Sperm cells gene transfer techniques. Medical search. Frequent questions

These results demonstrate that attP site can be used as a proper location to conduct site directed transgenesis in both mammalian cells and embryos in phiC31 integrase system when even combinaed to SCNT and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) method. (ac.ir)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI / ˈ ɪ k s i / IK -see ) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg . (wikipedia.org)
Schematic image of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the context of IVF . (wikipedia.org)
Since TFC opened its doors more than 40 years ago, we have helped our patients deliver 23,000 miracles through IVF, IUI, egg donation, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and reconstructive fertility surgery. (roundrockfertility.com)
Her male partner will provide a sperm sample, and the eggs and sperm will either be incubated together to achieve fertilization or each egg will be injected with a single sperm in a procedure called Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
Via another procedure called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a single sperm cell can be injected directly into an egg. (andrologyawareness.eu)
This study aimed to determine the effect of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) on the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in couples with unexplained infertility. (ecerm.org)
Non-male factor infertility couples with SDF ≥30% have shown lower rates of normal cleavage speed, high-quality embryos at day 3, blastocyst development, blastocyst quality, and implantation in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles [ 7 ]. (ecerm.org)
After intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 48 embryos were evaluated on day 3 of their development, according to their cell number. (who.int)

The aim of this Challenge was to generate an approach that improves the implantation rates of early stage embryos when combined with extended in vitro culture and non-surgical embryo transfer techniques. (nc3rs.org.uk)
The team at University of Leeds led by Dr Virginia Pensabene has developed a novel and reliable microfluidic device that improves the developmental competence of in vitro -derived mouse embryos to allow the use of non-surgical embryo transfer (NSET) in the generation of transgenic mice. (nc3rs.org.uk)
The team at University of Leeds led by Dr Virginia Pensabene has developed a novel and reliable microfluidic device that improves the developmental competence of in vitro -derived mouse embryos and their implantation potential, enabling the use of non-surgical embryo transfer (NSET) in the generation of transgenic mice. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Effects of Uterine Cells-Conditioned Media on Expression of DNMT3B and DNMT3C in Mouse Embryos Cultured in a Microfluidic Device. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Sponsored by MRC Harwell, the EASE Challenge aims to generate an approach that improves the implantation rates of early stage embryos when combined with extended in vitro culture and non-surgical embryo transfer techniques. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Intentional Human GE would of course be done in the lab, using very early embryos and IVF techniques, not the germ cells of adults. (wordsontheweb.com)
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the application of phiC31 integrase system was evaluated for generating transgenic bovine embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and sperm mediated gene transfer (SMGT) approaches. (ac.ir)
Conclusion: The results showed that both SMGT and SCNT-derived embryos were enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) positive and phiC31 integrase could recombine the reporter gene in a site specific manner. (ac.ir)
When fertilized with sperm, the new oocytes developed into viable embryos. (salk.edu)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a cutting-edge genetic screening technique used in reproductive medicine to detect genetic abnormalities and select embryos with desired traits. (geneticscienceservices.com)
By utilizing techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), they are able to identify potential genetic anomalies or chromosomal imbalances within the embryo at an early stage of development, allowing couples to make informed decisions about which embryos to select for implantation. (geneticscienceservices.com)
This helps ensure that only healthy and genetically normal embryos are chosen for transfer, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of miscarriage or genetic diseases in offspring. (geneticscienceservices.com)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a scientific technique used in the field of reproductive medicine to detect genetic abnormalities in embryos before they are implanted into the uterus. (geneticscienceservices.com)
This enables them to identify which embryos do not carry the faulty gene, thus reducing the risk of passing on cystic fibrosis to their future child. (geneticscienceservices.com)
Biologists use GFP to study cells in embryos and fetuses during developmental processes. (asu.edu)
These embryos were made in the lab with sperm carrying a genetic mutation known to cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (vox.com)
One of its most exciting, taboo, and controversial applications is tweaking the genes of eggs, sperm, or early embryos to alter a human life. (vox.com)
It cut the mutant gene sequence, prompted the embryos to repair the DNA with healthy copies of the gene, and eliminated the disease-causing mutation altogether from many of the embryos. (vox.com)
Mitalipov and colleagues created embryos in the lab with sperm from a carrier of the disease-causing mutation in the MYBPC3 gene, and eggs from 12 healthy donors. (vox.com)
As the embryos developed, they found that after CRISPR/Cas9 cut the sequence in the embryo DNA with the problematic gene. (vox.com)
In most cases the embryos repaired the breaks with a healthy copy of the gene from the maternal donor. (vox.com)
Another, slight different round of the experiment yielded 42 out of 58 embryos with mutation-free copies of the gene. (vox.com)
And when they find embryos with mutations linked to disease, they often discard them, which can leave patients with few healthy embryos to try to transfer into the womb. (vox.com)
The researchers say that in the future, their technique could be used with PGD to help fix the mutations in embryos that otherwise would be discarded, giving women and couples more embryos to transfer and a better chance of getting pregnant. (vox.com)
We're not ready for gene editing in embryos that would be implanted for pregnancy anytime soon. (vox.com)
This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. (wikipedia.org)
If all requirements for round spermatid selection and injection are successfully met, the injected oocytes develop to early embryos and can be transferred to the mother's uterus to produce pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
For some patients, the need to transfer genetically normal embryos is paramount. (roundrockfertility.com)
To help achieve this, preimplantation genetic screening (PGS), also known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), is an option to test embryos prior to transfer. (roundrockfertility.com)
Couples in which one or both are carriers of diseases such as cystic fibrosis, Huntington's disease, sickle cell disease, muscular dystrophy, polycystic kidney, Tay-Sachs, and hemophilia may opt to test embryos prior to transfer to determine if they are positive for the disease. (roundrockfertility.com)
By day 5 after transfer, the results are received from the lab and a decision can be made about how many embryos are approved for transfer. (roundrockfertility.com)
Moreover, most early-stage embryos that are produced naturally (that is, through the union of egg and sperm resulting from sexual intercourse) fail to implant and are therefore wasted or destroyed. (wikiquote.org)
Sometimes the process of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer still produces abnormal embryos, most of which die. (wptv.com)
For couples who undergo IVF, we identify embryos with numeric chromosome abnormalities prior to embryo transfer and establishment of pregnancy. (massgeneral.org)
Using your egg and sperm, embryos are created and cultured in our onsite embryology laboratory. (massgeneral.org)
Only embryos shown to be free of the disease under consideration or free of structural and numeric chromosome abnormalities are subsequently transferred to the woman's uterus. (massgeneral.org)
True cloning performed by nuclear transfer from an adult and differentiated somatic cell to a previously enucleated egg (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT), gives rise to a new cell, the nuclovulo (nucleus+ovum), distinct from the zygote because the sperm is not involved in its creation, while both can develop as embryos and give rise to offspring. (sibi.org)
The efﬁciency of cloning, deﬁned as the proportion of transferred embryos that result in viable offspring, is approximately 2 to 3% for all species. (sibi.org)
Most human embryos reproduced by most human cloning techniques would actually be genetically unique -- i.e., having never existed before. (lifeissues.net)
The National Wildlife Genetic Resource Bank (NWGRB), a state-of-the-art facility housed at the Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES) , Hyderabad, has embarked on the long-term storage of tissues, primary cells, sperm, eggs, embryos and genetic material (DNA/RNA) of as many wild animal species as possible for both research and conservation breeding. (mongabay.com)
These embryos are then transferred to suitable females. (mongabay.com)
Primary cells can be used as nuclear donors to produce cloned embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer. (mongabay.com)
These embryos are finally transferred to suitable females of the same or closely related species of the donor cell," he said. (mongabay.com)
Animals (or embryos) composed of cells of different genetic origin. (nationalacademies.org)
Cell lines derived from early embryos that have the potential to differentiate into all types of somatic cells as well as to form germ line cells, and hence whole animals, when injected into early embryos. (nationalacademies.org)
By this time, the embryos should have between 6 and 8 cells, called blastomeres, and a micromanipulation procedure called embryo biopsy is done. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
The scientists of the BioRescue consortium have already produced northern white rhino embryos by in vitro fertilisation of oocytes with sperm. (izw-berlin.de)
Research using human embryos (whether created by in vitro fertilisation or by cell nuclear replacement) to increase understanding about human disease and disorders and their cell based treatments should be permitted, subject to the controls in Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990. (cmq.org.uk)
Recommendation 2: In licensing any research using embryos created by cell nuclear replacement, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority should satisfy itself that there are no other means of meeting the objectives of the research. (cmq.org.uk)
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is a technique used to identify chromosomal genetic abnormalities in embryos created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) before pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Because only unaffected embryos are transferred to the uterus for implantation, PGT is the only method available for screening embryos before pregnancy and provides an alternative to current post conception diagnostic procedures (ie, amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling), which are frequently followed by the difficult decision of determining the pregnancy's disposition. (medscape.com)
Only healthy and normal embryos are transferred into the mother's uterus, thus diminishing invasive prenatal diagnoses, late pregnancy termination, or the birth of a child with a serious genetic disease. (medscape.com)
Day 2 and day 3 CM corresponding to each one of the embryos was analyzed, by quantitative PCR, for estimation of Cell-free DNA levels. (who.int)

In terms of insemination, ICSI needs only one sperm cell per oocyte , while IVF needs 50,000-100,000. (wikipedia.org)
This condition is called non-obstructive or secretory azoospermia, as opposed to obstructive azoospermia, in which complete sperm production does occur in the testicles, and potentially fertilizing spermatozoa can be obtained by testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and used for ICSI. (wikipedia.org)
Even though many technical aspects of ROSI are similar to those of ICSI, there are also significant differences between both techniques. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, the distinction between living round spermatids, to be used in ROSI, and dead round spermatids, to be discarded, needs specific methods and skills, not required in the case of ICSI where sperm cell viability can be easily evaluated on the basis of sperm motility in most cases. (wikipedia.org)

They used the molecular biology technique known as CRISPR-Cas9 that functions as a "genetic scissors", removing and inserting segments of DNA. (mpg.de)
CRISPR/Cas9 is a gene editing technology that's revolutionizing science at a breathtaking pace. (vox.com)
But this is a big advance because the researchers got stronger results than anyone who has ever tried to target disease-causing genes with CRISPR-Cas9 before. (vox.com)
Scientists hope CRISPR-Cas9 may help rewrite flawed genes in people, opening tremendous new possibilities for treating diseases. (invivomagazine.com)
Jennifer Doudna, the Berkeley biochemist who codiscovered the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology, told Vision in 2016: "We are not going to do anything overnight. (vision.org)
In the present study, we tested TALEN and double-nicking CRISPR/Cas9 on GS cells, targeting Rosa26 and Stra8 loci as representative genes dispensable and indispensable in spermatogenesis, respectively. (cyberleninka.org)
Harvested GS cell colonies showed a high targeting efficiency with both TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9. (cyberleninka.org)
TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9, when applied in GS cells, will be valuable tools in the study of spermatogenesis and for revealing the genetic mechanism of spermatogenic failure. (cyberleninka.org)

I-SceI) to cut chromosomes for genetic engineering of mammalian cells, where non-homologous recombination is more common than in yeast. (oldfield.info)
Mitochondria in mammalian sperm are usually destroyed by the egg cell after fertilization. (dadamo.com)
Twenty years have passed since Dolly the sheep was born by cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT) but the results of non-human mammalian cloning are very poor, and cause animal diseases and huge biological losses. (sibi.org)
I believe that the reprogramming errors are not the only cause of these low rates of cloning: the mammalian SCNT fails with a very high frequency mainly due to the damage that the technique itself inflicts in the egg and the somatic nucleus, and the very few successful cases occur only when the damage is not significant. (sibi.org)
SSCs are adult-tissue stem cells in the mammalian testis that balance self renewing and differentiating fate decisions to give rise to and sustain the entire spermatogenic lineage. (utsa.edu)
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are pivotal for maintaining the lifelong sperm production of mammalian males. (cyberleninka.org)

The method for SMGT uses the sperm cell, a natural vector of genetic material, to transport exogenous DNA. (wikipedia.org)
It turns out that most of the genes are inactivated through DNA methylation that attaches hydrocarbon molecules to the genetic material. (mpg.de)
In a study published today in the journal Cell Stem Cell , researchers discovered it's possible to regenerate human eggs or oocytes-the cellular beginning of an embryo-by making use of genetic material that normally goes to waste. (salk.edu)
This DNA comes from small cells called polar bodies that form off of eggs and contain the same genetic material as in a woman's egg nucleus. (salk.edu)
Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses. (oldfield.info)
These germ cells are the only ones in the body that have their genetic material all jumbled up and in half the quantity of every other kind of cell. (wptv.com)
When the one-cell embryo duplicates its genetic material, both cells of the now two-cell embryo are genetically identical. (wptv.com)
When they in turn duplicate their genetic material, each cell at the four-cell stage is genetically identical. (wptv.com)
In this process, researchers remove the genetic material from an egg and replace it with the nucleus of some other body cell. (wptv.com)
instead of half the genetic material coming from a sperm and half from an egg, it all comes from a single cell. (wptv.com)
By 1930, McClintock was working as a researcher at Cornell and was making breakthroughs in the understanding and visualization of meiosis, the process where reproductive cells divide their genetic material in half to produce sperm and egg cells. (utoronto.ca)
Using the techniques she established to visualize chromosomes, McClintock discovered that large portions of genetic material could move around in the genome and cause other genes to turn on and off, a phenomenon known as transposition. (utoronto.ca)
Lytic cycle - the replication process in viruses in which the virus's genetic material uses the copying machinery of the host cell to make new viruses. (edrawmind.com)
Replication - the fundamental process of all cells, in which the genetic material is copied before the cell reproduces. (edrawmind.com)
This demonstrates that the researchers were successful in isolating nuclear genetic material from mitochondrial genetic material during the transfer process. (scienceblog.com)
In the now-famous "Dolly" experiments, cells from a sheep (donor cells) were fused with unfertilized sheep eggs from another sheep (recipient cells) from which the natural genetic material was removed by microsurgery. (msdmanuals.com)
Then the genetic material from the donor cells was transferred into the unfertilized eggs. (msdmanuals.com)
Unlike eggs fertilized naturally (with sperm), the laboratory-made eggs received genetic material from only one source. (msdmanuals.com)

Somatic' comes from the Greek for 'body' and may be used to contrast either with the psyche or with the germ cells, depending on context. (wordsontheweb.com)
However, because gene transfer is not an exact science, some kinds of intervention that are meant to be somatic may also, by mistake, affect the germ cells. (wordsontheweb.com)
The objective of this study was to identify the PDE10A isoforms expressed in the testis and germ cells, and to determine the presence and localization of PDE10A in mature spermatozoa. (plos.org)
So, there is supposed to be a Weismann's barrier forbidding environmental influences from changing the genes directly, especially in the germ cells that give rise to the next generation. (i-sis.org.uk)
In its race to advance assisted reproduction and stem cell associated technologies to save the northern white rhinoceros from extinction, the BioRescue consortium announces a major breakthrough: the creation of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLSs) from induced pluripotent stem cells of the northern white rhino Nabire. (izw-berlin.de)
With stem cell associated techniques (SCAT) the BioRescue scientists aim to overcome this bottleneck: By using stored and preserved tissue of rhino skin it should be possible in principle to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPCSs), primordial germ cells and finally artificial gametes. (izw-berlin.de)
According to their most recent paper published in the journal "Science Advances", the team has now successfully cultivated primordial germ cells (PGCs) - the precursors of eggs and sperm - from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (izw-berlin.de)
In sexually reproducing organisms such as humans, rhinos or mice, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic precursors of sperm and eggs that pass on genetic and epigenetic information from one generation to the next. (izw-berlin.de)
The scientists relied on knowledge from the mouse model: In 2016, Katsuhiko Hayashi and his team managed to create primordial germ cell-like cells and finally germ cells from mice that were fertilised in the lab and resulted in healthy offspring being born. (izw-berlin.de)
Received 12 February 2009 of chemicals on germ cell mutagenicity. (cdc.gov)
Prior to the clas- sification work, the technical guidance for classification of germ cell mutagens was prepared. (cdc.gov)

Each cell (except for red blood cells) contains a nucleus that houses these chromosomes. (cdc.gov)
7. "[footnote 16]: The cloning procedure supplies the oocyte with a complete set of chromosomes, all of which are contained in the nucleus which is transferred into the denucleated oocyte. (lifeissues.net)
However many proteins found in the mitochondria are encoded by nuclear DNA: some, if not most, are thought to have been originally part of the mitochondrial DNA but have since been transferred to the nucleus during evolution. (dadamo.com)
Prior to SCNT, the somatic cell (differentiated) must be reprogramed to a similar state of a pluripotent embryonic cell (undifferentiated) before the nucleus is extracted and transferred. (sibi.org)
In this process, the nucleus from one of the mother's cells is transferred into a third-party donor's egg, which has its own nucleus removed. (inverse.com)
Because the nucleus includes the vast majority of the DNA present in the cell, this process means that the genes in that new egg come mostly from the mother, not the donor. (inverse.com)
However, a small percentage of genes in that DNA dwells outside the nucleus in organelles called mitochondria. (inverse.com)
An egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed mechanically. (nationalacademies.org)
Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus or center of a cell that contain all of our genes. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
a smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus. (edrawmind.com)
It was clear that a definitive experiment required the replacement of a zygote nucleus by a somatic cell nucleus, asking whether the somatic nucleus could functionally replace the zygote nucleus by eliciting normal development of the enucleated recipient egg ( Fig. 1 )? (biologists.com)
Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1952 ) had already succeeded in transplanting a blastula cell nucleus into an enucleated egg and obtaining normal tadpoles in the frog Rana pipiens . (biologists.com)
However, Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1957 ) had also found that the nucleus of an endoderm cell from a neurula embryo could no longer support normal development ( Fig. 2 ). (biologists.com)

In a mother carrying such mutations, one technique that is used to reduce the chances of disease transmission is spindle-chromosomal complex transfer (SCCT), in which the nuclear chromosomes are removed from an unfertilized egg while they are arranged along a structure called the spindle complex, and transferred to a donor egg cell that has healthy mitochondria. (eurekalert.org)
Even advanced donor cells from the endoderm of Xenopus tadpoles have nuclei that can sometimes yield normal individuals after nuclear transfer [data taken from Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1957 ) for Rana and from Gurdon ( Gurdon, 1962 ) for Xenopus ]. (biologists.com)
Female Fatu is the only donor of natural oocytes left and frozen sperm is available to the program from only four males - and some of these males are closely related to Fatu. (izw-berlin.de)
One should opt for a CGT test before an assisted reproductive treatment like IVF , etc or before planning a baby with donor sperm or eggs or before attempting pregnancy by natural means. (ferrtia.com)
As expected, Dolly was an exact genetic copy of the original sheep from which the donor cells were taken, not of the sheep that provided the eggs. (msdmanuals.com)

Now there is one last step to master for the production of artificial rhino gametes (eggs and sperm) from preserved tissue. (izw-berlin.de)
They went on to master the art of in vitro ("in glass") fertilization, or IVF, by manipulating eggs and sperm outside the body. (vision.org)

What are chromosomes and genes? (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
Unlike unfertilized eggs, these laboratory-made eggs had a complete set of chromosomes and genes. (msdmanuals.com)

image: Maximal residue removal of mitochondria in spindle transfer. (eurekalert.org)
Mitochondria, the cell's major center for energy production, have their own DNA that encodes several dozen essential genes. (eurekalert.org)
These diseases are transmitted only via the mother, because all of an embryo's mitochondria come from the egg, not the sperm. (eurekalert.org)
2023) Significant decrease of maternal mitochondria carryover using optimized spindle-chromosomal complex transfer. (eurekalert.org)
In addition to potentially benefitting women of advanced maternal age, the technique may present another opportunity to help women known to have mutations in their mitochondria, the tiny powerhouses inside nearly every cell of the body. (salk.edu)
Unlike most of the cell, the function of which is defined by nuclear DNA, mitochondria have their own DNA and are assumed to have evolved separately. (dadamo.com)
The existence of separate mitochondrial DNA suggests that, at one point, mitochondria were separate entities from their current host cells. (dadamo.com)
In 1999 it was reported that paternal sperm mitochondria (containing mtDNA) are marked with ubiquitin to select them for later destruction inside the embryo (Sutovsky et. (dadamo.com)
Mitochondria were acquired when aerobic Eubacteria were engulfed by anaerobic host cells. (tripod.com)
Specifically, the therapy would combat inherited diseases passed on from mothers to their children through mutated DNA in cell mitochondria. (scienceblog.com)
Mitochondria are structures that are found in all cells that provide energy for cell growth and metabolism, which is why they are often called the cell's "power plant. (scienceblog.com)
When an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell during reproduction, the embryo almost exclusively inherits the maternal mitochondria present in the egg. (scienceblog.com)
The method developed by OHSU researchers transfers the mother's chromosomes to a donated egg that has had its chromosomes removed, but which has healthy mitochondria, thereby preventing the disease from being passed on to one's offspring. (scienceblog.com)
Wild yeast strains, for example, work in completely different ways than traditional brewer's yeast, from the temperatures at which their mitochondria undergo fermentation to the ways their cells stick together-determining whether the yeast will rise to the surface or sink to the bottom during fermentation. (futurity.org)

By rescuing polar bodies that would otherwise simply bud off the developing oocyte, researchers were able to form additional oocytes genetically related to the mother through nuclear transfer. (salk.edu)
In those men in whom spermatogenesis is blocked at the stage of round spermatids, in which meiosis has already been completed, these round cells can successfully fertilize oocytes after being injected into their cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
Crucial to embryo production is the availability of oocytes (egg cells) and sperm. (izw-berlin.de)

Therefore, the seminal fluid must be removed from the sperm samples by extensive washing immediately after ejaculation.3 After the DNA is internalized, the exogenous DNA must be integrated into the genome. (wikipedia.org)
Two copies of each gene are therefore present in our genome and, as a general rule, both are active. (mpg.de)
This microbial metagenome acts as our "other genome" and like our own genes, is unique to the individual. (frontiersin.org)
These microbes (10 14 ) outnumber human cells 10 to one and account for 3 × 10 6 genes, more than 10 times the 25,000 genes comprising the human genome. (frontiersin.org)
Among the factors thought to contribute to the greater success in cloning cattle are the relatively late embryonic genome activation speciﬁc for this species [16 -18] and the optimization of reproductive technologies, such as in vitro embryo production and embryo transfer, brought about by the cattle industry [19]. (sibi.org)
McClintock was also the first to discover transposition, which is when genes physically jump around in the genome. (utoronto.ca)
Genome changes that occurred during cell divisions have had a clear impact on subsequent beer strain diversity and have likely played an important role in specialization to various brewing styles," Fay says. (futurity.org)
For one, brewer's yeast is polyploid, meaning it has three or four copies of the genes in its genome. (futurity.org)
Today, as we combine IVF procedures with an expanding knowledge of not only the human genome but also gene-editing tools, new and previously unimaginable options have opened: before an IVF embryo is implanted in a womb, we can now alter it genetically. (vision.org)
Although the cultured SSCs, named germline stem (GS) cells, are targets of genome modification, this process remains technically difficult. (cyberleninka.org)
2004). In order to make GS cells more widely applicable for the study of spermatogenesis at the genetic and molecular levels, it is desirable to be able to modify their genome without disturbing their spermato-genic ability. (cyberleninka.org)

The zygote of a mouse stained with fluorescent dyes, with the nuclei of the sperm and egg cells still visible as bright blobs in the middle. (mpg.de)
This medication can be used to help women conceive naturally, to time ovulation for intrauterine insemination, or to stimulate the maturation of eggs to be extracted and used in procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), and zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT). (asu.edu)
IVF, the mixing of egg and sperm outside the body to generate a fertilized egg, or zygote, was first attempted in the late 19th century with small mammals such as mice, rabbits and guinea pigs. (vision.org)

This has the advantage that defective mutations inherited from the mother or father are generally cancelled out by the other copy of the gene. (mpg.de)
Mutations in these genes can cause disease, including a type of optic neuropathy, metabolic disorders, and muscle disease. (eurekalert.org)
This new technique maximizes the chances of families having a child through in vitro fertilization free of genetic mutations," Mitalipov said. (salk.edu)
Genes and genomes are stable, and except for rare, random mutations, are passed on unchanged to the next generation. (i-sis.org.uk)
The most frequent genetic form of obstructive azoospermia is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Mutations in the CFTR gene cause congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). (andrologyawareness.eu)

In contrast, Dolly was produced by what's called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (wptv.com)
By my calculations, Dolly was the single success from 277 tries at somatic cell nuclear transfer. (wptv.com)
Despite immense promise, somatic cell reprogramming still faces a critical challenge. (sibi.org)
Indeed, if passed, Hatch/Feinstein/Kerry would explicitly legalize doing in humans the very cloning procedure -- somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) -- that was used to make Dolly the sheep . (lifeissues.net)
As a brand new graduate student starting in October 1956, my supervisor Michail Fischberg, a lecturer in the department of Zoology at Oxford, suggested that I should try to make somatic cell nuclear transplantation work in the South African frog Xenopus laevis . (biologists.com)

In mammals, adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is known to play highly important roles in sperm motility and acrosomal exocytosis. (plos.org)
It is involved in flagellar movements and motility, and in cellular events that occur in the sperm head, that will lead to successful interaction with the egg and to fertilization [ 1 , 2 ]. (plos.org)
[ 39 ] Tamoxifen is another estrogen-receptor antagonist that, in combination with clomiphene, can increase sperm concentration, sperm motility, and pregnancy rates in males with idiopathic infertility. (medscape.com)

If somatic interventions (see Box 6.1) are hard to control because you have to change so many cells, then germline ones, in which you only have to modify one single cell (or very few) might be more achievable. (wordsontheweb.com)
Germline genetic engineering does affect the eggs or sperm and is therefore passed on to future generations, who will carry the alterations in every cell of their bodies. (wordsontheweb.com)
they pass on genes to offspring, and this shared lineage from parent to child is known as the 'germline' of the organism or, more broadly, the species the continuous inheritance from ancestor to descendant. (wordsontheweb.com)
Acquired characters are not inherited, as germline genes are not influenced by the environment. (i-sis.org.uk)
The cultured SSCs, named germline stem (GS) cells, are now useful in research on various aspects of spermatogenesis. (cyberleninka.org)

Sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) is a transgenic technique that transfers genes based on the ability of sperm cells to spontaneously bind to and internalize exogenous DNA and transport it into an oocyte during fertilization to produce genetically modified animals.1 Exogenous DNA refers to DNA that originates outside of the organism. (wikipedia.org)
Genetically altered (GA) mice are used extensively to study the function and regulation of genes and their role in human development and disease. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) are cells derived from non-pluripotent cells, such as adult somatic cells, that are genetically manipulated so as to return to an undifferentiated, pluripotent state. (asu.edu)
The endgame was never meant to be armies of genetically identical livestock: Rather, researchers continue to refine the techniques and combine them with other methods to turbocharge traditional animal breeding methods as well as gain insights into aging and disease. (wptv.com)
This pattern goes on so that each of the trillions of cells in an adult is genetically exactly the same - whether it's in a lung or a bone or the blood. (wptv.com)
If a man with Klinefelter syndrome wants to genetically father a child, a procedure called testicular sperm extraction (TESE) can be used to take out sperm cells directly from the testes. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Men who are infertile because of an AZF deletion might still be able to genetically father a child, if there is some degree of sperm production in his testes. (andrologyawareness.eu)
A clone is a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual. (msdmanuals.com)

More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)
Additionally, the efﬁciency of nuclear transfer technology may be enhanced by better understanding the nature of reprogramming using the cow model, since approximately half of all SCNT's worldwide are performed in this species [20]. (sibi.org)
Often, but inaccurately, used to refer to the propagation of animals by nuclear transfer. (nationalacademies.org)
In October 2003, researchers succeeded in cloning two laboratory rats by the problematic technique of nuclear transfer. (microscopyu.com)

Mitalipov also has successfully demonstrated the spindle-transfer technique in the healthy offspring of rhesus macaque monkeys. (salk.edu)
The technique used in the 2016 birth and in this most recent birth is called maternal spindle transfer. (inverse.com)
Doctors opted to try maternal spindle transfer because the mother had trouble conceiving. (inverse.com)
Using maternal spindle transfer as a fertility treatment, and not to combat disease, is a whole new ball game. (inverse.com)
How Does the World View Maternal Spindle Transfer? (inverse.com)
Some may see the use of maternal spindle transfer to combat infertility as an off-label use of the procedure. (inverse.com)
The patient does not have an inherited disorder that is being treated by spindle transfer, unlike women with inherited mitochondrial disease," Child told CNN . (inverse.com)
Traditionally, if the intention is to prevent disease, the bioethical community is more open to endorsing mitochondrial replacement therapies, including spindle transfer. (inverse.com)
The UK government's Human Fertilization Authority, too, is wary of using maternal spindle transfer for IVF. (inverse.com)
These monkeys are the world's first animals derived by spindle transfer. (scienceblog.com)

So it is unlikely that the cells would be viable. (wikiquote.org)
Let's say that one in a thousand cells were nevertheless viable, practical issues come into play. (wikiquote.org)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
Whereas most men with Klinefelter syndrome do not have any sperm in the ejaculate, mature and viable sperm can be found within the testes in about 40% of men with Klinefelter syndrome. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Via a technique called testicular sperm extraction (TESE), viable sperm cells can be extracted directly from the testes and used for in vitro fertilization. (andrologyawareness.eu)
A viable parasite was extracted and transferred to physiologic saline. (cdc.gov)

Although homologous recombination varies greatly between organisms and cell types, for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) most forms involve the same basic steps. (oldfield.info)
Homologous recombination is also used in ge-targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. (oldfield.info)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
There are no organisms, only collections of selfish genes , all clamoring to replicate. (i-sis.org.uk)
It can be difficult for researchers to trace the origins of domesticated organisms because migration, gene flow, and intermixing with other groups often clouds an organism's lineage. (futurity.org)
All organisms that reproduce sexually-that is, where two parents contribute genes to create a new individual-must bring egg and sperm together. (vision.org)
Our facilities provide the opportunity to study molecules, cells, organs and entire organisms. (lu.se)

In cases of nonobstructive (secretory) azoospermia, on the other hand, testicular sperm production is blocked at different stages of the process of sperm formation (spermatogenesis). (wikipedia.org)

These barriers allow for protection against the threat that every fertilization event could become a potentially mutagenic one.4 Transgenic animals have been produced successfully using gene transfer techniques such as sperm-mediated gene transfer. (wikipedia.org)
First, they transferred sperm into the egg cell before removing the spindle-chromosomal complex, rather than waiting until after removal, since previous studies have shown that manipulation itself can prematurely activate the meiotic process, which is normally arrested until fertilization. (eurekalert.org)
Round spermatid injection (ROSI) is a technique of assisted reproduction whereby a round spermatid is injected into oocyte cytoplasm in order to achieve fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Before the decades of experiments that led to Dolly, it was thought that normal animals could be produced only by fertilization of an egg by a sperm. (wptv.com)
That way when these so-called haploid cells come together at fertilization, they produce one cell with the full complement of DNA. (wptv.com)
1999). Some in vitro fertilization techniques, particularly injecting a sperm into an oocyte, may interfere with this. (dadamo.com)
Advancements in embryo culture, blastocyst biopsy techniques, 24-chromosome aneuploidy screening platforms, and improved genomic coverage of new sequencing platforms, such as next-generation sequencing, have made PGT safe and accessible for all patients who undergo in vitro fertilization. (medscape.com)
Cadi, R. dc.description.abstract: Background: The success of in vitro-fertilization (IVF) cycles is determined in large part by the quality of embryo cleavage, which in turn, is dependent on the quality of the embryo culture media (CM). Many factors can influence the quality of embryo CM, one of which is the levels of Cell Free Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

PhiC31 has been successfully developed in a variety of tissues and organs for purpose of in vivo gene therapy. (ac.ir)
Plastination is a technique for preserving tissues, organs, and whole bodies for medical purposes and public display. (asu.edu)
This state-of-the art biobank uses extremely cold temperatures to cryopreserve tissues, primary cells (precursor cells for cloning), semen and eggs and freeze DNA/RNA and blood samples in special tubes. (mongabay.com)
Rao and colleagues believe that this irreplaceable stock of gametes, primary cells and tissues collected opportunistically from threatened species could be an important step in establishing genetic resource for reproductive technologies in conservation breeding and species management programs. (mongabay.com)
However, cell theory struggled to explain neurons as they are specialized cells and more complex in structure than cells of other tissues. (asu.edu)
Transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs from another member of the same species. (nationalacademies.org)
When this happens in a dish, all the important changes, from cell division and differentiation to the growth of tissues and organs, can be monitored. (vision.org)
AgingReG involves 651 upregulating pairs, 632 downregulating pairs, 330 activation-regulating pairs and 34 inhibition-regulating pairs, covering 195 disease types and more than 800 kinds of cells and tissues from 1784 published literature studies. (bvsalud.org)
Our facilities provide the opportunity to study protein structure, molecular probes and drug design, system biology and molecular interactions in cells and tissues. (lu.se)

A decade before stem cells began to reach the front page, the next big thing in medical applications of genetic technologies was supposed to be gene therapy. (wordsontheweb.com)
Still, there is enormous power in a simple and comprehensible story (see Chapter 4, on stem cells), and the term is entrenched. (wordsontheweb.com)
Developmental and Stem Cell Biology seminar by Dr. Ollie Rando, UMass Medical School, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology laboratory, Worcester, MA, USA: " Daddy issues: effects of the paternal environment on the next generation in mammals. (pasteur.fr)
Research on iPSCs, initiated by Shinya Yamanaka in 2006 and extended by James Thompson in 2007, has so far revealed the same properties as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), making their discovery potentially very beneficial for scientists and ethicists alike. (asu.edu)
Independently discovered applications to mouse embryonic stem cells, but the highly conserved mechanisms underlying the DSB repair model, including uniform homologous integration of transformed DNA (ge therapy), were first demonstrated in plasmid experiments by Orr-Weaver, Szostack and Rothstein. (oldfield.info)
Dolly was an important milestone, inspiring scientists to continue improving cloning technology as well as to pursue new concepts in stem cell research. (wptv.com)
It's given name is the "Human Cloning Ban and Stem Cell Research Protection Act of 2003," the stated purpose of which, supposedly, is to "prohibit human cloning and to protect important areas of medical research, including stem cell research. (lifeissues.net)
Many of these accurate definitions can also be used in bills and treaties concerning related issues, e.g., human embryonic stem cell research, human genetic engineering, abortion, the use of abortifacients, conscience clauses, IVF and other artificial reproductive technology research and regulation, etc. (lifeissues.net)
Student projects in my lab will revolve around cell-fate decisions in Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSC). (utsa.edu)
The Hsieh laboratory is a neural stem cell biology laboratory that focuses on 4 major areas: (1) epilepsy-in-a-dish, (2) 3D cerebral organoids, (3) patient recruitment, and (4) mechanisms of adult neurogenesis. (utsa.edu)
In order for them to be developed from stem cells, they need a very specific environment in which signals from hormones or proteins trigger the required morphological and functional transformation. (izw-berlin.de)
They established culture systems for the southern white rhino, for which embryonic stem cells are available, and the northern white rhino, for which they used induced pluripotent stem cells derived from tissue samples. (izw-berlin.de)
In the case of the white rhinoceroses, Hayashi is working in close cooperation within BioRescue with Sebastian Diecke's Pluripotent Stem Cells Platform at the Max Delbrück Center and with reproduction experts Thomas Hildebrandt from Leibniz-IZW, both of them last authors of the paper, and Cesare Galli from Avantea. (izw-berlin.de)
Because PGCs are the founder population for gametes, this accomplishment paves a way to produce functional gametes from induced pluripotent stem cells from northern white rhinos which will contribute to the effort to rewind their extinction. (izw-berlin.de)
and from mature adult tissue cells reprogrammed to behave like stem cells. (cmq.org.uk)
These three sources of stem cells do not create the same serious ethical concerns as those derived from embryonic and foetal tissue. (cmq.org.uk)
The scientific community should be concentrating its efforts in working on ethically non-controversial stem cells. (cmq.org.uk)
The inner mass, made of embryonic stem cells, will grow and differentiate to form the fetus. (vision.org)
Summary Mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be cultured for multiplication and maintained for long periods while preserving their spermatogenic ability. (cyberleninka.org)
For example, certain cells called stem cells have the potential to produce a wide variety of tissue types or even possibly an entire organism. (msdmanuals.com)
Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. (cdc.gov)

Examples of genetic diseases that researchers are actively working to address include sickle-cell disease, muscular dystrophy, and cystic fibrosis. (invivomagazine.com)
It evaluates disorders like Cystic Fibrosis , Beta Thalassemia , Sickle Cell Disease , Spinal Muscular Atrophy , Haemophilia Type A and etc. (ferrtia.com)

A finer glass tube and a more exacting technique with a refined procedure can reduce the likelihood of transmitting mitochondrial disease during assisted reproduction, according to a new study publishing October 5th in the open access journal PLOS Biology by Qifeng Lyu and colleagues of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China. (eurekalert.org)
This procedure is most commonly used to overcome male infertility problems, although it may also be used where eggs cannot easily be penetrated by sperm, and occasionally in addition to sperm donation . (wikipedia.org)
This was the case for the parents who underwent the procedure in 2016: That mother's mitochondrial DNA carried genes for Leigh's Syndrome, a brain disorder that impairs movement and speech. (inverse.com)
While PGD is a relatively new procedure offered to the IVF patient, the embryo biopsy technique itself employs methods (i.e. micromanipulation) that are already commonly used in an IVF lab. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
This procedure includes editing the body's immune cells to aggressively and specifically target cancer cells as a way of improving the body's natural response. (invivomagazine.com)
Follow-up testing showed that there was little to no trace of cross-animal mitochondrial transfer using this procedure. (scienceblog.com)

Along with genomic imprinting that switches off individual genes, the researchers investigated another phenomenon. (mpg.de)
And while the experiment focused only on this particular gene and disease, the researchers say they feel confident the technique would work for many of the thousands of other inherited disorders out there linked to one mutation - because their approach has so far proved to be efficient, accurate, and safe. (vox.com)
Researchers are also deploying gene-editing technology to treat cancer. (invivomagazine.com)
In addition to cancer, researchers are also attempting to use gene editing to alter a body's microbiome. (invivomagazine.com)
So, the only thing researchers have to do is generate the piece of RNA they like, and that's an easy task with modern techniques of gene synthesis. (invivomagazine.com)
Below you can see some examples of the infrastructure for research on genes and cells, available for researchers at Lund University. (lu.se)

To reduce the likelihood of mitochondrial transfer during SCCT, the authors made three key changes to the standard SCCT protocol. (eurekalert.org)
The risks of the technique aren't entirely known, though may be considered acceptable if being used to treat mitochondrial disease, but not in this situation. (inverse.com)
In 2015, the United Kingdom passed laws to make the technique available, but that law's passage was intended to help combat the transmission of serious mitochondrial disease, according to parliamentary documents . (inverse.com)

The efficiency and site-specificity of phiC31 integrase system was also confirmed in generated transgenic bovine embryo which successfully obtained using SCNT and SMGT technique. (ac.ir)
Comment: Indeed, if passed, "total cloning bans" H.R. 534, H.R. 234, H.R. 916, and S. 245 would not ban anything either - not even the SCNT cloning technique that was used to make Dolly the sheep. (lifeissues.net)

2021). Metabolomic Analysis Evidences That Uterine Epithelial Cells Enhance Blastocyst Development in a Microfluidic Device. (nc3rs.org.uk)
It can be used in teratozoospermia , because once the egg is fertilized, abnormal sperm morphology does not appear to influence blastocyst development or blastocyst morphology. (wikipedia.org)

[6] Even with severe teratozoospermia, microscopy can still detect the few sperm cells that have a "normal" morphology, allowing for optimal success rate. (wikipedia.org)
a type of biological diversity that is exhibited in the variety of structural forms in living things, from internal cell structure to body morphology. (edrawmind.com)

The screening programs, along with physician education and improved screening techniques, such as radioimmunoassay, helped significantly reduce the incidence of abnormal newborn development resulting from untreated congenital hypothyroidism. (asu.edu)
The acridine orange test (AOT) exemplifies the second type of assay and differentiates sperm with normal double-stranded DNA (green fluorescence) and abnormal denatured or single-stranded DNA (orange-red fluorescence) with the help of the metachromatic shift properties of the stain [ 10 , 11 ]. (ecerm.org)

The scientists removed known epigenetic "off switches" and observed whether the deactivated gene was reactivated. (mpg.de)
With this approach, they were able to link the most important epigenetic "off switches" with imprinted genes. (mpg.de)
Their failures or incompletion (regulation and gene expression, epigenetic, etc.) are attributed to the inviability and losses detected in the laboratory as well as the pathologies observed during the animal´s pregnancy and offspring after birth or later. (sibi.org)

Second, after extracting the spindle-chromosomal complex from the egg, they transferred it into an even narrower-diameter tube (12 micrometers for mice, 10 micrometers for humans), in order to begin to squeeze cytoplasm away from the complex. (eurekalert.org)
This advanced screening technique brings hope to many couples facing hereditary diseases or chromosomal disorders, offering them peace of mind during their journey towards building a family. (geneticscienceservices.com)
The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
PGD technology allows us to identify single gene defects (cystic fibrosis, Huntington's disease etc), chromosomal translocations (Robertsonian, Reciprocal) as well as numerical chromosome abnormalities (Down syndrome, Turner syndrome) in the early embryo. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
This blastomere will be handled in different ways depending on whether PGD will be done to determine chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy) or an inherited genetic disorder (single gene defects) in the embryo. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
If analysis of a semen sample shows that a man has no sperm cells or very few sperm cells in the ejaculate, the doctor will have a blood sample analysed for genetic or chromosomal alterations. (andrologyawareness.eu)
However, some men who are infertile because of genetic or chromosomal alterations can still have children by use of different assisted reproduction techniques. (andrologyawareness.eu)

The exogenous DNA molecules bind to the cell membrane of the head of the sperm cell. (wikipedia.org)
The exogenous DNA interacts with the DNA-binding proteins (DBPs) that are present on the surface of the sperm cell.3 Spermatozoa are naturally protected against the intrusion of exogenous DNA molecules by an inhibitory factor present in mammals' seminal fluid. (wikipedia.org)
Skepticism arises based on the assumption that evolutionary chaos could arise if sperm cells could act as vectors for exogenous DNA.4 Reasonable assumption tells us that because reproductive tracts contain free DNA molecules, sperm cells should be highly resistant to the risk of picking up exogenous DNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
the inhibitory factor in seminal fluid that prevents binding to foreign DNA molecules and a sperm endogenous nuclease activity that is triggered upon interaction of sperm cells with foreign DNA molecules.4 These protections give reason to believe that unintentional interactions between sperm and exogenous genetic sequences is kept to a minimal. (wikipedia.org)
Genes direct the production of all of the molecules that form the structures of a cell, and determine the inherited characteristics that distinguish one individual from another. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)

Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
Genes and Chromosomes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)

We know that fertility declines as women get older," said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, PhD, co-senior author and director of the OHSU Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy. (salk.edu)
Normally, polar bodies disintegrate and disappear during egg development," said co-first author Hong Ma, MD, PhD, with OHSU's Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy. (salk.edu)

ABSTRACT Anti-zona-pellucida autoantibodies (AZP-Ab) and anti-sperm isoantibodies (ASA) were as- sessed in the cervical secretions from 73 infertile Jordanian women and 41 fertile control women using latex agglutination. (who.int)

In female cells, which unlike male cells have two X chromosomes, one chromosome is entirely deactivated very early in embryonic development. (mpg.de)
The results could be significant for X-chromosome-related disease because reactivation of the silent gene could compensate for the malfunctioning active gene. (mpg.de)
Where one of the linked genes physically crosses over to a different chromosome. (oldfield.info)
One of the variant forms of a gene at a particular locus, or location, on a chromosome. (nationalacademies.org)
Human cells should have 23 chromosome pairs (46 total). (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
The sperm has 22 chromosomes plus an "X" or "Y" chromosome, and determines the sex of the baby. (houstonfertilitysolutions.com)
The three most common genetic causes of male infertility are Klinefelter syndrome, microdeletions of the Y chromosome, and mutation in the CTFR gene. (andrologyawareness.eu)
The Y chromosome contains several genes critical for sperm production. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Most of these genes are in areas of the Y chromosome called the AZF (azoospermia factor) regions. (andrologyawareness.eu)

Assisted Reproductive Techniques ( such as artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) are being deployed to produce offsprings from germplasms such as eggs and semen," Rao noted. (mongabay.com)

In the placenta, an additional mechanism comes into play: In this tissue, some genes are deactivated by chemically modifying the proteins that serve as a structural scaffold for the DNA. (mpg.de)
If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
What was special about Dolly is that her "parents" were actually a single cell originating from mammary tissue of an adult ewe. (wptv.com)
Prior to Golgi's black reaction, other neuron staining techniques did not enable scientists to clearly and completely view entire neurons without damaging the tissue and obscuring the form. (asu.edu)
Expression of a (trans)gene in a tissue where, or developmental stage when, such expression is not expected. (nationalacademies.org)
Whether a cell used for a clone produces a specific type of tissue, a specific organ, or an entire organism depends on the potential of the cell-that is, how highly the cell has developed into a particular type of tissue. (msdmanuals.com)

Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)
DNA sequences in genes that interact with regulatory proteins (such as transcription factors) to determine the rate and timing of expression of the genes as well as the beginning and end of the transcript. (nationalacademies.org)
As the proteins catalyze all the biochemical reactions in our body, the implication is that the genes ultimately control and determine all the characteristics of the organism. (i-sis.org.uk)
Below is a non-exhaustive list of in-house infrastructures that are categorized into three overarching themes: bio-imaging, proteins, genes & cells and other resources. (lu.se)

An international research team involving scientists at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (MPIMG) in Berlin and Harvard University in Cambridge (USA) has now investigated the mechanisms responsible for the deactivation of the genes. (mpg.de)
When investigating the causes of this failure via cellular and molecular analysis of 2-cell zygotes and the successive cell divisions (blastomeres), all kinds of abnormalities were found. (sibi.org)

Non-obstructive azoospermia is the situation where no sperm is found in the ejaculate, and where this is not due to an obstruction of the ways leading the sperm from the testes to the tip of the urethra. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Obstructive azoospermia is the situation where the transport of the sperm cells away from the testes, through the epididymis and via the vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts and the urethra is blocked, resulting in no sperm cells in the ejaculate. (andrologyawareness.eu)

Human diploid cells, by comparison, have two copies of 23 chromosomes (46 chromosomes total) and human haploid gametes (egg and sperm) have only one copy of 23 chromosomes. (futurity.org)

It's been 20 years since scientists in Scotland told the world about Dolly the sheep , the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult body cell. (wptv.com)
More than 10 different cell types have been used successfully as "parents" for cloning. (wptv.com)

The total number of embryo transfers was stratified further into fresh and frozen embryo transfers. (ecerm.org)
However, in the frozen embryo transfers, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups. (ecerm.org)
Pregnancy complications such as multiple gestation, preterm or low birth weight infants can be reduced with single embryo transfers as only one embryo is transferred at a time. (medscape.com)

Although a high level of PDE10A gene expression is observed in the testis, information on the identity of the isoforms or on the cell type that express the PDE10 protein is lacking. (plos.org)
Prion - an infectious particle that causes damage to nerve cells in the brain, and that appears to consist mostly or entirely of a single protein. (edrawmind.com)
Genes determine characters in a straightforward, additive way: one gene-one protein, and by implication, one character. (i-sis.org.uk)
In addition to infrastructures for bioimaging, protein and genes & cells, we also provide other resources e.g., databases, networks and specialized labs. (lu.se)

Genetic causes can be identified in one in every four to five men with severe infertility, meaning men who have no sperm cells in the ejaculate. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Lack of one or more AZF regions, called AZF deletions, is a relatively common genetic cause of infertility in men with no or only few sperm cells in the ejaculate. (andrologyawareness.eu)
Although the underlying reasons for unexplained infertility have not been fully identified, increasing evidence suggests that sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) should be considered [ 3 - 5 ]. (ecerm.org)
Anti-sperm any medication with potentially negative antibody (ASA) may also play a different effects on the rheological characteristics role in female infertility by interfering with of the mucus were stopped in the previous sperm migration through the female genital cycle. (who.int)

Serological techniques are the most specific methods for identifying rhizobia based on natural marker characteristics. (benthamscience.com)
During the nineteenth century, scientists were studying cells and proposed cell theory, which describes the basic characteristics of cells as fundamental units of life. (asu.edu)
the variety of heritable characteristics (genes) in a population of interbreeding individuals. (edrawmind.com)
Whether that's differences in temperature preferences or differences in certain domesticated brewing characteristics, we want to know what genes are involved," Fay says. (futurity.org)

ERA test indicates the best day for your embryo to be transferred , increasing your chances of successful pregnancy. (ferrtia.com)

They maintain a delicate balance between self-renewal and commitment to differentiate for sperm production. (cyberleninka.org)

Dolly demonstrated that adult somatic cells also could be used as parents. (wptv.com)

On-chip mouse embryo culture: evaluation of effects of uterine cells-conditioned media on embryo development and gene expression. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Objective: The Streptomyces phage phiC31 integrase offers a sequence-specific method of transgenesis with a robust long-term gene expression. (ac.ir)
These elements are involved in control of gene expression which governs the phenotype and also plays role in disease biology. (researchgate.net)
Notably, 3D20E transfer also induces expression of a reproductive gene that preserves egg development during Plasmodium infection, ensuring fitness of infected females. (nature.com)
A heritable chemical modification of DNA (replacement of cytosine by 5-methyl cytosine) that, when present in a control region, usually suppresses expression of the corresponding gene. (nationalacademies.org)
We are testing the hypothesis that specific transcription factors form regulatory networks to execute gene expression programs important for SSC fate decisions (self-renewal and differentiation), and ultimately, spermatogenesis. (utsa.edu)
We described the early embryonic development of the loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus , based on morphological features and gene expression. (bioone.org)
The embryonic development of the loach resembled that of the zebrafish in terms of morphological change and gene expression. (bioone.org)
The Endometrial Receptivity Analysis is an Endometrial evaluation test and a diagnostic tool which allows to analyse the level of expression of 238 genes related with the status of Endometrial Receptivity. (ferrtia.com)
In this study, DILI-related differentially expressed genes mediated by immunoinflammatory cytokines were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to predict the occurrence of DILI (named the DILI predictive gene set, DILI_PGS), and the predictability of the DILI_PGS was verified using the Connectivity Map (CMap) and LiverTox platforms. (bvsalud.org)

Though the technique could be years away from progressing to clinical trials, the advancement eventually could be significant for women of advanced maternal age. (salk.edu)

Homologous recombination is widely used by cells to precisely repair damaged DNA breaks that occur on both DNA strands, known as double-strand breaks (DSBs), in a process called homologous recombination repair (HRR). (oldfield.info)
In 1911, after observing that related traits could be inherited separately, Thomas Hunt Morgan suggested that "crossovers" could occur between related genes. (oldfield.info)

This question had been asked by embryologists since 1886 ( Rauber, 1886 ), and Spemann ( Spemann, 1938 ) had demonstrated by an egg ligation experiment that the nuclei of an eight-cell frog embryo are developmentally totipotent. (biologists.com)

Alternatively, sperm may be recovered from voided or catheterized postejaculatory urine to be used in assisted reproductive techniques. (medscape.com)

Transgenic animals have been obtained using SMGT, but the efficiency of this technique is low. (wikipedia.org)
In October 2021, we held a webinar highlighting the IVF micro microfluidic device, developed to address the EASE Challenge, which enables non-surgical embryo transfer for generating transgenic mice. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Generally, these lines are not transgenic because the easy techniques of genetic transformation that work in mice do not work as well for rats. (microscopyu.com)

Both individuals carry a recessive gene for cystic fibrosis, an inherited disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. (geneticscienceservices.com)

It helps us to find a personalized window of implantation for each patient before the patient starts using assisted reproduction techniques. (ferrtia.com)
The ERA test is a transcriptomic analysis of 238 genes that conform the signature of Endometrial Receptivity and hence identifies the patients personalized window of implantation. (ferrtia.com)
PGTa allows for better embryo selection, which improves implantation rates with single embryo transfer and reduces miscarriage rates. (medscape.com)

Eukaryotic] cells first appeared when a prokaryotic cell was absorbed into another cell without being digested. (dadamo.com)
Bacterium (plural bacteria) - an individual prokaryotic cell or a single species that is in the domain. (edrawmind.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms5

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes25

Information Science3

Health Care2

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Inj9

Embryos53

ICSI4

CRISPR-Cas98

Mammalian6

Genetic material18

Germ11

Nucleus13

Donor5

Eggs and sperm2

Chromosomes and genes2

Mitochondria14

Oocytes3

Genome11

Zygote3

Mutations6

Somatic cell5

Motility3

Germline5

Genetically8

Nuclear transfer4

Spindle transfer10

Viable6

Organisms7

Testicular1

Fertilization8

Tissues9

Stem21

Sickle cell di2

Procedure6

Researchers6

Mitochondrial3

SCNT2

Blastocyst Development2

Morphology2

Abnormal2

Epigenetic3

Chromosomal7

Molecules5

Deoxyribonucleic2

Embryonic Cell2

Infertile1

Chromosome9

Vitro fertilisation1

Tissue7

Proteins5

Molecular2

Obstructive azoospermia2

Gametes1

Successfully2

Embryo transfers3

Protein4

Infertility4

Characteristics4

Pregnancy1

Differentiate1

Adult somatic cells1

Expression10

Maternal1

Occur2

Nuclei1

Reproductive techniques1

Transgenic3

Cystic1

Implantation3

Prokaryotic cell2