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Oxidative StressAntioxidantsReactive Oxygen SpeciesHydrogen PeroxideLipid PeroxidationSuperoxide DismutaseGlutathioneMalondialdehydeOxidantsCatalaseThiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesProtein CarbonylationOxidation-ReductionGlutathione PeroxidaseF2-IsoprostanesParaquatDeoxyguanosineAcetylcysteineAldehydestert-ButylhydroperoxideGlutathione DisulfideMitochondriaNF-E2-Related Factor 2Ascorbic AcidNADPH OxidaseIsoprostanesFree Radical ScavengersSuperoxidesApoptosisBiological MarkersCells, CulturedRats, WistarVitamin ECell SurvivalHeme Oxygenase-1Disease Models, AnimalVitamin K 3PeroxiredoxinsCyclic N-OxidesGlutathione ReductaseRats, Sprague-DawleyLipid PeroxidesDNA DamageInflammationFree RadicalsNitric OxideSignal TransductionDiamideThioredoxinsButhionine SulfoximineCytoprotectionMice, Inbred C57BLCell DeathBlotting, WesternDinoprostAgingLiverPeroxidesSulfhydryl CompoundsDose-Response Relationship, DrugCell LineTime FactorsReactive Nitrogen SpeciesPlant ExtractsMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMice, Knockoutalpha-TocopherolIronRNA, MessengerEndothelium, VascularThioctic AcidGlutamate-Cysteine LigaseGene Expression RegulationXanthine OxidaseDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalAcetophenonesOxygenHeme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)PeroxidasesUp-RegulationSpin LabelsLongevityReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionProtective AgentsKidneyGlutathione TransferaseMutationPeroxynitrous AcidEnzyme ActivationStress, PhysiologicalModels, BiologicalOxidoreductasesAconitate HydrataseCaspase 3Enzyme InhibitorsNeuroprotective AgentsMyocardiumMetalloporphyrinsDietary SupplementsGene Expression Profiling

ApoptosisLevels of oxidativeH2O2Steady stateCellularMechanismsResponseEffectsConditionsCellLevelDamageCellsDataProductionReactive oxygenSystemicPlants

Apoptosis8

• However, more severe oxidative stress can cause cell death, and even moderate oxidation can trigger apoptosis, while more intense stresses may cause necrosis. (wikipedia.org)
• However, oxidative stress could play salient role in the observed cellular and genetic toxicity and apoptosis-like effects which could be abrogated by antioxidant vitamins and flavonoids, including vitamin E, quercetin, kolaviron, myricetin and bioactive extractives with antioxidant effects. (frontiersin.org)
• Chronic ER stress promotes apoptosis, at least in part through the UPR-induced transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). (jci.org)
• These findings suggest that CHOP is a fundamental factor that links protein misfolding in the ER to oxidative stress and apoptosis in β cells under conditions of increased insulin demand. (jci.org)
• Under oxidative stress, the effects of maltol on cell viability, apoptosis, and neurite outgrowth were assessed. (molvis.org)
• To observe the effect of H2O2 induced oxidative stress on autophagy and apoptosis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). (researchsquare.com)
• Under oxidative stress conditions, hMSCs can promote protective autophagy and reduce cell apoptosis or the level of apoptosis caused by excessive autophagy. (researchsquare.com)
• This experiment intends to activate the oxidative stress response by H2O2, regulate the autophagy level of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), and observe the effect of autophagy on the proliferation and apoptosis of hMSCs under oxidative stress. (researchsquare.com)

Levels of oxidative2

• However, under the severe levels of oxidative stress that cause necrosis, the damage causes ATP depletion, preventing controlled apoptotic death and causing the cell to simply fall apart. (wikipedia.org)
• In addition, we found that isolated islets from Chop -/- mice displayed increased expression of UPR and oxidative stress response genes and reduced levels of oxidative damage. (jci.org)

H2O21

• H2O2 can induce hMSCs to produce oxidative stress response. (researchsquare.com)

Steady state1

• There is also a steady state level of oxidative damages in the DNA of a cell. (wikipedia.org)

Cellular2

• Further, some reactive oxidative species act as cellular messengers in redox signaling. (wikipedia.org)
• Thus, oxidative stress can cause disruptions in normal mechanisms of cellular signaling. (wikipedia.org)

Mechanisms1

• Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are important mechanisms of ventricular remodeling, predisposed to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (mdpi.com)

Response1

• Short-term oxidative stress may also be important in prevention of aging by induction of a process named mitohormesis, and is required to initiate stress response processes in plants. (wikipedia.org)

Effects3

• The effects of oxidative stress depend upon the size of these changes, with a cell being able to overcome small perturbations and regain its original state. (wikipedia.org)
• To evaluate the neuroprotective and neurite outgrowth effects of maltol, a natural aroma compound, on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) under oxidative stress in vitro. (molvis.org)
• there is no definitive study which has shown that maltol effectively protects them from the devastating effects of oxidative stress. (molvis.org)

Conditions2

• Neopterin has been extensively used as a clinical marker of immune activation during inflammation in a wide range of conditions and stresses. (mdpi.com)
• Autophagy is the process of maintaining cell homeostasis under oxidative stress conditions. (researchsquare.com)

Cell2

• In rat urine, about 74,000 oxidative DNA adducts per cell are excreted daily. (wikipedia.org)
• There are about 24,000 oxidative DNA adducts per cell in young rats and 66,000 adducts per cell in old rats. (wikipedia.org)

Level1

• Regarding NF-κB, the active form of phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) increased the oxidative stress level but the maltol treatment again reduced it to an unstressful level. (molvis.org)

Damage3

• Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. (wikipedia.org)
• Oxidative stress from oxidative metabolism causes base damage, as well as strand breaks in DNA. (wikipedia.org)
• DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation is similar to oxidative stress, and these lesions have been implicated in aging and cancer. (wikipedia.org)

Cells1

• This oxidative stress significantly increased the number of TUNEL-positive RGCs, but the maltol drastically reduced the proportion of those apoptotic cells. (molvis.org)

Data1

• Our data revealed that maltol attenuated the oxidative stress-induced injury in the primary mouse RGCs. (molvis.org)

Production2

• Chemically, oxidative stress is associated with increased production of oxidizing species or a significant decrease in the effectiveness of antioxidant defenses, such as glutathione. (wikipedia.org)
• Production of reactive oxygen species is a particularly destructive aspect of oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)

Reactive oxygen3

• Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. (wikipedia.org)
• Production of reactive oxygen species is a particularly destructive aspect of oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)
• In mammals, IIS induces the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and downregulates antioxidants, events that increase oxidative stress and that have been associated with reduced lifespan. (biologists.com)

Systemic2

• However, while ECLS can lead to systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress responses negatively affecting various organs/systems of the body, in ESOP, the absence of the organs that play an important role in oxidant scavenging/antioxidative replenishment of the body, such as liver, may make the perfused organ more susceptible to inflammation and oxidative stress during extracorporeal circulation. (frontiersin.org)
• However, its application has met some limitations as well, with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress being among the most important challenges. (frontiersin.org)

Plants3

• Short-term oxidative stress may also be important in prevention of aging by induction of a process named mitohormesis, and is required to initiate stress response processes in plants. (wikipedia.org)
• Ünyayar, Serpil 2018-05-29 00:00:00 Drought-stressed plants accumulate cyclitols such as myo-inositol, pinitol, quercitol in the cytosol. (deepdyve.com)
• Synthetic myo-inositol was used in the investigation of drought stress tolerance in pepper plants. (deepdyve.com)