AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Hepatitis B virusHepatitis BHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis B AntibodiesHepatitis B Core AntigensHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B Virus, DuckHepatitis B AntigensHepatitis CHepatitis ADNA, ViralAntiviral AgentsVirus ReplicationLamivudineCarcinoma, HepatocellularHepatitis, Viral, HumanHepatitisHepatitis VirusesHepatitis A virusHepatitis C, ChronicHepatitis, Viral, AnimalHepatitis, ChronicLiver NeoplasmsDucksHepatitis AntibodiesHepatitis B Virus, WoodchuckHepatitis DHepatitis Delta VirusHepacivirusHepadnaviridae InfectionsMolecular Sequence DataRNA, ViralHepatitis C AntibodiesCarrier StateViral Hepatitis VaccinesInfluenza B virusLiverHepatitis A VaccinesGenotypeViral Core ProteinsOrganophosphonatesLiver CirrhosisAlanine TransaminaseMarmotaHepadnaviridaeHepatitis E virusPolymerase Chain ReactionBase SequenceGenome, ViralRNA VirusesHepatitis EHepatitis A AntibodiesAmino Acid SequenceCell LineVirus AssemblySequence Analysis, DNAVaccinia virusSeroepidemiologic StudiesAdenineGenes, ViralGene Expression Regulation, ViralMutationReceptors, VirusDrug Resistance, ViralVirus ActivationViral LoadHepatitis A Virus, HumanHepatocytesTrans-ActivatorsViral ProteinsVirionHepatitis, AutoimmuneBlood DonorsPhylogenyVirus CultivationInterferon-alphaHepatitis, AnimalHepatitis AntigensPlasmidsVirus DiseasesGene Products, polProtein PrecursorsHepatitis delta AntigensAntigens, ViralReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseVaccinationHepatovirusPrevalenceAntibodies, ViralCapsidTransfectionHIV InfectionsNucleocapsidVirus SheddingAvihepadnavirusDefective VirusesHepatitis C Antigens
GenotypeSurface antigenAntigen2019HBsAgHumansAntibodiesInfection with the hepatitis B virPathogenesisPrevalenceAbstractMolecularInfectionsHaemophilusSeroprevalenceBacteriaGenotypesAntiviralCostcoPreviously vaccinatedHepatocellular carcinomaParticlesCirrhosisType of hepatitisGenomePathogensPositive for hepatitisInfectProteinsOutbreak strainMouse hepatitisEndemicTransmissionExposureLancetPoliovirus vaccineClinicalBloodborneInfectious2022CaliforniaEpidemiologyIsolatesChronic infectionAfricaFlaviviridaeOutbreaksRelatednessGeneticHepaticIncidenceImmunizationSpeciesDengueCommonlyChronicallyStrawberriesResistantInternational CommittMutantEpidemicLiver diseaseSubtype
Genotype11
Surface antigen6
  • These components are the Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide [polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP)] that is covalently bound to an outer membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from recombinant yeast cultures. (theodora.com)
  • cough (pertussis) organisms, highly purified, non-infectious particles of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hib component as under consideration. (who.int)
  • Surface antigen of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is obtained by immunization, and also inquire about the recent health status of the child to be injected. (who.int)
  • Parents of a child with a family history y tétanos, organismos inactivados de tos ferina (pertussis), partículas no-infecciosas, altamente purificadas del antígeno de culturing genetically engineered Hansenula polymorpha yeast cells having the surface antigen gene of the Hepatitis B virus. (who.int)
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expressed in the cells of Hansenula polymorpha is purified through several chemical steps instructed regarding appropriate medical care in the unlikely event of a seizure. (who.int)
  • Yu MC, Yuan JM, Ross RK, Govindarajan S. Presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen is associated with an excess risk for hepatocellular carcinoma among non-Asians in Los Angeles County, California. (medscape.com)
Antigen3
  • No reactions were observed when 71V1251 antigen was tested with 47 other immune mouse ascitic fluids representing more than 250 arboviruses plus rabies, mouse hepatitis and Theiler's GDVII virus. (cdc.gov)
  • The antigen is harvested and purified from fermentation cultures of a recombinant strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the gene for the adw subtype of HBsAg. (theodora.com)
  • Australia antigen and the biology of hepatitis B. Science . (medscape.com)
20191
  • The nearly full-length (7212 nucleotides ) genome of the strain HEV/81236/ Wolf /2019/ITA ( GenBank accession no. (bvsalud.org)
HBsAg1
  • A portion of the hepatitis B virus gene, coding for HBsAg, is cloned into yeast, and the vaccine for hepatitis B is produced from cultures of this recombinant yeast strain according to methods developed in the Merck Research Laboratories. (theodora.com)
Humans9
  • The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated HCC) and lymphomas in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Viruses get a bad rap, but they also perform many important functions for humans, plants, animals, and the environment. (medicinenet.com)
  • HIV-1 originated in Central Africa in the first half of the 20th century, when a closely related chimpanzee virus first infected humans. (msdmanuals.com)
  • One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
  • For this reason, the infect humans, this virus can infect cordance between humans and ex- question about tumour site concor- several other species - including perimental animals. (who.int)
  • For other human tumour virus- primate species are related to the hu- tween data in humans and in experi- es, the use of humanized severe man tumour viruses, the incidence of mental animals is not obvious. (who.int)
  • For instance, mice are able to reconstitute most lymphomas in monkeys and humans woodchuck hepatitis virus induces major components of the human provides strong support for a direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) haematolymphoid system including oncogenic role of EBV in vivo. (who.int)
  • that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
  • Zika is a virus passed to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
Antibodies5
  • Development of antiviral antibodies requires the presence of CD4+ T cells but appears to play a minimal role in the reduction of virus. (scienceopen.com)
  • The second option is to test the source patient for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), then if positive, test for HCV RNA. (cdc.gov)
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) test is a blood test that looks for the genetic material ( RNA ) of the virus that causes hepatitis or for the proteins ( antibodies ) the body makes against HCV. (alberta.ca)
  • No hepatitis C antibodies are found. (alberta.ca)
  • Hepatitis antibodies can take weeks to develop. (alberta.ca)
Infection with the hepatitis B vir1
  • Although the original reports of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (papular acrodermatitis of childhood) were attributed to acute infection with the hepatitis B virus, more recent studies have demonstrated that Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is more commonly associated with a number of other infectious agents, both viral and bacterial. (medscape.com)
Pathogenesis3
Prevalence2
Abstract2
Molecular6
  • During our research, we demonstrated that a cellular protein capable of degrading DNA could be incorporated into the viral particle and induce degradation of the hepatitis B virus genome," explains Jean-Pierre Vartanian from the Institut Pasteur's Molecular Retrovirology Unit. (pasteur.fr)
  • While the molecular biology of the two viruses has been characterized in great detail, the absence of robust cell culture models for HBV and/or HDV infection has limited the investigation of virus-host interactions. (mdpi.com)
  • Non-travel-associated hepatitis E in England and Wales: demographic, clinical, and molecular epidemiological characteristics. (nature.com)
  • Over 30% of the individuals exhibit molecular signs of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), parvovirus B19, variola virus (VARV), and Mycobacterium leprae . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we present molecular evidence of infection with four different pathogens (human parvovirus B19 (B19), HBV, variola virus, and M. leprae ) in 22 individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using two well-studied hepatitis virus datasets, HBV and HCV, we assess if computational methods for molecular species delimitation that are typically applied to barcoding biodiversity studies can also be successfully deployed for hepatitis virus classification. (peerj.com)
Infections10
  • The original cases, described in Italy by Gianotti in 1955, were associated with hepatitis B virus infection, although other viral infections currently account for most cases. (medscape.com)
  • Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: the "Cold War" has not ended. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, some viruses protect the host against other infections. (medicinenet.com)
  • Viral infections are contagious for varying periods of time depending on the virus. (medicinenet.com)
  • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections are major causes of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. (mdpi.com)
  • Another patient has been identified in an ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A infections traced to frozen organic strawberries. (foodsafetynews.com)
  • Public health officials are investigating the connection between certain frozen organic strawberries and a new outbreak of hepatitis A infections. (foodsafetynews.com)
  • La présente étude visait à déterminer la prévalence des infections occultes par le virus de l'hépatite B chez des patients égyptiens atteints d'une hépatite C chronique, le génotype et la survenue des mutations génétiques du virus de l'hépatite B et l'impact d'une coïnfection par le virus de l'hépatite B sur la réponse précoce du patient au traitement. (who.int)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results from 1 of 2 similar retroviruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) that destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and impair cell-mediated immunity, increasing risk of certain infections and cancers. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Vertical transmission from mother to newborn baby is one of the mechanisms by which chronic hepatitis virus infection spreads, besides infections from contaminated needles and syringes and sexual contact. (bvsalud.org)
Haemophilus5
  • The PRP-OMPC conjugate is prepared by the chemical coupling of the highly purified PRP (polyribosylribitol phosphate) of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Haemophilus b, Ross strain) to an OMPC of the B11 strain of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. The coupling of the PRP to the OMPC is necessary for enhanced immunogenicity of the PRP. (theodora.com)
  • Infants and children with recognized possible or potential underlying neurologic conditions seem to be at enhanced risk for the Vaccin conjugué Antidiphtérique, Hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b appearance of manifestation of the underlying neurologic disorder within two or three days following vaccination. (who.int)
  • Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b Conjugate Vaccine Adsorbed as supplied by Serum the parent's history with respect to possible sensitivity and any previous adverse reactions to the vaccine or similar vaccines. (who.int)
  • B y la Haemophilus influenzae tipo b, en la forma suministrada por el Serum Institute of India Pvt. (who.int)
  • Other vaccines that combine DTP and/or Haemophilus influenzae type b and/or hepatitis B with IPV appear feasible but require further investigation. (who.int)
Seroprevalence2
Bacteria5
  • A myriad of agents can potentially be transmitted through blood transfusions, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. (medscape.com)
  • Viruses and bacteria are two types of potentially disease-causing (pathogenic) particles. (medicinenet.com)
  • Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and can't reproduce without the assistance of a host. (medicinenet.com)
  • Lab tests may help clarify whether an illness is due to a virus, bacteria, or other infectious agent or disease process. (medicinenet.com)
  • most viruses are much smaller than bacteria. (medicinenet.com)
Genotypes8
  • Hepatitis E is hyperendemic in many developing countries in Asia and Africa, and is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2, which are spread via the faecal-oral route by contaminated water. (nature.com)
  • In such geographical settings, hepatitis E is caused by HEV genotypes 3 and 4, and is mainly a porcine zoonosis. (nature.com)
  • Hepatitis C is an enveloped virus, and the RNA also lacks a proofreading ability after replication, which results in mutations coding for many genotypes within the host. (bartleby.com)
  • Mavyret has been shown to be effective at treating hepatitis C infection genotypes 1 to 6 in clinical studies . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Guidelines published by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease and Infectious Diseases Society of America recommend Mavyret as a treatment option for people with hepatitis C genotypes 1 to 6. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Different strains of hepatitis C exist, called hepatitis C genotypes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The overlap of predicted clusters with taxonomically acknowledged genotypes implies that virus classification can be successfully automated. (peerj.com)
  • Complete genomes, phylogenetic relatedness, and structural proteins of six strains of the hepatitis B virus, four of which represent two new genotypes. (medscape.com)
Antiviral6
  • Although several antiviral treatments can effectively inhibit HBV replication, they are not curative and do not fully eliminate the virus. (pasteur.fr)
  • DNase I, considered as a new antiviral restriction factor, is expressed in vitro in a hypoxic (oxygen-depleted) environment and also in patients infected with hepatitis B virus. (pasteur.fr)
  • Direct-acting antiviral regimens to treat infected patients, the impacts of those treatments on hepatitis C epidemiology, and obstacles to HCV elimination (e.g., vaccine development) are also covered. (cshlpress.com)
  • Scientists have discovered new antiviral compounds from a rare bacterial strain, offering a novel approach to target hepatitis B virus. (news-medical.net)
  • 30, hepatitis is treated with directive antiviral agents. (gossipgirldaily.org)
  • HALT-C (Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-term Treatment against Cirrhosis) trial website. (medscape.com)
Costco1
  • The multi-state hepatitis A outbreak linked to Townsend Farms Organic Antioxidant Blend frozen berry and pomegranate mix sold at Costco stores has grown to include 151 sickened. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)
Previously vaccinated1
Hepatocellular carcinoma3
Particles8
  • Virus particles, consistent with the appearance of corona viruses, were found in the cytoplasm of cells that were identified as oligondendrocytes by demonstrating connections of their plasma membranes with myelin lamellae. (scienceopen.com)
  • Viruses are small particles of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) that are surrounded by a protein coat. (medicinenet.com)
  • Viruses infect a host by introducing their genetic material into the cells and hijacking the cell's internal machinery to make more virus particles. (medicinenet.com)
  • With an active viral infection, a virus makes copies of itself and bursts the host cell (killing it) to set the newly-formed virus particles free. (medicinenet.com)
  • In other cases, virus particles "bud" off the host cell over a period of time before killing the host cell. (medicinenet.com)
  • Either way, new virus particles are then free to infect other cells. (medicinenet.com)
  • The virus makes more copies of itself, releases new virus particles, and kills more host cells. (medicinenet.com)
  • These viruses are most commonly spread by inhaling droplets containing virus particles. (medicinenet.com)
Cirrhosis2
  • There is a very high rates of morbidity and mortality in Egypt due to hepatitis C chronic infection or its complications either cirrhosis or liver cancer. (bartleby.com)
  • When evaluating a patient with suspected hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, also consider the other viral hepatitides and etiologies that can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure, such as drug hepatotoxicity. (medscape.com)
Type of hepatitis2
  • If the death is confirmed to be down to the unusual type of hepatitis, it would be the first confirmed in the US and second in the world. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • It's important to identify the type of hepatitis virus causing the infection, to prevent its spread and choose the proper treatment. (alberta.ca)
Genome7
  • Hepatitis C virus has a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The proteins of this virus are arranged along the genome in the following order: N terminal-core-envelope (E1)-E2-p7-nonstructural protein 2 (NS2)-NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5A-NS5B-C terminal. (wikipedia.org)
  • NS1 (p7) protein is dispensable for viral genome replication but plays a critical role in virus morphogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a hepatotropic, approximately 7.2 kb single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus whose genome contains three open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3), 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), and a poly(A) tract at the 3′ end. (nature.com)
  • Newswise - HAMILTON, ON, Jan. 4, 2018 - A team of scientists has sequenced the complete genome of an ancient strain of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), shedding new light on a pervasive, complex and deadly pathogen that today kills nearly one million people every year. (newswise.com)
  • The M. leprae strain clustered in branch 3 together with the oldest to-date genome from the UK. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Retroviruses are enveloped RNA viruses defined by their mechanism of replication via reverse transcription to produce DNA copies that integrate into the host cell's genome. (msdmanuals.com)
Pathogens2
  • Exposure to hepatitis viruses has long been recognized as an occupational risk for health care personnel (HCP), and recommendations previously were established for managing occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) ( 1 ) (Supplementary Figure, https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/90288 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? (mdpi.com)
Positive for hepatitis4
  • The increasing number of citizens that are testing positive for Hepatitis C is shocking and the epidemic is just getting worse. (bartleby.com)
  • A Red Lobster employee in Largo, Florida has tested positive for hepatitis A, according to news reports. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)
  • My doctor took blood samples for testing and they came back positive for Hepatitis B. Over the next few weeks I got sicker and sicker. (hepb.org)
  • HBV-DNA was detectable in sera from 3 patients out of the 40 patients who were positive for hepatitis B core antibody. (who.int)
Infect3
  • When viruses infect cells, they make use of cellular machinery, in other words the cell's built-in multiplication mechanisms. (pasteur.fr)
  • Viruses depend on the organisms they infect (hosts) for their very survival. (medicinenet.com)
  • Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. (mdpi.com)
Proteins3
  • To combat viruses, some cellular proteins are capable of interfering with these mechanisms. (pasteur.fr)
  • Viral Entry The envelope proteins of HCV form a heterodimer which helps binding the hepatitis C virus to the receptors present on the hepatocytes membrane. (bartleby.com)
  • These proteins will be present in your blood if you have a hepatitis C infection now or have had one in the past. (alberta.ca)
Outbreak strain2
  • The outbreak strain of the hepatitis A virus was found in clinical specimens of 89 people in seven states. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)
  • The outbreak strain of the virus was found in clinical specimens of 88 people in seven states: Arizona (11), California (34), Colorado (23), Hawaii (7), New Mexico (6), Nevada (5) and Wisconsin (2). (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)
Mouse hepatitis6
  • The eradication of infectious virus from the central nervous system (CNS) following infection with the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) is thought to be immune-mediated. (scienceopen.com)
  • Summary Weanling mice were given intraperitoneal inoculations of the neurotropic, JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus, the virulence of which had been altered by repeated mouse passages. (scienceopen.com)
  • Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. (scienceopen.com)
  • Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are required for the clearance of virus from the central nervous system following infection with the JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus. (scienceopen.com)
  • Neuropathogenicity of mutant strains of mouse hepatitis virus, 1A and 2C, from DBT cells persistently infected with JHM strain. (utmb.edu)
  • Role of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) receptor murine CEACAM1 in the resistance of mice to MHV infection: studies of mice with chimeric mCEACAM1a and mCEACAM1b. (jax.org)
Endemic3
  • Hepatitis E in the south west of France in individuals who have never visited an endemic area. (nature.com)
  • The West Nile Virus outbreak of 1999 made 67 people in New York City ill, and brought with it endemic anxiety. (blogspot.com)
  • Hepatitis B chronic infection is endemic in many poor countries, especially in Africa. (bvsalud.org)
Transmission7
  • Ongoing transmission of a single hepatitis B virus strain among men having sex with men in Amsterdam. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mode of Transmission In the developed countries the primary route of transmission of the virus is intravenous drug use, in opposite to the developing countries the main routes are unclean medical procedures and unsafe blood transfusions (Maheshwari et al. (bartleby.com)
  • He says the approach should be similar to that taken for HIV/AIDS, to which Hepatitis shows similar roots of transmission. (voanews.com)
  • According to Wiktor, the strains have different routes of transmission. (voanews.com)
  • Mathematical analysis of hepatitis B transmission model. (zbmath.org)
  • In addition, because a major mode of transmission of this disease is sexual, also consider the possibility of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other sexually transmitted diseases. (medscape.com)
  • Sexual transmission of the virus can be prevented by using condoms or not having sex with a person who is possibly infected. (medlineplus.gov)
Exposure7
  • Exposure to hepatitis viruses is a recognized occupational risk for health care personnel (HCP). (cdc.gov)
  • This report establishes new CDC guidance that includes recommendations for a testing algorithm and clinical management for HCP with potential occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV). (cdc.gov)
  • Postexposure prophylaxis of hepatitis C is not recommended for HCP who have occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to the hepatitis A virus can cause an acute infection of the liver that is typically mild and resolves on its own. (marlerblog.com)
  • The Marion County Health Department (MCHD), in cooperation with La Cocina Mexicana Restaurant in Salem, is investigating a report of Hepatitis A virus exposure. (marlerblog.com)
  • An incubation period refers to the time between exposure to a virus (or other pathogen) and the emergence of symptoms. (medicinenet.com)
  • Travellers with increased exposure risk should also be advised about hepatitis A and Japanese encephalitis. (who.int)
Lancet1
  • Hepatitis E. Lancet 379 , 2477-2488 (2012). (nature.com)
Poliovirus vaccine1
  • Over the past few years we have had frequent requests for the details such as isolation and attenuation and accordingly we felt that bringing the data together in the report below would be both helpful and informative to those involved in the production and control of poliovirus vaccine (oral) prepared from these strains. (who.int)
Clinical2
  • Health care providers can use this guidance to update their procedures for postexposure testing and clinical management of HCP potentially exposed to hepatitis C virus. (cdc.gov)
  • McMahon BJ, Holck P, Bulkow L, Snowball M. Serologic and clinical outcomes of 1536 Alaska Natives chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. (medscape.com)
Bloodborne1
Infectious4
  • Furthermore, a significant decrease of infectious virus coincides with the appearance of prominent inflammatory infiltrates in the brain and spinal cord. (scienceopen.com)
  • More than 2,000 gay white (Operation Trojan Horse) was injected with the vaccine against hepatitis A 'modified' in 1978 at the Centre for Infectious Disease Control and the blood collection center in New York. (godlikeproductions.com)
  • Dr Tina Tan, pediatric infectious disease physician at Lurie Children's Hospital in Chicago, said the cases are most likely to be caused by a virus because they are appearing in clusters. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • The recent outbreak of hepatitis A among homeless populations in San Diego (as well as Santa Cruz and Los Angeles), California, brings to mind several key issues that might be useful for infectious diseases clinicians and practitioners in general. (medscape.com)
20222
  • CDC, public health and regulatory officials in several states, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration are investigating a multistate outbreak of hepatitis A potentially linked to contaminated fresh organic strawberries reportedly sold as FreshKampo or HEB, purchased in the United States between March 5, 2022, and April 25, 2022. (marlerblog.com)
  • Federal officials have confirmed that the strain of hepatitis A virus found in frozen organic strawberries involved in a multi-state outbreak this year is the same strain that caused an outbreak in 2022. (foodsafetynews.com)
California4
  • Ten people in Washington, Oregon, California and Hawaii have contracted Hepatitis A linked to the consumption of frozen strawberries. (marlerblog.com)
  • Acute hepatitis E infection acquired in California. (nature.com)
  • The CDC reports as of June 4, 2013, 49 people ill with acute hepatitis A that may be linked with consumption of a contaminated product have been reported by seven states: Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Hawaii, and California. (foodpoisonjournal.com)
  • Cite this: California Contagion: How to Control Severe Hepatitis A - Medscape - Dec 14, 2017. (medscape.com)
Epidemiology2
Isolates1
  • After our recent discovery of a Streptococcus pneumoniae 19A "superbug" (Legacy strain) that is resistant to all Food and Drug Administration-approved antimicrobial drugs for treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, other S. pneumoniae isolates from children with AOM were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (cdc.gov)
Chronic infection1
  • Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects more than 250 million people worldwide, putting them at high risk of developing serious liver conditions including liver cancer, an extremely severe form of cancer for which scientists have not yet found an effective treatment. (pasteur.fr)
Africa3
  • This strain is rarely seen in the Americas but circulates in the North Africa and Middle East regions. (foodpoisonjournal.com)
  • In some areas of West Africa, both viruses are prevalent and may coinfect patients. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Before 2015, the virus was found mainly in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands. (medlineplus.gov)
Flaviviridae3
  • The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (55-65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • The hepatitis C virus belongs to the genus Hepacivirus, a member of the family Flaviviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is from the virus family Flaviviridae with an RNA envelope serving as it's genetic material. (bartleby.com)
Outbreaks1
  • Namibia experienced a significant number of outbreaks in past years such as Cholera, Anthrax, Rabies, Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Polio, Hepatitis E Virus and the current COVID-19 pandemic with high morbidity, mortality and adverse socio-economic impacts' said Dr Kalumbi Shangula, Minister of Health and Social Services as he launched the NAPHS. (who.int)
Relatedness1
  • To determine the relatedness of the HIV strains from both persons, DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (cdc.gov)
Genetic5
  • Placed at this biosafety level based on close antigenic or genetic relationship to other viruses in a group of 3 or more viruses, all of which are classified at this level. (cdc.gov)
  • Lu L , Li C , Hagedorn CH . Phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis E virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Primadharsini PP , Nagashima S , Okamoto H . Genetic variability and evolution of hepatitis E virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • No hepatitis C genetic material (RNA) is found. (alberta.ca)
  • The classification of hepatitis viruses still predominantly relies on ad hoc criteria, i.e., phenotypic traits and arbitrary genetic distance thresholds. (peerj.com)
Hepatic2
Incidence1
  • While all subsets of immune cells were present, there appeared to be a temporal relationship between the peak incidence of CD8 + T cells (40% of total isolated cells) and reduction of virus at day 7 post-infection. (scienceopen.com)
Immunization1
Species3
  • Viruses also participate in the process of evolution by transferring genes among different species. (medicinenet.com)
  • Among the biological agents re- because species specificity limits the causes lymphoproliferative diseas- viewed in Volume 100B of the IARC feasibility of this approach for most of es in New World monkeys and in Monographs (IARC, 2012) are sever- these viruses. (who.int)
  • However, except non-primate species often do not mour viruses is often problematic, for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which accurately reflect the mechanism of Part 1 · Chapter 9. (who.int)
Dengue1
  • The mosquitoes that spread Zika are the same type that spread dengue fever and chikungunya virus . (medlineplus.gov)
Commonly2
  • In a minority of cases, HEV causes acute and chronic hepatitis, but infection is commonly asymptomatic or unrecognized. (nature.com)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Infants and Children Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is caused by the retrovirus HIV-1 (and less commonly by the related retrovirus HIV-2). (msdmanuals.com)
Chronically1
  • It could be that this population is seeking care later, is being identified as ill later, is a more chronically ill population, or perhaps there are some strain virulence factors as well. (medscape.com)
Strawberries2
  • Wawona Frozen Foods has just recalled some of its Organic DayBreak Blend frozen fruit because strawberries in it have been linked to a hepatitis A outbreak. (foodsafetynews.com)
  • The patient count in a hepatitis A outbreak linked to frozen organic strawberries has increased, according to an update from the Food and Drug Administration. (foodsafetynews.com)
Resistant2
International Committ1
  • Although it remains difficult to define strict criteria for distinguishing between virus subtypes, and is not within the remit of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the use of agreed reference sequences will bring clarity and stability to researchers, epidemiologists and clinicians working with HEV. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mutant1
  • Similar to other RNA viruses, HEV builds a so-called mutant cloud, which represents an intra-host heterogeneous population, with the advantage of rapid adaptation to environmental conditions 19 . (nature.com)
Epidemic1
  • However, what is happening in this epidemic population is that people who may be worried that they could be exposed to hepatitis (but who are not in an at-risk group such as the homeless) might have a more pedestrian/viral illness but are asking to be tested. (medscape.com)
Liver disease1
Subtype2
  • Upon phylogenetic analysis , the HEV detected in wolf was segregated into clade HEV-3.1, displaying the highest nucleotide (nt) identity (89.0-93.3%) to Gt3 strains belonging to subtype c. (bvsalud.org)
  • Does HEV-3 subtype play a role in the severity of acute hepatitis E? (microbiologyresearch.org)