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Here, we report a new strain with chromosomally integrated ethanologenic pathway under the control of a constitutive promoter, without recombinant plasmids and resistance genes. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we determined the fitness effects of the major antibiotic resistance plasmid pOXA-48_K8 in wild-type, ecologically compatible enterobacterial isolates from the human gut microbiota. (nature.com)
Some of the most clinically relevant resistance genes, such those encoding carbapenemases (ß-lactamase enzymes able to degrade carbapenem antibiotics), are carried on conjugative plasmids that spread across high-risk bacterial clones 5 , 6 . (nature.com)
The bla IMI-2 em resistance of the imipenem-resistant enterobacterial gene was located on a self-transferable 66-kb plasmid. (cdc.gov)
A previous study identified 30 imipenem-resistant, the most potent -lactam antimicrobial drugs for gram-negative strains out of 1,861 ampicillin-resistant, avoiding resistance in gram-negative rods. (cdc.gov)
Fourteen additional antibiotic resistance genes were identified by the genetic analysis of this strain from Zimbabwe. (pasteur.fr)
Before this epidemic, an antibacterial resistance structure in the bacterial chromosome of cholera vibrios prevented the acquisition of such resistance plasmids and thus stabilised the content of resistance genes. (pasteur.fr)
Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has become one of the greatest challenges for clinical microbiologists and healthcare practitioners worldwide. (karger.com)
Acquisition of resistance genes has proven to be difficult to characterize and is largely uncontrollable in the environment. (karger.com)
Here we sought to characterize conjugal horizontal gene transfer of plasmid-encoded fluoroquinolone resistance genes from two strains of Enterobacteriaceae, one clinical and one from a municipal wastewater treatment plant environment. (karger.com)
Escherichia coli strain LR09, containing a plasmid with the aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr fluoroquinolone resistance gene, did not conjugate with any of the 15 strains tested, while Enterobacter aerogenes strain YS11 conjugated with two strains of E. coli . (karger.com)
Frasson I, Cavallaro A, Bergo C, Richter SN, Palu G: Prevalence of aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr plasmid-mediated and chromosome-encoded fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in Italy. (karger.com)
Hata M, Suzuki M, Matsumoto M, Takahashi M, Sato K, Ibe S, Sakae K: Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b. (karger.com)
His main research interests concern the identification of genes and enzymes involved in this pathway, the regulation of this metabolism, the mode of action of antibiotics and bacteriocins interfering with this pathway and the corresponding resistance mechanisms, as well as the molecular bases for the recognition of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan by host innate immunity mechanisms. (degruyter.com)
Analysis of the mechanisms of inhibition between conjugative plasmids could provide new alternatives to fight antibiotic resistance dissemination. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding the interaction network between transmissible plasmids is essential to know how the main carriers of antibiotic resistance genes disseminate in the environment. (frontiersin.org)
One of the current projects examines the role of plasmids in antimicrobial resistance gene transmission in order to elucidate the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer among commensal E. coli transmitted between domestic animals and children. (yale.edu)
The team's initial work has identified plasmids, rather than dissemination of clonal E. coli strains, as the primary mechanism by which antimicrobial resistance is spread between children and animals, including within small-scale livestock and poultry production systems that are widespread in low- and middle-income countries. (yale.edu)
Sequence analysis demonstrates the presence of this gene in other bla(KPC) Tn4401-containing plasmids and suggests that this signature MS peak may be useful in tracking other plasmids conferring carbapenem resistance. (nih.gov)
The emergence and spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in intensive care units (ICU) is said to be due to clonal dissemination of a few epidemic strains as well as horizontal transmission of resistance gene-carrying plasmids among bacterial organisms (Wu et al . (scialert.net)
This resistance has spread to strains of E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria (Iroha et al . (scialert.net)
In Staphylococcus aureus, the phage-mediated acquisition of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that encode virulence and antibiotic resistance genes largely contribute to its evolutionary adaptation and genetic plasticity. (bvsalud.org)
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most relevant mastitis pathogens in dairy cattle, and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes presents a significant health issue in both veterinary and human fields. (bvsalud.org)
These strains exhibit decreased susceptibility or resistance to ceftriaxone, thereby complicating empiric therapy for serious Salmonella infections. (cdc.gov)
The traditional metagenomic screening approach for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) relies on laboratory strains of Escherichia coli as bacterial hosts, leaving us blind to ARGs that provide resistance specifically in clinically relevant pathogens. (brc.hu)
The Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index shows the themucoid strains with a high MAR index range of 0.7 - 1.0 with a median MAR index of 0.8, while the non-mucoid strains had a MAR index of 0.2 - 0.8 with a median MAR index of 0.35. (scirp.org)
The data suggest that the mucoid phenotype could be associated with extrachromsomal element(s) carrying resistance genes to antibiotics and that these extrachromosomal elements may not harbour resistance determinants to chloramphenicol. (scirp.org)
Furthermore, the extrachromosomal elements bearing the mucoid phenotype and the resistance elements in the mucoid strains do not significantly impact on the fitness of the cognate strain. (scirp.org)
Methodology: The genetic determinants of the antimicrobial resistance of 25 selected multiresistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis referred to the National Reference Center for Enterobacteria (NRCE) in Dakar were investigated using molecular techniques. (bvsalud.org)
Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)
This report presents the status of AMR in Africa by analysing the main types of resistance and the underlying genes where possible. (who.int)

We previously engineered an Escherichia coli strain for optimized bioethanol production from lactose-rich wastewater like concentrated whey permeate (CWP), a dairy effluent obtained from whey valorization processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptomycin-resistant Escherichia carbapenemases have been reported as a source of nosoco- coli DH10B strain was used in cloning and conjugation mial infections in U.S. hospitals (11-15). (cdc.gov)
Bacterial cancer therapy was developed using probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) for medical intervention of colorectal cancer. (nature.com)
In this study, choline dehydrogenase ( betA ) gene encoding for glycine betaine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli isolated from salted shark ( Scoliodon sp. (scialert.net)
Escherichia coli JM109 and plasmid pTZ57R/T (MBI Fermentas, Hanover, Maryland, USA) were used as transformation host and cloning vector, respectively. (scialert.net)
Plasmid vectors have been developed, mutants can be isolated by various mutagenic treatments, and various genes have been cloned in heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli (17). (moam.info)
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 conducted by PCR using a combina- oxyimino-cephalosporins and mono- was used as a control strain. (who.int)

Although attractive fermentation performances were reached, significant improvements are required to eliminate recombinant plasmids, antibiotic resistances and inducible promoters, and increase ethanol tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections , and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. (wikipedia.org)
The antibiotic susceptibility rate showed that the mucoid strains compared to the non-mucoid were more resistant to nine out of 10 antibiotics. (scirp.org)
The non-mucoid strains showed no complete resistant to any antibiotic tested but had a higher resistant rate to chloramphenicol only. (scirp.org)
Antibiotic disks were purchased gene. (who.int)

Our results show that although pOXA-48_K8 produced an overall reduction in bacterial fitness, it produced small effects in most bacterial hosts, and even beneficial effects in several isolates. (nature.com)
We identified the imipenem-resist- isolate that shared 99% and 97% amino acid identity with ant, gram-negative strains recovered from that study and the chromosome-encoded -lactamases IMI-1 and NmcA, analyzed the molecular mechanism involved in carbapen- respectively, from E. cloacae clinical isolates. (cdc.gov)
To further investigate the genomic diversity among this group and to help characterize lineages of the plague organism that have no sequenced members, we present here the genomes of two isolates of the "classical" antiqua biovar, strains Antiqua and Nepal516. (asm.org)
This plasmid peak was present in spectra from retrospectively analyzed K. pneumoniae outbreak isolates, concordant with results from whole-genome sequencing, and absent from a diverse control set of bla(KPC)-negative clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates. (nih.gov)
The diversity has been examined of the plasmids and of the gene tdnQ, involved in oxidative deamination of aniline in three bacterial isolates that are able to metabolise both aniline and 3-chloroaniline (3-CA). Strains A and B were isolated in this study from a wastewater treatment plant and were identified as Comamonas testosterone and Delftia acidovorans, respectively. (sciepub.com)
We found that some isolates, including strain B1 from North Dakota, USA, lack extracellular protease activity. (usda.gov)
Genomic analysis revealed a 16 amino acid deletion in the protease gene in isolates lacking protease activity, including strain B1. (usda.gov)

Incorporating our fitness results into a simple population dynamics model revealed a new set of conditions for plasmid stability in bacterial communities, with plasmid persistence increasing with bacterial diversity and becoming less dependent on conjugation. (nature.com)
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal mobile genetic elements able to transfer between bacteria through conjugation 1 . (nature.com)
Conjugation was dissimilar between the two strains. (karger.com)
Bacteria display a variety of mechanisms to control plasmid conjugation. (frontiersin.org)
Among them, fertility inhibition (FI) systems prevent conjugation of co-resident plasmids within donor cells. (frontiersin.org)
In this work, inhibition of conjugation of broad host range IncW plasmids was analyzed in the presence of a set of co-resident plasmids. (frontiersin.org)
Strong FI systems against plasmid R388 conjugation were found in IncF/MOB F12 as well as in IncI/MOB P12 plasmids, represented by plasmids F and R64, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
It was also discovered that the R388 gene osa , which affects T-DNA transfer, also prevented conjugation of IncP-1/MOB P11 plasmids represented by plasmids RP4 and R751. (frontiersin.org)
Conjugation experiments of different mobilizable plasmids, helped by either FI-susceptible or FI-resistant transfer systems, demonstrated that the conjugative component affected by both PifC and Osa was the type IV conjugative coupling protein. (frontiersin.org)
Since the relevant products act in trans , the FinOP system collaterally inhibits conjugation of related plasmids ( Frost and Koraimann, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)
Beyond FinOP, there exist "unusual" FI systems that affect conjugation of unrelated co-resident plasmids. (frontiersin.org)
Two genes of IncP-1α plasmids, fiwA and fiwB , block conjugation of IncW plasmids ( Fong and Stanisich, 1989 ). (frontiersin.org)
The method used is known as conjugation, which is a technique utilised by certain bacterial groups to transfer their traits to other bacteria. (eurekalert.org)
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular typing, characterization of ESBL-encoding genes and the genetic environment, conjugation experiments and plasmid analysis were carried out. (who.int)

Second, studies tend to analyse the fitness effects of a single plasmid in a single bacterium. (nature.com)
A rapid matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-based method for single-plasmid tracking in an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. (nih.gov)
Here, we demonstrate that real-time, direct tracking of a single plasmid in a bacterial strain responsible for an outbreak is possible using a commercial matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system. (nih.gov)
The bacterium harbored a single plasmid (pSK4), which resisted curing and which, after genetic marking by a transposon (SK4Tn5), could be mobilized into a pseudomonad. (tamu.edu)

The intrinsic limitation of P BAD for the gene expression is known to be negated by glucose and afflicted with all-or-nothing induction in host bacteria. (nature.com)
strains of bacteria lacking the plasmid are unable to produce toxin. (wikipedia.org)
For example, all conjugative plasmids code for exclusion systems that act in recipient bacteria to prevent competition between identical plasmid backbones, block uneconomical excess of conjugative transfer, and protect recipients from lethal zygosis ( Garcillan-Barcia and de la Cruz, 2008 ). (frontiersin.org)
FI systems are best known as regulators of plasmid transfer in donor bacteria. (frontiersin.org)
The spread of plasmids, which carry traits useful for bacteria, can be rapid among bacterial communities. (eurekalert.org)
Bacteriophage transduction is the major mechanism of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) among many bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
Despite phage replication in these matrices, lysis of the bacteria was slower than phage propagation, and no reduction of the bacterial population was observed. (bvsalud.org)
The grant funds development of molecular biological tools to enable research on genes that are difficult to grow in bacteria. (technologynetworks.com)
This will expand research on genes that are difficult to propagate in bacteria," explained Dr. John Mulligan, President and CEO. (technologynetworks.com)
this gene is a very useful reporter in other gram-negative bacteria because its activity can be measured by a very sensitive assay ($105-fold more sensitive than conventional reporters such as b-galactosidase) and its expression can be quantified by very simple methods, such as a droplet-freezing assay (6, 22, 9). (moam.info)
This recombinant DNA plasmid was then inserted into bacteria. (pressbooks.pub)
This recombinant plasmid can then be used to transform bacteria, which gain the ability to produce the insulin protein. (pressbooks.pub)
We observed CsrS-dependent regulation of 72 of the 73 genes whose expression changed in response to elevated extracellular Mg(2+) in wild-type bacteria, a result that identifies CsrS as the principal, if not exclusive, sensor for extracellular Mg(2+) in GAS. (lu.se)
After ingestion of infected blood, the bacteria survive in the midgut of the flea owing to a plasmid-encoded phospholipase D that protects them from digestive juices. (medscape.com)

Third, most mathematical models of plasmid population biology study clonal or near-clonal populations. (nature.com)
DNA fingerprinting by macrorestriction of genomic DNA revealed a single related group suggesting that strains might be clonal. (bvsalud.org)

Her main research interests have been the study of Mur ligases from different bacterial species and the search for inhibitors of these enzymes. (degruyter.com)
For more than 30 years, his main research interests have been the functional and structural study of the enzymes of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, the determination of the structure of peptidoglycan from certain bacterial species, and the search for peptidoglycan biosynthesis inhibitors that could act as antibacterial agents. (degruyter.com)
In addition, in silico analysis of FI proteins suggests that they represent recent acquisitions of conjugative plasmids, i.e., are not shared by members of the same plasmid species. (frontiersin.org)
The results presented here clearly demonstrate the differences between the two biovar antiqua lineages and support the notion that grouping Y. pestis strains based strictly on the classical definition of biovars (predicated upon two biochemical assays) does not accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships within this species. (asm.org)
Inositol is a polyol that is not synthesized in most bacterial species. (biomedcentral.com)
Strain SK-4, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrader previously reported to utilize di-ortho-substituted biphenyl, was genotypically re-characterized as a species of Cupriavidus. (tamu.edu)
The ubiquitous presence of many of these species in plants and other natural habitats makes bacterial ice nucleation a common phenomenon in nature and a major factor contributing to frost damage to agronomic crops (reference and references therein). (moam.info)
To address this issue, DEEPMINE employs modified bacteriophage transducing particles to deliver large metagenomic plasmid libraries into a wide range of bacterial species, allowing us to perform metagenomic screens in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens from the Enterobacteriaceae family. (brc.hu)
1] Animal experimentation is going on all over the world the genes from chicken, cows, rats and humans have been engineered into commercial fish species in order to increase the growth rates- GM salmon, for instance, have been engineered to reach six times their natural size. (jesus-is-savior.com)
genomes may elucidate genes that are unique to those species of spirochetes associated with ticks. (cdc.gov)

Natural competence is a mode of horizontal gene transfer, which is based on the ability of a bacterium to take up free DNA from the environment and recombine it with the bacterial genome resulting in natural transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
In the process, a bacterium produces a copy of its plasmid, a ring-shaped piece of DNA in the bacterium. (eurekalert.org)
Next, the bacterium transfers the plasmid to an adjacent bacterium. (eurekalert.org)
An effective profenofos and λ-cyhalothrin degrading bacterium (strain DB17) was isolated from soil samples collected from Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. (omicsonline.org)
The virulence of this bacterium results from the 32 Y pestis chromosomal genes and two Y pestis -specific plasmids, constituting the only new genetic material acquired since its evolution from its predecessor. (medscape.com)

Please acknowledge the Principal Investigator, cite the article in which the plasmids were described, and include Addgene in the Materials and Methods of your future publications. (addgene.org)

A comparison of four virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the genetic basis of virulence to humans. (asm.org)
Thanks to a recent breakthrough made at the University of Helsinki, Finland, with researchers from the National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan, features have now been successfully added to the LGG probiotic without gene editing, making it thrive and grow in milk. (eurekalert.org)
Here we describe our studies on the genetic organization of phages infecting Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen of human importance, by using an assembly of tools for gene annotation, identification of expression components, and phylogeny analysis. (bvsalud.org)
The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) solution is a technology that consists of three specialized bacterial strains and seven plasmids, developed around a genetic system in E. coli that was harnessed into an enabling platform technology, allowing for highly efficient, rapid, and direct manipulation of larger DNA sequences (up to 100kb) than previously enabled by conventional molecular biology methods. (federallabs.org)
This system, called recombineering, has revolutionized genetic engineering techniques, including the modification of genes on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and the generation of conditional knockout mice. (federallabs.org)
The analysis showed great genetic diversity of the different strains between countries and regions. (bvsalud.org)
However, several other routine methods and tools for molecular genetic investigations, including the use of reporter genes for analysis of gene transcription and promoter function, have not yet been developed in Z. mobilis. (moam.info)
Recall that these mechanisms are examples of horizontal gene transfer -the transfer of genetic material between cells of the same generation. (pressbooks.pub)

1413B were used as strains that produce the chromosome- enzymes (NmcA, IMI-1, Sme-1/Sme-2) (2,4-9). (cdc.gov)
The synthesis of the peptide stem of bacterial peptidoglycan involves four enzymes, the Mur ligases (MurC, D, E and F). Among them, MurD is responsible for the ATP-dependent addition of d -glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc- l -Ala, a reaction which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. (degruyter.com)
Recently, bacterial glycine betaine synthesizing enzymes have become a major target in developing stress tolerant crop plants of economic interest. (scialert.net)
The creation of recombinant DNA molecules is possible due to the use of naturally occurring restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes), bacterial enzymes produced as a protection mechanism to cut and destroy foreign cytoplasmic DNA that is most commonly a result of bacteriophage infection. (pressbooks.pub)

The betA gene sequence reported in this study contains several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)
Many of these genes encode proteins that slow or prevent bacterial growth even when expressed at very low levels. (technologynetworks.com)
Conjugate vaccines in which polysaccharide antigens are covalently linked to carrier proteins belong to the most effective and safest vaccines against bacterial pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)

The set of tools under development at Blue Heron Bio will block functional protein expression and allow the propagation of recombinant plasmids using standard, high-copy vectors, potentially replacing the need for special growth conditions, low-copy vectors, special bacterial strains and other non-standard techniques. (technologynetworks.com)

E. coli strain GB08-red enables recombineering of plasmids and BACs without the necessity to maintain an expression plasmid in the cells since the necessary. (biosave.com)
Part of GoldenGate Yarrowia lipolytica toolkit for assembling an expression plasmid for Y. lipolytic yeast. (addgene.org)

PCR) of mixed culture was used for the characterized biochemically according to detection of diarrheogenic E. coli strains. (who.int)

These rare carbapenemases may be either were used as reference strains (Institut Pasteur strain col- plasmid-mediated metallo--lactamases (IMP- and VIM- lection, Paris, France). (cdc.gov)
The Enteric Bacterial Pathogens Unit at the Institut Pasteur (Paris) took part to the study of a strain of Vibrio cholerae (Vibrio cholerae O1) responsible for this epidemic. (pasteur.fr)
This same T13 lineage had been identified by scientists of the Enteric Bacterial Pathogens Unit (Institut Pasteur) as the cause of the Yemen Cholera epidemic (1) . (pasteur.fr)

from distant rivers indicates an environmental and enter- obacterial reservoir for carbapenemase genes. (cdc.gov)
Rapid methods for tracking plasmids carrying carbapenemase genes could greatly benefit infection control efforts. (nih.gov)

USFQ works with these networks to strengthen its international curriculum in various areas such as liberal arts with GLAA, innovation with HUC, and sustainability and Sustainable Development Goals with APRU.Laboratory of Dr. Gabriel Trueba, Director of the Microbiology Institute: Dr. Trueba's labs provide for culture-based isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens and molecular microbiology research. (yale.edu)

These results suggest that differential expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-3 genes may underlie regulation of apoptotic susceptibility during brain development, as well as after acute injury to mature brain, through the intrinsic pathway of caspase activation. (jneurosci.org)

Moreover, genomic results showed a link between pOXA-48_K8 fitness effects and bacterial phylogeny, helping to explain plasmid epidemiology. (nature.com)

The analysis of the bacterial genome showed that the epidemic strain belonged to the new lineage T13, which originates from south Asia and arrived in western Africa in 2013-2014. (pasteur.fr)
A second gene, encoding the putative true intracellular PHB depolymerase (PhaZ2), was identified in the genome sequence of (50) and has been classified as polythioesters (27, 28). (imacst.com)
Another gene, encoding the putative accurate intracellular PHB depolymerase (PhaZ2), was determined in the genome series of (50) and continues to be categorized as polythioesters (27, 28). (imacst.com)

In this study, we investigated the regulation of the competence genes qstR and comEA as an example of the complex process that controls competence gene activation in V. cholerae . (biomedcentral.com)
The laboratory continues to use the technology in research on gene regulation and initiation of transcription and translation, and it has been the subject of over 125 publications by both the inventors and outside investigators. (federallabs.org)
Adaptation of Comamonas testosteroni TA441 to utilize phenol: organization and regulation of the genes involved in phenol degradation. (sciepub.com)
We now confirm those findings, as complementation of a csrS mutant restored Mg(2+)-dependent gene regulation. (lu.se)
The effect of Mg(2+) on regulation of global gene expression was evaluated using genomic microarrays in an M-type 3 strain of GAS and in an isogenic csrS mutant. (lu.se)
To our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize global gene regulation by a GAS two-component system in response to a specific environmental stimulus. (lu.se)

Indest KJ, Jung CM, Chen HP, Hancock D, Florizone C, Eltis LD, Crocker FH: Functional characterization of pGKT2, a 182-kb plasmid containing the xplAB genes involved in the degradation of RDX by Gordonia sp. (karger.com)
Catabolic plasmid specifying polychlorinated biphenyl degradation in Cupriavidus sp. (tamu.edu)
Analysis of pSK4 in both the transconjugant and the wild type revealed that it specifies the genes coding for 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate degradation in addition to those of the upper biphenyl pathway. (tamu.edu)
Plasmid transfer experiments and Southern hybridization revealed that the plasmid of strain A encodes total aniline but not 3-CA degradation, while the plasmids of strains C and B were only responsible for the oxidative deamination of aniline. (sciepub.com)
Plasmid control of ptoluenesulfonic acid degradation in Comamonas testosteroni BS1310. (sciepub.com)
Factors affecting PCB degradation by an implanted bacterial strain in soil microcosms. (sciepub.com)

Mechanisms to control conjugative transfer are also present in plasmids themselves. (frontiersin.org)
Multiresistance was due to a 23 Kb conjugative plasmid. (bvsalud.org)

Several genes isolated from resistant enterococci ( agg, gelE, ace, cylLLS, esp, cpd, fsrB ) encode virulence factors such as the production of gelatinase and hemolysin, adherence to caco-2 and hep-2 cells, and capacity for biofilm formation. (medscape.com)

For these studies, we have developed a new functional metagenomic method for studying horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities with the help of engineered bacteriophages. (brc.hu)

Here, we describe optimized protocols for generalized transduction, applicable for the transfer of plasmid or chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from donor to recipient S. aureus strains. (bvsalud.org)

lates recovered from a river (strain MS7) was used for Very recently, plasmid-mediated and clavulanate-inhibited cloning experiments. (cdc.gov)
The genes encoding organophosphorus hydrolase (mpd and opd) and pyrethroid-degrading esterase gene (pytY) were cloned using a PCR cloning strategy. (omicsonline.org)

Plasmid sequence and annotations. (addgene.org)
Use text editor or plasmid mapping software to view sequence. (addgene.org)

Among them, different plasmids (IncI1, IncFI, CloDF13-like, and IncX) inhibit the transfer of IncF plasmids, although the responsible genes were not characterized ( Gasson and Willetts, 1975 ). (frontiersin.org)

This implies that FI are rapidly-moving accessory genes, possibly acting on evolutionary fights between plasmids for the colonization of specific hosts. (frontiersin.org)

There has been much research on AmtR structure, functions, and regulons in the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, but little research in other C. glutamicum strains. (frontiersin.org)
The RS_01910, RS_01915, RS_15995, and RS_16000 are not present in the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. (frontiersin.org)
The research on transcription factors in C. glutamicum was mainly focused on the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. (frontiersin.org)

have a capsule that blocks phagocytosis, making these organisms more virulent than nonencapsulated strains. (msdmanuals.com)

However the Zimbabwe epidemic strain was highly resistant to antibiotics, as opposed to the one from Yemen. (pasteur.fr)
Hélène Barreteau is assistant professor at the University Paris-Sud, Orsay, and a member of the Laboratory of Bacterial Envelopes and Antibiotics. (degruyter.com)
She joined the Laboratory of Bacterial Envelopes and Antibiotics as an engineer in 2007. (degruyter.com)
He is director of research at CNRS and, since 2001, is the head of the Laboratory of Bacterial Envelopes and Antibiotics which, for more than 30 years, has been studying the biochemistry, genetics and physiology of the bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway as a whole. (degruyter.com)
Didier Blanot is director of research at CNRS and a member of the Laboratory of Bacterial Envelopes and Antibiotics, University Paris-Sud, Orsay. (degruyter.com)
Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent bacterial infections, [29] and sometimes protozoan infections . (wikipedia.org)
VRE, particularly E faecium strains, are frequently resistant to all antibiotics that are effective treatment for vancomycin-susceptible enterococci, which leaves clinicians treating VRE infections with limited therapeutic options. (medscape.com)

In this study we describe the in vivo biosynthesis of two novel conjugate vaccine candidates against Shigella dysenteriae type 1, an important bacterial pathogen causing severe gastro-intestinal disease states mainly in developing countries. (biomedcentral.com)

We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. (asm.org)
Y. pestis strains have historically been classified according to their ability to utilize glycerol and reduce nitrate and have been grouped into three main subtypes or biovars: antiqua, medievalis, and orientalis. (asm.org)

However, plasmid fitness effects in wild-type bacterial hosts remain largely unexplored. (nature.com)
These examples do not necessarily replicate plasmid fitness effects in natural bacterial hosts, which remain largely unexplored. (nature.com)
In this study, we provide a detailed characterisation of the distribution of plasmid fitness effects in wild-type bacterial hosts. (nature.com)
De Gelder L, Ponciano JM, Joyce P, Top EM: Stability of a promiscuous plasmid in different hosts: no guarantee for a long-term relationship. (karger.com)

De Gelder L, Vandecasteele FPJ, Brown CJ, Forney LJ, Top EM: Plasmid donor affects host range of promiscuous IncP-1b plasmid pB10 in an activated-sludge microbial community. (karger.com)

In comparison, a cre T deletion mutant strain is able to grow on creatinine but loses the ability to grow on creatine. (frontiersin.org)
Gene reduction analysis revealed that the gene deletion processes are under selective pressure, and many of the inactivations are probably related to the organism's interaction with its host environment. (asm.org)

Structures of homologous composite transposons carrying cbaABC genes from Europe and North America. (sciepub.com)

The strains positive in PCR for subjected to 6 different PCR reactions tar- pCVD432 were interpreted as EAEC, and geting STEC (stx1 and stx2 genes), ETEC those positive for stx genes as STEC. (who.int)
LT and ST toxin-producing genes), EPEC strains positive in PCR for LT, ST or both (eae gene), and EAEC (pCVD432 plasmid) were considered ETEC. (who.int)

Experiments to obtain a mutant in the presence of a second copy of impC containing an active-site mutation, in the presence of porin-like gene of M. smegmatis , or in the absence of inositol 1-phosphate synthase activity, were also unsuccessful. (biomedcentral.com)

Cancer gene therapy approaches include the direct killing of tumor cells by injecting a therapeutic gene into the tumor cell or employing vaccine strategies to deliver an immunomodulatory gene that stimulates the immune system to recognize tumor antigens [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

An ∼ 11,109-Da MS peak corresponding to a gene product of the bla(KPC) pKpQIL plasmid was identified and characterized using a combination of proteomics and molecular techniques. (nih.gov)

Virulence of strain B1 was significantly increased by introducing a functional copy of the protease gene on a plasmid. (usda.gov)

These results help to explain the high prevalence of plasmids in the greatly diverse natural microbial communities. (nature.com)

The two variants exhibit different capability to form biofilms and to express genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis, flagellar synthesis, and the AI-2 quorum-sensing system [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)

Strain B1 also has lower virulence on barley than strains that exhibit protease activity. (usda.gov)

Here we show that staphylococcal phages produce a structured RNA transcribed from the terminase subunit genes, termed CBASS-activating bacteriophage RNA (cabRNA), which binds to a positively charged surface of the CdnE03 cyclase and promotes the synthesis of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP to activate the CBASS immune response. (bvsalud.org)

The strain showed extreme stability in 1-month subculturing, with CWP fermentation performances similar to the ethanologenic plasmid-bearing strain. (biomedcentral.com)

For fast and simple integration of loxP-sites into large vector plasmids at any intended position (for generation of transgenic mouse models). (biosave.com)

However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)
W hen he began a postdoc in Ronald Davis 's laboratory at Stanford University in 1984, Stephen Elledge wanted to develop new ways to knock out and mutate specific genes in mammals. (the-scientist.com)

How bacterial cyclases recognize phage infection is not known. (bvsalud.org)
Consistent with these in vitro findings, phage treatment did not reduce bacterial burdens in a neutropenic mouse S. aureus thigh infection model. (bvsalud.org)
This article is about treatment of bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)

Endotoxin triggers humoral enzymatic mechanisms involving the complement, clotting, fibrinolytic, and kinin pathways and causes much of the morbidity in gram-negative bacterial sepsis. (msdmanuals.com)

The expression of the ice nucleation gene inaZ from Pseudomonas syringae in Zymomonas mobilis strains under the control of three different promoters was investigated to establish the utility of the gene as a reporter and examine the possible use of the organism as a source of ice nuclei for biotechnological applications. (moam.info)

Anatomy7

Organisms55

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes88

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care12

Resistance31

Escherichia7

Antibiotic5

Isolates7

Conjugation14

Single plasmid4

Bacteria14

Clonal2

Species10

Bacterium5

Materials and Met1

Genetic8

Enzymes4

Proteins3

Recombinant plasmids1

Expression plasmid2

Coli strains1

Institut Pasteur3

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Pathogens1

Susceptibility1

Phylogeny1

Genome3

Regulation6

Degradation6

Conjugative2

Encode1

Horizontal1

Deoxyribonucleic acid1

Cloning2

Sequence2

Responsible genes1

Accessory genes1

Glutamicum ATCC 130323

Organisms1

Antibiotics7

Pathogen1

Pestis2

Hosts4

Donor1

Deletion2

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Zymomonas1