• Common inbred strains include BALB/c, C3H, C57BL/6 and DBA. (uwm.edu)
  • Recombinant inbred strain, progenitor cross: (BALB/cBy female X C57BL/6By male). (jax.org)
  • Inbred strains of mice can be classified into 3 categories according to their resistance to infection with S.typhimurium: susceptible (BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/He), intermediate (DBA/2, C75L) and resistant (A, CBA). (prosci-inc.com)
  • and CBA and A/J. Very similar frequencies are found for lipoprotein-reactive B cells in BALB/c, BALB/c ν/ν, C3H/Tif, and C3H/HeJ mice. (silverchair.com)
  • No differences in the rate of synapse elimination were detected in unoperated Wlds compared with CBA, C3H/HE and BALB/c mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In particular, the topic of improving the low fertility rate of cryopreserved sperm in the C57BL/6 strain of mouse, the most common inbred strain used as a base for genetically engineered mice, has been garnering much attention. (go.jp)
  • At least four genes and sex are associated with susceptibility to urethane-induced pulmonary adenomas in mice. (jax.org)
  • The objective of this study was to determine if there is variation in susceptibility of different strains of mice to MLA and to identify factors responsible for the variation that could be used as a model for cattle. (usda.gov)
  • Both the protein expression differences and the potential identification of genetic markers discovered in mice will provide the basis for future experiments to identify genetic factors that correlate with susceptibility to larkspur toxicity in cattle. (usda.gov)
  • The toxicokinetic profiles of MLA in the susceptible A/J and resistant 129 strains were compared in order to determine if their differences in susceptibility are simply due to differences in their ability to eliminate MLA. (usda.gov)
  • Susceptibility to noise -induced hearing loss in two congenic mouse strains. (cdc.gov)
  • 1, 2 Moreover, susceptibility is largely intrinsic to the lung itself as shown by the classical experiments involving lung explants from sensitive and resistant mice. (bmj.com)
  • Past studies have mapped four susceptibility loci (Pas1-4) for pulmonary adenoma in which A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice have different alleles that affect incidence and multiplicity of tumours. (bmj.com)
  • 6 Inbred mouse strains vary in their susceptibility to cancer and two extreme strains are A/J (susceptible) and C57BL/6J (B6, resistant). (bmj.com)
  • 4, 5 Four QTLs identified as pulmonary adenoma susceptibility (Pas) loci 1-4 have been mapped, respectively, to mouse chromosomes 6, 17, 19, and 9. (bmj.com)
  • Mouse pulmoary adenoma susceptibility loci (Pas) as mapped in crosses of strains A/J and C57BL/6. (bmj.com)
  • Susceptibility of inbred and F1 hybrid strains to noise-induced hearing loss. (cdc.gov)
  • There are hundreds of established inbred, outbred, and transgenic strains. (wikipedia.org)
  • The UMass Chan Transgenic Animal Modeling Core (TAMC) also has JM8-strain ES cells for targeting, and routinely injects either JM8.F6-strain ES cells or JM8.A3-strain ES cells into albino C57BL/6J Tyrc-Brd blastocysts. (umassmed.edu)
  • APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic (Tg) male and female mice and non-transgenic (non-Tg) littermates were trained on a delayed-matching-to-position (DMTP) or 3-choice serial reaction time (3CSRT) task. (abainternational.org)
  • This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. (uchicago.edu)
  • Note to the Reader Please cite this work as: Williams RW, Gu J, Qi S, Lu L (2001) The genetic structure of recombinant inbred mice: High-resolution consensus maps for complex trait analysis. (nervenet.org)
  • Recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice are an important resource used to map and analyze complex traits. (nervenet.org)
  • Recombinant inbred (RI) strains have been used to map a wide range of Mendelian loci and quantitative traits (Taylor, 1989). (nervenet.org)
  • This causes the genes to become homozygous (same strain) at nearly all the loci on the chromosomes. (uwm.edu)
  • Two strains may be bred together to produce a mixture of the genes of each strain. (uwm.edu)
  • The laboratory mouse genome has been sequenced and many mouse genes have human homologues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using the inbred mouse as a model organism, QTL mapping has become a very important tool for finding the genes that regulate complex human diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, asthma and hypertension. (jax.org)
  • Because of cross-species concordance, QTL and their underlying candidate genes can first be identified, cost-effectively, in mice and then the genes can be tested relatively easily in humans and verified in mice. (jax.org)
  • In humans, the wide variety of carcinogens and varying degrees of exposure make identifying the predisposing genes difficult, but in a mouse model, such confounding variables can be controlled. (bmj.com)
  • With the release of a genome wide SNPs database, it has become feasible to analyse these genetically determined QTLs for genes polymorphic in these strains. (bmj.com)
  • Identification of the genes predisposing to mouse lung cancer could have considerable implications for diagnosis, treatment, or chemoprevention of lung cancer in humans. (bmj.com)
  • Using a lentiviral vector containing either H-Ras oncogene and a hairpin targeting p53 or both tumor suppressor genes, NF-1 and p53, Dr. Friedmann-Morvinski can induce the formation of a glioma tumor in mice injected in the brain. (genengnews.com)
  • Neuroscientists around the world can now download these extremely accurate anatomical templates and use them to map other data -- such as which parts of the brain are metabolically active and where particular genes are expressed -- and for making quantitative anatomical comparisons with other, genetically engineered mouse strains. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Neuroscientists around the world can now download these extremely accurate anatomical templates and use them to map other data -- such as which parts of the brain are metabolically active and where particular genes are expressed -- and for making quantitative anatomical comparisons with other, genetically engineered mouse strains," said project leader Helene Benveniste, who is a researcher in Brookhaven's medical department and a professor of anesthesiology at Stony Brook University. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles in this strain. (jax.org)
  • The MPDt systematically characterizes biochemical and behavioral phenotypes of 40 commonly used and genetically diverse inbred mouse strains. (jax.org)
  • To investigate the effects of loss of β1 function in vivo , we have used gene-targeting methods to produce β1(-/-) mice, and we have analyzed their neuronal phenotypes. (jneurosci.org)
  • Prenatal immune activation interacted with mhDISC1 to produce the neurobehavioral phenotypes that were not seen in untreated mhDISC1 mice and that resemble aspects of major mental illnesses. (researchgate.net)
  • Inbred mouse lines vary in their ability to mount protective antiretroviral immune responses, and even closely related strains can exhibit opposing phenotypes upon retroviral infection. (ebsco.com)
  • The protein expression of various nAChR subunits was also compared between the resistant 129 and susceptible A/J strains. (usda.gov)
  • The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that putative genotypes for age related hearing loss (AHL) may make mice more susceptible to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). (cdc.gov)
  • The strain MOLF/Ei is highly susceptible to the infection, has an unique TLR5 haplotype and a lower expression of TRL5. (prosci-inc.com)
  • In addition, powerful databases like the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) database, the JAX® Mice database and the Mouse Phenome Database - all maintained at The Jackson Laboratory - are constantly improving to facilitate QTL mapping in the mouse. (jax.org)
  • The Mouse Phenome Database (MPD) is particularly useful for helping investigators select the most appropriate strains to cross in a QTL mapping project. (jax.org)
  • The work was done in parallel with an international collaboration, the Mouse Phenome Database (MPD) project, which was created to establish a collection of baseline phenotypic data from commonly used inbred mice. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The deficiency in T cell function allows athymic mice to accept and grow xenografts as well as allografts of normal and malignant tissues. (taconic.com)
  • C57BL/6 or athymic mice bearing syngeneic orthotopic GL261 gliomas were treated with MV, aPD-1, and combination treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The non-agouti mutation in C57BL/6 strains is due to an 11.8 Kbp retrotransposon located in the first intron of the agouti gene that abolishes the expression of the Agouti gene. (umassmed.edu)
  • Heterozygous (sp/wt) mice carry only one copy of the nude mutation and have hair. (taconic.com)
  • Genomes of individuals strains typically incorporate 45-55 recombinations between parental chromosomes. (nervenet.org)
  • The final consensus maps are based on 1578 microsatellite loci and these maps have a cumulative length of approximately 1400 cM after adjustment for recombination frequencies of RI strains. (nervenet.org)
  • The technology of sperm cryopreservation is widely used for storage of genetically engineered mice produced by global large-scale knockout mice or mouse mutagenesis projects in mouse banks. (go.jp)
  • Sperm cryopreservation provides the research community with permanent access to genetically engineered mice and as such is an essential part of research activities. (go.jp)
  • Mice belong to the Euarchontoglires clade, which includes humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • This close relationship, the associated high homology with humans, their ease of maintenance and handling, and their high reproduction rate, make mice particularly suitable models for human-oriented research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mice are mammals of the clade (a group consisting of an ancestor and all its descendants) Euarchontoglires, which means they are amongst the closest non-primate relatives of humans along with lagomorphs, treeshrews, and flying lemurs. (wikipedia.org)
  • That similarity has become all the more evident in the past 15 years as comparative genomics has demonstrated that the location of mouse and other model animal QTL can predict the location of homologous QTL in humans. (jax.org)
  • In a study published November 8 in Cell Reports , researchers found that thanks to differences in their vaginal microbiomes compared with lean mice, obese mice fed a high-fat diet had stronger immune responses against HSV-2, which causes genital herpes in humans. (the-scientist.com)
  • University of Washington translational immunologist David Koelle , who didn't work on the study, agrees this is a fascinating study, but is "not sure how relevant [it] is to humans," because HSV-2 interacts with the mouse body differently than it does humans. (the-scientist.com)
  • In 1902 Lucien Cuénot published the results of his experiments using mice which showed that Mendel's laws of inheritance were also valid for animals - results that were soon confirmed and extended to other species. (wikipedia.org)
  • To generate suitable C57BL/6 embryonic stem cells for gene targeting experiments, the Sanger team established a male cell line (JM8) from the N-substrain of C57BL/6 mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • Interestingly, we did observe a sex difference in motor neuron sprouting behavior after BotoxA-induced paralysis in WT mice which we speculate may be an important factor in the sex dimorphic differences seen in ALS. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to differences in the protein expression of nAChR subunits, other potential differences between these two strains will be evaluated in the future using genomic technologies. (usda.gov)
  • Generally, pre-exposure the B6.CBA congenics started out with more sensitive ABR thresholds than the CBA.B6s (strain differences were statistically significant at all frequencies pre-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • The authors conclude that the major differences observed for permanent threshold shift in the B6 and B6D2F1-mice and the minimal temporary threshold shifts in the CB and CBB6F1-mice support the hypothesis for a major genetic difference among these strains. (cdc.gov)
  • C57BL/6NJcl mice grow slightly better than C57BL/6JJcl mice, but there are no marked differences between the two sublines. (nomura-siam.com)
  • However, differences in incubation times require further subpassage in mice to establish any true differences in strain properties between cases. (cdc.gov)
  • The results clearly show species differences in the digestive capacity for starch in mice, rats and hamsters that need to be considered in the feeding of these species in the laboratory setting as well as in the use of rodents as translational animal models. (bvsalud.org)
  • Adult p107-null mice had elevated numbers of proliferating progenitor cells in their lateral ventricles. (rupress.org)
  • We generated mice that possess a heterozygous deletion of the PTG gene. (jci.org)
  • Mice homozygous for disruption of this gene show no gross abnormalities in appearance, behavior or fertility. (jax.org)
  • Gene expression data from mice with low-dose whipworm infection provide a detailed description of a regulated T H 1-like immune response to the infected cecum that is not limited to the immediate site of infection. (nature.com)
  • These ES cells allow for the generation of gene‐targeted mice on a C57BL/6 genetic background without the need for multiple backcrossing of mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • The Sanger group performed gene targeting in the JM8 ES cells to delete the retrotransposon from the agouti locus and restore agouti gene function, permitting the visualization of ES cell-derived mice on an inbred C57BL/6 background by agouti coat color. (umassmed.edu)
  • RI strains can therefore be exploited to expose gene-environment interactions. (nervenet.org)
  • The autosomal recessive nude gene in homozygous (sp/sp) mice causes the lack of fur and an abnormal thymus. (taconic.com)
  • Parson, SH , Mackintosh, CL & Ribchester, RR 1997, ' Elimination of motor nerve terminals in neonatal mice expressing a gene for slow wallerian degeneration (C57Bl/Wlds) ', European Journal of Neuroscience , vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 1586-1592. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Gene expression genetics of the striatum of Diversity Outbred mice. (ebsco.com)
  • This would be expected based on the fact that the congenic CBA.B6 mice genotypes included the mutant Ahl locus. (cdc.gov)
  • Genotypes of more than 100 RI strains were extensively error checked and regenotyped. (nervenet.org)
  • A third advantage of RI strains is that genotypes generated by different groups using a variety of methods can be pooled to generate high-density linkage maps. (nervenet.org)
  • ALS mice that either expressed 1 or 2 mutant SEMA3A alleles demonstrated no difference in ALS-induced decline in motor behavior. (nih.gov)
  • We also investigated the effects of BotoxA-induced paralysis on the sprouting capacity of NMJs in the K108N-SEMA3A mutant mouse, and observed no change in the differential neuronal plasticity found at NMJs on fast-fatigable or slow muscle fibers due to the presence of the SEMA3A mutant protein. (nih.gov)
  • In the congenic CBA/CaJ strain the wild-type locus has been replaced by the mutant Ahl locus (strain CBA.B6). (cdc.gov)
  • Depending upon the study, these mice often have to be backcrossed 9 more generations with C57BL/6 mice to place the mutant allele on an inbred C57BL/6 background. (umassmed.edu)
  • 2002. Response of Apc(min) and A33 (delta N beta-cat) mutant mice to treatment with tea, sulindac, and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). . (oregonstate.edu)
  • More laboratory mice are used in research every year than any other animal species. (uwm.edu)
  • Laboratory mice are usually of the species Mus musculus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine is currently one of the world's largest suppliers of laboratory mice, at around 3 million mice a year. (wikipedia.org)
  • The present study aimed to obtain reference data on amylase activity in pancreatic tissue and duodenal digesta in laboratory mice, rats and hamsters. (bvsalud.org)
  • In laboratory mice, however, there is a lack of information on mineral digestibility under maintenance conditions, although this should be the basis for studies on mineral homeostasis under experimental conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings support the hypothesis that a single strain of infectious agent is responsible for all vCJD infections. (cdc.gov)
  • The most commonly used methods for catching and picking up mice are grasping the animal near the tip of the tail, between thumb and forefinger, or by grasping the tail near the base or the neck between the ends of a smooth tipped forceps. (uwm.edu)
  • Mouse sperm cryopreservation has greatly developed and spread throughout the world since it was the first successfully performed in 1990. (go.jp)
  • Many researchers have actively been investigating the techniques surrounding mouse sperm cryopreservation and embryo production using cryopreserved sperm. (go.jp)
  • This review focuses on recent work regarding various attractive technologies in the fields of sperm cryopreservation and efficient embryo production using cryopreserved C57BL/6 mouse sperm. (go.jp)
  • Furthermore, 129-strain ES cells often contribute to the germline of the chimeras, and when breeding chimeras with C57BL/6 test mice, the dominant agouti color in offspring signifying germline transmission is also easily detected in the G1 generation litters. (umassmed.edu)
  • C57BL/6J mice are resistant to audiogenic seizures, have a relatively low bone density, and develop age related hearing loss. (mmpc.org)
  • Macrophages from this strain are resistant to the effects of anthrax lethal toxin. (mmpc.org)
  • The laboratory is also the world's source for more than 8,000 strains of genetically defined mice and is home of the Mouse Genome Informatics database. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast to wild-type mice, Trpm8−/− showed a strong aversion to mentholated (100 µg/mL) nicotine (200 µg/mL) and preferred nicotine alone. (bmj.com)
  • Trpm8−/− mice show aversion to lower concentrations of menthol than wild-type mice. (bmj.com)
  • To test this hypothesis, we inoculated strain-typing panels of wild-type mice with brain material from human vCJD case-patients from France, the Netherlands, Italy, and the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The mean number of terminals per triangularis sterni muscle fibre 7 days after birth was 1.55 +/- 0.07 in Wlds and 1.56 +/- 0.09 in wild-type mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The mouse has since been used extensively as a model organism and is associated with many important biological discoveries of the 20th and 21st Centuries. (wikipedia.org)
  • These mice have reduced glycogen stores in adipose tissue, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle, corresponding with decreased glycogen synthase activity and glycogen synthesis rate. (jci.org)
  • The strain properties of vCJD and BSE have been extensively characterized in these sets of mice by using a combination of the order in which each strain of mouse dies of disease (incubation period rankings), distribution of brain vacuolation at the terminal stage of disease (lesion profiles), distribution pattern of abnormal prion protein (PrP Sc ) in the brain, and glycosylation pattern of PrP Sc as assessed by Western blot analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, these ES cells are the foundation for two large-scale knockout mouse programs designed to provide targeted BL/6 ES cells to the scientific community (EUCOMM and KOMP). (umassmed.edu)
  • β1(-/-) mice exhibit a dramatic neurological phenotype that includes an ataxic gait, spontaneous seizures, and premature death. (jneurosci.org)
  • The tumor phenotype in mice takes eight weeks to develop from the H-Ras and shp53 model. (genengnews.com)
  • The tumor phenotype is revealed when mice appear lethargic and have an enlarged head. (genengnews.com)
  • Single CAR-T cell treatment controls disseminated ovarian cancer in a syngeneic mouse model. (uchicago.edu)
  • In vivo, MV + aPD-1 therapy synergistically enhanced survival of C57BL/6 mice bearing syngeneic orthotopic GL261 gliomas. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Inbred strains are the result of at least 20 generations of brother-sister mating. (uwm.edu)
  • This substrain is at least (a number>20 by definition) generations removed from the originating JAXR Mice strain and has NOT been re-infused with pedigreed stock from The Jackson Laboratory. (nomura-siam.com)
  • The mice were backcrossed nine generations (N9). (taconic.com)
  • Small mammals like mice or rats are indispensable for preclinical research. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Approach and Results: We demonstrated that both Gas1 and Cdon are expressed in adult ECs and relied on either siRNAs- or EC-specific conditional knockout mice to investigate their role. (oskar-bordeaux.fr)
  • Since Cdon is upregulated in ECs treated by inflammatory cytokines, including TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α and Il (interleukin)-1β, we then tested whether Cdon inhibition would promote endothelium integrity in acute inflammatory conditions and found that both fibrinogen and IgG extravasation were decreased in association with an increased Cdh5 (cadherin-5) expression in the brain cortex of EC-specific Cdon knockout mice administered locally with Il-1β. (oskar-bordeaux.fr)
  • Localization of the membrane defect in transepithelial transport of taurine by parallel studies in vivo and in vitro in hypertaurinuric mice. (jci.org)
  • We have obtained preliminary data consistent with this hypothesis in mouse model of asthma where chronic treatment with ß2AR inverse agonists significantly reduces the effects of a bronchoconstrictor. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
  • Other mouse species sometimes used in laboratory research include two American species, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and the North American deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). (wikipedia.org)
  • She and co-researchers found significant concordance among mouse, human and rat hypertension QTL, 4 between mouse and human HDL cholesterol QTL, 6 between rat and human kidney disease QTL, 7 between mouse and human atherosclerosis QTL, 8 and among various species for osteoporosis, inflammatory bowel disease, type II diabetes and asthma QTL. (jax.org)
  • In parallel, multiple technologies and manual finishing were used to produce an 85-Mb reference genome assembly from the more readily available mouse parasite species T. muris (Online Methods and Supplementary Note ). (nature.com)
  • However, the resulting targeted G1 mice are of a mixed 129 x C57BL/6 genetic background. (umassmed.edu)
  • However, a disadvantage of this combination is that a slightly mixed C57BL/6 genetic background (C57BL/6N x C57BL/6J) is produced when breeding the resulting chimeras with C57BL/6J Tyrc-Brd albino mice to test for germline transmission in the G1 generation. (umassmed.edu)
  • The B6-mice had normal auditory evoked brainstem response thresholds from 1 to 2 months of age, but they show gradual progressive elevation of thresholds for high frequencies. (cdc.gov)
  • Frequencies of mitogen-reactive B cells in the mouse. (silverchair.com)
  • No LPS-reactive cells but normal frequencies of lipoprotein-reactive cells were found in C3H/HeJ mice, genetically nonreactive to LPS. (silverchair.com)
  • SJL mice had significantly lower frequencies of LPS- and of lipoprotein-reactive B cells (1 in approximately 30 B cells). (silverchair.com)
  • The new brain atlas database consists of 3-D anatomical data from 10 adult male mice of the strain C57BL/6J, and contains data on 20 segmented structures, including variability of brain structures across the strain, and downloadable visualization tools. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Little and Castle collaborated closely with Abbie Lathrop who was a breeder of fancy mice and rats which she marketed to rodent hobbyists and keepers of exotic pets, and later began selling in large numbers to scientific researchers. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1921, Littel obtained mice from Lathrop and named a strain of mice that was derived from the mating of female 57 and male 52 and that consistently exhibited black hair as C57BL. (nomura-siam.com)
  • Although this strain is refractory to many tumors, it is a permissive background for maximal expression of most mutations. (mmpc.org)
  • Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. (uchicago.edu)
  • A model is a set of tumors that share the same tumor name, organ(s) affected, and treatment type for a specific strain. (jax.org)
  • Using RNA sequencing data from whipworm-infected mice, we describe the regulated T helper 1 (T H 1)-like immune response of the chronically infected cecum in unprecedented detail. (nature.com)
  • This presentation will compare ABR results in the two congenic strains as well as compare the present data with the previous inbred C57BL/6J and CBA/CaJ data. (cdc.gov)
  • Transmission to mice occurred from each sample tested, and data were similar between non-UK and UK cases, with the exception of the ranking of mean clinical incubation times of mouse lines. (cdc.gov)
  • However, one still has to genotype all of the G1 generation mice from germline transmitting chimeras or risk losing some black colored mice that are ES cells derived. (umassmed.edu)
  • The findings demonstrated the advantages of using inbred and F1 hybrid strains of mice which are genetically well defined, numerous and readily available. (cdc.gov)
  • Tissue content of monoamines, volumetric brain abnormalities, dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, and various domains of the mouse behavior repertoire were evaluated in adult male mice. (researchgate.net)
  • The first paper will examine correlates among attending, impulsive behavior, and short-term remembering in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. (abainternational.org)
  • In the early part of the 20th century, Harvard undergraduate Clarence Cook Little was conducting studies on mouse genetics in the laboratory of William Ernest Castle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetics of age-related hearing loss in mice. (cdc.gov)
  • The results of this study confirm previous reports that there is a fairly large animal to animal variability to larkspur toxicity, and that this variation is found across numerous strains of mice. (usda.gov)
  • Recently, RI strains have also been used to map QTLs that that are responsible for biometric variation in the architecture of the mouse CNS (Belknap et al. (nervenet.org)
  • We hypothesized that a common strain of agent is responsible for all vCJD cases, regardless of geographic origin. (cdc.gov)
  • In a vaccination model using TLR9 ligand as adjuvant, mice immunized at the time of enhanced TLR9 responsiveness presented weeks later with an improved adaptive immune response. (nih.gov)
  • These mice have deficiencies in their immune systems and thereby prove valuable in the study of immune diseases and cancer. (uwm.edu)
  • In comparing the immune response of lean and obese female mice, the study authors write in the study that they hoped to find out how obesity affects the immune response of the genital mucosa. (the-scientist.com)
  • They then intravaginally infected all of the mice with HSV-2 virus and observed their immune response over the course of three weeks. (the-scientist.com)
  • T2∗ weighted immune cell-specific MRI and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of treated mouse brains was used to examine adaptive immune responses following therapy. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Of course, one could breed the chimeras with inbred C57BL/6N mice to maintain a pure C57BL/6N substrain background- but then one could not use coat color in the G1 generation to identify germline-transmitting chimeras, as all the offspring would be of a black coat color regardless of germline transmission. (umassmed.edu)
  • and the convenience of performing mouse reproduction via in vitro fertilization. (go.jp)
  • In vitro assays of MV infection of glioma cells and infected glioma cells with mouse microglia ± aPD-1 blockade were established to assess damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule production, migration, and pro-inflammatory effects. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These mice are known for their low incidence of mammary cancers and their resistance to exogenous tumor induction and are widely used for studies on cancer and immunology and for those in the field of toxicity and microbiology. (nomura-siam.com)
  • C57BL/6J is the most widely used inbred strain and the first to have its genome sequenced. (mmpc.org)
  • expression of mhDISC1, endogenous DISC1, lissencephaly type 1, nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1, glycoprotein 130, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta were assessed in cortical samples of newborn mice. (researchgate.net)
  • Insect larvae such as tobacco hornworm can accelerate and economize preclinical research by complementing classic laboratory animals such as rats and mice. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Amylase activity in pancreatic tissue and duodenal digesta was significantly lower in hamsters than rats and mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rats and mice may rely more on pancreatic amylase for prae-caecal starch digestion, while the microbial fermentation is mainly located in the caecum. (bvsalud.org)
  • BSE and vCJD produce highly reproducible and similar incubation period rankings and neuropathology, which indicates that they are the same strain in the RIII, C57BL, and VM mice, whereas in the FVB mice, both diseases exhibit the same pattern of PrP Sc deposition ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
  • Although young PTG heterozygous mice initially demonstrate normal glucose tolerance, progressive glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance develop with aging. (jci.org)
  • Insulin resistance in older PTG heterozygous mice correlates with a significant increase in muscle triglyceride content, with a corresponding attenuation of insulin receptor signaling. (jci.org)
  • Since these JM8A3 cells are heterozygous for the corrected agouti allele [A tm1brd ], crossing the resulting brown-on-white chimeras with C57BL/6N test mice yield embryonic stem cell-derived offspring with either agouti or black coats. (umassmed.edu)
  • Degeneration of motor terminals after nerve section occurs much more slowly than normal in young adult mice of the C57Bl/Wlds strain. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Foxe1 Deletion in the Adult Mouse Is Associated With Increased Thyroidal Mast Cells and Hypothyroidism. (uchicago.edu)
  • The increased role of QTL mapping and favored status of the inbred mouse in that role, are due to the improvement and development of genetic research tools (many of them pioneered by The Jackson Laboratory) to manipulate the mouse genome. (jax.org)
  • C57BL/6, was introduced to the Jackson Laboratory to form the C57BL/6J strain. (nomura-siam.com)
  • C57BL/6J mice were introduced from the Jackson Laboratory to NIH and were maintained as C57BL6N. (nomura-siam.com)
  • In addition, C57BL/6J mice at F166 were introduced from the Jackson Laboratory to CLEA Japan, Inc., in 1989, at which time their production and supply was started. (nomura-siam.com)
  • Responses were compared with those in mice deficient in the cold/menthol receptor, TRPM8, expressed in trigeminal sensory neurons innervating the oral cavity. (bmj.com)
  • Prenatal interaction modulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines in fetal brains, levels of mhDISC1, endogenous mouse DISC1, and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. (researchgate.net)
  • identified a single genetic locus (Ahl) that could explain the early presbycusis observed in the inbred C57BL/6J mouse strain. (cdc.gov)
  • This locus was later shown to make this strain more vulnerable to noise -induced hearing loss (Davis et al. (cdc.gov)
  • In the congenic C57BL/6J strain, the Ahl locus has been replaced by the wild-type locus from the inbred CBA/CaJ strain (strain B6.CBA). (cdc.gov)
  • We provide two-locus correlograms that can be used to detect and correct for non-syntenic association and to reduce error rates in QTL mapping studies that exploit RI strains. (nervenet.org)
  • A novel quantitative trait locus implicates Msh3 in the propensity for genome-wide short tandem repeat expansions in mice. (uchicago.edu)