Structurally carrier proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

A wide list of potential new antimicrobial peptides was obtained by applying this method to about 4,000 human extracellular proteins. (unina.it)
Recent observations raise the hypothesis that not only the drug/chemical, but also parts of the haptenated protein or peptides may constitute the important structural determinants for antigen recognition by the TCR. (frontiersin.org)
Hybrid biomaterials composed of functionalized nanoparticles, covalently linked to biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, and polynucleotides, are especially interesting for their size-dependent properties and dimensional similarities to biomacromolecules [ 1 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Water 2H and 17O spin relaxation is used to study water dynamics in the hydration layers of two small peptides, two globular proteins and in living cells of two microorganisms. (lu.se)
This distribution comprises a small fraction of protein-specific hydration sites, where water rotation is strongly retarded, and a dominant fraction of generic hydration sites, where water rotation is as fast as in the hydration shells of small peptides. (lu.se)

The integration of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) with single cell spatial omics methods allows for a comprehensive investigation of single cell spatial information and matrisomal N-glycan and extracellular matrix protein imaging. (bvsalud.org)
Ephrin-A ligands are structurally related to the extracellular domains of the transmembrane Ephrin-B ligands. (cellgs.com)
GPR91 is a G protein-coupled cell surface receptor for extracellular succinate (Sucnr1). (haematologica.org)
[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) of the solute carrier family 1A (SLC1A) take up the neurotransmitter L-glutamate from the synaptic environment, which is necessary to keep the extracellular concentration low and prevent neurotoxicity 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
The large proteoglycan molecules made up of protein cores, and GAG branches are secreted by cells and constitute a significant fraction of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. (medscape.com)

In addition, two further cryptic HDPs have been structurally and functionally characterized. (unina.it)
As such they constitute one of the most ancient, ubiquitous and structurally and functionally diverse classes of biological prosthetic groups. (uga.edu)
In this paper, we have structurally and functionally integrated a 3-nm diameter citrate-tannate-coated gold nanocrystal to fabricate a novel class of species-specific nanobiosensor to determine pork adulteration in raw as well as processed mixed meats. (hindawi.com)

Before entering lipid synthesis pathways, different kinds of acyl-CoA transporters which acts as the major carrier of acyl-CoAs, such as fatty acid binding protein (FABP), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), would activate and convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA esters via a reaction catalyzed by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and transported to various metabolic locations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability of ion channels to accomplish these three physiological functions also requires the housekeeping operation of another class of membrane proteins, the transporters and pumps, to set up standing ion concentration gradients across cell membranes. (scholarpedia.org)
ABC transporters are membrane proteins that transport various substances from one side of the cell membrane to the other. (nanowerk.com)
Norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporters, and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins play differential roles in tumor targeting, systemic elimination, and accumulation in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
Through facilitated diffusion, glucose molecules can travel across the cell membrane along a concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration (outside the cell) to an area of low concentration (inside the cell), thanks to the binding of specialized proteins known as glucose transporters. (reflectivethought.net)
Glucose transporters are specialized carrier proteins that facilitate glucose uptake into cells. (reflectivethought.net)
these structurally related transport proteins are called glucose transporters. (reflectivethought.net)
1 Similarly, succinate may derive from the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt pathway that correlates with levels of expression of the γ-aminobutyric acid transporters solute carrier family 6 members 12 and 13 (SLC6A12, SLC6A13). (haematologica.org)
Combined with previous pre-equilibrium binding studies, a full kinetic mechanism of structurally characterized aspartate transporters of the SLC1A family is now emerging. (nature.com)

The SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine (PreS-RBD) is based on a structurally folded fusion protein consisting of two receptor binding domains (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the PreS antigen from hepatitis B, which serve as immunological carriers for each other, thereby strengthening the immune response. (meduniwien.ac.at)
Figure 2: Pseudosymmetric architecture of ion channels formed from 2, 3, 4, or 5 protein subunits or multiple repeated domains in a single subunit. (scholarpedia.org)
5 4 Succinate functions as a competitive inhibitor for prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins that are central to degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α subunit. (haematologica.org)
Structurally, they form a homodimer where each subunit consists of eight transmembrane helices with the N and C terminals exposed to the cytosol. (bvsalud.org)

Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)

Like other signaling proteins, ion channels are flexible molecules that undergo conformational changes between open (active) and closed (inactive) states. (scholarpedia.org)
Simultaneously, the method also records changes in the molecules the protein interacts with - in this case ATP. (nanowerk.com)
If this is successful, you can see which groups of molecules are structurally changed and when. (nanowerk.com)
Aside from being a carrier for molecules, albumin is also thought to be an anti-oxidant protein by scavenging reactive oxygen species, protecting bound substances from oxidant injury, and binding free copper, which acts as an oxidant ( Merlot et al 2014 ). (eclinpath.com)
Facilitated diffusion is a form of facilitated transport involving the passive movement of molecules along their concentration gradient, guided by the presence of another molecule - usually an integral membrane protein forming a pore or channel. (biologydictionary.net)
However, this automatically means that ions, small molecules, proteins and other solutes have differential concentrations across lipid bilayers. (biologydictionary.net)
Because an abnormality in type II collagen should affect the molecules throughout the body, it remains unclear how the currently defined abnormality can translate into major structural abnormalities of the vertebrae and capital femoral epiphysis while leaving the distal femur, proximal tibia, and other regions structurally unaffected. (medscape.com)

We report now that NEPH1 belongs to a family of three closely related proteins that interact with the C-terminal domain of podocin. (nih.gov)
They fall into a few large families of closely related proteins and many small outlying families that lack any known evolutionary relationship to the others. (scholarpedia.org)

Nano-DESI MSI is an ambient ionization technique that has been previously used for imaging of metabolites, lipids, and proteins in biological tissue samples without special sample pretreatment. (bvsalud.org)
Although the architecture of the nanomachines is known, a detailed understanding of how the splitting of the energy carrier ATP dynamically enables the transport of various substances across biological membranes has so far been lacking. (nanowerk.com)
It has been estimated that the biological activity of 50 million PODS® co-crystals generates the same peak dose as 3.3 µg of standard recombinant protein. (cellgs.com)

All four genes for FGF Rs encode proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid-box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and the split tyrosine-kinase domain. (rndsystems.com)
A family of transmembrane proteins that function primarily as calcium-activated chloride channels. (bvsalud.org)

The recombinant NcACBP protein was expressed to verify the binding activities of NcACBP in vitro , and the heterologous expression of NcACBP in Δacbp yeast in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
The NcACBP recombinant protein was able to specifically bind acyl-CoA esters in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is also known as human BMP-2, BMP-2, BMP2, BMP 2, h-BMP-2, rh-BMP-2, recombinant human BMP-2, recombinant BMP-2, BMP, is a member of the BMP subgroup belonging to the TGF-b superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
Biotinylated Recombinant Human FGFR2 alpha (IIIb) Fc Chimera Avi-tag (Catalog # AVI663) binds Recombinant Human FGF acidic/FGF1 (aa 16-155) Protein (Catalog # 232-FA ) with an ED 50 of 0.0500-0.500 μg/mL. (rndsystems.com)
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (rndsystems.com)
Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (rndsystems.com)
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)
2 μg/lane of Biotinylated Recombinant Human FGFR2 alpha (IIIb) Fc Chimera Avi-tag Protein (Catalog # AVI663) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 100-112 kDa and 200-220 kDa, respectively. (rndsystems.com)

To cause sensitization, a chemical must bind to macromolecules (proteins) in the skin. (cdc.gov)

NEPH1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is structurally related to nephrin. (nih.gov)

Iodide ions are then transported to the apical membrane of the thyroid follicular cells by the action of pendrin, an anion exchanger protein. (myendoconsult.com)
Ion channels are membrane proteins. (scholarpedia.org)
Ion channels have many features of typical membrane proteins. (scholarpedia.org)
Using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, they measured the structural changes in the bacterial membrane protein MsbA and its interaction partner ATP. (nanowerk.com)
This lays the foundation for the study of the whole membrane protein, which we are going to tackle next", says Professor Hofmann. (nanowerk.com)
The investigations were supported by the Protein Research Department at the RUB and funds of the collaborative research centre SFB 642 "GTP and ATP dependent membrane processes", whose speaker is Prof. Dr. Klaus Gerwert. (nanowerk.com)
Glucose-protein binding may bring shape changes and glucose close to the cell membrane. (reflectivethought.net)
Oppositely oriented Glt Tk proteins showed the same transport kinetics, consistent with the use of an identical gating element on both sides of the membrane. (nature.com)

This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of contact allergy based on the concept of hapten-protein binding and (ii) mechanistic investigations regarding activation of nonsensitizing compounds to contact allergens by air oxidation or skin metabolism. (cdc.gov)

These structures thus support the hypothesis that it is subtle rearrangements, rather than dramatic conformational changes, which govern carrier protein interactions and selectivity during non-ribosomal peptide synthesis. (rcsb.org)

To date, this is the second bacterial high-molecular weight FabG structurally characterized, following FabG4 from Mycobacterium. (rcsb.org)
Furthermore, to avoid HDPs toxicity towards bacterial host, a novel fusion system based on a carrier protein (derived from a Rana pipiens ribonuclease) was used. (unina.it)
Cytochrome c' is a high-spin protein and is the most widely occurring bacterial c-type cytochrome. (expasy.org)

We have structurally characterized the final peptidyl carrier protein domain of the teicoplanin non-ribosomal peptide synthetase machinery: this domain is believed to mediate the interactions with tailoring Oxy enzymes in addition to its function as a shuttle for intermediates between multiple non-ribosomal peptide synthetase domains. (rcsb.org)
Discrete enzymes in this pathway include two reductase enzymes: 3-oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase (FabG) and enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI). (rcsb.org)
These enzymes are found in a variety of biosynthetic contexts, which include fatty-acid activating enzymes, type I or type III polyketide synthases, dialkylresorcinol-generating enzymes, monooxygenases or Rieske proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Fe-S clusters are present in more than 300 different types of enzymes or proteins and play crucial roles in fundamental life processes such as respiration, photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. (uga.edu)

We have identified a cytosolic acyl-CoA binding protein, with highly conserved amino acid residues and a typical acyl-CoA binding domain in N. caninum . (biomedcentral.com)
These are chiefly missense mutations, introducing an amino acid change in the context of an expressed protein. (biomedcentral.com)
These data have been combined with Grantham variation and Grantham deviance scores (a measure of how conserved an amino acid is, together with how different the protein change is) to assess the relationship between protein:protein interaction and measures of disease risk. (biomedcentral.com)

Research on Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in the Johnson group currently involves investigating the molecular mechanisms of Fe-S cluster assembly on scaffold proteins and the subsequent intact cluster transfer to acceptor or carrier proteins. (uga.edu)

Most thyroxine is bound to carrier proteins, such as thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin, and albumin in circulation, with only a tiny fraction (approximately 0.03%) present as free thyroxine (FT4)[3]. (myendoconsult.com)
T3 circulates bound to carrier proteins (mainly TBG and albumin), with a small fraction (approximately 0.3%) existing as free triiodothyronine (FT3). (myendoconsult.com)
Albumin is a globular protein with a molecular weight of 66-69,000 daltons (66-69 kDa). (eclinpath.com)
Albumin makes a large contribution to plasma colloid osmotic pressure due to its small size and abundance (35-50% of total plasma proteins by weight). (eclinpath.com)

It also serves as a carrier protein for many insoluble organic substances (e.g., unconjugated bilirubin, long chain fatty acids) and drugs. (eclinpath.com)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 35 (SCA35) is a rare, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder associated with mutations in TGM6 gene that encode the protein transglutaminase 6 (TG6). (ataxia.org)

In proteins belonging to the c-type cytochrome family [ 1 ], the heme group is covalently attached by thioether bonds to two conserved cysteine residues located in the cytochrome c center. (expasy.org)
The E2 component is particularly sensitive to missense alteration in BRCA1, with the majority of currently unclassified variants in the region inhibiting interaction, whereas the BARD1 component is disrupted by a smaller, but overlapping, subset restricted to substitution of the structurally detrimental zinc-ligation residues. (biomedcentral.com)

Three protein variants were originally identified in invasive meningococci and named NadA-1, NadA-2, and NadA-3, whereas most carrier isolates either lacked the gene or harbored a different variant, NadA-4. (ox.ac.uk)
The improved screening methods now in use across the UK will identify many carriers of unclassified BRCA1 variants. (biomedcentral.com)
Currently, discovery of the majority of missense variants leaves both variant carriers and their families in an ambiguous position. (biomedcentral.com)
As new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge and displace circulating virus strains, we recommend that standardized binding antibody assays that include spike protein-based antigens be utilized to estimate antibody concentrations correlated with protection from COVID-19. (cdc.gov)

Structurally, T4 comprises four iodine atoms bound to a tyrosine-derived backbone. (myendoconsult.com)
In this way they tracked, how ATP bound to the transport protein, how one of its three phosphate groups split off and was released into the environment without first latching back on to the protein. (nanowerk.com)

Cytochrome c, an electron carrier protein located in the mitochondrial matrix. (expasy.org)
This is the heme-containing component of the cytochrome b-c1 complex, which accepts electrons from Rieske protein and transfers electrons to cytochrome c in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. (expasy.org)
To recognize c-type cytochrome family proteins we have developed 4 profiles. (expasy.org)
The first one recognizes all mono-heme cytochrome c proteins (except class II and f-type cytochromes). (expasy.org)

Uptake and degradation is facilitated if the protein is structurally modified. (eclinpath.com)
The active protein is captured in its nascent, natively folded form with limited scope for proteolytic degradation. (cellgs.com)

The structures exhibit the same general fold as the majority of known carrier protein structures, in spite of the complex biosynthetic role that PCP domains from the final non-ribosomal peptide synthetase module must play in glycopeptide antibiotic biosynthesis. (rcsb.org)
In sensitive cell lines, PDX exhibited 10-fold greater potency compared to the structurally related drug methotrexate (MTX). (skincaremanual.org)
It takes evolution billions of years to design single proteins that fold just right, but this is another level of complexity, to fold proteins to fit so well together and make closed structures," says Martin Noble at Newcastle University in the UK. (newscientist.com)

The most effective inhibitor was harmaline (Ki = 94 +/- 21 micromol/l), a known competitive inhibitor of Na+ binding to certain transport proteins. (erowid.org)

In addition, mice lacking NEPH1 develop a nephrotic syndrome that resembles NPHS mutations, suggesting that all three proteins are essential for the integrity of glomerular podocytes. (nih.gov)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) comprise a family of at least eighteen structurally related proteins that are involved in a multitude of physiological and pathological cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, angiogenesis, wound healing and tumorgenesis. (rndsystems.com)

In particular, human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) likely mediate renal secretion of mIBG, whereas hOCT1 and hOCT3 may contribute to mIBG uptake into normal tissues such as the liver, salivary glands, and heart. (aspetjournals.org)

Further analysis of isolates belonging to the sequence type 213 (ST-213) clonal complex identified NadA-5, which was structurally similar to NadA-4, but more distantly related to NadA-1, -2, and -3. (ox.ac.uk)
Half-Heusler compounds and the structurally similar Heusler materials are intermetallic compounds made from three elements that form a cubic crystal structure. (nanowerk.com)

BMP-2 is a potent osteoinductive cytokine, capable of inducing bone and cartilage formation in association with osteoconductive carriers such as collagen and synthetic hydroxyapatite. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
AI can design extremely dense protein shells that could one day lead to more potent vaccines. (newscientist.com)

By examining the structure of such inhibitors, we can learn more about the properties of the substrate binding site on the carrier protein. (erowid.org)
Inhibitors designed to target FabG proteins and thus prevent fatty acid synthesis may provide a platform for use against multidrug-resistant pathogens including A. baumannii. (rcsb.org)

Mutations of NPHS1 or NPHS2, the genes encoding for the glomerular podocyte proteins nephrin and podocin, cause steroid-resistant proteinuria. (nih.gov)

The dense H-bond network makes water structurally robust without compromising fluidity. (lu.se)

Lipid synthesis requires bulk carbon skeleton acyl-CoAs, the transport of which depends on the acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP). (biomedcentral.com)
Nanowerk News ) How a transport protein obtains its driving force from the energy storage molecule ATP, has been tracked dynamically by RUB researchers. (nanowerk.com)
ATP splitting: The transport protein MsbA (grey) splits ATP (coloured), to generate energy for the transport process. (nanowerk.com)
23. What are distinct characteristics of only protein-mediated transport? (fsu.edu)

Resistant HMCL also exhibited a dose-dependent up-regulation of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) protein, a primary molecular target for anti-folates, in response to PDX exposure, whereas sensitive HMCL did not. (skincaremanual.org)
Moreover, a molecular-level understanding of iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis is crucial for understanding a variety of human diseases involving anemias, myopathies and ataxias that arise from defects in Fe-S cluster biogenesis proteins. (uga.edu)

This focuses on the expression of the human tdp1 mutant gene in brain tissue of flies lacking the endogenous Gkt protein. (ataxia.org)
Yang Zhang at the University of Michigan says that in addition to vaccines, AI-designed protein shells could be useful for gene therapy where genetic material could be placed inside of a shell tailored so that the patient's cells don't react to it adversely. (newscientist.com)
Most mutations in the gene are 'truncating': in the main these induce premature termination codons, resulting in nonsense-mediated decay, loss of the transcript and/or the entire protein. (biomedcentral.com)

What is missing from these analyses is the relationship between loss of protein function and detriment to patient health. (biomedcentral.com)

Using the combination of AFM and Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) we demonstrated that charge carrier mobilities in rr-P3ATs are dictated by the extent of organization of fibrillar nanostructures formed by π-stacking of polymer chains. (cmu.edu)
Here, the AI's moves were combining, folding and intertwining small protein structures called alpha helices into 20-sided shells, then checking whether the design had the desired properties. (newscientist.com)
Lutz says this is because it started with very small building blocks that could be made to fit together more neatly than bigger protein structures that researchers previously used. (newscientist.com)

Type II collagen is a primary matrix protein of physeal and epiphyseal cartilage. (medscape.com)

PODS® proteins are made using an insect cell expression system in which the active protein is co-expressed alongside polyhedrin carrier protein. (cellgs.com)
Hence, it enters the cell through a particular protein present on the surface of each cell. (reflectivethought.net)

These results show that certain drugs that structurally resemble gamma-hydroxybutyrate have the capacity to compete with gamma-hydroxybutyrate at its recognition site on the transporter. (erowid.org)

9. Identity and functions of specialized proteins in the latticework? (fsu.edu)

In order to identify by a rational approach further human proteins carrying cryptic HDPs, we recently developed an in-silico screening method to localize antimicrobial regions hidden inside the primary structure of precursor proteins. (unina.it)
Expert systems containing information about the relationship between the chemical structure and the ability of chemicals to haptenate proteins are available. (cdc.gov)
14. What is the structure of proteins? (fsu.edu)

Many human proteins with functions not necessarily related to host defense behave as sources of HDPs. (unina.it)
One of these HDPs has been identified in human 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 β-like, the other represents the first HDP from an archaeal protein, the transcription factor Stf76 encoded by the hybrid plasmid-virus pSSVx from Sulfolobus islandicus. (unina.it)
The product contains the polyhedrin protein co-crystalized with Human Ephrin-A1. (cellgs.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms19

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs138

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes58

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care4

Peptides5

Extracellular6

Functionally3

Transporters9

Subunit4

Globular proteins1

Molecules7

Closely related proteins2

Biological3

Transmembrane2

Recombinant8

Macromolecules1

Superfamily1

Membrane8

Nonsensitizing compounds1

Conformational changes1

Bacterial3

Enzymes4

Amino3

Scaffold1

Albumin4

Substances1

Encode1

Residues2

Variants4

Bound2

Cytochrome4

Degradation2

Fold3

Competitive inhibitor1

Mice1

Physiological1

Uptake1

Similar2

Potent2

Inhibitors2

Genes1

Dense1

Transport4

Molecular2

Gene3

Analyses1

Small3

Cartilage1

Cell2

Drugs1

Identity1

Structure3

Human3