Fire blight, a disease of pome fruits caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, has become increasingly difficult to manage after the emergence of streptomycin-resistant strains. (bvsalud.org)
We report a case of posttraumatic knee septic arthritis in an immunocompetent patient in France that was caused by Erwinia billingiae , a gram-negative environmental bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae . (cdc.gov)
Comparative genomics of several strains of Erwinia amylovora, a plant pathogenic bacterium causal agent of fire blight disease, revealed that its diversity is primarily attributable to the flexible genome comprised of plasmids. (udg.edu)
Monterey Disease Control is a preventative biofungicide / bactericide that uses the naturally occurring beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 as its active ingredient. (arbico-organics.com)
Pseudomonas7
These bacteriophages appear to be most similar to bacteriophages that infect Pseudomonas and Ralstonia rather than Enterobacteriales bacteria by protein similarity, however, we were only able to detect infection of Erwinia and the closely related strains of Pantoea . (frontiersin.org)
It was discovered that a locus in Solanum lycopersicoides, termed Pseudomonas tomato race 1 (Ptr1), confers resistance to race 1 Pst strains by recognizing the type III effector AvrRpt2. (cornell.edu)
Two Pseudomonas strains (H346-M and H346-S) were isolated from hazelnut trees showing symptoms of shoot dieback and necrosis. (bvsalud.org)
2017 " Entomopathogenicity to Two Hemipteran Insects Is Common but Variable across Epiphytic Pseudomonas syringae Strains. (baltruslab.com)
Pathogen6
Erwinia amylovora is a plant pathogen from the Erwiniaceae family and a causative agent of the devastating agricultural disease fire blight. (frontiersin.org)
Sorbitol content did not have a major influence on disease severity or progression regardless of pathogen genotype (6 Erwinia amylovora strains and 1 Erwinia pyrifoliae ) or inoculum concentration. (ishs.org)
Antagonistic bacterial strains are identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SA77, B. badius SA68, B. gibsonii SA104, B. methyloprophicus SA94, B. pumilus SA171, B. simplex SA101, Brevibacterium halotolerans SA87) and Pantoea agglomerans (SA108). (sgu.ru)
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian str. (up.ac.za)
Epiphytic6
When strains were inoculated individually, virulent E. amylovora strain Ea153 attained the highest population size on stigmas with 'epiphytic yields' that were approximately double those of the avirulent derivative or the bacterial antagonists. (actahort.org)
Unexpectedly, the virulent strain enhanced the epiphytic yield of the antagonist mixture. (actahort.org)
Similarly, a small dose of virulent Ea153 added to inoculum of Ea153 HrpL- significantly increased the epiphytic yield of the avirulent strain. (actahort.org)
These results are consistent with the hypothesis that virulent E. amylovora modifies the epiphytic habitat presented by the stigma through the expression of pathogenesis-related genes, which increases resources available to itself and coincidentally to nonpathogenic competitors. (actahort.org)
Tidak seperti patogen tanaman lainnya, E. amylovora bersifat epiphytic, sehingga dapat memperbanyak diri pada permukaan tanaman yang sehat, misalnya pada bagian stigma bunga. (salbiahkarantina.com)
195 strains of epiphytic and endophytic bacteria, of which 8 strains had marked antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria alternaria, Aspergillus tubiengensis, Fusarium incarnatum equiseti, Fusarium tricinctum and Phoma fungicola were isolated. (sgu.ru)
Bacteria4
The primary aim of this study was to screen for potential antagonistic bacteria that suppress Erwinia amylovora . (online-rpd.org)
Thus, biological control agents (BCAs) developed using antagonistic bacteria effective against E. amylovora has garnered increasing attention as a potential resources of controlling the fire blight. (online-rpd.org)
Plant-pathogenic bacteria belonging to the Pectobacterium genus (formerly Erwinia , Winslow et al. (online-rpd.org)
Comparison of the Hrp PAI of E. amylovora with those of four closely related bacteria showed that orfB, a homologue of avrBsT of Xanthomonas campestris pv. (elsevierpure.com)
Avirulent strain1
Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in apple leaves inoculated with a virulent or an avirulent strain for Erwinia amylovora . (ac.ir)
The whole genome of various RSSC strains have been analyzed, and its virulence mechanism has been extensively investigated. (ppjonline.org)
Despite extensive effort in studying the virulence of RSSC strains, the complete understanding of the virulence mechanism remains elusive. (ppjonline.org)
Pantoea1
Results and discussion: The Large PantoeaPlasmids (LPP-1) of twenty strains encompassing seven different Pantoea species, including pathogens and endo-/epiphytes of a wide range of plant hosts as well as insect-associated strains, were compared. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Sequences4
Resistant E. amylovora can be tracked through the analysis of CRISPR spacer sequences. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, the CRISPR arrays from 127 newly available genomic sequences of E. amylovora were analyzed through a novel bioinformatic pipeline. (bvsalud.org)
The pan-genome of the eight compared P. ananatis strains consisted of a core genome comprised of 3,876 protein coding sequences (CDSs) and a sizeable accessory genome consisting of 1,690 CDSs. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacterial3
Prior to infection, Erwinia amylovora grows epiphytically on floral stigmas, which provide a conducive but nonselective habitat for bacterial growth. (actahort.org)
We investigated the dynamics of growth suppression of E. amylovora by comparing the ability of virulent and avirulent strains of E. amylovora to compete with each other on stigmas of pear and apple and to compete with a co-inoculated mixture of effective bacterial antagonists. (actahort.org)
One such bacterial infection caused by a phytopathogen Erwinia amylovora ( Zwet and Keil, 1979 ) is called fire blight and mainly affects ornamental plants of the Rosaceae family. (frontiersin.org)
Bacteriophages1
Here we characterize eight lytic bacteriophages of E. amylovora that we isolated from the Wasatch front (Utah, United States) that are highly similar to vB_EamM_Ea35-70 which was isolated in Ontario, Canada. (frontiersin.org)
Genome1
By analysing the pan-genome of eight sequenced P. ananatis strains isolated from different sources we identified factors potentially underlying its ability to colonize and interact with hosts in both the plant and animal Kingdoms. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptomycin-resistant2
These results indicate the presence of streptomycin-resistant Pectobacterium strains in South Korea, and the development of antibiotic alternatives to control soft rot is needed. (online-rpd.org)
There is no cross-resistance between Kasumin and streptomycin as Kasumin controls streptomycin-resistant strains of E. amylovora . (msu.edu)
Pathogenicity2
Agglutination of Erwinia stewartii strains with a corn agglutinin: correlation with extracellular polysaccharide production and pathogenicity. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sequence analysis of the region bordering the hrp/dsp gene cluster of Erwinia amylovora strain Ea321, which causes fire blight, revealed characteristics of pathogenicity islands (PAIs). (elsevierpure.com)
Billingiae1
In 2017 in France, we treated a patient with knee septic arthritis caused by Erwinia billingiae after trauma involving a palm tree. (cdc.gov)
Species2
In this study, antibiotic resistance of twenty-seven Korean strains of Pectobacterium species including P. carotovorum, P. odoriferum, P. brasiliense , and P. parmenteri , which were previously shown to be susceptible to the bacteriophage phiPccP-1 was surveyed using a disk diffusion assay. (online-rpd.org)
We also review the characteristics of Erwinia species and infections. (cdc.gov)
Plasmid4
A duplex PCR assay was developed to survey the prevalence of plasmid pEI70 and also that of pEA29, which had previously been described in several E. amylovora strains. (udg.edu)
Plasmid pEI70 was found widely dispersed across Europe with frequencies of 5-92%, but it was absent in E. amylovora analyzed populations from outside of Europe. (udg.edu)
Restriction analysis and hybridization demonstrated that this plasmid was identical in at least 13 strains. (udg.edu)
Curing E. amylovora strains of pEI70 reduced their aggressiveness on pear, and introducing pEI70 into low-aggressiveness strains lacking this plasmid increased symptoms development in this host. (udg.edu)
Blight4
The focus of my research is to develop new apple rootstocks that are more productive than current commercially available varieties and are resistant to devastating diseases like fire blight (caused by Erwinia amylovora) and replant disease. (usda.gov)
The occurrence of fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora in apple and pear trees in Korea showed regularity in terms of newly infected orchards that were contaminated in the vicinity of already infected orchards. (online-rpd.org)
In this work we assessed the efficacy of Erwinia phages and a commercial phage product for blossom blight control in the field across multiple locations in the eastern United States. (bvsalud.org)
Gray Mold ( Botrytis cinerea ), Botrytis Leaf Blight ( Botrytis squamosa )*, Botrytis Neck Rot ( Botrytis allii ), Brown Rot and Blossom Blight ( Monilinia spp ), Jacket Rot and Green Fruit Rot ( Botrytis cinerea , Monilinia spp, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ), Sclerotinia Head and Leaf Drop*, Sclerotina Stem Rot and Erwinia amylovora . (arbico-organics.com)
Proteins1
Inside plant tissues, E. amylovora makes proteins that cause plant cells to explode, freeing up nutrients to the invaders, said Aina Baro, a postdoctoral researcher at Washington State University. (goodfruit.com)
Conducive1
When temperatures are conducive for growth (70s to low 80s optimal), E. amylovora populations can grow to one million cells per flower within one to two days. (msu.edu)
Gene2
vesicatoria, and orfA, its putative chaperone gene, are present only in the Hrp PAI of E. amylovora. (elsevierpure.com)
To identify genes in EPS production beyond the EPS biosynthetic gene operon, we selected the EPS-defective mutants of R. pseudosolanacearum strain SL341 from Tn5-inserted mutant pool. (ppjonline.org)
however, race 1 strains of Pst, which do not express AvrPto/AvrPtoB but rather a different repertoire of effectors, evade Pto-mediated resistance. (cornell.edu)
Race 1 strains of Pst are becoming increasingly common, and no simply-inherited genetic resistance to such strains is known. (cornell.edu)
Control of E. amylovora in North America is achieved chiefly through the application of streptomycin and has led to the development of streptomycin resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Endogenous CRISPR-Cas systems act as phage resistance mechanisms however, preliminary genomic analysis suggests this activity is limited in E. amylovora. (bvsalud.org)
This suggests that while the CRISPR-Cas system is an important defense mechanism for invasive plasmids, an as yet unidentified mechanism is the primary source of phage resistance in E. amylovora. (bvsalud.org)
In North America, E. amylovora has developed streptomycin resistance and therefore alternative treatments using phages have received increased attention. (bvsalud.org)
Regulog2
Propagation of Crp regulog to Baumannia cicadellinicola str. (lbl.gov)
Propagation of GlpR regulog to Shigella flexneri 2a str. (lbl.gov)
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL1
Some strains have proven effective as biological control agents and plant-growth promoters, while other strains have been implicated in diseases of a broad range of plant hosts and humans. (biomedcentral.com)
Apple2
In Arabidopsis and apple, strains of Pst and Erwinia amylovora expressing AvrRpt2 degrade the RIN4 protein, thereby activating RPS2 or Mr5-mediated immunity, respectively. (cornell.edu)
2. Karakurt H., Aslantas R. Effects of some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains on plant growth and leaf nutrient content of apple // J. of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Res. (sgu.ru)
Mutant2
In competition experiments, growth of the avirulent hrpL mutant of Ea153 was suppressed by the antagonist mixture to a greater extent than the virulent strain. (actahort.org)
Fig. 2: Specialized metabolite production in P. laumondii mutant strains. (nature.com)
Composition1
Through this, the Eastern and Western North American clades were shown to be incompatible with the current PCR-based approaches for tracking E. amylovora given the size and composition of their CRISPR arrays. (bvsalud.org)
Ability1
Although the mixture with KPB 25 and 31 showed a slightly increased ability to reduce lesion size on immature fruits, they did not exhibit a synergistic effect in reducing E. amylovora population compared to each strain alone. (online-rpd.org)