• This study was conducted to evaluate ultrastructure, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in sperm of mice treated with 150 mg/l NaF for 49 days. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Based on these findings, it was proposed that oxidative stress induced by excessive ROS may trigger sperm apoptosis through mitochondrial impairment, resulting in decreased fertility in mice exposed to fluoride. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Environmental factors such as hypoxia, oxidative stress and ultraviolet radiation exposure alter LOXL1 expression, and it is likely a combination of these genetic and environmental factors that influence disease development and progression. (nih.gov)
  • The researchers also analyzed lung and liver tissue from the offpsring to measure differences in certain immune markers and expression of genes related to oxidative stress response. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The study's findings, published in the British Journal of Dermatology ​ ​, indicated that oral supplementation with the carotenoids changed the expression of genes that are indicators of oxidative stress, photo-dermatoses and photo-aging. (nutraingredients.com)
  • This study suggests that we are slowing down the aging process, because it prevents the damages caused by UV exposure, including expressions of genes that are biomarkers for skin photo-aging, and oxidative stress on the skin. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Therefore, we suggest that oral supplementation with lycopene-rich TNC and with lutein may be efficient in inhibiting UVA1 radiation-induced oxidative stress responses in general and gene regulatory events involved in photoaging, photocarcinogenesis and photodermatoses specifically. (nutraingredients.com)
  • On the basis of their evidence review, Dr Thomas Münzel (Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany) and colleagues say it's becoming clear that transportation noise is associated with oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, autonomic imbalance and metabolic abnormalities-potentially contributing to the development of cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes, as well as progression of atherosclerosis and increased susceptibility to cardiovascular events. (medscape.com)
  • TCDD for every step of the mechanism described for 2,3,7,8-TCDD carcinogenesis in humans including receptor binding, gene expression, protein activity changes, cellular replication, oxidative stress, promotion in initiation-promotion studies and complete carcinogenesis in laboratory animals. (who.int)
  • Childhood trauma can leave epigenetic marks on a child's genes, which chemically modify gene expression by silencing or activating genes, or DNA methylation. (wikipedia.org)
  • This research has centered primarily around methylation associated with the NR3C1 gene, however research in to the epigenetic impact of trauma has extended to other genes, including KITLG. (wikipedia.org)
  • The epigenetic code is determined by several mechanisms that affect gene expression, the most well-known of which is DNA methylation (See Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
  • This happens because BPA decreases DNA methylation so that more offspring have unmethylated Agouti genes. (cdc.gov)
  • When pregnant mice are exposed to BPA along with a vitamin B cocktail (including B12 and folic acid) which increase methylation of the Agouti gene, the offspring are no longer predominantly yellow and obese. (cdc.gov)
  • Underlying those impairments were changes in DNA methylation-an epigenetic mechanism capable of modifying gene expression-to genes involved in spermatogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA molecules, all of which contribute to the regulation of gene expression. (alliedacademies.org)
  • In the context of adipogenesis, DNA methylation patterns are dynamically regulated, leading to changes in gene expression that impact fat cell development[ 1 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Studies have shown that changes in DNA methylation patterns can affect the expression of genes involved in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Therefore, we assessed associations between occupational exposure to pesticides and genome-wide DNA methylation sites. (bmj.com)
  • Associations between pesticide exposure and 420 938 methylation sites (CpGs) were assessed using robust linear regression adjusted for appropriate confounders. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, we performed genome-wide stratified and interaction analyses by gender, smoking and airway obstruction status, and assessed associations between gene expression and methylation for genome-wide significant CpGs (n=2802). (bmj.com)
  • 0.05) associated with differential DNA methylation of 31 CpGs annotated to 29 genes. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions We show for the first time that occupational exposure to pesticides is genome-wide associated with differential DNA methylation. (bmj.com)
  • Gene alteration may occur via a number of epigenetic and post translational mechanisms such as DNA methylation, long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs. (nih.gov)
  • The change occurred because the environmental exposure altered the methylation pattern in the mouse genome, silencing the agouti gene responsible for yellow fat cell formation. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • The role of DNA methylation and its interaction with gene expression and transcriptome plasticity is poorly understood, and current insight comes mainly from studies in very few model plant species. (nature.com)
  • Here, we study gene body DNA methylation (gbM) and gene expression patterns in ecotypes from contrasting thermal environments of two marine plants with contrasting life history strategies in order to explore the potential role epigenetic mechanisms could play in gene plasticity and responsiveness to heat stress. (nature.com)
  • In silico transcriptome analysis of CpG O/E ratios suggested that the bulk of Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa genes possess high levels of intragenic methylation. (nature.com)
  • We also observed a correlation between gbM and gene expression flexibility: genes with low DNA methylation tend to show flexible gene expression and plasticity under changing conditions. (nature.com)
  • Gene body DNA methylation (gbM) refers to genes with enriched mCG within the transcribed regions and depletion at the transcriptional start and termination sites 16 , 17 . (nature.com)
  • Although the causes and potential functional consequences of gbM for gene expression are not fully understood 22 , genic CG methylation was reported to be associated with gene expression in both plants and animals 17 . (nature.com)
  • As we have previously demonstrated, DNA methylation encapsulates lifetime exposure to blast. (frontiersin.org)
  • This was related to an increased DNMT3a protein association with a discreet region of the Nr3c1 (GR gene) promoter, shown here to undergo increased DNA methylation after FSS. (karger.com)
  • When studying gene expression, researchers often compare gene expression profiles between different biological samples or experimental conditions, such as healthy and diseased tissues, treated and untreated cells, or different developmental stages. (pharmiweb.com)
  • By comparing gene expression patterns during embryogenesis or tissue differentiation, we unravel the molecular events that shape organisms, advancing our understanding of developmental biology. (pharmiweb.com)
  • In a previous report using the resources of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), we found that low-to-moderate i n utero exposure to arsenic, a highly toxic and widespread pollutant, was associated with altered expression of several key developmental genes in the fetal portion of the placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine their relationship with arsenic exposure and with key developmental genes, after stratification by fetal sex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on these results and prior studies, increased AQP9 expression may lead to increased arsenic transport in the female fetal placenta, which in turn may alter the expression patterns of key developmental genes that we have previously shown to be associated with arsenic exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the oldest debates in psychology and developmental science concerns the relative contributions of nature (genes) and nurture (environment) in determining our behavioral and mental traits. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • they set potential limitations and possibilities which interact with specific environmental experiences to shape developmental trajectories. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • There is growing evidence that an organism's environment can have profound impacts on the expression of its genes, without necessarily altering its underlying genetic code. (nature.com)
  • Previous studies on the genetic roots of NDDs have identified several alleles associated with NDD pathology, however, prenatal environmental stressors and toxins are thought to contribute greatly to this recent increase. (duke.edu)
  • Then, during exposure to stress, these cells can develop resistance through genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. (udel.edu)
  • LOXL1 is also downregulated in the lamina cribrosa in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and genetic variants in the LOXL1 gene have been linked with an increased risk of developing pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • However the two major risk alleles are reversed in certain ethnic groups and are present in a large proportion of the normal population, implying complex genetic and environmental regulation is involved in disease pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • But NASA scientists were surprised to find that Scott's DNA, the genetic material that makes up his genes, was now significantly different from his twin. (worldbook.com)
  • While genetic factors set the foundation for our biological traits, environmental factors can modify and shape gene expression throughout life. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • For example, a genetic predisposition for musical talent may not lead to actual musicianship if the individual never receives exposure to music or opportunities to practice it. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • The study of longevity and aging encompasses various aspects such as biological processes, genetic influences, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and psychosocial determinants. (eumag.org)
  • At its core, genetic engineering is the manipulation of DNA and genes. (tomorrow.bio)
  • Understanding the structure and function of DNA and genes is crucial to the development of genetic engineering techniques. (tomorrow.bio)
  • Kabbaj, an associate professor of biomedical sciences at the College of Medicine, is working to establish biological bases of emotion and stress responsiveness at the genetic and other levels and to identify how those levels are affected by environmental factors. (fsu.edu)
  • Due to its intricate mechanisms and the involvement of various genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors, finding a cure for lupus presents numerous obstacles. (simplynature.asia)
  • The exact cause of lupus is still not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. (simplynature.asia)
  • The causes of addiction are multifaceted and can include genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. (brightfuturestreatment.com)
  • Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and behavioral traits all play a role in addiction. (brightfuturestreatment.com)
  • These may include genetic factors, infections, traumatic or toxic exposure or nutritional factors which result in perinatal or postnatal damage. (who.int)
  • Our dietary choices, our exposure to environmental toxins, even our stress levels, affect the expression of those genes," Zhang said. (science20.com)
  • Environmental factors that can lead to epigenetic modifications include external substances, such as toxins or pollutants, as well as exposure to sources of stress. (nature.com)
  • Previous work has shown that sleep appears to be particularly sensitive to environmental stressors and toxins. (duke.edu)
  • Thus, the project I will be working on this summer aims to investigate the mechanisms by which prenatal exposure to environmental toxins impacts the development of neurodevelopmental disorder pathology. (duke.edu)
  • Firstly, how does prenatal exposure to maternal stress and environmental toxins impact sleep patterns in offspring? (duke.edu)
  • The aim of this review was to present the main parameters used for the assessment of neurotoxicity during the initial period of life of rodents until puberty and to carry out a review of the most current literature on the toxic effects of pesticides, medications, licit and illicit drugs, toxins and environmental agents in rodent offspring. (bvsalud.org)
  • These agents have an economic interest, as they are used as pesticides, medications and legal and illegal drugs, in addition to being toxins and environmental contaminants. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, there is a crucial need for an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sexually dimorphic responses in utero, in order to effectively prevent, diagnose and treat the effects of prenatal toxicant exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using single-cell measurements on the level of proteins and messenger RNA molecules that provide cells instructions to survive, combined with modeling of complex regulatory gene networks, we want to uncover mechanisms that drive interconversion between cell states. (udel.edu)
  • Supported by epidemiological data and experimental studies, specific mechanisms have been defined linking environmental perturbations, disrupted fetal and neonatal development and adult ill-health. (mdpi.com)
  • Comparison of PS and AS indicated that ETS exposure and active smoking in pregnancy partly employ the same molecular mechanisms. (nih.gov)
  • To comprehensively explain the mechanisms underlying an organism's response to heat stress , it is essential to investigate and analyze genes that have been under-represented or less well-known in previous studies. (bvsalud.org)
  • We use molecular biology, microscopy (light, fluorescence, ultrastructural), analytical chemistry and immunocytochemistry techniques to investigate the mechanisms underlying the pathologic and functional responses to these environmental exposures. (gulfbase.org)
  • The environment can exert direct or indirect effects on gene expression by altering various molecular mechanisms involved in DNA transcription, processing, translation, folding, and degradation. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Although we cannot discern whether gbM regulates gene expression or vice versa, or if other molecular mechanisms play a role in facilitating transcriptome responsiveness, our findings point to the existence of a relationship between gene responsiveness and gbM patterns in marine plants. (nature.com)
  • The mechanisms by which gene expression, and thus phenotypic plasticity, are influenced and regulated remain poorly understood in most organisms. (nature.com)
  • Since genomic plasticity in response to environmental cues is also determined by changes in gene expression mediated by epigenomic mechanisms, the genome-epigenome relationship across generations will also be uncovered. (illinois.edu)
  • The National Institutes of Health, using new funds provided through the stimulus bill, has awarded Mohamed Kabbaj $400,000 for a two-year study aiming to answer critical elements of a core question related to depression: What are the molecular mechanisms implicated in chronic stress-induced depression? (fsu.edu)
  • "The precise mechanism through which lycopene and lutein inhibit UVA1 radiation-induced gene expression is currently not known but most likely involves anti-oxidative mechanisms," ​wrote the researchers. (nutraingredients.com)
  • This work investigates the molecular mechanisms underpinning stress-induced changes in hippocampal GR mRNA levels in vivo. (karger.com)
  • MAINZ, GERMANY - An updated evidence review strengthens the concept that exposure to environmental noise from road traffic and aircraft may increase the risk for heart disease and gets at the potential underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • This paper makes an important contribution to our understanding of the mechanisms of cardiovascular damage resulting from noise exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Differential Gene Expression analysis is a fundamental tool for identifying genes whose expression levels significantly differ between experimental conditions or biological samples. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Fluoride exposure also significantly elevated the protein expressions of cytochrome c and active caspase-3. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • A total of 196 genes were significantly deregulated in placentas of PS compared to NS. (nih.gov)
  • Climate change has significantly increased the frequency of our exposure to heat , adversely affecting human health and industries . (bvsalud.org)
  • We identified 14 significantly differentially methylated regions (DMRs) within genes associated with cumulative blast exposure in participants with high relative to low cumulative blast exposure. (frontiersin.org)
  • Notably , NTSR1 and SPON1 were significantly differentially methylated in high relative to low blast exposed groups, suggesting that sleep dysregulation may be altered in response to chronic cumulative blast exposure. (frontiersin.org)
  • This alignment process enables the determination of the origin of each read, allowing us to associate it with specific genes or genomic regions. (pharmiweb.com)
  • My research is oriented around measuring and manipulating interactions between genes and their cellular, genomic, environmental, and community contexts giving rise to microbial population behaviours such as antibiotic resistance. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Exposure to chronic stress triples or quadruples the vulnerability to adverse medical outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chronic exposure to the soy isoflavone genistein reduced the number of pre-cancerous lesions in the colons of laboratory rats exposed to a carcinogen by 40 percent and reduced Wnt signaling to normal levels. (science20.com)
  • Repeated exposure creates chronic social defeat in the subordinate male, which has been found to induce long-term behavioral changes similar to depression. (fsu.edu)
  • His work has demonstrated that chronic social defeat induced changes to proteins that wrap around DNA and caused long-term alterations in the expression of some genes thought to be relevant to depression. (fsu.edu)
  • I think there is no doubt anymore that chronic noise exposure, in particular nighttime noise, can cause coronary disease, heart failure, stroke, and arterial hypertension. (medscape.com)
  • The ABOM stresses obesity be considered a chronic disorder that requires lifelong treatment and follow-up. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Altered histone acetylation patterns in response to dietary changes or environmental factors can disrupt the balance between appetite-stimulating and appetite-suppressing signals, potentially contributing to overeating and obesity[ 2 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Secondly, do we observe changes in gene expression patterns and astrocyte physiology in the brains of these mice? (duke.edu)
  • We then plan to isolate RNA from frontal and parietal cortical astrocytes in order to analyze gene expression patterns through quantitative real-time PCR. (duke.edu)
  • Using Illumina Expression Beadchip with 24,526 transcript probes, gene expression patterns were assayed in placentas from PS (N=25) exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) throughout pregnancy and non-exposed (NS) counterparts (N=35), and in cord blood cells from their newborns. (nih.gov)
  • We believe that by studying the patterns of gene expression in the context of known brain circuits that appear to be associated with particular behavioral tendencies, we will begin to point to some key variables that are relevant to human anxiety disorders and major depressive disorders,' Kabbaj said. (fsu.edu)
  • In order to study the patterns of gene expression and establish important markers relevant to human depression, Kabbaj measures emotional responsiveness and reaction to stress in rats. (fsu.edu)
  • New research claims that environmental factors affect not just an individual's genes but those of their offspring too. (cdc.gov)
  • To illustrate the dramatic impact of epigenetics and the influence of modifiable environmental factors, let us look briefly at the example of the Agouti mouse . (cdc.gov)
  • We investigate how individual, social, biological and environmental factors affect human development, health and well-being across the lifespan. (sfu.ca)
  • They say this shows that colon cancer is an epigenetic disease, meaning that dietary and environmental factors can influence genes to be switched on or off so you have a different pattern of gene expression, leading to a change in disease susceptibility. (science20.com)
  • This article explores the fascinating world of epigenetic regulation in the context of obesity, shedding light on how environmental factors can influence gene expression, ultimately impacting our weight and overall health. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Sex-specific factors play a major role in human health and disease, including responses to environmental stresses such as toxicant exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As adults, our health can be influenced by a range of lifestyle and environmental factors, increasing the risk for developing a series of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and obesity. (mdpi.com)
  • Cord blood of newborns of PS displayed differential expression of 116 genes encoding mainly neuronal factors, regulators of immunologic response, and protooncogenes. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists have long known that environmental factors can alter how genes are expressed (how they function) in organisms through epigenetic processes. (worldbook.com)
  • Various factors may switch a particular gene on or off or otherwise change how it is expressed. (worldbook.com)
  • Such environmental factors include nutrition, exposure to certain chemicals, and stress. (worldbook.com)
  • Additionally, collaborative studies will utilize bioengineering tools to direct cell clusters towards in vitro formation of complex, three-dimensional (3D) organoids to explore the impact of environmental factors on reproductive function. (illinois.edu)
  • This highlights a need for further research into the roles of genes on immune and stress response and how those genes interact with environmental factors. (sciencedaily.com)
  • At the molecular level, Kabbaj has shown that these behavioral tendencies are associated with changes in a subset of genes controlled by specific biochemical factors and their DNA sequence. (fsu.edu)
  • Other factors, such as exposure to drugs or alcohol at a young age or living in a high-stress environment, can also increase the risk of addiction. (brightfuturestreatment.com)
  • However, many other factors appear to increase a person's predisposition to obesity, including endocrine disruptors (eg, bisphenol A [BPA]), gut microbiome, sleep/wake cycles, and environmental factors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These abnormalities may be caused by environmental factors that affect the mother, or are inherited via abnormal genes from the carrier or affected parent. (who.int)
  • The study demonstrates that even low dose exposure to ETS during pregnancy leads to the significant deregulation of transcriptional regulation in placental and fetal cells. (nih.gov)
  • Genes in this module are overrepresented by genes involved in transcriptional regulation and other pathways related to neurodevelopment. (bepress.com)
  • Conclusions: Together, transcriptional control in the hippocampus is implicated as a potential underlying mechanism leading to anxiety-like behavior via environmental insults. (bepress.com)
  • Our findings shed light in the mode of the transcriptional changes occurring in the brain during aging and suggest that strategies aiming to broader but more modest changes in gene expression may be preferrable to correct aging-associated deregulation in gene expression. (nsf.gov)
  • Present work thus suggests that sucrose might be acting as an enhancer of transcriptional trigger to the genes of steviol glycoside biosynthesis pathway that could positively manipulate the production of steviol glycosides. (scialert.net)
  • The current data support previous findings and recapitulate transcriptional regulatory alterations in genes involved in sleep, auditory function, and pain. (frontiersin.org)
  • Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure is associated with a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • Some studies have also tightness, difficulty in breathing, insomnia, effects associated with pesticide exposures is indicated that pesticide exposure is associated confusion, and difficulty concentrating. (cdc.gov)
  • In the hypothalamus, histone modifications have been linked to the regulation of genes involved in appetite control and energy homeostasis. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Traumatic experiences during childhood causes stress that increases an individual's allostatic load and thus affects the immune system, nervous system, and endocrine system. (wikipedia.org)
  • These signals can activate or silence genes, impacting their activity and ultimately influencing phenotype - an individual's observable characteristics. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • By subjecting DEGs to gene ontology enrichment analysis, pathway analysis, or functional annotation, we gain insights into the biological processes, molecular functions, and pathways associated with the observed gene expression changes. (pharmiweb.com)
  • In our study, we report a change in the expression of three genes that control an important signaling pathway," said senior author Hong Chen, a University of Illinois professor of food science and human nutrition. (science20.com)
  • In present study, we analyzed the effect of varying sucrose (1, 3 and 5%) concentrations on the genes involved in steviol glycoside biosynthesis pathway and content of steviol glycosides. (scialert.net)
  • Presence of two functional copies of these genes has suggested their efficient role in steviol glycoside biosynthesis pathway as well. (scialert.net)
  • Given longitudinal findings from observational data on the pathway from WTC exposures to PTSD to respiratory illness and supportive biological data, ecogenomics is the logical next step for understanding immune dysregulation and thus increased persistence of symptoms over time. (cdc.gov)
  • Gene ontology analyses highlighted some important biological processes that might be associated with placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction in PS, such as fatty acid catabolism, coagulation, regulation of growth, and response to steroid hormone stimulus. (nih.gov)
  • We performed enrichment, protein-protein interaction network , and transcription factor target gene analyses for these genes . (bvsalud.org)
  • Our expertise is diverse -- including human ecology, social determinants of health, child development and mental health, epidemiology, public policy and interventions, environmental toxicology, and epigenetics and physiology of human development. (sfu.ca)
  • Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the DNA sequence itself. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Epigenetics refers to changes in gene function that occur without altering DNA sequence. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Gene Ontology analysis in both species, for the genes that exhibited inverse transcriptomic coordination during aging pointed to alterations in the perception of smell, a known impairment occurring during aging. (nsf.gov)
  • We found that maternal arsenic exposure was strongly associated with expression of the AQP9 gene, encoding an aquaglyceroporin transporter, in female but not male fetal placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In my mentor's previous work, she identified that a prenatal combined diesel exhaust particle and maternal stress (DEP/MS) paradigm results in neurodevelopmental disorder pathology in offspring. (duke.edu)
  • The ETS exposure was evaluated by questionnaire disclosure and cotinine measurement in maternal and cord bloods. (nih.gov)
  • Exposure to tobacco smoke was further evaluated by measurement of plasma cotinine levels in maternal peripheral blood and newborn cord blood using radioimmunoassay. (nih.gov)
  • Methods: We model FASD in mice via prenatal alcohol exposure and further induce early life stress through maternal separation. (bepress.com)
  • Environmental exposures, particularly during pregnancy, can have long-lasting and devastating health impacts and exert long-ranging effects on maternal and child health. (illinois.edu)
  • Additionally, many reproductive age women consume diets high in saturated fat and experience stress in their daily lives, with recent evidence suggesting that maternal obesity and stress may be linked to impaired reproductive function. (illinois.edu)
  • The good news is that a diet rich in soy genistein represses those signals through epigenetic modifications at the regulatory regions of those genes," said first author Yukun Zhang, a doctoral student in Chen's laboratory. (science20.com)
  • Wang's study is the first to establish that low dissolved oxygen can adversely impact the reproductive potential of subsequent generations in addition to the individual directly exposed, suggesting that environmental managers and regulatory bodies may need to consider longer-term costs when evaluating the harm caused by aquatic hypoxia. (nature.com)
  • Improving the regulatory environmental risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals: Required changes in the new legislation. (janusinfo.se)
  • 2014. Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in human subjects following a 36 h fast provides evidence of effects on genes regulating inflammation, apoptosis and energy metabolism . (hutton.ac.uk)
  • To extend our knowledge on molecular effects of tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy, we analyzed transcriptome alterations in passive smokers (PS) and compared them to those in active smokers (AS). (nih.gov)
  • Abstract Background Genes that belong to the same network are frequently co-expressed, but collectively, how the coordination of the whole transcriptome is perturbed during aging remains unclear. (nsf.gov)
  • To explore this, we calculated the correlation of each gene in the transcriptome with every other, in the brain of young and older outbred deer mice (P. leucopus and P. maniculatus). (nsf.gov)
  • In addition, the authors say a transcriptome analysis of aortic tissues from animals exposed to aircraft noise revealed changes in the expression of genes responsible for the regulation of vascular function, vascular remodeling, and cell death. (medscape.com)
  • A recent focus has been on the relationship between in utero exposure to these pollutants and subsequent potentiation of atherosclerotic and allergic responses. (gulfbase.org)
  • Penn A, Rouse R, Horohov D, Paulsen D., Lomax L and Kearney, M. In utero exposure to environmental tobacco smoke potentiates adult responses to allergen in Balb/c mice. (gulfbase.org)
  • In genetics and genomics research, gene expression refers to the process by which information encoded in a gene's DNA sequence is converted into functional proteins or RNA molecules. (pharmiweb.com)
  • After identifying Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs), we delve deeper into their functional significance. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Further functional analysis of these genes can contribute to coping with climate change and potentially lead to technological advancements . (bvsalud.org)
  • Unlike other plants, the genes encoding enzymes CDPS, KS and KO were reported to be present in duplicate functional forms in Stevia . (scialert.net)
  • These overlapping splicing events impacted multiple genes involved in phototransduction and neuronal function. (nsf.gov)
  • At the core of his interest are multi-drug efflux pumps and gene expression programmes that mediate bacterial survival and adaptation to antibiotic exposure. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Evidence for wastewaters as environments where mobile antibiotic resistance genes emerge. (janusinfo.se)
  • By analyzing the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously, researchers can identify genes that are upregulated (higher expression) or downregulated (lower expression) in one condition compared to another. (pharmiweb.com)
  • In the study, researchers modeled lifetime exposure to soy by feeding pregnant rats and their offspring a diet containing soy protein isolate and a diet that contained genistein compound. (science20.com)
  • Thirty-one chapters, written by internationally renowned researchers in their respective fields, have been selected from presentations at the 6th International Symposium on Advanced Environmental Monitoring, held June 26-30, 2006 in Heidelberg, Germany. (epa.gov)
  • In a study published in the journal Antioxidants , researchers from Texas A&M University and the University of Florida worked to clarify how a gene related to oxidant response known as Nrf2 affects fetal development in an experimental model. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To better understand the role of Nrf2 during development and clarify how ultrafine particles affect health, researchers exposed both unmodified animal models and those that have had the Nrf2 genes knocked out to fresh, filtered air and air containing ultrafine particles like those found in diesel exhaust, a common pollutant in urban areas. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using NanoString technology, we further analyzed the fetal placenta samples from the NHBCS for the expression of genes encoding arsenic transporters and metabolic enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results suggest that AQP9 is upregulated in response to arsenic exposure in female, but not male, fetal placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the anemia is often normocytic, mild macrocytosis can also be observed in association with stress erythropoiesis and elevated fetal hemoglobin levels. (medscape.com)
  • These findings indicate that these genes may interact differently with environmental exposures and types of violent behavior. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings point to the lack of a functioning Nrf2 gene being a main contributor to the differences between the groups. (sciencedaily.com)
  • He hopes politicians create laws to protect people from environmental stressors and "take into account in particular the new findings concerning noise pollution and cardiovascular disease and to acknowledge noise as a cardiovascular risk factor," he said. (medscape.com)
  • They are also more likely to develop a "heightened stress response" which can make it difficult for them to regulate their emotions, lead to sleep difficulties, lower immune function, and increase the risk of a number of physical illnesses throughout adulthood. (wikipedia.org)
  • They found that about 7 percent of Scott's genes, including those involved in bone formation, DNA repair, oxygen use, the immune system , and eyesight, had altered function when compared to Mark's genes. (worldbook.com)
  • however, the exact ways pollutants have these effects and the roles of genes related to immune function and stress response are not fully understood. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The gene Nrf2 is known to affect immune function and stress response in adults, but research on the effects of this gene in infants and children has been explored less. (sciencedaily.com)
  • July 12, 2018, MSc thesis defence: Crista Bartolomeu, A Randomized Controlled Trial of Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and the Development of Allergic Sensitization in the First Year of Life. (sfu.ca)
  • For example, air pollution exposure is associated with increased risk of low birth weight, preterm birth and risk for developing asthma later in life. (sciencedaily.com)
  • DEGs, or Differentially Expressed Genes, are genes whose expression levels show significant differences between two or more conditions or experimental groups. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Variation in plasmid copy numbers from cell to cell may lead to significant differences in gene expression across a colony of cells. (caltech.edu)
  • 2015. AtRTD - a comprehensive reference transcript dataset resource for accurate quantification of transcript-specific expression in Arabidopsis thaliana . (hutton.ac.uk)
  • Hypermethylation of specific CpG sites in the promoter regions of genes can silence their expression, while hypomethylation can activate gene transcription. (alliedacademies.org)
  • For instance, hypermethylation of the promoter region of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) gene, a master regulator of adipogenesis, can suppress its expression, impairing fat cell formation. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The meta-analysis of these data identified 76 upregulated and 37 downregulated genes common to both humans and mice . (bvsalud.org)
  • Although more work lies ahead, this study demonstrates that the absence of a functioning Nrf2 gene affects prenatal growth of animal models, especially when exposed to ultrafine particulate air pollution in utero. (sciencedaily.com)
  • including exposure to pesticides, affects their health. (cdc.gov)
  • Expression profile clustering using WGCNA identifies a set of transcripts, module 19, associated with anxiety-like behavior (r = 0.79, p = 0.002) as well as treatment group (r = 0.68, p = 0.015). (bepress.com)
  • Guided by the catalyst model of aggression, risk alleles identified in previous studies were hypothesized to be associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in the presence of financial stressors, a possible environmental trigger. (cdc.gov)
  • Androgens (steroid hormones) are fat soluble, meaning they can pass into the cell's nucleus, bind to specific receptors and genes and trigger the cell to make proteins. (nfpt.com)
  • Lifelong exposure to soy genistein, a bioactive component in soy foods, protects against colon cancer by repressing a signal that leads to accelerated growth of cells, polyps, and eventually malignant tumors, according to a new paper. (science20.com)
  • DGE analysis elucidates how genes respond to environmental stimuli, such as heat stress, chemical exposure, or pathogen infection. (pharmiweb.com)
  • In the plants being exposed to environmental stresses, ion channels are likely activated to convert these external stimuli into intracellular signals. (globalsciencebooks.info)
  • Reappearance of the rash may occur for several weeks following nonspecific stimuli such as change in temperature, sunlight, and emotional stress. (cdc.gov)
  • Unraveling the underlying molecular pathways enhances our comprehension of stress responses and enables the development of strategies to mitigate their impact. (pharmiweb.com)
  • To investigate these effects, scientists will explore the molecular pathways that are affected in response to environmental exposure among reproductive organs. (illinois.edu)
  • Instead, it involves modifications to the structure of DNA and associated proteins, which can silence or activate genes. (alliedacademies.org)
  • So, there is diversity in the expression of various proteins inside the cell and that makes them different. (udel.edu)
  • The mechanism to induce stress is social defeat, created by introducing subordinate male rats to the environment of an aggressive, dominant male rat. (fsu.edu)
  • We study cardiovascular and respiratory system responses to air pollutant exposure, particularly to second-hand smoke and petrochemical combustion products. (gulfbase.org)
  • World Trade Center disaster responders exhibit persistent symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and respiratory illness linked to the severity of their exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • As a direct result of the toxic exposure at the World Trade Center, responders exhibit persistent symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and respiratory illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Many of the studies indicate that pesticide physiology, pharmacology, epidemiology, soci- toms such as respiratory problems, memory exposure is associated with deficits in cogni- ological studies, and the emerging area of disorders, dermatologic conditions, cancer, tive function. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, AQP9 expression associated with that of a subset of female-specific arsenic-responsive genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, these results support the conclusion that in most cases the transfer of organic pollutants to aquatic organisms from microplastic in the diet is likely a small contribution compared to other natural pathways of exposure. (researchgate.net)
  • 2002), new occupational exposure has been confined to four groups of workers: personnel replacing or repairing transformers and capacitors still containing PCB dielectric fluid (Altenkirch et al. (who.int)
  • FSS did not affect GR binding to a putative negative glucocorticoid response element within the Nr3c1 gene. (karger.com)
  • Heat stress is an environmental stress defined as the exposure of organisms and cells to abnormally high temperatures . (bvsalud.org)
  • DGE analysis facilitates the identification of genes responsive to specific drug treatments. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Genes are segments of DNA that control specific traits. (tomorrow.bio)
  • For example, they have identified specific genes that are responsible for certain diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. (tomorrow.bio)
  • Importantly, millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic at lower levels than those witnessed in the above populations, but which are close to or exceed the US Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA MCL) of 10 μg/L [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seven out of 31 CpGs were associated with gene expression levels. (bmj.com)
  • On top of that, as part of the photo-aging process we have evidence of the effect of our ingredients on the levels of expression of genes involved in collagen degradation, suggesting a link not only to skin health but also to skin appearance. (nutraingredients.com)
  • FSS also caused a time-dependent increase in the expression of miR-124a, a microRNA known to reduce GR mRNA expression, which was inversely correlated with a reduction in GR mRNA levels 30 min after FSS. (karger.com)
  • Nighttime noise has also been shown to decrease sleep quality and increase stress hormone levels. (medscape.com)
  • The interaction of dopamine genes and financial stressors to predict adulthood intimate partner violence perpetration. (cdc.gov)
  • Gas exchange was monitored every 10 days, and at harvest, bioaccumulation of Ce and Zn in tissues was determined by ICP-OES/MS. The effects of NPs exposure on nutrient concentration and distribution in ears were also evaluated by ICP-OES and μ-XRF. (acs.org)
  • Exposure to pollution during pregnancy can have many adverse effects in infants and children that can even extend into adulthood. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Exposure to pollution had no notable effects in unmodified animal models, which may indicate Nrf2 playing some protective role during pregnancy. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Supplements of a lycopene-rich tomato nutrient complex or lutein may protect against the damaging effects of UV exposure on the skin, says a new study. (nutraingredients.com)
  • The bill called for a review of the cognitive effects of blast exposure including both the effects of successive blast events, and the feasibility of understanding the cumulative (lifetime or annual) limits of blast exposure ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • and the effects on lifestyle (diet, stress, and exercise). (medscape.com)
  • Ruder AM. Potential health effects of occupational chlorinated solvent exposure. (who.int)
  • health effects except in cases of acute pesticide exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • These associations were sex-dependent, suggesting that in utero arsenic exposure differentially impacts male and female fetuses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A significant increase of the bpm in adults exposed to high concentrations of smoked CB leachate was observed after 48 h of exposure. (easychair.org)
  • In the yellow mouse, a region of the DNA is unmethylated which makes the nearby Agouti gene turned on all the time, while in the brown mouse, the region is methylated and the Agouti gene is turned off. (cdc.gov)
  • This analysis enables us to pinpoint genes that play pivotal roles in phenotypic variation, disease development, or response to treatments. (pharmiweb.com)
  • We incorporate diverse approaches in experimental evolution, mathematics, systems microbiology, engineering and instrumentation to understand how interactions between cells shape bacterial community behaviours, the value of environmental sensing and phenotypic variation in fluctuating environments, and how phenotypes broadly respond to mutation. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • On the other hand, hypomethylation of genes associated with lipid storage and adipocyte development can promote adipogenesis. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Methods 1561 subjects of LifeLines were included with either no (n=1392), low (n=108) or high (n=61) exposure to any type of pesticides (estimated based on current or last held job). (bmj.com)
  • Millions of workers worldwide are exposed daily to occupational pesticide exposure, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • Among the genes that exhibited the most pronounced inversion in their coordination profiles during aging was THBS4, that encodes for thrombospondin-4, a protein that was recently identified as rejuvenation factor in mice. (nsf.gov)
  • Rouse R, Boudreaux M and Penn A. In utero environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure alters gene expression in lungs of adult Balb/c mice. (gulfbase.org)