Strains loci genes bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is a technique in molecular biology for the typing of multiple loci, using DNA sequences of internal fragments of multiple housekeeping genes to characterize isolates of microbial species. (wikipedia.org)
Thus both the number and type of housekeeping genes interrogated by MLST may differ from species to species. (wikipedia.org)
The results presented here clearly demonstrate the differences between the two biovar antiqua lineages and support the notion that grouping Y. pestis strains based strictly on the classical definition of biovars (predicated upon two biochemical assays) does not accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships within this species. (asm.org)
If the identity of the QC strain must be confirmed, it is imperative that the QA personnel ensure the identification system being used has the correct species-level resolution for that organism. (genengnews.com)
While whole genome sequencing has led to the identification of biofilm synthesis gene clusters in many bacterial species, bioinformatics has not identified the biofilm synthesis genes within the L. monocytogenes genome. (harvard.edu)
The complete sequence of gyrA gene from 77 strains are reported in this study and analyzed in the context of publicly available sequences from N. meningitidis of other CCs as well as other Neisseria species. (biomedcentral.com)
Recombination within N.meningitidis strains and between Neisseria species was identified in SimPlot analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
A significant number of bacterial species encode multiple copies of the filament building block - flagellin. (ncl.ac.uk)
We have studied how bacterial species such as the pathogen Salmonella enterica maintain a discrete number of flagellar per cell during cell growth and division. (ncl.ac.uk)
We complement our study on flagellar abundance with research to understanding how a filament is assembled from multiple flagellins, a trait maintained by many bacterial species. (ncl.ac.uk)
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acid identity. (inrae.fr)
Comparing genomic loci of a given bacterial gene across strains and species can provide insights into their evolution, including information on e.g. acquired mobility, the degree of conservation between different taxa or indications of horizontal gene transfer events. (chalmers.se)
When it comes to isolates from pharmaceutical manufacturing environments, the focus is often on identifying unknown bacterial isolates at the species level. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
When it comes to investigating incursions or process contaminants, comparing them to previous isolates and tracing their source, strain comparison and differentiation can provide valuable information over and above species-level identification. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
16S sequencing is quite a flexible approach and sequencing the full 16S gene, rather than just the first 500 bp, provides additional data that is sometimes required for accurate species-level identification, but can also be useful for highlighting differences between bacterial isolates. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
Sometimes this additional information is enough to clarify whether environmental isolates identified as being the same species are in fact the same strain, and therefore likely to have arisen from the same source. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
Different strains of the same bacterial species show enough variation within each of these housekeeping genes i.e. at each of the seven loci, to create a vast number of distinct allelic profiles. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
In recent years, advances in sequencing technology have led to what is known as "next-generation sequencing" becoming much more affordable and available, paving the way to whole genome sequencing of bacterial isolates as a more cost-effective means than MLST for comparing isolates of the same species, and this is now our preferred approach, for a number of different reasons. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
Next steps should be undertaken to identify the regulatory sequences that can be used to express the guide RNAs from the genome, and once these sequences are identified developing gene drives in the species should be turnkey," Akbari said. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
A group of strains representing species of the genus Leptospira, isolated from patients with leptospirosis in Mayotte (Indian Ocean), were previously found to be considerably divergent from other known species of the genus Leptospira. (nih.gov)
This was inferred from sequence analysis of rrs (16S rRNA) and other genetic loci and suggests that they belong to a novel species. (nih.gov)
Two strains from each serogroup currently identified within this novel species were studied. (nih.gov)
Draft genomes of the strains were also analysed to study the DNA relatedness with other species of the genus Leptospira. (nih.gov)
The aim of this study is to understand if the production of GABA in bifidobacteria is a strain-specific feature, analyzing the genomic sequence of 1,022 bifidobacterial strains belonging to the currently known 77 Bifidobacterium taxa, representing 70 species and seven subspecies, coupling the in silico information with an in vitro measurements of GABA levels generated by these bacteria. (nature.com)
genomes may elucidate genes that are unique to those species of spirochetes associated with ticks. (cdc.gov)

most of these strains are sequence type the resulting K16S12.0138 ( Sfil ) and 5. (cdc.gov)
MLST directly measures the DNA sequence variations in a set of housekeeping genes and characterizes strains by their unique allelic profiles. (wikipedia.org)
In the data collection step, definitive identification of variation is obtained by nucleotide sequence determination of gene fragments. (wikipedia.org)
This does not use the assigned alleles, but instead concatenates the sequences of the gene fragments of the housekeeping genes and uses this concatenated sequence to determine phylogenetic relationships. (wikipedia.org)
An ST is characterized by a different sequence nucleotide for at least one of the 7 reference genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the strains that are sharing the sequence of 4 or more genes (identified as a number for convenience) among the 7 genes used to determine STs could be classified into the same clonal complex (CC) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This study re-analyzed, using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and whole genome sequence with single nucleotide polymorphism analysis (WGS-SNP), 52 strains which had been identified as Enterobacter sakazakii as according to the convention at the time of isolation. (biomedcentral.com)
The C. sakazakii strains comprised of 8 sequence types (STs) which included the neonatal pathovars ST1, ST4 and ST12. (biomedcentral.com)
The WGS-SNP analysis demonstrated that indistinguishable Cronobacter strains within a sequence type can be unrelated, and may originate from multiple sources. (biomedcentral.com)
The use of WGS-SNP analysis to distinguishing of strains within a sequence type has important relevance for tracing the source of outbreaks due to Cronobacter spp. (biomedcentral.com)
CVD 103-HgR was constructed from the serogroup O1 classical Inaba strain 569B by deleting the catalytic domain sequence of both copies of the ctxA gene, which prevents the synthesis of active cholera toxin ( CT ). (rxlist.com)
Several molecular typing methods have been developed to differentiate between M. avium subspecies and strains, such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing and mini-satellite sequence analysis-mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
The ability to sequence large bacterial collections means that the molecular epidemiology and gene content of epidemic and sporadic lineages can now be defined systematically. (nature.com)
Following sequence analysis discovered an open up reading body (ORF) of 369 bp matching towards the lectin structural gene, termed (3 later, 4) and right here renamed to conform with regular hereditary nomenclature. (technuc.com)
Our analysis includes the antimicrobial resistance profiles, the molecular characterization of the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones, virulence gene profiles and the molecular characterization of S. dysenteriae isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (researchsquare.com)
The seven fragments sequenced are each approximately 450 - 500 base pairs long - so around the same length as the section of the 16S gene that we sequence for identification purposes. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
Strains are identified by comparing the sequence profiles obtained with previously published data. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
While Sanger technology is well suited to sequencing part, or all, of a single gene, when multiplied up to the requirement to sequence seven distinct loci, it does become a more expensive option. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
The new isolates formed a distinct clade, which was most closely related to Leptospira borgpetersenii, in multilocus sequence analysis using concatenated sequences of the genes rpoB, recA, fusA, gyrB, leuS and sucA. (nih.gov)
Sequence analysis of the gelE flanking regions revealed three genes (fsrA, fsrB and fsrC) upstream of gelE that show homology to the genes in a locus (agr) that globally regulates the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus and one open reading frame (sprE) with homology to bacterial serine protease downstream of gelE. (uth.edu)
This system is based on a sequence at the 5' end of a locus ( emm ) that is present in all isolates. (medscape.com)
There are 4 major subfamilies of emm genes, which are defined by sequence differences within the 3' end, encoding the peptidoglycan-spanning domain. (medscape.com)

The large number of potential alleles at each of the loci provides the ability to distinguish billions of different allelic profiles, and a strain with the most common allele at each locus would only be expected to occur by chance approximately once in 10,000 isolates. (wikipedia.org)
the relationships between isolates that differ at more than three out of seven loci are likely to be unreliable and should not be taken to infer their phylogeny. (wikipedia.org)
To further investigate the genomic diversity among this group and to help characterize lineages of the plague organism that have no sequenced members, we present here the genomes of two isolates of the "classical" antiqua biovar, strains Antiqua and Nepal516. (asm.org)
The isolates were affiliated to 23 genera representing 8 different suborders based on nearly full length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Putative virulence and antibiotic resistance genes were over-represented in L1, L2 and L3 isolates combined, versus the remainder. (nature.com)
All 29 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were positive for the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene but negative for qepA , except SD001. (researchsquare.com)
In addition, only 6 (20.69%, 6/29) isolates harbored the qnr gene, including two with qnrB (6.90%, 2/29) and four with qnrS (13.79%, 4/29). (researchsquare.com)
If several different strains are present in a manufacturing facility - and this could easily be the case with many of the more common environmental isolates - investigation results may be misleading or inconclusive if strain typing and comparison have not been undertaken. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
MLST uses the sequences of internal fragments of seven essential, single-copy, housekeeping genes - i.e. genes required for processes that are essential for cell operation - to characterise isolates. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
High resistance to most of the antibiotics tested was observed among the isolates, five ST25, three ST11, one ST45, and one ST505, which harbored a total of 44 plasmids, many of them predicted to be conjugative and carrying genes conferring resistance to a variety of antibiotic, metals, and disinfectants. (biorxiv.org)

A comparison of four virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the genetic basis of virulence to humans. (asm.org)
DNA sequencing of the transposon insertion sites within the isolated mutants revealed transposon insertions within 38 distinct genetic loci. (harvard.edu)
Two newly identified genetic loci, dltABCD and phoPR, were selected for deletion analysis and both ΔdltABCD and ΔphoPR bacterial strains displayed biofilm formation defects in the PVC microtiter plate assay, confirming these loci contribute to biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. (harvard.edu)
The phylogenetic analysis of CC4821 gyrA gene reveals at least 5 distinct genetic clusters. (biomedcentral.com)
My laboratory uses, bacterial genetics, protein biochemistry, structural biology, bioinformatics and microscopic techniques to validate our genetic findings. (ncl.ac.uk)
Here, through comparative genomics analysis, we demonstrated that the genetic locus encoding the type VIIb secretion system (T7SSb) machinery is uniquely present in SGG in two different arrangements. (pasteur.fr)
SGG UCN34 carrying the most prevalent T7SSb genetic arrangement was chosen as the reference strain. (pasteur.fr)
gallolyticus (SGG) were sequenced and a genetic locus encoding the type VIIb secretion system (T7SSb) was found conserved and absent from 16 genomes of the closely related S. gallolyticus subsp. (pasteur.fr)
Race 1 strains of Pst are becoming increasingly common, and no simply-inherited genetic resistance to such strains is known. (cornell.edu)
11 The common genetic loci are invasion plasmid antigen H ( ipaH ), invasion plasmid antigen genes ( ipaBCD) and invasion associated locus ( ial ). (researchsquare.com)
Gene drives can be used to bias genetic inheritance in favor of rapidly spreading, self-destructive genes - such as those that disrupt fertility - and could be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to suppress populations of disease-spreading insects. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
Yeast genetic manipulation is far more precise than can be achieved in crop plants, and the genes in yeast have been precisely altered by mutations. (i-sis.org.uk)
Although genes can be altered precisely to avoid collateral genetic damage, changing a metabolic network will still result in unexpected metabolic effects. (i-sis.org.uk)
Ten plasmids encoding either KPC-2, NDM-1, or NDM-7 carbapenemases were characterized, including novel plasmids with increased resistance gene load and a novel genetic environment for bla KPC-2 gene. (biorxiv.org)
Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

While thousands of bacterial genomes are available to date, there is no software that facilitates comparisons of individual gene loci for a large number of genomes. (chalmers.se)
Our lab is experienced at generating novel mutant mouse strains by using gene targeting in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and by developing novel methods of modifying rodent genomes and assaying genetically modified cells in vivo. (nyu.edu)

It was concluded that Deoxyribonuclease, batch PPW38822 is not mutagenic in histidine-requiring Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537), and tryptophan-requiring Escherichia coli strain (WP2uvrApKM101), when tested under the conditions of this study. (europa.eu)
It was concluded that deoxyribonuclease, batch PPW42035 did not induce mutation in four histidine-requiring strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537) of Salmonella typhimurium, and one tryptophan-requiring strain (WP2 uvrA pKM101) of Escherichia coli when tested under the conditions of this study. (europa.eu)
The TLR5 gene lies in a locus that is associated with susceptibility to Salmonella. (prosci-inc.com)

Quoting Staphylococcus aureus as an example, seven housekeeping genes are used in MLST typing. (wikipedia.org)
These genes include carbamate kinase (arcC), shikimate dehydrogenase (aroE), glycerol kinase (glpF), guanylate kinase (gmk), phosphate acetyltransferase (pta), triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) and acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase (yqiL) as specified by the MLST website. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Despite MLST providing high discriminatory power, the accumulation of nucleotide changes in housekeeping genes is a relatively slow process and the allelic profile of a bacterial isolate is sufficiently stable over time for the method to be ideal for global epidemiology. (wikipedia.org)

These Cas9 strains can be used to develop split-gene drives which are a form of gene-drive by which the Cas9 and the guide RNA's are inserted at separate genomic loci and depend on each other for spread. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

Acquisition of resistance genes has proven to be difficult to characterize and is largely uncontrollable in the environment. (karger.com)
Here we sought to characterize conjugal horizontal gene transfer of plasmid-encoded fluoroquinolone resistance genes from two strains of Enterobacteriaceae, one clinical and one from a municipal wastewater treatment plant environment. (karger.com)
Figure 3: Prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in the dominant lineages (L1-L3, n = 89) and remainder ( n = 79). (nature.com)
8 , 9 Furthermore, the accelerating accumulation and transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) among multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens pose major difficulties in treating infections. (researchsquare.com)
Multidrug and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CR- Kp ) are considered critical threats to global health and key traffickers of resistance genes to other pathogens. (biorxiv.org)
Analyses of published transcriptomes revealed that the Xo1-mediated response is more similar to those mediated by two other NLR resistance genes than it is to the response associated with TALE-specific transcriptional activation of the executor resistance gene Xa23 and that a truncTALE dampens or abolishes activation of defense-associated genes by Xo1. (uea.ac.uk)
They further suggest that effector coimmunoprecipitation may be effective for identifying or characterizing other resistance genes. (uea.ac.uk)
In addition, long-read sequencing of one representative XDR ST235 isolate identified an integron carrying multiple resistance genes (including bla VIM-2), with differences in gene composition and synteny from the P. aeruginosa class 1 integrons described previously. (who.int)

Escherichia coli strain LR09, containing a plasmid with the aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr fluoroquinolone resistance gene, did not conjugate with any of the 15 strains tested, while Enterobacter aerogenes strain YS11 conjugated with two strains of E. coli . (karger.com)
Hata M, Suzuki M, Matsumoto M, Takahashi M, Sato K, Ibe S, Sakae K: Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b. (karger.com)
Indest KJ, Jung CM, Chen HP, Hancock D, Florizone C, Eltis LD, Crocker FH: Functional characterization of pGKT2, a 182-kb plasmid containing the xplAB genes involved in the degradation of RDX by Gordonia sp. (karger.com)
Just recently, Ltp1 was shown to inactivate (dephosphorylate) the tyrosine kinase Ptk1, which in turn was shown to control levels of exopolysaccharide production in both strain 33277 and W83 (24), showing that this tyrosine kinase modulates production and export of extracellular polysaccharide in from a plasmid or deletion of the 77bpIR element alters the synthesis of surface. (oscars2019info.com)
S. dysenteriae possesses diverse virulence genes, located on both the chromosome and/or the plasmid. (researchsquare.com)
Additional traditional technologies we offer to staff, faculty, and external researchers are the production of transgenic mice by pronuclear injection of plasmid DNA or bacterial artificial chromosome DNA and the production of ESC chimeras by blastocyst injection. (nyu.edu)
The quick change kit provides the tools for changing the wild type gene carried on a bacterial plasmid. (i-sis.org.uk)
The mutant oligonucleotide is annealed to the wild type gene in the plasmid, which is amplified to produce plasmids carrying the gene with the specific mutations. (i-sis.org.uk)

MIRU-VNTR analysis, on the other hand, uses mini-satellite sequences (tandem repeats of 10-100 nucleotides) dispersed at multiple loci in the bacterial genome. (frontiersin.org)

FusA allele sequencing revealed that 49/52 strains were Cronobacter sakazakii, while the remaining 3 strains were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Franconibacter helveticus . (biomedcentral.com)

Putative polysaccharide utilization gene clusters were also investigated for both R. marinus DSM 4253 and DSM 4252 T (homolog strain). (nih.gov)
The analysis showed that in the homolog strain DSM 4252 T Rmar_1080 (RmXyl3A) and Rmar_1081 (RmXyl3B) are parts of a putative polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) for xylan utilization. (nih.gov)

This is because they invariably consist of multi-gene loci which encode several enzymes that synthesise complex glycan structures. (ukri.org)

Strategies and Components Bacterial strains, plasmids, and mass media. (technuc.com)
The bacterial strains and plasmids found in this scholarly research are shown in Desk ?Desk1.1. (technuc.com)

Central databases have been established, to which users can submit strain information and new allele sequences. (rapidmicrobiology.com)

Thirty-one additional putative resistance markers were identified, as amino acid substitutions were only found in resistant strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Yet PG0106 (a putative UDP-phosphate alpha-strains (19). (oscars2019info.com)
The rare unmethylated GATC motifs were preferentially located in putative promoter regions, and most of them were methylated after Dam methyltransferase overexpression, suggesting that DNA methylation is involved in gene regulation. (pacb.com)

Maron and Ames, 1983) and the laboratory's own historical datab) The positive controls had to show sufficient effects, as defined by the laboratory's experiencec) Titer determinations had to demonstrate sufficient bacterial density in the suspension.An assay which did not comply with at least one of the above criteria was not used for assessment. (europa.eu)

The gene encoding the PA-IL lectin gene continues to be isolated from ATCC 27853 (3). (technuc.com)
There has been much research on AmtR structure, functions, and regulons in the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, but little research in other C. glutamicum strains. (frontiersin.org)
The RS_01910, RS_01915, RS_15995, and RS_16000 are not present in the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. (frontiersin.org)
The research on transcription factors in C. glutamicum was mainly focused on the type strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. (frontiersin.org)
ATCC 1015 / CBS 113.46 / FGSC A1144 / LSH / Ac4 / NCTC 3858a / NRRL 328 / USDA 3528.7) Aspergillus kawachii (strain NBRC 4308) (White koji mold) (Aspergillu awamori var. (inrae.fr)
aspna-g3xsl3 Aspergillus niger (strain ATCC 1015 / CBS 113.46 / FGSC A1144 / LSHB Ac4 / NCTC 3858a / NRRL 328 / USDA 3528.7). (inrae.fr)
aspna-g3y4g9 Aspergillus niger (strain ATCC 1015 / CBS 113.46 / FGSC A1144 / LSH Ac4 / NCTC 3858a / NRRL 328 / USDA 3528.7) Uncharacterized protein , aspng-pepf Aspergillus niger pepF gene , aspsa-peps Aspergillus saitoi and Aspergillus niger carboxypeptidase , aspnc-kex1 Aspergillus niger (strain CBS 513.88 / FGSC A1513). (inrae.fr)

We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. (asm.org)
oryzae (and strain MAFF 311018) hypothetical protein (xoo1704) , xanor-q5h5m9 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (inrae.fr)
In Arabidopsis and apple, strains of Pst and Erwinia amylovora expressing AvrRpt2 degrade the RIN4 protein, thereby activating RPS2 or Mr5-mediated immunity, respectively. (cornell.edu)
In the case of the regulatory protein gene targeted to the uracil locus, the transformed yeast colonies would be identified using replica plating on growth medium lacking uracil. (i-sis.org.uk)
In our initial screening of E. faecalis strain OG1RF genomic libraries, autolysin and a homolog of a protein of Enterococcus faecium previously designated P54 were found to be two major antigens that reacted with human patient sera, and an antigen designated MH-1 antigen that reacted with serum from a endocarditis patient was also identified. (uth.edu)
By transformation of the susceptible variety Nipponbare, we show that one of 14 nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein genes at the locus, with a zinc finger BED domain, is the Xo1 gene. (uea.ac.uk)
[ 4 ] The emm gene encodes the M protein. (medscape.com)

At present it is assumed that the relationship between an individual's susceptibility and bacterial virulence determines the balance between tolerance of invading pathogens and the mounting of an immune response, which in turn dictates the course of infection and subsequent recurrence. (ncl.ac.uk)
During my career I have gained valuable experience working with a range of bacterial pathogens. (ncl.ac.uk)
We read about the evolution of pathogens such as the plague bacillus, including its origin between 2600 and 28,000 years ago in China, and that the common ancestor of all the strains in the USA today probably arrived in San Francisco in 1899. (asmblog.org)
Previous efforts to use genome editing to prevent mosquitoes from spreading pathogens have been hampered by low mutation rates, poor survival of edited mosquitoes, and inefficient transmission of disrupted genes to offspring. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

Highly efficient in vitro fertilization technologies using fresh or cryopreserved sperm are available, facilitating the import of novel mouse strains without quarantine and recovery of poorly breeding strains. (nyu.edu)
Interestingly, in vitro screening of 82 B. adolescentis strains allowed identifying two high GABA producers, i.e. (nature.com)

The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the DNA gyrase A ( gyrA ) gene from N.meningitidis CC4821 strains collected in China between 1978 and 2016. (biomedcentral.com)
Only one position, 91 (83 in E.coli gyrA gene), was linked to CIP resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
The evolution of gyrA gene of CC4821 N.meningitidis strains is not dependent on CC4821 evolution or on CIP resistance phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
Analyzing the evolution of gyrA gene within CC4821 strains is critical to monitor the CIP resistance phenotype and the acquisition of new resistance markers. (biomedcentral.com)
SNP typing takes advantage of nucleotide changes in specific single-copy genes-i.e., gyrA, gyrB, groEL1, sodA, rpsA , and hsp65 -( 10 - 12 ) or chromosomal loci-i.e., 16S−23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-( 13 ) to use them as biomarkers for subspecies differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
In a study on the polymorphism of QRDR of gyrA/B and parC/E genes, we identified two mutations in gyrA (Ser83→Leu and Asp87→Asn) and parC (Ser80→Ile and Ser83→Leu), respectively. (researchsquare.com)
Among them, 55.17% (16/29) of resistant strains had the gyrA point mutations (Ser83→Leu) and parC point mutation (Ser83→Leu). (researchsquare.com)

Relman highlights the importance of horizontal gene transfer and genomic islands. (asmblog.org)

Later on, CC4821 became also a dominant lineage among serogroup B strains since the first report in 2005. (biomedcentral.com)

Importantly, a capsule null mutant strain was shown to be a more potent inducer of cytokine synthesis by human gingival fibroblasts than the corresponding parent strain, indicating a role for capsule in cloaking against innate immune responses (3). (oscars2019info.com)
Genes in the PG0104-PG0121 locus have been shown to be required for K1 capsule synthesis (19, 20). (oscars2019info.com)

These findings demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of utilizing metabolomics tools to prioritize chemically unique strains from microorganism collections and further highlight sponges as rich source for novel and bioactive actinomycetes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
WGS-SNP analysis of the 32 C. sakazakii ST13 strains revealed 5 clusters and 5 unique strains which did not correlate with the country of product origin. (biomedcentral.com)

After summarizing the dizzying accelerating pace at which complete genome sequences are being acquiredeukaryotic, viral, bacterial, archaeal-Relman discusses how microbial genomic diversity impacts on health and disease, as illustrated by concepts such as the pangenome, genome reduction, genomic islands, CRISPR loci, and others. (asmblog.org)
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of genes associated with eye pigment caused eye color to change from black to white. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
The addition of Cas9 will enable the use of the CRISPR gene editing tool to make efficient, targeted changes to the mosquitoes' DNA. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
Akbari and colleagues developed transgenic mosquitoes that stably express a bacterial Cas9 enzyme in the germline, enabling highly efficient genome editing using the CRISPR system. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

It was discovered that a locus in Solanum lycopersicoides, termed Pseudomonas tomato race 1 (Ptr1), confers resistance to race 1 Pst strains by recognizing the type III effector AvrRpt2. (cornell.edu)
The Xo1 locus in the heirloom rice variety Carolina Gold Select confers resistance to bacterial leaf streak and bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (uea.ac.uk)

Inbred strains of mice can be classified into 3 categories according to their resistance to infection with S.typhimurium: susceptible (BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/He), intermediate (DBA/2, C75L) and resistant (A, CBA). (prosci-inc.com)
Strains that produce K-antigen capsule are more resistant to phagocytosis (4) and cause a spreading type of infection in a murine lesion model (5). (oscars2019info.com)
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae , particularly carbapenem-resistant strains (CR- Kp ) causing high mortality and morbidity, are critical concerns[ 1 ]. (biorxiv.org)
A disc that contains 0.04U of bacitracin inhibits the growth of more than 95% of group A strains, whereas 80-90% of non-group A strains are resistant to this antibiotic. (medscape.com)

Approximately 10,000 transposon mutants within L. monocytogenes strain 10403S were screened for biofilm formation in 96-well polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microtiter plates with 70 Himar1 insertion mutants identified that produced significantly less biofilms. (harvard.edu)
The identification of mutants bearing insertions within several flagellar motility genes previously known to be required for the initial stages of biofilm formation validated the ability of the mutagenesis screen to identify L. monocytogenes biofilm-defective mutants. (harvard.edu)
Deletion mutants in (PG1138) and (PG2119) lack A-LPS and have less gingipain activity, indicating an involvement of these loci in A-LPS biosynthesis (13, 14). (oscars2019info.com)
To study the functions of these genes, gene disruption mutants of fsr and sprE were constructed. (uth.edu)
Testing the virulence of fsr and sprE mutants in the mouse peritonitis model showed that these mutants had significant delays in lethality compared to OG1RF, suggesting that sprE and fsr genes contribute to the virulence of E. faecalis OG1RF in this model. (uth.edu)

The flagellum is a unique molecular machine driving bacterial movement through liquid environments. (ncl.ac.uk)
Mycobacterial colonies were isolated from a popliteal lymph node aspirate sample and molecular typed by SNPs typing of the genes gyrB and rpsA , the 3′ region of the hsp65 gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and MIRU-VNTR analysis. (frontiersin.org)
This universal term is currently commonly used to spell it out the sensation whereby the deposition of the diffusible, low-molecular-weight indication molecule (occasionally known as a pheromone or autoinducer) allows specific bacterial cells to feeling when the minimal people device or quorum of bacterias has been attained for the concerted people response to become initiated (15). (technuc.com)
In Chile, although a sustained increase in CR- Kp infections has been observed, few strains have been described at the genomic level, lacking molecular details of their resistance and virulence determinants and the mobile elements mediating their dissemination. (biorxiv.org)
Molecular tools have enhanced our strains [9]. (who.int)

B subtilis gene deletion of yoqG. (addgene.org)
Gene reduction analysis revealed that the gene deletion processes are under selective pressure, and many of the inactivations are probably related to the organism's interaction with its host environment. (asm.org)
In comparison, a cre T deletion mutant strain is able to grow on creatinine but loses the ability to grow on creatine. (frontiersin.org)
A gelE deletion mutant had similar LD50 and the time course of killing to those of the wild type strain. (uth.edu)

Bacterial meningitis can be caused by several types of bacteria including Streptococcus pneumonia or Neisseria meningitidis ( N.meningitidis ). (biomedcentral.com)
10 The virulence gene has become a significant marker of pathogenic bacteria. (researchsquare.com)
For example, companies may specify the presence of a particular strain of bacteria in their products, or use a specific strain within a patented process. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
In the case of patented processes that involve bacteria, it is also vital that the strain can be accurately identified if the patent is contested, or infringement is suspected. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
At NCIMB, our microbial identification identifies bacteria by sequencing the first 500 bp of the 16S rRNA gene and searching for matches using the MicroSEQ database. (rapidmicrobiology.com)

A new antibiotic cures superbugs without bacterial resistance. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

Nucleotide differences between strains can be checked at a variable number of genes depending on the degree of discrimination desired. (wikipedia.org)
These strains have apparent differences in several phenotypic characteristics ( Yang and Yang, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
As originally described by Lancefield, beta-hemolytic streptococci can be divided into many groups based on the antigenic differences in group-specific polysaccharides located in the bacterial cell wall. (medscape.com)

Results from SNPs typing of gyrB and ITS, as well as from MIRU-VNTR analysis suggested the isolation of a single strain of M. avium subsp. (frontiersin.org)

Building on excellent preliminary studies expressing the Campylobacter jejuni N-linked pgl glycan, we will combine novel synthetic biology approaches to develop a new platform technology for optimal glycan expression using (i) 'refactoring' of glycan clusters (deconstructing and rebuilding in a tunable modular format) and combinatorial optimisation, (ii) engineered regulation, and (iii) our bank of rationally designed E. coli host strains. (ukri.org)

There are varied levels of operational needs, each of which dictate different approaches to microbial identification and strain differentiation. (genengnews.com)
The target gene will dictate the level of resolution-identification or strain differentiation. (genengnews.com)
How critical each sample is will dictate which method should be used for the most accurate identification, and strain-level differentiation, of the microorganism. (genengnews.com)
In addition, a marker was inserted into the hemolysin gene locus (hlyA) to enable differentiation of the vaccine strain from wild type V. cholerae O1. (rxlist.com)
DNA methylation can serve to control diverse phenomena in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including gene regulation leading to cell differentiation. (pacb.com)
However, strain comparison and differentiation can be valuable in a range of circumstances. (rapidmicrobiology.com)

A reproducible and dose-related increase in mutant counts of at least one strain is considered to be a positive result.For TA 1535, TA 100 and TA 98 this increase should be about twice the amount of negative controls, whereas for TA 1537, at least a threefold increase should be reached. (europa.eu)
Next, the mutant gene is inserted into the yeast at a specific locus, a step that involves legitimate recombination. (i-sis.org.uk)
The mice infected with the gelE mutant showed a significantly prolonged survival compared to the wild type strain. (uth.edu)

The complete methylome of an entomopathogenic bacterium reveals the existence of loci with unmethylated adenines. (pacb.com)

The presence of two distinct strains of Mah has been assumed. (frontiersin.org)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial infection with symptoms that include urinary frequency, urgency to void, dysuria and abdominal pain. (ncl.ac.uk)
The flagellar filament is a major antigen recognized by hosts during bacterial infections. (ncl.ac.uk)
Patients with autosomal dominant (AD) hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) suffer from a constellation of manifestations including recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, severe atopy, and skeletal abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
To explore a possible role for these antigens in enterococcal infections, the genes encoding these three antigens were disrupted in Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. (uth.edu)
The Aa is also known as Haemophillus actimycetemcomitans, and is also responsible for a series of systemic infections, including the bacterial endocarditis, the brain and skin abscesses and the urinary tract 39,47,48 . (bvsalud.org)

Moreover, major phenotypic changes have been reported in several bacterial strains with a deregulated methyltransferase, but the corresponding methylome has rarely been described. (pacb.com)

The chromosomal arrangement of emm subfamily genes reveals 5 major emm patterns, designated as emm patterns A through E. An example of the usefulness of emm typing is described by McGregor et al. (medscape.com)

aspnc-a2r1p3 Aspergillus niger (strain CBS 513.88 / FGSC A1513) Catalytic activity: 3-Oxoadipate enol-lactone + H2O = 3-Oxoadipate , aspnc-a2r6g3 Aspergillus niger (strain CBS 513.88 / FGSC A1513) Similarity to alkyl salicylate esterase salE - Acinetobacter sp. (inrae.fr)

by Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains ed genes ( tdh and trh ). (cdc.gov)

My expertise utilise bacterial genetics to study fundamental aspects of the bacterial life cycle and host-microbe interactions. (ncl.ac.uk)

Pre-Experiment: plate incorporation cytotoxicity test (+/- metabolic activation) with strain TA 100, 10 concentrations ranging from 0.316 to 5000 µg/plate were tested. (europa.eu)
But there are specific regulatory elements in other strains that give those strains different metabolic capabilities. (frontiersin.org)
The main concern about the manipulation of metabolic network regulators is that the genes have multiple effects and changing the activity of one gene inevitably alters that of many others. (i-sis.org.uk)

Increasing multidrug resistance in Enterococcus faecalis, a nosocomial opportunist and common cause of bacterial endocarditis, emphasizes the need for alternative therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis. (jci.org)
Here, using mutation analyses and complementation, we demonstrated that both the ebp (encoding endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili) operon and srtC are important for biofilm production of E. faecalis strain OG1RF. (jci.org)

A ubiquitous organism, S pyogenes is the most common bacterial cause of acute pharyngitis , accounting for 15-30% of cases in children and 5-10% of cases in adults. (medscape.com)

To identify genes necessary for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation, we performed a transposon mutagenesis library screen using a recently constructed Himar1 mariner transposon. (harvard.edu)

however, which genes synthesize the different surface polysaccharides is not clear. (oscars2019info.com)

In addition, the Shigella enterotoxin genes set1A, set1B ( ShET-1 ), sen ( SHET-2 ) and Shiga toxin gene stx were also reported to be responsible for initial watery diarrhea. (researchsquare.com)

The strain MOLF/Ei is highly susceptible to the infection, has an unique TLR5 haplotype and a lower expression of TRL5. (prosci-inc.com)
Increasing data indicate that it is an autoimmune disease, often triggered by a preceding viral or bacterial infection with organisms such as Campylobacter jejuni , cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or Mycoplasma pneumoniae . (medscape.com)

Genes to be inserted by legitimate recombination need to be flanked by short sequences of the gene at the insertion site. (i-sis.org.uk)

Spirochaete, aerobic, motile, helix-shaped strains grew well at 30-37 °C, but not at 13 °C or in the presence of 8-azaguanine. (nih.gov)

Though both strains belong to one of the three classical biovars, they represent separate lineages defined by recent phylogenetic studies. (asm.org)

Anatomy12

Organisms46

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Phenomena and Processes104

Disciplines and Occupations8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care13

Geographicals3

Species25

Sequence22

Isolates10

Genetic15

Genomes2

Salmonella3

MLST3

Genomic loci1

Resistance genes8

Plasmid8

Multiple loci1

Escherichia1

Polysaccharide2

Encode1

Plasmids2

Allele1

Putative3

Assay1

ATCC7

Protein7

Pathogens4

Vitro2

GyrA7

Horizontal gene tra1

Serogroup1

Synthesis2

Unique strains2

CRISPR4

Confers resistance2

Resistant4

Mutants5

Molecular5

Deletion4

Bacteria5

Antibiotic1

Differences3

Subsp1

Clusters1

Differentiation6

Mutant3

Bacterium1

Distinct1

Infections5

Phenotypic1

Chromosomal1

Esterase1

Vibrio1

Genetics1

Metabolic3

Endocarditis2

Common bacterial1

Biofilm1

Polysaccharides1

Shigella1

Infection2

Sequences of the gene1

Motile1

Lineages1