• The negative results for cytotoxic and antimicrobial assays indicated possible low cytotoxicity to the extract. (researchgate.net)
  • The search for targeted drugs for cancer treatment includes consideration of natural products, which may provide new opportunities for antitumor cytotoxicity as single agents or in combination therapy. (cancer.gov)
  • The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)
  • The current investigation aimed to demonstrate how interpretation of results from several standard cytotoxicity and proliferation assays vary in dependence on contributions from the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). (cdc.gov)
  • Non-tumorigenic Beas-2B cells were treated with graded concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) for 24 and 48h prior to cytotoxicity and proliferation assessment with commonly used MTT, MTS, WST1, and Alamar Blue assays. (cdc.gov)
  • NK cells are specialized effectors of the innate immune system that destroy their targets by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, have prominent antitumor effects, and are potent killers of virally infected cells. (medscape.com)
  • Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Moreover, the algorithm was able to distinguish cytotoxic vs. cytostatic drug effects and drug-resistant clones that will give rise to later relapse. (technologynetworks.com)
  • N. A. A. Ali, W. D. Julich, C. Kusnick and U. Lindequist, "Screening of Yemeni Medicinal Plants for Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities," Journal of Ethnopharmaco- logy, Vol. 74, No. 2, 2001, pp. 173-179. (scirp.org)
  • Additionally, the algorithm was able to distinguish between cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of drugs and drug-resistant clones that will cause subsequent relapse. (genericviabuy.com)
  • The cytotoxic effects of the plant extracts were determined using tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) cell proliferation assay against MCF-7, human colorectal carcinoma cells (Caco-2), A549 and HeLa cancerous cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a mouse model of ependymoma-a chemoresistant brain tumor-we combined multicell high-throughput screening (HTS), kinome-wide binding assays, and in vivo efficacy studies, to identify potential treatments with predicted toxicity against neural stem cells (NSC). (nih.gov)
  • On the basis of the above results 7 herbs were further screened in order to test their efficacy against targeted mycotoxins: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Tinospora cordifolia, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica, Silybum marianum, Withania somnifera. (europa.eu)
  • A cholesterol-tethered platinum ii-based supramolecular nanoparticle increases antitumor efficacy and reduces nephrotoxicity. (cetbwh.org)
  • As documented in a recent publication in Stem Cell Reports , their MOS can be used as patient avatars for studies involving direct viral infection, immune cell penetration and high-throughput therapeutic drug screening, something that is not obtainable with conventional patient-derived models. (technologynetworks.com)
  • In this case, phenotypic screening relies on an appropriate tissueor cell-based assay that can be miniaturized and used in combination with high throughput tools. (docksci.com)
  • Within natural diffusion limit of vascularized tissue, tumor-derived MOS allowed sufficient penetration by therapeutic immune T-cells such as CAR-T, enabling a novel T cell potency assay to assess tumor killing by the engineered T-cells. (technologynetworks.com)
  • FDA approved drugs not currently used to treat ependymoma were also identified that posses selective toxicity against ependymoma cells relative to normal NSCs both in vitro and in vivo, e.g., 5-fluorouracil. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast to results with 2D culture, observed mitotic arrest was relatively low, suggesting involvement of additional mechanisms in their antitumor effect in vivo . (nature.com)
  • Analysis of mitosis and antimitotic drug responses in tumors by in vivo microscopy and single-cell pharmacodynamics. (nature.com)
  • Single-cell and subcellular pharmacokinetic imaging allows insight into drug action in vivo . (nature.com)
  • Screening in vivo may be feasible, if a good starting point for Medicinal Chemistry and a clear strategy for differentiation exist. (docksci.com)
  • 2012). However, many drug discovery efforts rely on screening to identify starting points for Medicinal Chemistry, and screening in vivo in most cases is not commercially or ethically viable. (docksci.com)
  • Predicting clinical response to anticancer drugs using an ex vivo platform that captures tumour heterogeneity. (cetbwh.org)
  • Figure 5: Pharmacodynamics of antimitotic drugs in the HT-1080 xenograft system. (nature.com)
  • Reciprocal editing of cells generally produced reciprocal effects on tumorgenicity in xenograft assays. (nature.com)
  • In oncology, mouse xenograft models, based on a patient's tumor cells, have been used to select between drugs (Wu et al. (docksci.com)
  • Human-derived hepatic cell lines are a valuable alternative to primary hepatocytes for drug metabolism, transport and toxicity studies. (cancerindex.org)
  • Some Mek inhibitors showed promising antitumor activity, although schedules and doses associated with low systemic toxicity need to be defined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, several clinical trials are currently ongoing using MEK inhibitors in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs (including dacarbazine or paclitaxel). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the future, it may become possible to produce tumor spheroids from tissue samples of oral cancer patients, and then apply them to drug screening and to develop individualized diagnostic and treatment methods. (medsci.org)
  • Promising examples include anti-microbial assays, cell proliferation, platelet aggregation, and insulin release from pancreatic β-cells. (docksci.com)
  • Cancer research has been conducted using cultured cells as part of drug discovery testing, but conventional two-dimensional culture methods are unable to reflect the complex tumor microenvironment. (medsci.org)
  • Figure 6: Antimitotic drugs induce different mitotic and interphase phenotypes. (nature.com)
  • When loaded with immune complexes (IC), consisting of tumor antigens bound to antitumor antibody, BMDC induce powerful antitumor immunity in mice. (stanford.edu)
  • To confirm this popular use, ethanol extract from leaves of G. globosa L. was prepared by maceration and analyzed by some phytochemical and biological assays, including cardiovascular activity. (researchgate.net)
  • Its drug release characteristics perform well in photothermal therapy, indicating that black phosphorus nano drugs can improve the biological safety and applicability of drugs in new tumor targeted therapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a branch of a functional network that is involved in a broad range of biological systems including stem cells, embryonic development and adult organs. (chemdiv.com)
  • The limited throughput of phenotypic assays compared to most target-based assays necessitates smaller libraries that are optimized with regard to biological and chemical diversity. (docksci.com)
  • The rationale of these traditional uses in African traditional medicine was established by screening several species for biological activities. (scialert.net)
  • Drug discontinuation and therapy reconciliation remain the mainstay in patent's management to minimize occurrence of acute liver failure. (wjgnet.com)
  • Tetrazolium reduction and resazurin assays are the mainstay of routine in vitro toxicity batteries. (cdc.gov)
  • Their current application in oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment by improving the antitumor activity of several chemotherapeutic agents. (mdpi.com)
  • We applied our workflow to quantify cell-cycle effects of three antimitotic cancer drugs over 8 d in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma xenografts in living mice using a data set of 38,000 cells and compared the induced phenotypes. (nature.com)
  • Extracts were assayed for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion and micro plate dilution assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay and rhodamine 6G intake assay were used to ascertain the antibacterial activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microvesicle removal of anticancer drugs contributes to drug resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • H3.3 mutant gliomas are also particularly sensitive to NOTCH pathway gene knockdown and drug inhibition, reducing their viability in culture. (nature.com)
  • Methanol extract from W. salutaris and ethyl acetate extract from C. dentata revealed 53% inhibition of R6G inside the cell against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively in a cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase assay, suggesting that the mode of action of such extracts may be through efflux pump. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, the most active analogs proved to act as an in vitro substrate of type I nitroreductase rather than the cruzain, enzymes commonly investigated in molecular target studies of CD drug discovery. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, it is now accepted that cancers can arise from and be maintained by the cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells (TIC), commonly expanded in vitro as tumorspheres from several solid tumors, including melanoma (melanospheres). (biomedcentral.com)
  • If ER stress is a significant factor that affects the disease development, it would be important to find a drug that alters these mechanisms and UPR. (helsinki.fi)
  • Besides, recent efforts have focused on developing targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer, including drugs that target specific molecular alterations like the KRAS oncogene, which is frequently mutated in pancreatic cancer ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Discover novel approaches to delivery and screening with case studies on applications in oncology and rare diseases to demonstrate the enormous potential of cell and gene therapies. (smgconferences.com)
  • Stem Cell Rep . 2022;0(0). (technologynetworks.com)
  • Figure 4: Quantitative analysis of drug response to paclitaxel treatment at a single-cell level. (nature.com)
  • Cisplatin showed concentration-dependent antitumor effects due to loss of cell adhesion and spheroid disruption in each cell line, while cetuximab exhibited antitumor effects that correlated with EGFR expression in each cell line. (medsci.org)
  • A technique in which electric pulses, in kilovolts per centimeter and of microsecond-to-millisecond duration, cause a loss of the semipermeability of CELL MEMBRANES, thus leading to ion leakage, escape of metabolites, and increased uptake by cells of drugs, molecular probes, and DNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • As part of SAE Media Group's leading series of drug discovery conferences, this year's event will not only bring you the key insights you need to develop your cell and gene therapy pipeline by benchmarking against the latest case studies, but it will also give you the opportunity to network with key players throughout the industry. (smgconferences.com)
  • A large number of potential drug targets have been cloned and functionally expressed, and enormous progress has been made in the development, miniaturization and automation of cell based assays on target molecules recombinantly expressed in mammalian cell lines. (docksci.com)
  • Role of PDL-1 in NSCLC chemoresistance was assessed using CRISPR/Cas9 knockdown and various functional assays including MTT, cell invasion, sphere formation, and cell apoptosis. (cdc.gov)
  • RESULTS: We demonstrated that chemotherapy-stimulated CAFs promoted tumorigenic and stem cell-like properties of NSCLC cells, which contribute to their chemoresistance. (cdc.gov)
  • Silencing PDL-1 expression suppressed CAFs' ability to promote stem cell-like properties and invasiveness of lung cancer cells, favoring chemoresistance. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSION: Our results show that PDL-1-positive CAFs modulate stem cell-like properties of NSCLC cells by secreting elevated HGF, thereby promoting chemoresistance. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, common targeted therapeutic drug formulations have weak stability in malignant tumor leukemia, and their application effects are limited. (frontiersin.org)
  • Regardless of the therapeutic approach, the heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer cells and the complexity of its tumor microenvironment contribute to the emergence of drug resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our finding supports PDL-1 in CAFs as a chemotherapy response biomarker and as a drug delivery and therapeutic target for chemoresistant NSCLC. (cdc.gov)
  • Compounds of interest include not only classical "drug-like" organic small molecules, but also peptides, proteins, and other bioactive chemical classes. (cancer.gov)
  • This library represents a selection of drug-like compounds aimed at modulating protein-protein interaction (PPI) of β-catenin with different proteins involved in significant physiological processes. (chemdiv.com)
  • The two drugs used in the treatment schedules exhibit adverse effects and severe toxicity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Its low toxicity, high efficiency, and controllable drug release advantages make it have good application effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Drug delivery systems seem to be a new method for improving drug targeting and release into cells, bringing new opportunities for improving drug efficiency and avoiding potential side effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Library has been assembled using in house structural biology insight, molecular stimulation-modeling, virtual screening of ChemDiv's novel chemistries and medicinal chemistry filtering/ranking of the resulting hits. (chemdiv.com)
  • The Molecular Targets Program (MTP) provides the focus and infrastructure that enables CCR investigators to pursue molecularly targeted drug discovery research by promoting an interdisciplinary, collaborative, team-oriented approach to identifying and validating potential cancer-pertinent targets. (cancer.gov)
  • Since the advent of molecular cloning, target based screening has become the norm in pharmaceutical drug discovery. (docksci.com)
  • Most of these drugs interact relatively weakly with a number of targets, and the complete profile of their molecular interactions is not well-known. (docksci.com)
  • The perspective by Dr. Swinney analyzes the phenotypic end points used in the discovery of new molecular entities that have resulted from phenotypic drug discovery efforts. (docksci.com)
  • Target based screening is likely to provide very good drug candidates for monogenic diseases, and the following collection of manuscripts is not meant to discourage the use of target based approaches. (docksci.com)
  • Here, target agnostic approaches using phenotypic assays may offer significant benefit. (docksci.com)
  • Viswanathan and colleagues reviewed the recent progress in the culture of hPSCs with emphasis on the importance of the environment surrounding these cells and high content analysis approaches for assay development. (docksci.com)
  • MOS could be further integrated with deep-learning imaging analysis for rapid drug testing of small and heterogeneous clinical tumor biopsies. (technologynetworks.com)
  • MOS can be further integrated with deep learning image analysis for rapid drug testing of clinical biopsies of small and heterogeneous tumors. (genericviabuy.com)
  • The second section will address novel agents associated with liver injury in 2014 (referred to as "signals"), especially in terms of clinical, research and drug development implications. (wjgnet.com)
  • This approach has delivered many clinical candidates but relatively few new drugs. (docksci.com)
  • In 2D culture, all cells can proliferate at a relatively constant rate in a planar space, and can be provided uniform access to nutrients, oxygen or drugs. (medsci.org)
  • The two-dimensional nano drug carrier has high safety and effectiveness in drug delivery, and its targeted treatment effect on acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells is obvious. (frontiersin.org)
  • It causes malignant proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, resulting in the production of cancerous cells that lack normal physiological functions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Targeted therapy uses targeted drugs to maintain a high concentration of the drug in the tumor area, improving the killing efficiency of cancer cells while avoiding damage to other normal cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • In order to limit the reliance on non-predictive animal models, screening strategies utilizing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are increasingly considered as resources for drug discovery. (docksci.com)
  • Suppression of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Growth by the RUNX1 Transcription Factor. (umassmed.edu)
  • Additional screens for MMTV provirus entry sites in tumors revealed several other upregulated genes that are associated with other gene development pathways such as INT2, INT3, and INT4 [4,5,6]. (chemdiv.com)
  • Dr. Shen and his team continue to refine and improve upon the MOS technology and to spotlight its versatility, not only as a physiological model for screening potential personalized treatments, but for disease studies and a variety of other applications as well," said Ali Khademhosseini, Ph.D., TIBI's Director and CEO. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Dr. Shen and his team continue to refine and improve the MOS technology and demonstrate its versatility, not only as a physiological model for screening potential personalized treatments, but also for disease studies and a variety of applications of others," said Ali. (genericviabuy.com)
  • Therefore, a rationale for treating hypertension would be to administer drugs or natural compounds which selectively inhibit ACE. (scielo.br)
  • Dr. Shen's team was able to create a MOS atlas of human respiratory and digestive tissues from patient autopsies and infect them with SARS-COV-2 viruses, followed by drug screening to identify drugs that block viral infection and replication within those tissues. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The team of Dr. Shen was able to create a MOS atlas of human respiratory and digestive tissues from patient autopsies and infect them with SARS-COV-2 viruses, followed by drug screening to identify drugs that block viral infection and replication within those tissues. (genericviabuy.com)
  • Prior to the 1980s, most drugs were discovered using phenotypic assays in live animals or isolated tissues (Swinney, 2013). (docksci.com)
  • issues that often frustrate the present target based drug discovery programs. (docksci.com)
  • In the early phases of drug discovery, phenotypic assays can be used to further our knowledge of the disease process and to identify those end points that are most likely to translate to the clinic. (docksci.com)
  • Development of a facile antibody-drug conjugate platform for increased stability and homogeneity. (cetbwh.org)
  • Experimental analysis was also conducted on the characterization ability, drug release, and targeted therapy of nanomedicine. (frontiersin.org)
  • The development of bioinformatics technology has enabled nanomedicine to play a significant role in drug delivery systems. (frontiersin.org)
  • Characterisation of ER stress in PD models may be important for the current and future drug development of PD. (helsinki.fi)
  • Carbamazepine is a drug of choice for the treatment of partial and tonic-clonic seizures. (researchgate.net)