• We seeded mouse neonatal calvarial osteoblasts onto flexible 6-well plates and subjected to continuous cyclic mechanical stretching. (allenpress.com)
  • 3 Because this bone cell culture model demonstrates a capacity to respond to mechanical changes, we hypothesize that this model may also show differences in expression of metalloproteinases in response to cyclic mechanical stretch that can be used to model changes at the bone-implant interface. (allenpress.com)
  • AVM cells were isolated from three patients and exposed to cyclic mechanical stretching for 24 h. (researchgate.net)
  • It sounds like 200 million is a lot of cycles, but suppose this was the cyclic stress on an engine's crankshaft, spinning at 2,000 rotations per minute. (control.com)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) adapt to mechanical environments such as cyclic stretching by altering their morphology and cytoskeletal structure. (fujipress.jp)
  • The detailed mechanism underlying EC remodeling in response to cyclic stretching, however, remains unclear. (fujipress.jp)
  • To understand the contribution of strain in contact area between focal adhesions (FAs) and the substrate to morphological and cytoskeletal changes in cells, we applied cyclic stretching to ECs using a microsubstrate with arrays of micropillars on which cells were selectively stretched between FAs but FA-substrate contact area were hardly stretched. (fujipress.jp)
  • After exposure to cyclic stretching for 3 h, ECs on both flat and micropillar substrates were aligned perpendicular to the direction of stretching. (fujipress.jp)
  • These results suggest that strain in contact area between FAs and the substrate may have an impact on reorientation rates of stress fibers in ECs in response to cyclic stretching. (fujipress.jp)
  • 6] H. Yamada, T. Takemasa, and T. Yamaguchi, "Theoretical Study of Intracellular Stress Fiber Orientation Under Cyclic Deformation," J. Biomech. (fujipress.jp)
  • 9] Y. Shikata, A. Rios, K. Kawkitinarong, N. DePaola, J. G. N. Garcia, and K. G. Birukov, "Differential Effects of Shear Stress and Cyclic Stretch on Focal Adhesion Remodeling, Site-Specific FAK Phosphorylation, and Small GTPases in Human Lung Endothelial Cells," Exp. (fujipress.jp)
  • Zasloff M ( 2015 ) Peer Review #3 of 'Cyclic mechanical stretch down-regulates cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide expression and activates a pro-inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells (v0.2)' . (peerj.com)
  • Our results suggest that in response to stretch, MMP-2 responds rapidly by inhibiting conversion of a MMP-2 to the active form, while a slower up-regulation of MMP-9 may play a role in the long-term remodeling of extracellular matrix in response to continuous mechanical loading. (allenpress.com)
  • The primary target for mechanical stimulation is the plasma membrane which responds to physical stress with changes in the mechanosensitivity of ion channels. (springer.com)
  • The X-rays capture information about how the material responds to the mechanical stress. (aip.org)
  • This is rooted in the understanding that tissue responds to mechanical forces, and when a gentle and consistent stretch is applied to it, it adapts and grows in response. (canton-georgia.com)
  • Texas A&M University researchers have discovered that when charging a supercapacitor, it stores energy and responds by stretching and expanding. (tamu.edu)
  • Due to the high vascular pressure endothelial cells of AVMs are exposed to mechanical stress. (researchgate.net)
  • In response to mechanical stress, VEGF gene and protein expression increased in patient AVM endothelial cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Thereby, the increased tension per individual cross bridge and the stretching forces on sarcomeres induce microtrauma in muscle fibers [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They applied a specific force to stretch immature hibiscus ( Hibiscus trionum ) petals that had not yet developed striations to see if it was possible to mechanically induce the patterns. (eurekalert.org)
  • In these situations, incorporation of continuous dermatotraction can expedite wound reapposition by capitalizing on the viscoelastic properties of skin to induce mechanical creep. (medscape.com)
  • the progressive reduction in the force required to maintain the stretched dermal collagen fibers at a given length. (ivis.org)
  • During this process, tissue fluid is displaced from around the randomly arranged dermal collagen fibers, as they progressively align and compact longitudinally in the direction of the stretching force[4]. (ivis.org)
  • Based on the development process, this paper presents a review that explores the associated features, interrelationships and interactive complexities between physical, mechanical, biochemical and geometric features of natural, healthy hair fibers. (frontiersin.org)
  • Stress fibers were oriented about 60° to the direction of stretching on the flat substrate, while stress fibers were not aligned in any direction for the micropillar substrate. (fujipress.jp)
  • After 6 h of stretching, stress fibers on the micropillar substrate were oriented approximately 90° to the direction of stretching. (fujipress.jp)
  • 3] T. Takemasa, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamamoto, K. Sugimoto, and K. Yamashita, "Oblique Alignment of Stress Fibers in Cells Reduces the Mechanical Stress in Cyclically Deforming Fields," Eur. (fujipress.jp)
  • [ 18 ] This effect is amplified through adequate tissue undermining, which untethers the dermal elastin fibers within skin, allowing them to stretch beyond the limits of their inherent extensibility. (medscape.com)
  • Frauke Gräter tackles this question by taking a closer look at collagen, the protein which provides structural and mechanical stability to all our connective tissues like bones, tendons, ligaments, and skin. (h-its.org)
  • She has already shown that excessive mechanical stress on collagen produces radicals - a criticial finding due to the fact that radicals are known to cause damage in the body. (h-its.org)
  • Complimentary to this, fibroblasts exposed to fluid shear stress structurally rearranged pre-coated surface FN, but unstimulated and stretched cells did not. (nature.com)
  • This book series, Mechanosensitivity in Cells and Tissues, is devoted to the specific response of cells and tissues to mechanical stimulation and has been intensively studied during recent years. (springer.com)
  • Increased sensitivity of the cells to mechanical stress is found under various pathological conditions. (springer.com)
  • Furthermore, the effect of thalidomide and bevacizumab on stretched endothelial AVM cells was evaluated. (researchgate.net)
  • Bevacizumab inhibited circular network formation of endothelial AVM cells and lowered VEGF gene and protein expression, even though the cells were exposed to mechanical stress. (researchgate.net)
  • Overall, mechanical stress increases VEGF expression in the microenvironment of AVM cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Graphical abstract Mechanical stress increases VEGF expression in endothelial AVM cells, possibly causing the VEGF upregulation in the microenvironment of AVM cells. (researchgate.net)
  • The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • Cells stretched on a flat substrate were also observed. (fujipress.jp)
  • Well-stretched muscles hold less tension and, therefore, can help you feel less stressed. (acefitness.org)
  • The skin is capable of further extension beyond its initial elasticity with the application of a stretching or tension force over time. (ivis.org)
  • We're talking about measuring their mechanical properties and seeing if they can withstand the forces of tension, compression, bending, shearing, tearing, and even puncture. (romancewiki.com)
  • Designed to stand up to consistent use in harsh duty environments, the Class B 5.11 Stryke PDU Shirt is crafted from our 4.84 oz. patent pending Flex-Tac mechanical stretch fabric for outstanding durability and breathable comfort throughout your shift. (feldfire.com)
  • Other features of our tactical pants include articulated knees, Flex-Tac® ripstop fabric, bartacking at major stress points, and a tough Teflon® finish to protect your pants and for added comfort. (511tactical.com)
  • Normal body weight reduces the mechanical stress on the spine and promotes a good posture. (concordia.ch)
  • It was our objective to study the role of mechanical stimulation on fibronectin (FN) reorganization and recruitment by exposing fibroblasts to shear fluid flow and equibiaxial stretch. (nature.com)
  • Shear stress on a specific surface of the crystal initially causes the crystal to bend, and then transition to a different crystal phase. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Shear stress causes the angles of the molecules within the layers to change, which results in a more densely packed A'BA'BA'B sheet arrangement. (chemistryviews.org)
  • 8] P. Girard and R. M. Nerem, "Shear Stress Modulates Endothelial Cell Morphology and F-Actin Organization Through the Regulation of Focal Adhesion-Associated Proteins," J. Cell. (fujipress.jp)
  • We've got two key players in the performance testing game: the shear test and the stretching test. (romancewiki.com)
  • This investigation evaluates the effects of mechanical deformation on in vitro osteoblasts by assessing changes in MMP gene expression and enzyme activity. (allenpress.com)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated changes in the RNA expression in cyclically stressed osteoblasts obtained from mouse calvaria. (allenpress.com)
  • Discussion: This study demonstrated that a daily home stretching protocol significantly decreases pain and improves function in subjects with shoulder pain. (researchgate.net)
  • The researchers were able to quantify this behavior and developed a mathematical model that can predict the intensity of the glow based on the magnitude of the mechanical stress applied. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This instrument offers insights into measuring the mechanical behavior during an electrode's charging and discharging, which can be challenging to observe in real-time. (tamu.edu)
  • To understand fatigue failure, one must first understand the relationship between stress and strain, as well as elastic and plastic deformation. (control.com)
  • Mechanical damage limits the cycle life of batteries, so new hardware and models are needed to interpret experimental measurements to separate the effects of mass diffusion, reactions, inelastic deformation and mechanical damage. (tamu.edu)
  • Also, ask about exercises or stretches for the muscles you use most during work. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This was followed by a discussion of how physical workplace factors such as force and posture can affect the potential for musculoskeletal stress during both lifting and hand-intensive activities and on-deck stretching exercises that can reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. (cdc.gov)
  • Nevertheless, the effects of EPO remain unknown on the behaviors of BMSCs subjected to mechanical stretch, which is an in vitro condition simulated to an in vivo DO procedure. (hindawi.com)
  • Flexibility in the hamstrings, hip flexors and muscles attached to the pelvis relieves stress on the lumbar spine, which in turn reduces your risk of low-back pain. (acefitness.org)
  • Most common materials are not a single element, but alloys and other unique combinations that lead to various mechanical and electrical properties. (control.com)
  • This allows some alloys to be stretched out about ten times more than common spring steel without being permanently deformed. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Deep injury (rupture of the internal elastic lamina) occurred in 20% of struts (23% of sections) and produced a 1.7-fold increase in neointimal area (3.33 (0.41) mm 2 ) compared with stretch only (p = 0.0002). (bmj.com)
  • With even deeper injury (rupture of the external elastic lamina), there was a 2.6-fold increase in neointimal area (5.01 (0.48) mm 2 ) compared with stretch only (p = 0.02). (bmj.com)
  • For example, synthetic polymers subjected to mechanical stress generate mechanoradicals by rupture of chemical bonds. (h-its.org)
  • If the inflamed Achilles continues to be stressed it can tear or rupture. (docpods.com)
  • For the first time, phenolic formaldehyde resin (PF)-treated silica carbon black (SiCB) were prepared with different treatment conditions and their effect as fillers on the mechanical properties of filler filled natural rubber/butadiene rubber (NR/BR) composites were investigated in detail. (mdpi.com)
  • As a result, both the cross-link density and mechanical properties of the obtained composites were effectively enhanced. (mdpi.com)
  • It also engages essential stretch-sensing properties of the muscle, which convert mechanical stress into responses that promote muscle growth. (acsm.org)
  • In this paper, the influence of nesfatin-1 administration on rat humerus mechanical properties was analyzed. (mdpi.com)
  • For example, trichology and bioengineering sciences concentrate predominantly on physical and mechanical properties of the keratinised part, whereas biological sciences investigate genetics and biological pathways of the growing portion, and forensic sciences are interested in biochemical and geometric characteristics of the keratinised portion. (frontiersin.org)
  • mechanosensitive proteins, mechanical properties of single macromolecules. (uottawa.ca)
  • And Nanowerk , a nanotechnology portal, said one future development could be nano-sized generators that have piezoelectric properties enabling them to convert into electricity "the energy created through mechanical stress, stretches and twists of fabrics. (computer.org)
  • Individual PP nanocomposite layers were tested for improvements in mechanical, thermal and barrier properties and were compared to theoretical predictions in order to determine an aspect ratio for the organoclay. (4spe.org)
  • The main goal of this study is to manipulate high aspect ratio nanoinclusions such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in polymers using AC electric fields to tailor the mechanical and electrical properties in the resulting composites. (4spe.org)
  • The petal striations on hibiscus flowers develop during petal growth, and Professor Beverley Glover's team , who were the first to discover the iridescence properties in flowers, suspected that they may be caused by mechanical properties as the petals expanded", said Dr Sarah Robinson in the University of Cambridge's Sainsbury Laboratory and lead of the research. (eurekalert.org)
  • Working with members of Professor Glover's team , Dr Robinson was able to test this model by using a robotic system, called ACME (automated confocal micro-extensometer) that she had earlier developed to measure mechanical properties in plants. (eurekalert.org)
  • It is these two layers with different mechanical properties that makes the buckling possible. (eurekalert.org)
  • They are introduced to the mechanical properties of plastics, including their stress-strain relationships, which determine their suitability for different industrial and product applications. (teachengineering.org)
  • This has an influence on the inner and therefore on the mechanical properties of the part. (4spe.org)
  • The researchers envision that these materials could potentially be used as mechanical sensors to gauge pressure, strain or stress. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In this article we will review amorphous materials, fatigue failure from mechanical stress and strain, and how these new insights might one day provide new industrial opportunities for amorphous materials. (control.com)
  • Strain is how much a material lengthens when it is stretched. (control.com)
  • The machine stretches the material at a constant rate, and the stress on the material is measured and plotted as a function of strain. (control.com)
  • Stress and strain curve regions. (control.com)
  • In rubber, the polymer chains are stretched out through strain-no compression is possible. (chemistryviews.org)
  • To design new plastic materials, engineers consider the stress and strain characteristics of various plastic formulations. (teachengineering.org)
  • Students gain an awareness of the prevalence of plastics in their everyday lives and learn about how the unique stress/strain relationships factor into materials choices made by engineers. (teachengineering.org)
  • Apply stress and strain to test the elasticity of various materials. (teachengineering.org)
  • Mechanical stimulation was also combined with a Rho inhibitor to probe their coupled effects on FN. (nature.com)
  • Mechanical stimulation coupled with chemical stimulation also revealed an increase in FN fibrils around the cell periphery. (nature.com)
  • These results show that mechanical stimulation directly affected FN reorganization and recruitment, despite perturbation by chemical stimulation. (nature.com)
  • Though most of these studies have probed these questions through chemical stimulation, mechanical stimulation has been shown to be extremely important. (nature.com)
  • Thus a thorough understanding of both mechanical and chemical stimulation separately, as well as coupled together, is integral to gain insight into FN synthesis, function and the effects of various pathology-induced abnormalities that can perturb this multi-functional protein. (nature.com)
  • This study was therefore aimed at establishing the dose-response effect of EPO stimulation on rat BMSCs and investigating the effects of mechanical stretch combined with EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
  • To reinforce the materials so that they can bear substantial mechanical loads, a second polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, was added to the original blend. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But could those harmful and highly reactive radicals also form in our tissues when stretched? (h-its.org)
  • We demonstrate how we can harness the power of nature to directly convert mechanical stimuli into light emission. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To adapt to the dynamic change in mechanical stress, the constitutive individual proteins need to reversibly stretch and recoil over long periods of time. (rsc.org)
  • Yet, the molecular mechanisms controlling the mechanical unfolding and refolding of proteins cannot be accessed by protein folding biochemistry experiments conducted in the bulk, because they cannot typically apply forces to individual proteins. (rsc.org)
  • The award-winning scientist wants to decipher how proteins have been designed to specifically respond to mechanical forces. (h-its.org)
  • Researchers have developed soft yet durable materials that glow in response to mechanical stress, such as compression, stretching or twisting. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A team of researchers led by the University of California San Diego has developed soft yet durable materials that glow in response to mechanical stress, such as compression, stretching or twisting. (sciencedaily.com)
  • When the materials are subjected to compression, stretching or twisting, the dinoflagellates within them respond by emitting light. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Stretching the muscles of the lower back, shoulders and chest helps keep your back in better alignment and improves your posture. (acefitness.org)
  • 7. Improves mechanical efficiency and overall functional performance. (acefitness.org)
  • Stretching increases blood supply to your muscles and joints, which allows for greater nutrient transportation and improves the circulation of blood through your entire body. (acefitness.org)
  • The experiments proved that the bone strength parameters measured under various mechanical loading conditions increased after the nesfatin-1 administration. (mdpi.com)
  • Lack of mechanical aids. (hsa.ie)
  • Thus, acting on ion channels in the plasma membrane, mechanical stress can elicit a multitude of biochemical processes - both transient and long-lasting - inside a cell. (springer.com)
  • Our research, along with others, has demonstrated the power of an exercise prescription emphasizing eccentric contractions to effectively enhance neural drive and cellular signaling, which are responsive to muscle stretch and repetitive lengthening. (acsm.org)
  • NIOSH investigators agreed and concluded that the physical stress of interior structural fire-fighting probably triggered a cardiac arrhythmia leading to his subsequent cardiac death. (cdc.gov)
  • Bone to mechanical loading elicits a biological response that has clinical significance for several areas in dental medicine, including orthodontic tooth movement, tempromandibular joint disease, and endosseous dental implant osseointegration. (allenpress.com)
  • This study suggests that the regulation of metalloproteinases at both the mRNA and protein level are important in the response of bone to mechanical stress. (allenpress.com)
  • Our aim in this study was to investigate the relative importance of arterial stretch and deep injury to the late arterial response after stent deployment, using moderate implantation conditions. (bmj.com)
  • A growing body of data supports a view that skeletal muscle's response after mechanical loading does not always result in the classically reported "injury response. (cdc.gov)
  • We are pioneering experimental methods to measure the simultaneous electrochemical and mechanical response of electrodes," Boyd said. (tamu.edu)
  • The manuscript demonstrates that a mechanical stretch down-regulates cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide expression and activates a pro-inflammatory response in the human bronchial epithelial cell line model VA10. (peerj.com)
  • By increasing the range of motion in a particular joint through stretching, you can decrease the resistance on your body's muscles during various activities. (acefitness.org)
  • After a hard workout, stretching your muscles helps keep them loose and lessens the shortening and tightening effect that can lead to post-workout aches and pains. (acefitness.org)
  • Stretching allows your muscles to relax. (acefitness.org)
  • Stretching prior to exercise allows your muscles to loosen up and become better able to withstand the impact of the activity you choose to do. (acefitness.org)
  • Frequent exposure to mechanical and electrical hazards. (nationjob.com)
  • 2 The cooperative effects of collagenases, gelatinases, and stromelysins-in combination with mechanical forces-suggest a role in MMP-dependent degradation of the extracellular matrix as an important determinant of implant failure due to excess occlusal forces. (allenpress.com)
  • Purpose of the study: To evaluate the effects of a stretching protocol on function, muscle length, and scapular kinematics in subjects with and without shoulder pain. (researchgate.net)
  • EPO was able to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and these effects were enhanced when combined with mechanical stretch. (hindawi.com)
  • A multilayer coextrusion die was used to create polypropylene (PP) / organoclay nanocomposites and to study the stress effects on clay dispersion. (4spe.org)
  • Batteries and capacitors can fail through the different effects of internal and external mechanical stresses. (tamu.edu)
  • Stress is a specific application of pressure: the force over a cross-sectional area. (control.com)
  • Stretching Strengthening- A specific exercise program stressing calf muscle stretching and strengthening may be necessary to speed recovery. (docpods.com)
  • I will show how these nanostructures can be utilized for extremely sensitive virus detection, enhanced cellular growth, extracting polluting chemicals from the groundwater and mechanical stress sensors. (lu.se)
  • however, this produces increased afterload that causes further cardiac stress and damages myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • To answer important questions, such as "what is the influence of probabilistic parameters on predicted mechanical responses? (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Materials such as our patented two-way mechanical stretch fabric enable you to move freely and comfortably while performing your duties. (511tactical.com)
  • Mechanical forces regulate a large variety of cellular functionalities, encompassing e.g. motility, differentiation and muscle contractility. (rsc.org)
  • For lower limbs, microprocessor-controlled ankles and knees can provide greater safety, stability, reduced energy expenditure, and diminished stress to proximal joints and the spine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Firstly, mechanical stress generated during the eccentric exercise is considered as one mechanism [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Mechanical stress can modulate physiological processes at the molecular, cellular and systemic level. (springer.com)
  • Silicon nanowires can be used as one-dimensional semiconductors for sensing charged molecules in a biological sample and nanopillars can enhance cellular growth and measure minute mechanical stresses. (lu.se)
  • An exciting feature of these materials is their inherent simplicity -- they need no electronics, no external power source," said study senior author Shengqiang Cai, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This current work demonstrates a simple method to combine living organisms with non-living components to fabricate novel materials that are self-sustaining and are sensitive to fundamental mechanical stimuli found in nature," said study first author Chenghai Li, a mechanical and aerospace engineering Ph.D. candidate in Cai's lab. (sciencedaily.com)
  • However, this demonstrates a high-stress, low cycle-count test, which is not typically how materials fail when they are in use. (control.com)
  • Materials are loaded in a mechanical tester and stretched. (control.com)
  • To measure fatigue, materials are stressed repeatedly at a certain value until they fail. (control.com)
  • In superelastic materials, mechanical stress triggers a change in the crystal structure-without the individual atoms changing places. (chemistryviews.org)
  • When the stress is removed, the materials return to their former structure. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Texas A&M College of Engineering professors Drs. Dimitris Lagoudas, Jodie Lutkenhaus and James Boyd have discovered how to measure mechanical stresses and strains in energy storage materials. (tamu.edu)
  • To combat this, her research looks to create an instrument that measures mechanical stresses and strains in energy storage materials as they charge and discharge. (tamu.edu)
  • When these stresses happen, the battery needs to be able to withstand the damage. (tamu.edu)
  • Then a new stress is selected, and a plot of stress versus the number of cycles is generated. (control.com)
  • If the material is stressed higher than the yield strength, the material is in the "plastic region" where permanent damage is being done. (control.com)
  • but with more moderate implantation, the contribution of stretch to neointima formation may be underestimated. (bmj.com)
  • The main significance of the team's new tool is that "the RAMS load frame insert enables applying axial loads while the specimen is continuously rotated, which means that we can integrate near-field and far-field high-energy diffraction microscopy methods and microtomography with in situ mechanical testing," said Shade. (aip.org)
  • Holding loads away from the body places greater bio-mechanical stress on the lower back. (hse.gov.uk)