj.com)
  • This study aims to identify and describe possible two-year weight trajectories among patients accepted to the Early Psychosis Intervention Programme (EPIP) in Singapore. (figshare.com)
  • 2022) Potential risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective study. (who.int)
  • Multicenter Retrospective Study of Vascular Infections and Endocarditis Caused by Campylobacter spp. (cdc.gov)
  • Further studies, looking at early detection of medical problems and prevention of nosocomial infections are warranted to decrease the problem of readmissions for this group of elderly. (annals.edu.sg)
  • With retrospective studies, the temporal relationship is frequently difficult to assess. (wikipedia.org)
  • These causes of death were included to assess the possible impact of smoking on the findings because we did not have information on smoking status for study subjects. (cdc.gov)
  • To assess the impact of the mitigation efforts, this study retrieved the results of all BLLs performed between 1 January 2016 and 30 Sept. 2018 among SOF soldiers enrolled in an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-required medical surveillance program for lead exposure. (health.mil)
  • The study looked at clinical trial demographic data from 495 GSK and ViiV clinical trials involving US-based participants from the period 2002 to 2019. (gsk.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to describe reported interventions conducted by pharmacists to prevent or minimize PEs in a tertiary care hospital. (springer.com)
  • The study was carried in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh region. (springer.com)
  • The study was ethically reviewed and approved by the hospital IRB committee. (springer.com)
  • Previous studies revealed that factors linked with LOS in the ED include patient-specific factors such as age, triage level, and severity of disorder and hospital-specific factors such as hospital size and specialist consultation [8,9]. (medscimonit.com)
  • Setting This study was conducted at Zhongda Hospital affiliated with Southeast University in China. (bmj.com)
  • Although most case-control studies are retrospective, they can also be prospective when the researcher still enrolls participants based on the occurrence of a disease as new cases occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • GSK plc (LSE/NYSE: GSK) today announced results from a retrospective study on clinical trial diversity, investigating the historical representation of US-based participants in GSK clinical trials. (gsk.com)
  • The interpret as reported by the World Health participants' consents were obtained prior to the Organization (WHO), especially in comparison to start of this research study as it has been mentioned other countries of eastern Mediterranean region previously in [12]. (who.int)
  • Case-control study "What is epidemiology? (wikipedia.org)
  • At the end of 2022, 100% of GSK's Phase III trials had a diversity plan in place to enrol the groups most affected by the disease being studied, as based on epidemiology data. (gsk.com)
  • Although previous studies have reported the successful use of the LMA in cesarean section, the role of LMA in obstetric general anesthesia is, to date, still highly debatable ( 12 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, different demographic, socioeconomic, and disease-related factors may exist between South American and North American or European populations that may limit the generalization of these findings, as the data are mainly derived from North American or European studies. (scielo.br)
  • GSK's study confirmed that in four disease areas (asthma, COPD, HIV and influenza) census data differed from the epidemiological data. (gsk.com)
  • It supplements important clinical case-series from countries in Africa where monkeypox occurs, and all countries now need to work together more effectively to study and control this emerging infection. (royalfree.nhs.uk)
  • Although no laboratory test exists to used, reports to surveil ance programs can include persons with distinguish acute from chronic HCV infection, for the purpose a test result indicating past HCV infection that has resolved of this study all persons determined to be currently infected and also persons with a test result that identifies current HCV were considered to have chronic infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Design This was a single-centre retrospective study. (bmj.com)
  • The fact that retrospective studies are generally less expensive than prospective studies may be another key benefit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retrospective studies have disadvantages vis-a-vis prospective studies: Some key statistics cannot be measured, and significant biases may affect the selection of controls. (wikipedia.org)
  • I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. (medrxiv.org)
  • The criteria most commonly used for diagnosis come from the International Study Group for Behçet's Disease. (medscape.com)
  • The International Study Group for Behçet's Disease has emphasized the presence of recurrent oral ulcers as a primary consideration in the diagnosis of Behçet disease. (medscape.com)
  • Jake Dunning (pictured) , clinical lead for HCID at the Royal Free London and co-author of the study, said: "Since we set up the national HCID programme in 2016, and the Royal Free London team diagnosed the first travel-associated case outside Africa in 2018, we have been working on preparing to care for and study more cases. (royalfree.nhs.uk)
  • This retrospective study analyzed reported cases across three timeframes and concluded the investigations were largely suited to fit the requirements of the supervisory authority rather than an opportunity for organizational learning to advance patient safety. (ahrq.gov)
  • A population-based retrospective case-control analysis was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. (psychiatrist.com)
  • A retrospective analysis of the electronic medical records data was conducted to identify pharmacists' interventions related to reported PEs. (springer.com)
  • GSK is committed to applying the insights from the study results in ongoing efforts to improve diversity in clinical trial enrolment. (gsk.com)
  • Results of a retrospective cross-sectional telephone survey. (ahrq.gov)
  • Patient feedback for safety improvement in primary care: results from a feasibility study. (ahrq.gov)
  • however, the results reinforce the justification for future studies to prospectively capture and examine the influence of these data, with the aim of early detection and weight intervention for high risk groups. (figshare.com)
  • Results of search for 'su:{Retrospective studies. (who.int)
  • A retrospective audit study based on case notes was performed over a 10-year period (1995-2005) in a tertiary-referral practice setting. (nih.gov)
  • The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. (bmj.com)
  • The purpose of the study was to determine whether potential exposures to the drinking water contaminants at Camp Lejeune are associated with increased risk of death from specific cancers and other chronic diseases among those who were employed at the base. (cdc.gov)
  • Previous studies 5-16 have demonstrated the relationship between depression and dementia. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Evaluation of older persons' medications: a critical incident technique study exploring healthcare professionals' experiences and actions. (ahrq.gov)
  • This study aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of IMT in the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx and analyze the relationship between the treatment and the overall survival (OS). (hindawi.com)
  • Success rate for fistula repair was 83%at 2 weeks post-operative.Study findings were inadequate to show a significant association between successful repair and factors in the model. (bvsalud.org)
  • The retrospective aspect may introduce selection bias and mis-classification or information bias. (wikipedia.org)
  • IMTs of the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx are rare, and most studies were case reports. (hindawi.com)
  • Thirty per cent (95% CI, 22.8% to 38.0%) of the study population had both medical and social issues. (annals.edu.sg)
  • The study also included three causes of death known to be caused by cigarette smoking but not known to be associated with the drinking water contaminants: cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and stomach cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • At present, there is no approved treatment for CAD, and conducting randomized studies with sufficient statistical power will be difficult given the rareness of CAD. (nature.com)
  • The study included all underlying causes of death that other studies have shown to be associated with one or more of the chemicals found in the drinking water at Camp Lejeune. (cdc.gov)
  • The study found elevated risks in the Camp Lejeune civilian workers for several causes of death, including kidney cancer, leukemia's, prostate cancer, rectal cancer and Parkinson's disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Using a case-note review, the study identified limited transmission within the UK, including transmission to a healthcare worker and within a household. (royalfree.nhs.uk)
  • Exploring the factors that promote or diminish a psychologically safe environment: a qualitative interview study with critical care staff. (ahrq.gov)
  • WHO Drug Injection Collaborative Study Group. (who.int)