Sperm cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

We previously reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), through local injection upon testicular torsion-detorsion, restored the spermatogenesis without differentiation into sperm. (biomedcentral.com)
The hedgehog signaling pathway is a mechanism that regulates cell growth and differentiation during embryonic development, called embryogenesis, in animals. (asu.edu)
We have also established methods for the proliferation of PGCLCs and their differentiation to spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
It starts from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the seminiferous tubules with gradual differentiation toward spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa (1). (ijfs.ir)
Microarray analyses detected a suite of master developmental regulators that control differentiation and maintenance of diverse cell lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
During the second week, a rapid proliferation and differentiation of the trophoblasts occurs. (medscape.com)
The best evidence suggests that most are due to abnormal differentiation of fetal germ cells that arise from the fetal yolk sac. (medscape.com)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

In this study, molecular mechanisms of MSCs in regulating germ cell activity induced by testicular torsion-detorsion were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Testicular torsion-detorsion significantly decreased the amount of sperm, inhibited the motility, declined the F-actin expression, and reduced the content of ATP in sperm. (biomedcentral.com)
MSCs significantly reversed the imbalance of glycolysis in sperm and testis induced by testicular torsion-detorsion, as evidenced by increasing the expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-spermatogenic, activating Akt, and increasing glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which led to the increase in glycolysis cascades and ATP production. (biomedcentral.com)
Human stem cell factor contributed the activation of Akt/GSK3 axis when sperm suffered from testicular torsion-detorsion-induced germ cell injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Local injection of MSCs into a testis damaged by testicular torsion-detorsion restores sperm function mainly through the improvement of sperm motility and energy. (biomedcentral.com)
Testicular torsion is an urology emergency and which threats 1/4000 of male population younger than 25 years old with infertility as a sequela of germ cell ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Duration of testicular torsion and the severity of cord twisting are two key prognostic factors for sperm survival and activity. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in a cord twisting higher than 360° plus symptom duration more than 24 h, complete or severe testicular atrophy is inevitable due to cell necrosis starting from 4 h after testicular torsion. (biomedcentral.com)
In our series studies, animal model with severe cell necrosis in testis was created by a 720° testicular torsion for 3 h. (biomedcentral.com)
We previously explored that local injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 30 min before surgical detorsion was applicable to prevent testicular torsion-induced I/R injury on germ cell and maintain the spermatogenesis at acute stage. (biomedcentral.com)
Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies on male rodents suggested that chronic ACR exposure resulted in testicular cytotoxicity indicated by vacuolization, multiple nuclei formation, abnormal giant cell, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, the present study showed HgCl 2 progressive damages in testicular tissue, sperm count and morphology of tropical species Gymnotus carapo . (e3s-conferences.org)
Conventional semen analysis does not assess all aspects of testicular function and sperm quality. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This is due to the fact that testicular tissues are more susceptible to oxidative stress due to a high rate of cell division and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. (worldhealthcommittee.net)
Our results demonstrate that GDNF-mediated RET signaling is critical for the fate of undifferentiated spermatogonia and that abnormalities in this pathway may contribute to male infertility and testicular germ cell tumors. (wustl.edu)
Cells harvested from the testicular sperm extraction (TESE) samples of the azoospermic patients were cultured on the 3D porous scaffolds containing human serum albumin (HSA)/tri calcium phosphate nanoparticles (TCP NPs) for two weeks. (ijfs.ir)
Although treatments, such as percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and testicular sperm extraction (TESE) followed by intracytoplasmic spermatozoa injection (ICSI), are available for azoospermic patients, there is still need to improve the therapeutic approaches. (ijfs.ir)
TESE samples were taken after obtaining written informed consent from two non-obstructive azoospermic patients (with the ages of 27 and 36 years) who had rare immotile spermatozoa in testicular biopsies with complete spermatogenic arrest, unremarkable spermatogonia, normal Leydig cells, and normal serum hormones. (ijfs.ir)
After 10 weeks, exercised and non-exercised males were sampled to determine plasma 11-ketotestosterone levels, testicular mRNA expression levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis and gametogenesis by qPCR, as well as the relative abundance of germ cells representing the different spermatogenic stages by histological examination. (biomedcentral.com)

Complementary with the binding of SQSTM1 and VCP to sperm mitochondria, two sperm-borne pro-mitophagy proteins, parkin co-regulated gene product (PACRG) and spermatogenesis related 18, underwent localization modifications after extract coincubation, which had been according to their degradation noticed inside fertilized porcine oocytes. (eqalix.com)
They determined that the hh gene encodes a family of hh proteins, which mediate both cell-to-cell interactions and has long-range effects in developing Drosophila embryos. (asu.edu)
The essential hallmark of spermiogenesis is the replacement of nuclear somatic-cell like histones by small basic proteins known as protamines. (basicmedicalkey.com)
To facilitate screens for small molecule compounds that disrupt the YAP-TEAD interaction, we have developed the first ultra-bright NanoLuc biosensor to quantify YAP/TAZ-TEAD protein-protein interaction (PPI) both in living cells and also in vitro using biosensor fusion proteins purified from bacteria. (omicsdi.org)
In mammals, most histone proteins are lost during sperm development, eventually to be replaced by protamines. (i-sis.org.uk)
Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This signaling influences many critical cell functions, including the creation (synthesis) of new proteins, cell growth and division (proliferation), and the survival of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

However, it may interfere with sperm maturation and transport outside of the testes in the epididymides and vas deferens where androgen levels. (thelucidllama.com)
However, it may interfere with sperm maturation and transport outside of the testes in the epididymides and vas deferens where androgen levels That's the way it works with so much of this stuff, does ostarine lower sperm count. (thelucidllama.com)
The immature sperm undergoes maturation in the epididymis . (mrshum.com)

MSC-secreted stem cell factor (SCF) played a role in promoting spermatogenesis in the recipient [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Before the sperm can set out on its adventurous journey, remarkable arrangements need to be made during the post-meiotic stages of spermatogenesis [ 12 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Spermatogenesis, a continuous and highly conserved process, leads to the formation of haploid sperm cells capable of fertilization. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Normal spermatogenesis is essential for reproduction and depends on proper spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) function. (wustl.edu)
GFRA1 and RET expression was identified in a subset of gonocytes at birth, was restricted to SSCs during normal spermatogenesis, and RET expressing cells were abundant in a cryptorchid model of SSC self-renewal. (wustl.edu)
Human testisderived cells (hTCs) are suitable candidates for the initiation of in-vitro spermatogenesis for these types of patients. (ijfs.ir)
As of 2004, several studies have shown that embryonic stem cells may restore the spermatogenesis and functional sperms in mouse and human, known as in vitro gametogenesis (IVG) (2-4). (ijfs.ir)
These elements include somatic cells (such as Leydig cells, myoid cells, and Sertoli cells), extracellular matrix (ECM) components (including laminin, collagen type IV and collagen type I), as well as growth factors and hormones [including bFGF, glial cell-derived nerve factor, glial cellderived nerve factor (GDNF), and testosterone] that are capable of forming a complex microenvironment where spermatogenesis occurs (6). (ijfs.ir)
Male fertility relies on the continuous production of sperm via a process known as spermatogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
This involves spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) dividing to form undifferentiated spermatogonia (uSPGs), which then progress through the meiotic and haploid phases of spermatogenesis to form mature sperm ( de Rooij, 1998 ). (elifesciences.org)
Transplantation experiments have revealed that most cells which can perform the hallmark feature of SSCs (that is, re-establishing full spermatogenesis in testes lacking germ cells) are found within the single uSPG population, but may also be present among paired and aligned progenitors ( Kubota and Brinster, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
Testes , in males, which produce sperm by spermatogenesis , which is the development of spermatogonia into sperm . (mrshum.com)
It starts in the seminiferous tubules of the testes , Leydig cells are stimulated by LH to produce the steroid hormone testosterone , which stimulate spermatogenesis . (mrshum.com)
Also within the seminiferous tubules , Sertoli cells are stimulated by FSH , which nurtures the stages of spermatogenesis . (mrshum.com)

CD9 is involved in cell motility, osteoclastogenesis, neurite outgrowth, myotube formation, and sperm-egg fusion, plays roles in cell attachment and proliferation and is necessary for association of heterologous MHC II molecules on the dendritic cell plasma membrane which is important for effective T cell stimulation. (exbio.cz)
Functional assessments on sperm included counting sperm amount and sperm motility, staining F-actin, and quantifying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. (biomedcentral.com)
Local injection of MSCs improved sperm function, particularly in sperm motility. (biomedcentral.com)
The current diagnosis of male infertility is based upon semen analysis, which encompasses the traditional semen parameters, semen volume and sperm concentration, motility and morphology as a gold standard. (basicmedicalkey.com)

This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
The most effective treatment is usually in vitro fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (msdmanuals.com)

Therefore, this study proves that Rh4 inhibits cancer cell proliferation by activating the ROS/p53 signaling pathway and activating autophagy to induce ferroptosis, which provides necessary scientific evidence of the great anticancer potential of Rh4. (hindawi.com)
We have also demonstrated that Celastrol can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, transformation, and cell migration. (omicsdi.org)

We report that glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signaling through the RET tyrosine kinase/GFRA1 receptor complex is required for spermatogonial self-renewal in mice. (wustl.edu)
In Vitro Derivation and Propagation of Spermatogonial Stem Cell Activity from Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cell Reports, 17, 2789-2804. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)

Propagation of paternal sperm-contributed mitochondrial genes, leading to heteroplasmy, is seldom noticed in mammals attributable to post-fertilization degradation of sperm mitochondria, known as sperm mitophagy. (eqalix.com)
It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Soon after fertilization, the vast majority of methylcytosine in sperm is converted by the Tet3 enzyme to hydroxymethylcytosine that gets lost by dilution during replication, effectively erasing cytosine methylation patterns except for a subset that is maintained, including those of some imprinted genes. (i-sis.org.uk)
1994). Furthermore, based on structural conservation, genes homologous to have already been identified in lots of animal species, such as for example homolog genes have already been discovered to become portrayed in germ cell lineages specifically. (sdfca.org)
Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the top ten genes preferentially enriched in these cells, Foxc2 was the only one to code for a protein exclusively present in the nucleus of uSPGs that also expressed ZBTB16, a protein important for SSCs to self-renew. (elifesciences.org)
This finding is consistent with the fact that many FOXC2-regulated genes are involved in cell cycle arrest. (elifesciences.org)
Mutter suggested that these genes or the cells have only the maternal imprint because many teratomas arise from a parthenogenetically activated egg. (medscape.com)

The present study investigated HgCl2 toxic effects in testes and sperms of tropical fish Gymnotus carapo . (e3s-conferences.org)
Male homozygotes generate no sperm in testes, as premeiotic germ cells cannot comprehensive the meiotic procedure and underwent apoptotic cell loss of life. (sdfca.org)
transplanted a population of uSPGs enriched in these cells into the testes of mice treated with busulfan, a toxic compound that kills endogenous germ cells. (elifesciences.org)

Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
We have successfully generated primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLC) in vitro from mouse ESCs and iPSCs. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Generation of human oogonia from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro, Science, 362, 356-360. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Robust In Vitro Induction of Human Germ Cell Fate from Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cell Stem Cell, 17, 178-194. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Although other irritants in the smoke may have contributed to the incident, there is supporting evidence that stable strontium can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells in vitro (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)

This review focuses on an emerging topic, the functional involvement of AQPs in ROS membrane transport, with specific regard to the movement of hydrogen peroxide and NO into and out of cells, in both health and oxidative stress-induced diseases. (hindawi.com)
In normal cell biology, ROS levels increase with a decreasing antioxidant response, resulting in oxidative stress which threatens sperm biology. (mdpi.com)
Oxidative stress has numerous effects, including increased apoptosis, reduced motion parameters, and reduced sperm integrity. (mdpi.com)
We demonstrated that TMAO has a marked impact on the occurrence, development, and prognosis of stroke by regulating cholesterol metabolism, foam cell formation, platelet hyperresponsiveness and thrombosis, and promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. (bvsalud.org)

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a haploid sperm cell within the plant gametophyte. (mcw.edu)
The function of sperm is to safely transport the haploid paternal genome to the egg containing the maternal genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)

In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
The current study found that mice haploinsufficient for the large isoform of Chd8 (Chd8L) exhibited increased intestinal permeability, transcriptomic dysregulation in gut epithelial cells, reduced tuft cell and goblet cell counts in the gut, and an overall increase in microbial load. (bvsalud.org)
Gut epithelial cell-specific Chd8 haploinsufficiency was associated with increased anxiety-related behaviors together with a decrease in tuft cell numbers. (bvsalud.org)
Intestinal epithelial cells form the largest barrier in the body, separating us from the outside world. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we review recent findings that highlight the role of autophagy in the cell-intrinsic response of the epithelial cells to the harsh intestinal environment and how they shape host physiology. (bvsalud.org)
Colonic goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus to physically separate the host and its microbiota, thus preventing bacterial invasion and inflammation. (bvsalud.org)
2020) , siRNA-mediated knockdown of sperm-associated antigen 11a (Spag11a) mRNA in epididymal primary epithelial cells affects proliferation: a transcriptome analyses , Cell and Tissue Research , Springer Berlin Heidelberg,379,3,601-612 IF - 4.1. (uohyd.ac.in)
However, continued exposure to progesterone causes decrease in the growth of the epithelial cells. (medscape.com)

Hormones present during breastfeeding can inhibit ovulation and uterine proliferation. (wikipedia.org)

Kim YJ, Yu JM, Joo HJ, Kim HK, Cho HH, Bae YC, Jung JS: Role of CD9 in proliferation and proangiogenic action of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. (exbio.cz)

The hedgehog signaling pathway works both between cells and within individual cells. (asu.edu)
In addition, the ACR-induced reproductive toxicity is associated with a dramatic reduction in testosterone level due to disruption of the Leydig cells steroidogenic pathway [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Overexpression up-regulates the Erk signaling pathway and proliferation. (joplink.net)
Lastly, results from luciferase assays, using YAP/TAZ transfected or knockdown cells, give support to the non-redundancy of YAP/TAZ co-activators in regulating gene expression in the Hippo pathway. (omicsdi.org)
As a result, chemical signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is enhanced, which increases cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)

As the WHO parameters only address a few aspects of sperm quality and function, the discriminative power in relation to fertility is quite low [ 2 , 3 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Over the past two decades, sperm DNA testing has been hailed as a more promising method for fertility evaluation [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)
3. Maintains reproductive function: Unlike other testosterone replacements therapy which has the side effect of shutdown natural testosterone production, HCG maintains natural testosterone production while adding to it, which supports sperm cell development and enhances fertility. (thecoolnews.org)

post-fertilization sperm mitophagy depend on the ubiquitin -binding autophagy receptor, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), and the proteasome-interacting ubiquitin ated protein dislocase, valosin-containing protein (VCP). (eqalix.com)
These outcomes reveal that the early developmental occasions of post-fertilization sperm mitophagy noticed in porcine zygote will be reconstituted in a cell-free system, which may grow to be a useful gizmo for figuring out extra molecules that regulate mitochondrial inheritance in mammals. (eqalix.com)
Mammalian fertilization and subsequent embryonic development depend in part on the inherent integrity of sperm genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Required for acrosome reaction in sperm during fertilization, probably by acting as an important enzyme for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. (joplink.net)
After fertilization, the sperm genome is rapidly stripped of protamines and most, but not all histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
Moreover, seabass precocious males have shown to exhibit lower sperm quality and viable milt production as compared to normal-maturing ones [ 14 ], thus affecting the fertilization success. (biomedcentral.com)
After the sperm enters the oval cytoplasm in the uterine tube, the maternal and paternal chromosomes combine to form a zygote, completing fertilization. (medscape.com)
Gamete is a cell that fuses with another during fertilization , for sexual reproduction . (mrshum.com)
Cells which fuse with another during fertilization, for sexual reproduction. (mrshum.com)
DS originates from the inadequate separation of chromosome 21, which may occur in the gamete formation phase (egg or sperm) or immediately after fertilization in meiosis or in mitosis, respectively. (bvsalud.org)

The proliferation/viability of the cells was assessed using the MTT assay, along with H&E histological staining method. (ijfs.ir)
Following our previous animal studies performed on mice (9, 10), the aim of this study was to evaluate the viability and proliferation of the cells derived from human TESE samples, which were cultivated on a novel threedimensional (3D) nano-scaffold containing human serum albumin (HSA)/tri calcium phosphate nanoparticles (TCP NPs), as examined by MTT and H&E histological staining assays. (ijfs.ir)

Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)
Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
cell standards occurs during early gastrulation following the implantation of embryos and needs some inductive elements from extra-embryonic tissue (Lawson et al. (sdfca.org)
We know that metastatic cell proliferation usually occurs in response to a stressor. (austinshamaniccenter.com)

Thus, telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are associated with the immortality of cancer cells, germ-line cells, and embryonic stem (ES) cells. (nature.com)
Reproductive success, including optimal embryonic development and healthy offspring, greatly depends on the integrity of the sperm chromatin structure, its genome and epigenome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
1999). In the mouse, the germ-line precursor cells offering rise to primordial germ cells (PGCs) can be found in the rim from the epiblast next to the extra-embryonic ectoderm before gastrulation (Lawson and Hage 1994). (sdfca.org)
Nevertheless, because many of these features are normal in undifferentiated embryonic cells on the blastocyst and epiblast levels, they aren't specific enough to tell apart cells destined to a germ cell destiny from pluripotent stem LY 344864 S-enantiomer cells staying in the undifferentiated condition. (sdfca.org)
Regarding this accurate stage, our previous discovering that MVH appearance is not discovered in pluripotent cell lines such as for example embryonic germ (EG) and embryonic stem (Ha sido) cells produced from PGCs and internal cell mass (ICM) cells displays exactly the developmental difference between PGCs in genital ridges from totipotent cells. (sdfca.org)
Thus formed, the blastocyst consists of two layers of cells, an inner layer termed the embryoblast that becomes the embryo and an outer layer termed the trophoblasts that forms the embryonic part of the placenta. (medscape.com)
The inner cell mass further differentiates into a bilaminar embryonic disc. (medscape.com)
gene mutations that occur during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs or sperm) or in early embryonic development. (medlineplus.gov)
The genetic changes, which are called somatic mutations, arise randomly in one cell during embryonic development. (medlineplus.gov)

Originating from cells producing eggs in girls and sperm in boys, these tumors can occur in various body parts. (paragraph.xyz)
This revealed that this population could give rise to all subtypes of uSPGs, with some of the resulting progenitors differentiating into sperm that could fertilise eggs and generate offspring. (elifesciences.org)

Hg (20μM) also altered sperm morphology in 24h and 96h where sperm head abnormalities were present. (e3s-conferences.org)

The Germ Cell Fate of Cynomolgus Monkeys is Specified in the Nascent Amnion, Developmental Cell, 39, 169-185. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)

1996), and many cell-surface antigens acknowledged by monoclonal antibodies such as for example LY 344864 S-enantiomer SSEA-1 (Fox et al. (sdfca.org)
Another rare mechanism of infertility is destruction or inactivation of sperm by sperm antibodies, which are usually produced by the man. (msdmanuals.com)
cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)

The purpose of uterine lining proliferation is to provide a favorable environment for a potential fertilized zygote. (wikipedia.org)
Without uterine proliferation, implantation is extremely rare. (wikipedia.org)
The ciliary action of the uterine tube transports the zygote to the uterus, during which it undergoes a series of mitotic divisions and transforms into the ball of small cells termed blastomeres. (medscape.com)

In the case of environmental toxins, Michael Skinner's reproductive biology lab at Washington State University Pullman in the United States first reported in 2005 that injecting pregnant rats with endocrine disruptor fungicide vinclozolin caused sperm abnormalities that persisted in the male progeny for at least 4 generations [4]. (i-sis.org.uk)
These abnormalities may account for the lack of organization of the three germ cell layers. (medscape.com)

Kumari Sangeeta, Suresh Yenugu (2022) , Ablation of the sperm-associated antigen 11A (SPAG11A) protein by active immunization promotes epididymal oncogenesis in the rat. (uohyd.ac.in)

Interestingly, PGCs share certain cellular properties with metastasizing cancer cells including proliferation, invasion of other tissues, survival and migration. (wikigenes.org)
Normal migration of these germ cells may cause gonadal tumors, whereas abnormal migration produces extragonadal tumors. (medscape.com)
Anti-sperm any medication with potentially negative antibody (ASA) may also play a different effects on the rheological characteristics role in female infertility by interfering with of the mucus were stopped in the previous sperm migration through the female genital cycle. (who.int)

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Hodgkin Lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma is a localized or disseminated malignant proliferation of cells of the lymphoreticular system, primarily involving lymph node tissue, spleen, liver, and bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)

In the brain, the increased number of cells leads to rapid and abnormal brain growth starting before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
It is less clear how increased PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling contributes to polydactyly, although the extra digits are probably related to abnormal cell proliferation in the developing hands and feet. (medlineplus.gov)

HgCl2 induced severe damages characterized by complete disorganization of seminiferous lobules, proliferation of interstitial tissue, congestion of blood vessels, reduction of germ cells and sperm aggregation. (e3s-conferences.org)
By means of scaffolds, cells, and growth factors, tissue engineering has provided enormous hope and interest in academia, industry, and the public to cure various disorders (7). (ijfs.ir)
8) indicates that tissue engineering might be helpful for the transplantation of germ cells by improving the cellular environment using scaffolds to enhance graft outcomes for prepubertal boys exposed to gonadotoxic treatments. (ijfs.ir)
Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)

However, surgical detorsion-induced reperfusion injury may occur, and germ cells cannot be regenerated by the surgery [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result of extensive cell proliferation, replication errors occur, resulting in DNA fragmentation in the sperm. (worldhealthcommittee.net)

Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)

How Does the Cell Membrane Function? (lifewithvernonhoward.com)
Throughout the years, ROS and NO have been widely considered to enter cells by freely diffusing through the cell membrane lipid bilayer and not via specific transporters or channels. (hindawi.com)
Experiments with cynomolgus monkey iPSC-derived PGCLCs have allowed us to analyze germ lineage development across different mammalian species and identify the early amniotic membrane as the origin of germ cells in primates. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Granulosa cells in turn secrete zona pellucida , which is a membrane immediately surrounding an oocyte . (mrshum.com)

In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
Sperm cells are highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced during cellular oxidation. (mdpi.com)

Three days after the surgery, orchiectomy was executed and the testis, epididymis, and sperm were separated to each other. (biomedcentral.com)
Human sperm cell is a flagellate cell consisting of a disc-shaped head and a long tail released from the seminiferous tubule and mature in the epididymis. (biomedcentral.com)

Consequently, we anti cipated that sperm mitophagy may very well be reconstituted in a cell-free system consisting of permeabilized mammalian spermatozoa co-incubated with porcine oocyte extracts. (eqalix.com)
Therefore, the purpose of this book chapter is to understand the structure of mammalian sperm chromatin and its impact on the rapidly advancing postgenomic era. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The developing germ cells in the post-meiotic phase are further subdivided into early spermatids with round nuclei, intermediate spermatids with elongated nuclei, and spermatids with condensed nuclei [ 13 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)

MSCs with 3 × 10 4 cells were locally injected into left testis 30 min before detorsion. (biomedcentral.com)

Follicular phase , which is where rising FSH induces proliferation of granulosa cells , which surround the oocyte . (mrshum.com)
Granulosa cells can thus be viewed as the homolog to Sertoli cells . (mrshum.com)
FSH also causes granulosa cells to secrete estrogen . (mrshum.com)
LH induces proliferation of theca cells , which surround granulosa cells . (mrshum.com)
The complex of a single oocyte (unfertilized egg ), granulosa cells and theca cells , is known as ovarian follicle . (mrshum.com)

J Mol Cell Biol, 2022 Apr 5. (nih.gov)
Anandha Rao Ravula, Suresh Yenugu (2022) , Transgenerational effects on the fecundity and sperm proteome in rats exposed to a mixture of pyrethroids at doses similar to human consumption , Chemosphere , ,290,,133242 IF - 8.943. (uohyd.ac.in)

Oxytocin regulates the excretion of milk by targeting the layer of smooth muscle cells that surround the alveoli, causing them to contract. (wikipedia.org)
Hsp90 interacts with Cdc37, is phosphorylated by PKA/PKC, and regulates Src phosphorylation in human sperm capacitation. (nih.gov)
CircRNF220, not its linear cognate gene RNF220, regulates cell growth and is associated with relapse in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. (nih.gov)

There have been attempts to propose sperm DNA fragmentation as such a new test for male reproductive capability [ 6 , 7 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This essay will also evaluate the molecular techniques used for study of sperm DNA fragmentation with a detailed overview of the Aniline Blue staining method. (basicmedicalkey.com)

There is a growing understanding about the importance of sperm DNA integrity on embryo development and the health of the offspring. (basicmedicalkey.com)
We are investigating the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that determine the development of germ cells. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
We have used our PGCLC as a model to investigate a number of determinants in germ cell development including the transcription and signaling factors responsible for their induction from PS cells and the epigenome reprogramming mechanism. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
We aim to extend these primate projects to the study of human germ cell development. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Today, it is generally thought that the combination of determinants deposited by the mother during oogenesis and the inductive signals between different cells trigger the specification of different cell lineages during development of the embryo [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
By the end of week 2, the development of primary chorionic villi is observed, the primary yolk sac is replaced by the secondary yolk sac, and the amniotic cavity appears as a space between the cytotrophoblasts and the inner cell mass. (medscape.com)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)

We discovered that SQSTM1 was detected within the midpiece/mitochondrial sheath of the sperm tail after, however not earlier than, co-incubation with oocyte extracts. (eqalix.com)
VCP was distinguished within the sperm mitochondrial sheath each earlier than and after the extract co-incubation and was additionally detected within the acrosome and postacrosomal sheath and the subacrosomal layer of the spermatozoa co-incubated with extraction buffer as management. (eqalix.com)

H3K9me2 was found at several paternally methylated imprinted regions in sperm, suggesting that this histone mark signals special sites of the paternal genome where methylation is maintained. (i-sis.org.uk)

RNF220 promotes the proliferation of leukaemic cells and reduces the degradation of the Cyclin D1 protein through USP22. (nih.gov)

The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)

Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
The treatment of childhood cancer frequently involves a combination of surgical procedures, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and, in some cases, stem cell or bone marrow transplants. (paragraph.xyz)
Recommended in F1000 and highlighted by Cell Stem Cell Preview, Curr Biol Dispatch and Nature News and Views. (kcl.ac.uk)
Evolutionarily Distinctive Transcriptional and Signaling Programs Drive Human Germ Cell Lineage Specification from Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cell Stem Cell, 21, 517-532. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)
Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)
A second press release [2] has indicated stem cell source, resulting in widespread excitement that the program is planning to move forward very rapidly, with all of the patients being enrolled in the Correspondence to: Roger A. Barker, John van Geest Centre first quarter of 2016 and interim results being shared for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Univer- in October 2016. (lu.se)

These defects were due to lack of SSC proliferation and an inability of SSCs to maintain an undifferentiated state. (wustl.edu)
Moreover, in parallel, several groups have demonstrated the pluripotency of germ-line stem cells (GSCs) following SSCs culture in rodents, though, there is a debate about pluripotency of GSCs in primates and humans (5). (ijfs.ir)
To ensure that the supply of sperm remains constant, SSCs must continuously provide new uSPGs while also self-renewing to maintain their stocks. (elifesciences.org)
The team started by screening the expression profile of individual cells in a population of mouse uSPGs containing both SSCs and progenitors. (elifesciences.org)
However, FOXC2-producing uSPGs were also capable of self-renewal, forming cells which feature genetic markers associated with SSCs. (elifesciences.org)

The association between DNA damage and diminished reproductive outcomes has led to the introduction of sperm DNA integrity testing into the clinical assessment of male infertility. (basicmedicalkey.com)
A homozygous RNF220 mutation leads to male infertility with small-headed sperm. (nih.gov)

It is now well documented that DNA damage in sperm is linked to reproductive failures both in natural and assisted conception [ 8 , 9 ] and is a major cause of defective sperm function and couples opting for assisted conception. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Without this, the patient cells lost in PD could be replaced by grafted community is left trying to interpret complex scien- immature human dopaminergic neurons [3, 5]. (lu.se)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)

Conversely, disrupting the interactions of the complex decreases cell proliferation. (omicsdi.org)
Progesterone decreases endometrial proliferation and develops secretory endometrium. (medscape.com)
Progesterone causes the endocervical glands to secrete a scant viscid material that decreases penetration of the cervix by sperm. (medscape.com)

Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
Sperm cells are remarkably complex and highly specialized cells as compared to somatic cells. (basicmedicalkey.com)

As the name suggests, these cells behave like primordial germ cells, which are responsible for producing sperm and oocytes. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)

When a single uSPG divides, it can sometimes produce paired daughter cells that remain connected after mitosis. (elifesciences.org)

Teratomas (from Greek teras, meaning "monster," and - oma, a suffix denoting a tumor or neoplasm) and other germ cell tumors are relatively common solid neoplasms in children. (medscape.com)
These tumors are grouped together because they all appear to arise from postmeiotic germ cells. (medscape.com)
In 1965, Teilum first suggested the germ cell origin of gonadal tumors. (medscape.com)

Sperm DNA damage is also the underlying etiology of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy losses, idiopathic recurrent congenital malformations and even childhood cancers [ 10 , 11 ]. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Germ cell chromatin is vastly different from that of other cells. (i-sis.org.uk)

When couples are infertile, the man should always be evaluated for sperm disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
ABSTRACT Anti-zona-pellucida autoantibodies (AZP-Ab) and anti-sperm isoantibodies (ASA) were as- sessed in the cervical secretions from 73 infertile Jordanian women and 41 fertile control women using latex agglutination. (who.int)

This issue is of particular relevance since changes in NO release could play an important role in endothelial function maintenance, in addition to regulating proliferation of smooth muscle cells, leukocyte adhesion, platelet aggregation, angiogenesis, thrombosis, vascular tone, and hemodynamics. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy43

Organisms19

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs82

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Phenomena and Processes66

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Differentiation8

Testicular20

Proteins9

Maturation3

Spermatogenesis14

Motility4

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Inj2

Cancer cell proliferation2

Spermatogonial2

Genes8

Testes3

Vitro6

Oxidative stress4

Haploid2

Epithelial8

Inhibit1

Mesenchymal stem1

Pathway5

Fertility3

Fertilization10

Viability2

Occurs4

Embryonic9

Eggs2

Morphology1

Developmental1

Antibodies3

Uterine3

Abnormalities2

Epididymal1

Migration3

Lower sperm6

Malignant1

Abnormal2

Tissue4

Occur2

MRNA1

Membrane4

Cellular3

Epididymis2

Mammalian2

Meiotic1

Testis1

Granulosa cells5

20222

Regulates3

Fragmentation2

Development7

Mitochondrial2

Genome1

Degradation1

Regulation1

Stem cell10

SSCs5

Male infertility2

Reproductive1

Immature2

Decreases3

Somatic3

Primordial germ1

Mitosis1

Tumors3

Etiology1

Chromatin1

Infertile2

Leukocyte1