Stool samples enterovirus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Initial nasopharyngeal specimens were available for eight children.Six were positive for rhinovirus/enterovirus by RT-PCR. (cdc.gov)
On July 18, 2022, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) notified CDC of detection of poliovirus type 2 in stool specimens from an unvaccinated immunocompetent young adult from Rockland County, New York, who was experiencing acute flaccid weakness. (cdc.gov)
Vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) was detected in stool specimens obtained on days 11 and 12 after initial symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
Specimens were tested at CDC using RT-PCR ( 3 ) and sequencing, confirming the presence of poliovirus type 2 in both stool specimens. (cdc.gov)
Conclusive diagnosis of these viruses requires electron microscopic examination of stool specimens, a laboratory technique that is available only at a few large centers, including CDC. (cdc.gov)
In 1972, in the examination of stool specimens, electron microscopy identified the Norwalk agent, the most common viral cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks among adults. (cdc.gov)
Partial EV and HPeV VP1 sequences are amplified from clinical isolates or direct specimens by RT- semi nested PCRs (RT-snPCR) using generic primers that target all human enterovirus serotypes and parechovirus genotypes to date. (canada.ca)
Sensitive, Semi-nested PCR Amplification of VP1 Sequences for Direct Identification of All Enterovirus Serotypes from Original Clinical Specimens. (canada.ca)
Experimentally spiked stool and plasma specimens provided consistent and reproducible results, and validated the usefulness of the IC for demonstrating the presence of PCR inhibitors in samples. (pasteur.fr)
Virologic evaluation consists of tests on two adequate stool specimens collected 24-48 hours apart from each AFP patient within 14 days of onset of paralysis. (who.int)
Fully active virus laboratories that maintain the appropriate cell cultures weekly and annually test 150 stool specimens of any origin for any enteric viruses are deemed to meet this criterion. (who.int)
Laboratories anticipating less than this number may collaborate with the EPI staff to develop protocols for sampling stools from healthy children in high risk areas, routinely testing specimens from meningitis cases, or other epidemiologically sound virus surveillance activities. (who.int)
Stool specimens are inoculated onto several agar media, including a nonselective medium (Sabouraud agar), mildly selective medium (MacConkey agar), and a moderately selective differential medium (Hektoen enteric agar). (medscape.com)
The researchers compared these specimens with 113 "control" samples. (franciscanhealth.org)

A combined nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab and cerebrospinal fluid sample were negative by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for enteroviruses and human parechovirus, as well as for a panel of common respiratory pathogens and encephalitic viruses by molecular methods ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
two enterovirus species (echovirus types 22 and 23) were reassigned as parechovirus. (medscape.com)
Package Enterovirus/Parechovirus samples in a separate shipping container from other samples being sent to the NML. (canada.ca)
Suspected enterovirus or parechovirus infections. (canada.ca)
If possible include clinical and travel history and any enterovirus or parechovirus lab test results completed at local or provincial laboratories. (canada.ca)
Labs that perform their own enterovirus and/or parechovirus PCR testing should submit positive samples for genotyping surveillance. (canada.ca)
Laboratory surveillance for NPEVs and HPeV is based on published protocols that take advantage of the correlation between the partial VP1 sequence and the enterovirus (EV) serotype and parechovirus genotype. (canada.ca)
The family Picornaviridae includes 12 established genera, and representatives of 5 of these have been found in humans (Enterovirus, Hepatovirus, Parechovirus, Cardiovirus, and Kobuvirus). (blogspot.com)

Coxsackievirus A16 is the most common cause, and enterovirus 71 is the second-most common cause. (wikipedia.org)
Other strains of coxsackievirus and enterovirus can also be responsible. (wikipedia.org)
There were no significant differences reported among the various genotypes of enteroviruses and the subsequent beginnings of the beta cell-damaging process, although the coxsackievirus A4 was the most common (28% of genotyped viruses). (medpagetoday.com)
most common being the coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus 71 strain. (erahalati.com)
Six cases (67%) were positive for coxsackievirus A16 and two (22%) for enterovirus. (who.int)
The causative agents of this outbreak were coxsackievirus A16 and other enteroviruses. (who.int)

CSF testing for enteroviruses, including enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), enterovirus 71, and poliovirus, by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was negative in all patients. (cdc.gov)
Single rectal swabs or stool samples from eight patients were negative for enterovirus (including poliovirus) by RT-PCR. (cdc.gov)
Vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 was isolated from the patient and identified from wastewater samples in two neighboring New York counties. (cdc.gov)
RT-PCR and sequencing of a stool specimen by the NYSDOH laboratory identified poliovirus type 2. (cdc.gov)
It begins with a humble stool sample - a thumb-sized smudge of poop - taken from a child with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), then delivered to the nearest laboratory that can test the sample specifically for poliovirus. (polioeradication.org)
An explanation of how stool samples are transported over such a distance starts with why: monitoring children under 15 years of age for signs of AFP, which is the most common sign of poliovirus infection. (polioeradication.org)
New York declared a state disaster emergency Friday after poliovirus was detected in wastewater samples from Long Island, signaling growing community spread of the virus which can cause paralytic disease. (allfactsmatter.us)
For wastewater samples to detect poliovirus across four counties, a lot of people have to be shedding the virus. (allfactsmatter.us)

We know that AFM can be caused by different viral pathogens including non-polio enteroviruses, flaviviruses, herpes viruses, and adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses are a group of single-stranded sense RNA viruses that commonly cause infections, especially in infants and children. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses belong to the Picornaviridae (small RNA viruses) family. (medscape.com)
In this study, we aimed to develop a metagenomics approach using NGS to identify and characterise viruses in stool samples from infants and children with Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) in Kuwait. (biomedcentral.com)
A metagenomics approach using NGS to characterise viruses in clinical samples was used. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results showed 71% agreement (k = 0.445, P = 0.000) between multiplex Real-Time PCR, which is used as a routine diagnostic test and metagenomics approach in the detection of viruses causing gastroenteritis in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite the difficulties in sample preparation and analysis process, we showed that metagenomics approach is a powerful and promising tool for the detection and characterisation of different viruses in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Currently, the diagnostic methods used to detect viruses in stool samples are sequence-dependent molecular amplification techniques such as PCR, which cannot identify a pool of viruses and completely new viruses in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Completed Enteroviruses and Enteric viruses requisition form. (canada.ca)
Enteroviruses are a group of viruses. (msdmanuals.com)
Enterovirus infections may be caused by different strains in this group of viruses. (msdmanuals.com)
For gastrointestinal pathogens, data on virus quantity in stool can exclude ingestion from nutritional sources of viruses that may be detected but do not replicate in the human gut. (blogspot.com)
Stool samples from patients who had negative test results for other common viruses and bacterial infections showed high AiV shedding by highly sensitive real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), thereby substantiating AiV human pathogenicity. (blogspot.com)
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a rash illness caused by viruses that belong to the Enterovirus genus (group). (virginia.gov)
These viruses are found in the nose and throat secretions (such as saliva, sputum, or mucus from the nose), fluid in blisters, and stool of infected persons. (virginia.gov)
Common causes of viral meningitis include non-polio enteroviruses (which reside in the digestive tract and are very contagious), herpes simplex type 2, varicella-zoster, HIV, and various viruses spread by mosquitoes (such as West Nile virus). (mometrix.com)
For the detection of five respiratory viruses from one sample eluate: SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus, and human Respiratory Syncytial Viruses A/B. (siemens-healthineers.com)
Additional co-infections with viruses including Epstein-Barr, herpes and enterovirus were found in about 86% of cases. (franciscanhealth.org)
The two possible culprits under surveillance are the Caudovirales order of bacteriophages and enteroviruses from the Picornavirus family of eukaryotic viruses. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Polio viruses are enteroviruses that live exclusively in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. (bund.de)

To date, related Sabin-like type 2 polioviruses have been detected in wastewater* in the patient's county of residence and in neighboring Orange County up to 25 days before (from samples originally collected for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring) and 41 days after the patient's symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
Polioviruses from non-AFP sources or supplementary surveillance activities (e.g. polioviruses from environmental samples) should also be subjected to ITD tests and should be forwarded to reference laboratories as soon as possible. (who.int)
Among those, human pathogenicity has been proven consistently only for enteroviruses (including polioviruses), hepatitis A virus, and parechoviruses. (blogspot.com)

But Dr. Gregory Storch of Washington University in St. Louis and colleagues found an outbreak of EV-D68 in their region in 2016 that they said would have been missed if they had not actively looked for it in samples from children turning up in the St. Louis Children's Hospital with respiratory symptoms. (nbc-2.com)
Another limitation cited was lack of respiratory samples. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
Many enteroviruses present as respiratory infections, and only examining stool samples may underestimate their frequency. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
Ev-D68 was found in the boy's respiratory and stool samples but not in his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which counters the supposition that the virus caused the AFP but doesn't rule it out, the authors say. (umn.edu)
Symptoms of enterovirus infections include fever, headache, respiratory illness, and sore throat and sometimes mouth sores or a rash. (msdmanuals.com)
PCR analysis of a respiratory sample from the patient showed negative results for norovirus GII, but that of the stool sample showed positive results for norovirus GII. (annchildneurol.org)
In August, clinicians and health systems in several regions of the U.S. reported an increase in children hospitalized for severe respiratory illnesses who also tested positive for rhinovirus (RV) or enterovirus (EV), the advisory stated. (allfactsmatter.us)

Clinically, enteroviruses can be divided into polio and non-polio enteroviruses owing to the different clinical patterns and outcomes. (medscape.com)
Non-polio enteroviruses commonly cause illness such as HFM, herpangina, and conjuncitivitis but can also cause more burdensome conditions, such as aseptic meningitis and myocarditis. (medscape.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported two more deaths in children who were infected with enterovirus D-68 (EV-D68), and a related CDC investigation has revealed another six unexplained polio-like illnesses in children. (umn.edu)
The non-polio AFP rate remained above 9, stool have started to go to school. (who.int)
Polio is a type C human enterovirus (HEVC). (healthfreedomohio.org)
Exposure to an enterovirus is not uncommon and in most cases, like with polio, it's a benign presence. (healthfreedomohio.org)
what they really mean is the cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) are stool testing negative for "polio" enterovirus. (healthfreedomohio.org)
It does not mean that people are no longer experiencing acute onset paralysis or that the polio enterovirus is actually gone from the environment. (healthfreedomohio.org)
One of the problems with eradicating a virus like polio is that it has a high probability to recombine with other co-circulating enterovirus strains. (healthfreedomohio.org)
The virus samples were linked genetically to a case in Rockland County, the first case of paralytic polio in the US in over ten years. (allfactsmatter.us)
Upon further testing, more of those cases tested positive for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), a non-polio enterovirus linked to uncommon neurologic complications. (allfactsmatter.us)
How is there just one confirmed case of paralytic polio in New York City and the surrounding suburbs, while other enteroviruses are making many children sick? (allfactsmatter.us)

If the diagnosis is unclear, a throat swab or stool specimen may be taken to identify the virus by culture. (wikipedia.org)
Specimen: Stool is obtained via rectal swab. (medscape.com)

About a third have tested positive for an enterovirus or rhinovirus other than EV-D68. (umn.edu)

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
There were no significant differences in islet autoantibody development if the enterovirus infection occurred less than one year prior, the authors reported in Diabetologia . (medpagetoday.com)
Honkanen explained that the time lag between the enterovirus infection and the beginning of the beta-cell damaging process was a significant finding of their research, and one not seen in previous studies. (medpagetoday.com)
No significant variations were seen between boys and girls in terms of the associations between islet autoimmunity and enterovirus infection. (medpagetoday.com)
A recent study confirms that frequent enterovirus infection may contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes in children. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
Enterovirus infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational molecular studies. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
People often refer to such illnesses as the "summer flu," although only infection with the influenza virus (which is not an enterovirus) actually causes the flu (influenza). (msdmanuals.com)
Testing of antenatal samples may help confirm or rule out a specific infection. (scot.nhs.uk)
Samples taken too early through the course of a major an infection could not have detectable levels of Varicella particular IgM. (aislesociety.com)
After an infection, the virus may continue to be present in the stool (feces) for up to 6 weeks. (bund.de)

They added that the few past studies analyzing the associations between enterovirus infections and islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes have been limited in sample size and yielded inconclusive results. (medpagetoday.com)
Detection of enteroviruses in stools precedes islet autoimmunity by several months: possible evidence for slowly operating mechanisms in virus-induced autoimmunity [published online January 9, 2017]. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)

Enterovirus infections affect many parts of the body and may be caused by any of several different viral strains. (msdmanuals.com)
Some strains of enterovirus also cause a generalized, nonitchy rash on the skin or sores inside the mouth. (msdmanuals.com)
The multiplex PCR course of was validated with a whole of 243 E. faecalis strains that included 02 ATCC strains, 109 isolates from marine samples (sediment, water and sea meals), 22 isolates from cattle fodder, 79 isolates modern water samples and 31isolates from nosocomial samples. (pharmas-eu.org)

HFMD is contracted through nose and throat secretions such as saliva, sputum, nasal mucus and as well as fluid in blisters, and stool. (wikipedia.org)
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a leading cause of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and can be associated with severe neurological complications. (pasteur.fr)
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a primary motive behind hand-foot-and-mouth sickness (HFMD) and could also be associated to excessive neurological issues. (pharmas-eu.org)
1 A case is most a human enterovirus that causes HFMD. (who.int)

The longitudinal Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study in Finland reported that the development of islet autoantibodies was associated with enterovirus infections in young children one year prior. (medpagetoday.com)
Lead author Hanna Honkanen, PhD , of the University of Tampere in Finland, and colleagues, said children with islet autoantibodies -- indicating a beta cell-damaging process that could lead to type 1 diabetes -- were more likely to have experienced enterovirus infections at least a year earlier, compared to controls without the autoantibodies (0.8 case versus 0.6 control infections per child). (medpagetoday.com)
Additionally, the authors noted that "it is evidence that most of these infections have occurred at a very young age, when children are more susceptible to enterovirus infections," reflected by the fact that their results reported the most significant associations among the youngest cohorts. (medpagetoday.com)
Children with type 1 diabetes had 3 times more enterovirus infections than children without type 1 diabetes, according to research published in Diabetologia . (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
Of children in the control group, 169 were diagnosed with enterovirus, whereas the case group had 108 infections (mean, 0.6 and 0.8, respectively). (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
In case children, enterovirus infections happened more than 12 months before autoantibodies were first identified in samples. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
Treatment of enterovirus infections is aimed at relieving symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
The body's immune defenses stop many enterovirus infections, and the result is few or no symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
To diagnose enterovirus infections, doctors examine any rashes or sores. (msdmanuals.com)
There is no treatment to cure enterovirus infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Treatment of enterovirus infections is directed at relieving symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
HPeVs are closely related to enteroviruses (named Echoviruses 22 and 23) that cause diarrhea, colds and other infections. (crimsonpublishers.com)
From 6 to 12 months of age, we will collect weekly stool samples to compare microbiome conditions in diarrhoea stools versus stools from healthy children prior to, during and after acute enteric infections, using principal-coordinate analysis and other multivariate statistical methods. (bmj.com)

There was, however, a clear seasonal pattern for enterovirus detection, with the highest diagnosis rates occurring from September through February. (medpagetoday.com)
However, metagenomics based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique is a target-independent assay that enables simultaneous detection and genomic characterisation of all microorganisms present in a sample. (biomedcentral.com)
Stool samples from an outbreak that are submitted to CDC for detection of viral pathology should be collected in bulk from 10 ill persons during their first 48 hours of illness, while feces are still liquid, and should be stored at 4 C (not frozen). (cdc.gov)
In addition, the researchers noted that, "we cannot exclude the possibility that some other non-HLA genes could influence the detection of enteroviruses. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)
A negative result may be due to PCR inhibitors present in the patient sample or the viral load in the sample is below the level of detection of the assay. (canada.ca)
Development of a New Internally Controlled One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR for the Molecular Detection of Enterovirus A71 in Africa and Madagascar. (pasteur.fr)
We validated analytical effectivity of droplet digital polymerase chain response (ddPCR) for detection of copy amount variation of SMN1 and SMN2 genes for prognosis of SMA using scientific samples. (pharmas-eu.org)

The present study uses samples taken during the clinical course in the hospital, as well as from initial diagnostic testing before admission. (nature.com)
Their initial description as Echovirus 22 and 23, further serotypes of human Enteroviruses, was based on similarities in their original clinical presentations, their enterovirus-like cytopathology on virus isolation and inferred small size based on ultrafiltration [1]. (crimsonpublishers.com)

mixed human rotavirus electropherotypes were detected in stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis in santiago, chile. (liverpool.ac.uk)

The virus incubates in bodily secretions such as nasal mucus (saliva) and stool. (erahalati.com)

Enteroviruses and parechoviruses. (medlineplus.gov)

We know that enterovirus D68 in mice can produce an illness very much like what you see in children," Tyler said. (nbc-2.com)
Acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples should be collected from the same persons, plus from an equal number of controls, during the first week of illness and 3 weeks thereafter. (cdc.gov)
Amniotic fluid / fetal blood samples can be tested but not until at least 6 weeks post acute illness, and not before 18-20 weeks gestation. (scot.nhs.uk)

Doctors may do blood tests or send samples of material taken from the throat, stool, or cerebrospinal fluid to a laboratory for culture and testing. (msdmanuals.com)

Stool virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) findings showed positivity for norovirus genogroup II (GII). (annchildneurol.org)

Myocarditis and pericarditis: Enteroviruses (e. (surgicalimpex.com)

Diagnosis relies on samples taken from the system(s) involved (see table). (scot.nhs.uk)
using 200 endo-cervical samples from pregnant women (Institute Pasteur n Cote d'Ivoire ).Diagnosis DNA sequences were amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)using biotinylated primers. (bvsalud.org)

Your provider also may take stool, blood, and saliva samples to test. (medlineplus.gov)

A direct microscopic examination of the stool may provide useful information. (medscape.com)

001) in monthly incidence temporally associated with a US outbreak of enterovirus D68 (August 2014 through January 2015) compared with periods outside this window as well as during similar seasonal periods for the preceding years (August through January 2012 and August through January 2013). (jamanetwork.com)
A novel outbreak enterovirus D68 strain associated with acute flaccid myelitis cases in the USA (2012-14). (jamanetwork.com)

1-3 mL Nasopharyngeal or throat washing, bronchial lavage/wash, tracheal aspirate, CSF or stool in a sterile screw cap container is also acceptable. (rchsd.org)

Human enteroviruses are less well-known causes of acute bronchiolitis. (scirp.org)

Routine samples are delivered to the laboratory by porter/ pod system/ via other labs. (scot.nhs.uk)
Depending on how severe the symptoms are, samples from the throat or stool might be collected and sent to a laboratory to test for the virus. (virginia.gov)

The analysis in an African laboratories network of 1889 untyped enterovirus isolates detected 15 EV-A71 of different genogroups. (pasteur.fr)

Occasionally, a throat or stool sample may be tested for the virus. (wikipedia.org)
The No. 1 suspect had been a virus called enterovirus D68, or EV-D68. (nbc-2.com)
The first application of metagenomics study in virus discovery was the analysis of virus particles in soil samples from marine sites in San Diego [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The amplicons generated from these RT-snPCRs are sequenced and the virus identity is determined by entering the sequence into a web-based automated genotyping tool for enteroviruses and noroviruses. (canada.ca)
Introducción: Actualmente los contagios por el virus del SARS-CoV-2 supera los 600 millones de casos en el mundo. (bvsalud.org)
Objetivo: Aislar y caracterizar el virus SARS-CoV-2 causante de la COVID-19 a inicios de la pandemia en el Perú. (bvsalud.org)
El aislamiento se realizó en las líneas celulares Vero ATCC CCL-81 y Vero E6, evaluando el efecto citopático, la presencia del virus por RT-PCR, inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) y posterior identificación por secuenciación genómica. (bvsalud.org)
La cepa prototipo corresponde a la variante B.1.1 y el análisis de las secuencias de los pasajes sucesivos mostró mutaciones a nivel de la proteína de la espiga (S) del virus, sin variación en la identidad del linaje. (bvsalud.org)
Infectious virus was readily isolated from samples derived from the throat or lung, but not from stool samples-in spite of high concentrations of virus RNA. (nature.com)
Blood and urine samples never yielded virus. (nature.com)
We consistently detected sequence-distinct virus populations in throat and lung samples from one patient, proving independent replication. (nature.com)
Sequence-distinct virus populations were consistently detected in throat- and lung samples of one same patient. (medrxiv.org)
Virological testing was done by two closely-collaborating laboratories using the same standards of technology for RT-PCR and virus isolation, confirming each other's results based on almost all individual samples. (medrxiv.org)

In terms of follow-up studies, Honkanen said she hopes to analyze "the mechanisms [by which] enteroviruses could cause beta-cell damage. (medpagetoday.com)
Dr Honkanen said that enteroviruses are common in children, and that other factors, such as genes, play a role in which children develop type 1 diabetes. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)

We collected oropharyngeal swab samples for testing. (who.int)

Posteriormente, uno de los aislamientos de mayor circulación fue seleccionado y denominado cepa prototipo (PE/B.1.1/28549/2020), realizándose 10 pasajes sucesivos en células Vero ATCC CCL-81 para evaluar la dinámica de mutaciones. (bvsalud.org)

We have investigated 84 stool samples from infants and children aged one month to ten years old with signs and symptoms of gastroenteritis who attended Mubarak Al-Kabeer and Al-Amiri hospitals in Kuwait from January to December 2017. (biomedcentral.com)

She added, "We should explore the possibilities to develop vaccines against diabetes-linked enterovirus types. (medpagetoday.com)

Liver, lung and kidney tissues from trapped small mammals were sampled in accordance with the recommended conditions of biosafety and bioethics. (bvsalud.org)

You can see enterovirus particles in the motor neurons. (nbc-2.com)

Routine testing of maternal or fetal samples from IUD cases is rarely helpful. (scot.nhs.uk)
Patients with acute diarrheal diseases should undergo routine stool culture. (medscape.com)

Active replication in the throat was confirmed by the presence of viral replicative RNA intermediates in the throat samples. (nature.com)

Using stool samples collected prospectively over time as part of a larger birth cohort study, the authors tested for viral nucleic acids among case and matched children. (medpagetoday.com)
Our study made this possible since it was based on a large cohort of children who were followed from birth and samples were collected already before the disease process had started. (medpagetoday.com)
The stool samples tested were collected once a month, starting at three months of age, from children participating in the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study. (medpagetoday.com)
They analyzed stool from 129 case children (1673 samples) and 282 control children (3108 samples), using reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect viral RNA, which was genotyped by sequencing. (endocrinologyadvisor.com)

Gordon C. Weir, MD , of the Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, who was not involved in the study, applauded the research findings during an interview with MedPage Today , for the ability to improve the body of evidence that enteroviruses may contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. (medpagetoday.com)

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