• This test guideline is a laboratory test method, designed to assess the acute oral toxicity of pesticides and other chemicals to adult worker bumblebees. (oecd.org)
  • In an acute oral toxicity study, 5 rats per sex were given a single oral dose of undiluted n-pentane (pure) at a dose of 2000 mg/kg (3.33 ml/kg) and were observed for 14 days. (europa.eu)
  • MRD 77 -11 was administered via oral gavage to ten albino Wistar rats (5 males and 5 females) at a dose of 15.0 g/kg to assess the acute oral toxicity. (europa.eu)
  • Acute systemic toxicity tests identify short-term toxic effects that appear soon after a substance is swallowed (oral toxicity tests), absorbed through the skin (dermal toxicity tests), or inhaled (inhalation toxicity tests). (aqua-sci.com)
  • The LC50 (96h) was above 1000 mg/L test substance (nominal concentration) for several fish species. (europa.eu)
  • The most convenient and direct method for measuring toxic effects of chemicals on organisms is the acute LC50 test. (wichita.edu)
  • Standardised acute toxicity tests were performed with tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), on earthworm (OECD 207) and three different plant species (OECD 208) giving an 14d-LC50 of 544 mg/kg dry soil and a 21d-ER50 = 46.8 mg/kg dry soil (corresponding to 165.75 mg/kg after organic carbon normalisation), res pectively. (europa.eu)
  • No signs of systemic toxicity were noted, and at necropsy. (europa.eu)
  • There were no mortalities or consistent signs of systemic toxicity through the 14 days with no abnormalities noted at necropsy. (europa.eu)
  • These findings suggest quantitative considerations for building scientific confidence in NAM-based systemic toxicity predictions. (nih.gov)
  • If appropriate, data from acute systemic toxicity tests are used to develop warning labels, protective packaging, occupational personal protective equipment requirements, and environmental release limits. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Hazard expresses the inherent, environmentally harmful characteristics of a pharmaceutical substance, such as resistance to degradation (persistence), ability to accumulate in adipose tissue (bioaccumulation), and its toxicity to aquatic organisms (toxicity). (janusinfo.se)
  • Volume 7 of the Series compiles the OECD consensus documents for use in environmental risk assessment of transgenic organisms (biosafety) issued in 2016 and 2017. (oecd.org)
  • The first two chapters cover the biology of plant species (sorghum and tomato) and include elements of taxonomy, centres of origin, reproductive biology, genetics, outcrossing, crop production and cultivation practices, interactions with other organisms, main pests and pathogens, and biotechnological developments. (oecd.org)
  • This Test Guideline describes a method to assess effects of a test chemical on the phagocytotic activity of activated sludge containing protozoan organisms under defined conditions in the presence of different concentrations of the test chemical. (oecd.org)
  • Toxicity tests are most frequently conducted on organisms derived from laboratory cultures that have been reared for many generations following standardized protocols. (wichita.edu)
  • However, as some effects were measured on invertebrates and plants further testing is proposed on soil micro-organisms (OECD 216) in order to cover different habitats and feeding modes in the soil as well as taxonomic groups. (europa.eu)
  • The substance met the ecological categorization criteria for persistence, but did not meet the ecological categorization criteria for bioaccumulation potential or inherent toxicity to aquatic organisms. (gc.ca)
  • Additionally, the uptake of particles into the test organisms was investigated using microscopic methods. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • Ecotoxicity testing refers both to the assessment of chemical effects on fish, birds, or other wild organisms and the testing of soil, sediment, or effluents for the presence of toxic compounds. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Results of aquatic chronic toxicity tests can be used to determine water quality guidelines and regulations for protection of aquatic organisms. (aqua-sci.com)
  • These bioassays provide qualitative and quantitative data on adverse effects from chemicals or environmental pollutants on living organisms in acute and chronic toxicity tests. (microbiotests.com)
  • Many of these test species are identical to the test organisms used in standardised toxicity tests. (microbiotests.com)
  • Ecotoxicity tests are bioassays performed to determine if either a potentially toxic compound or an environmental sample (e.g. effluent, leachate, sedimend or soil sample) causes a biologically important response in test organisms (test biota). (microbiotests.com)
  • The intensive culturing of aquatic test organisms and the production of dormant eggs or immobilised test species is one of the key activities and expertise of Microbiotests. (microbiotests.com)
  • All test organisms are cultured in-house under strictly controlled conditions resulting in standardised organisms for reliable toxicity testing and research. (microbiotests.com)
  • Therefore, before any pesticide can be used commercially, several tests are conducted that determine whether a pesticide has any potential to cause adverse effects on humans and wildlife, including endangered species and other non-target organisms, or potential to contaminate surface waters and groundwater from leaching, runoff, and spray drift. (advinus.com)
  • These tests define the product chemistry, risks to humans and domestic animals, the environmental fate of the pesticide, and the impact on non-target organisms. (advinus.com)
  • Acute toxicity looks at lethal effects following oral, dermal or inhalation exposure. (aqua-sci.com)
  • In order to evaluate the possibility of using these chronic endpoints and to verify if those environmental concentrations of atrazine are ecologically relevant, compromising reproductive aspects, FET test using Danio rerio were performed to assess lethal concentrations, sublethal concentrations and vitellogenin quantification after atrazine exposure. (ipen.br)
  • Potential effects of Carbo-Iron on embryonic, juvenile and adult life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the amphipod Hyalella azteca were investigated in acute and chronic tests. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • Chronic toxicity describes the adverse effects of a substance from long-term exposure. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Chronic toxicity, the development of adverse effects as a result of long term exposure to a contaminant or other stressor, is an important aspect of aquatic toxicology. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Adverse effects associated with chronic toxicity can be directly lethal but are more commonly sublethal, including changes in growth, reproduction, or behavior. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Chronic toxicity is in contrast to acute toxicity, which occurs over a shorter period of time to higher concentrations. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Various toxicity tests can be performed to assess the chronic toxicity of different contaminants, and usually last at least 10% of an organism's lifespan. (aqua-sci.com)
  • other: No signs of toxicity were noted during the study. (europa.eu)
  • The signs of toxicity observed were decreased motor activity, poor startle reaction, excessive micturition, decreased respiratory depth and rate, tail lashing and body tremor. (innspub.net)
  • The OECD welcomed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Guangdong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention and the OECD which will support China's efforts in chemicals regulation and policy making. (oecd.org)
  • Read more on the OECD work in developing and harmonising methods for assessing the exposure of chemicals to humans and the environment. (oecd.org)
  • To determine toxicity on embryonic stages of fish to different environmental chemicals and waste water, Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (FET) was designed using Danio rerio as model specie on this test, according to OECD 236 or ISO 15088 protocols, however these protocols observe only acute toxicity based on endpoints such as coagulated eggs, nondetachment of the tail, lack of heart beating and lack of somite formation. (ipen.br)
  • The test guideline is designed to replicate sewer conditions for a realistic simulation of the biodegradation potential for down the drain chemicals. (cler.com)
  • The TBTT compared the results from the TG223 validation studies to results from avian acute oral studies that have been previously submitted to the Agency for the two test chemicals following EPA's 850.2100 (public draft) guidelines. (epa.gov)
  • Other activities carried out by the IPCS include the development of know-how for coping with chemical accidents, coordination of laboratory testing and epidemiological studies, and promotion of research on the mechanisms of the biological action of chemicals. (inchem.org)
  • We offer regulatory solutions related to non-clinical testing of pharmaceutical/biotechnology products, vaccines, cosmetic products, veterinary drugs as well as food additives, feed additives, industrial chemicals and medical devices. (cadilapharma.com)
  • In this regard, it is expected that testing methods using D. magna are suitable for screening and risk assessment of chemicals with juvenile-hormone disrupting effects. (springer.com)
  • ACuteTox set the very ambitious overall objective of developing an in vitro test strategy sufficiently robust and powerful to completely replace in vivo testing of acute toxicity of chemicals. (enhesa.com)
  • The main objectives of the project included the compilation, evaluation and generation of high quality in vitro and in vivo data on a set of reference chemicals for comparative analyses, and the identification of factors that influence the correlation between in vitro (concentration) and in vivo (dose) toxicity, particularly taking into consideration biokinetics, metabolism and organ toxicity (liver, central nervous system, kidney). (enhesa.com)
  • Using mortality data, an estimate of the acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material was made. (europa.eu)
  • Some abnormalities can be recorded after the exposure on FET test but they are not considered as endpoint, neither any other compromised biomarker by EDC action. (ipen.br)
  • Data will be analyzed and compared with the environmental concentration of atrazine to stablish the potential application of vitellogenin as endpoint on FET test. (ipen.br)
  • When toxicity data are present for a given endpoint, a weighted score based on that health endpoint is assigned. (cdc.gov)
  • Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. (wikipedia.org)
  • The terms animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, in vivo testing, and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluation of silver nanoparticles stabilized with gum arabic. (ipen.br)
  • Animal testing , also known as animal experimentation , animal research , and in vivo testing , is the use of non-human animals in experiments (although some research about animals involves only natural behaviors or pure observation, such as a mouse running a maze or field studies of chimp troops ). (wmflabs.org)
  • Combined with in vivo mutagenicity testing on the worst-case substance (4,4'-MDI) and hypothesized MoA, this complete data-set will confirm the lack of mutagenic potential for the entire MDI Substance category. (europa.eu)
  • Biodegradation is determined according to OECD test method guidelines. (givaudan.com)
  • 60% in a ready biodegradation test within 28 days and passing the 10 day window criterion following OECD 301, 310 and equivalent ISO guidelines. (givaudan.com)
  • Cyanobacteria , blue-green algae, are recommended for effects testing of antimicrobials in environmental risk assessments according to the European guidelines for risk assessment of medicinal products for human use (EMEA/CHMP/SWP/4447/00 corr 2). (janusinfo.se)
  • Since none of the studies was performed according to the most recent guidelines, a Weight of Evidence approach was used for the evaluation of short-term toxicity to fish. (europa.eu)
  • None of them followed the standard guidelines for short-term toxicity testing to fish (e. g. (europa.eu)
  • Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results. (europa.eu)
  • This study is classified as reliable with restrictions because while there is no statement regarding whether this study was conducted according to GLP or equivalent, the study adhered to the principles outlines in OECD 423 guidelines. (europa.eu)
  • OECD Test Guidelines: Test guidelines published by the Organization for EconomicCooperation and Development (OECD). (adrbook.com)
  • In general, it has been agreed that freshwater and marine species toxicity data can be considered as equivalent data and are preferably to be derived using OECD Test Guidelines or equivalent according to the principles of Good Laboratory Practices (GLP). (adrbook.com)
  • Data generated according to the OECD Test Guidelines 210 (Fish Early Life Stage) or 211 (Daphnia Reproduction) and 201 (Algal Growth Inhibition) may be accepted. (adrbook.com)
  • Toxicological observations were completed for 14 days according to the guidelines set by OECD. (innspub.net)
  • Unlike in the 850.2100 guidelines, TG223 does not specify that the highest dose tested in the "limit dose test" needs to be at least as high as the environmentally relevant concentration. (epa.gov)
  • Our GMP GLP-certified laboratory offers regulatory research in toxicology, mutagenicity and supporting analytical studies following national/international test guidelines i.e. (cadilapharma.com)
  • Every single batch of test biota is subject to thorough internal quality control screenings and reference tests according to international standards and guidelines to guarantee the biological quality and viability of the test species. (microbiotests.com)
  • Microbiotests provides following aquatic and terrestrial test biota as described in International Standards and Guidelines for environmental toxicity testing, chemical risk assessment and other research applications. (microbiotests.com)
  • 1 animal in each of the sighting dose levels, and 4 animals in the main test. (europa.eu)
  • Also, female rat kidney revealed acute tubular necrosis at highest dose used in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liver abnormalities such as calcification along the portal tract and focal periportal necrosis in the liver of mice treated with 5000 mg/kg anthocyanin while periportal degenerative change (focal and extensive) manifested by loss of cytoplasmic eosinophilia in mice administered with polyphenol at the same dose level confirm their toxicity. (innspub.net)
  • None of the protocol variables such as test type, skin patch size, sample size, or dose applied were associated with high or low variability. (nih.gov)
  • This guidance addresses how to classify studies that were conducted using the OECD test guideline 223 - Acute Avian Oral Sequential Dose Study and is effective immediately. (epa.gov)
  • In the hot plate test, only the dose of 100 mg/kg of (-)-linalool resulted in a significant effect. (researchgate.net)
  • The LLNA assesses this proliferation as a dose- response in which the proliferation in test groups is compared to that in vehicle treated controls. (cdc.gov)
  • In the latter case, clearly specified quantitative benchmarks, such as median lethal doses (LD50s) for acute toxicity and no- observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs), or equivalent point of departure such as benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL), for STOT-RE, are used. (cdc.gov)
  • Toxicology testing became important in the 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toxicology, mutagenicity, analytical, batch release tests, and other non-clinical studies are just a few of the non-clinical studies for which we provide complete solutions for integrated drug development via PoC / efficacy. (cadilapharma.com)
  • [ 1 ] It includes pure research (such as genetics , developmental biology , and behavioral studies ) as well as applied research (such as biomedical research , xenotransplantation , drug testing, and toxicology tests , including cosmetics testing ). (wmflabs.org)
  • A standard Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) filter paper test was used to assess the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos, atrazine, cyanazine, and simazine to the earthworm Eisenia fetida. (wichita.edu)
  • Our free-standing greenhouses for seedling emergence and vegetative vigor tests and complete package of pollinator, earthworm and collembola acute and reproduction tests, provides a comprehensive set of capabilities to support new active ingredient testing, reregistration projects, and plant protection products / formulations. (smithersapex.com)
  • Mu X, LeBlanc GA (2002b) Developmental toxicity of testosterone in the crustacean Daphnia magna involves anti-ecdysteroidal activity. (springer.com)
  • Additional in vitro micronucleus studies (OECD 487) will be conducted on ALL category substance to assess potential effects on cytogenetics. (europa.eu)
  • Based on such evaluation it was concluded that the results of in vitro genotoxicity studies undertaken using solvents such as DMSO must be treated with caution as any positive response may very well be an artefact of the testing conditions caused by the breakdown of the isocyanate into the mutagenic amine. (europa.eu)
  • Acute toxicity via the dermal route was not tested. (europa.eu)
  • Unlike guinea pig tests the LLNA does not require that challenged-induced dermal hypersensitivity reactions be elicited. (cdc.gov)
  • Bioaccumulation is assessed on the partition coefficient (n-octanol/water), usually reported as log K ow (also log P ow ) where substances with log K ow ≥ 4.5 are assessed as having a high potential for bioaccumulation (OECD test 107 or 117). (janusinfo.se)
  • Hazard score (previously referred to as the PBT index) is used in Region Stockholm's knowledge support Pharmaceuticals and Environment and is the sum of the values for persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity for a substance where each characteristic is assigned a numerical value, 0-3. (janusinfo.se)
  • The basis, therefore, of the identification of hazard is the aquatic toxicity of the substance or mixture, although this may be modified by further information on the degradation and bioaccumulation behaviour. (adrbook.com)
  • Marine tests showed an inhibition of growth with the two different algal species (P. tricornutum and D. tertiolecta), an inhibition of bioluminescence in the bacterium A. fischeri, an alteration on the correct early development of the serpulid F. enigmaticus larvae and immobilization of the copepod A. tonsa individuals at both 24 and 48 hours of exposure. (easychair.org)
  • As far as reported, two tests were limit tests, whereas one test employed a range of exposure concentrations. (europa.eu)
  • Data evaluations included the relationship (if any were noted) between the animal's exposure to the test material and the incidence and severity of all abnormalities including behavioural and clinical observations, gross lesions, bodyweight changes, mortality and any other toxicological effects. (europa.eu)
  • 192) 1.Flame retardants - toxicity 2.Occupational exposure 3.Environmental exposure I.Series ISBN 92 4 157192 6 (NLM Classification: WA 250) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)
  • Acute toxicity describes the adverse effects of a substance that result from single exposure. (aqua-sci.com)
  • In fact, direct and/or indirect exposure to these components was proven to be harmful and eventually toxic to many invertebrate and vertebrate marine species. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Therefore, the risk assessment of the impact of pesticides on human health is not an easy and particularly accurate process because of differences in the periods and levels of exposure, the types of pesticides used (regarding toxicity and persistence). (advinus.com)
  • The Tier 2 process for occupational exposure banding also assesses the sufficiency of toxicity data to ensure that adequate information is available to reliably band a chemical. (cdc.gov)
  • At the beginning of the work on the present thesis, a sound assessment of the environmental risks of nanomaterials was impeded by a lack of guidance documents, resulting in many uncertainties on selection of suitable test methods and a low comparability of test results from different studies with similar nanomaterials. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • A predicted no effect concentration of 0.1 mg/L was derived from the ecotoxicity studies based on the no-effect level determined in the reproduction test with D. magna and an assessment factor of 10. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • OECD 203), although two tests were set up according to the EPA-660/3-75-009 -Methods for acute toxicity tests with fish, macroinvertebrates and amphibians. (europa.eu)
  • Macroinvertebrates respond to long-term conditions, and can, for example, be knocked out by an acute discharge, which is not captured by chemical sampling. (researchgate.net)
  • ASTM (1988) Standard guide for conducting acute toxicity tests with fishes, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians. (springer.com)
  • This OECD database allows regulatory officials and stakeholders to share information on products derived from the use of modern biotechnology, as well as some products with novel traits acquired by the use of conventional breeding or mutagenesis, that have been approved for commercial application in at least one country, in terms of food, feed or environmental safety. (oecd.org)
  • Because humans are the primary subject of interest for regulatory safety testing, it is advantageous to have human reference data available for evaluation of NAMs for assessing chemical safety. (nih.gov)
  • With its ease of handling in the laboratory, several testing methods using D. magna exist for regulatory toxicity testing. (springer.com)
  • As an example, the test biota are used to study whole effluent toxicity tests under national permit and regulatory frameworks. (microbiotests.com)
  • EC 50 (effect concentration) refers to the test concentration of a substance at which 50 % of the animals are estimated to be immobile/dead. (janusinfo.se)
  • Apart from one, all studies were carried out with the primary test substance containing 40 % hydrogenated terphenyls, the substance in the one study containing 30 % hydrogenated terphenyls. (europa.eu)
  • It should be noted that this fifth test was the only one that was not carried out with a test substance with only 30 % hydrogenated terphenyls. (europa.eu)
  • The registered substance is readily biodegradable and doesn't have a high potential to adsorb to soil therefore consideration of degradation products and long term testing according to Annex X does not appear scientifically justified. (europa.eu)
  • In addition, the acute mammalian toxicity is low and there are no indications that the registered substance will pose a specific hazard to birds. (europa.eu)
  • Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. (aqua-sci.com)
  • The toxicity of a substance is not an inherent property but the detrimental manifestation of its biochemical effect in a living system. (aqua-sci.com)
  • The test substance is part of a category approach of methylenediphenyl diisocyanates (MDI) with existing data gaps filled according to ECHA guidance on Read Across (ECHA, 2017). (europa.eu)
  • The ratio of the proliferation in treated groups to that in vehicular controls, termed the Stimulation Index, is determined, and must be at least three before a test substance can be further evaluated as a potential skin sensitiser. (cdc.gov)
  • Kusk OK, Wollenberger L (2006) Towards an internationally harmonised test method for reproductive and developmental effects of endocrine disrupters in marine copepods. (springer.com)
  • an algal species 72 or 96 hour EC50 (OECD Test Guideline 201 or equivalent). (adrbook.com)
  • WHO is not responsible, and does not accept any liability, for the testing of pesticides for compliance with the specifications, nor for any methods recommended and/or used for testing compliance. (who.int)
  • This study is classified as reliable without restriction because it is in compliance with OECD principles of GLP and E.U. Council Decision on GLP. (europa.eu)
  • We will normally collect personal information from you only where we have your consent to do so, where we need the personal information to perform a contract with you, provide content or a service you have requested, or where the processing is in our legitimate interests to promote the testing, consulting, information, and compliance services and/or products offered by Smithers. (smithersapex.com)
  • The obtained ecotoxicity data were complemented by studies with the waterflea Daphnia magna, the algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus, larvae of the insect species Chironomus riparius and nitrifying soil microorganisms. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • Evident toxicity is defined as the toxic effects which are of a severity such that administration at the next highest level could result in mortality. (europa.eu)
  • As stated in TG223 , species with low background mortality and a low propensity to regurgitate are preferred. (epa.gov)
  • Japanese quail) if low background mortality has been demonstrated for the species in the testing laboratory [ i.e., background mortality is ≤ 1 % (OECD 2010)] and regurgitation does not occur during the study. (epa.gov)
  • If the time until starting the next stage needs to be extended beyond three days due to delayed mortality (or effects), that can create situations where birds involved in the testing are weeks apart in age and may be even from different hatches. (epa.gov)
  • Toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of quercetin, a natural component of foods. (innspub.net)
  • Scientists with CPSC , FDA , and NIEHS and collaborators compiled such a data set for human skin sensitization potential by collecting data from the scientific literature for human predictive patch tests that used the human maximization or human repeated insult patch test protocols. (nih.gov)
  • Freshwater tests showed again an inhibition of the bioluminescence with A. fischeri together with a significant stimulation of radical apparatus elongation in two different superior plants (C. sativus and L. sativum), while S. saccharatum showed no statistically significant differences with controls, even if a biostimulation was again registered. (easychair.org)
  • According to OECD Alga growth inhibition test, effect of copper on 5 species of familiarmicroalgae was tested, and species of Cyanophyta showed much higher sensitivity to copper than species of Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta. (ihb.ac.cn)
  • After conducting new experimental studies on fish and aquatic invertebrates and using sensitive analytical techniques, the authors were able to develop updated acute Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) for LAS. (cler.com)
  • How Toxicity Testing complements traditional chemical analytical testing? (aqua-sci.com)
  • They should include the identity and physical and chemical properties of the active ingredient and formulated product, analytical methods, human and environmental toxicity, proposed label and uses, safety data sheets, efficacy for the intended use as well as residues resulting from the use of the pesticide product, container management, and waste product disposal. (advinus.com)
  • Linalool is a monoterpene compound commonly found as a major component of the essential oils of several aromatic plant species, many of which are used in traditional medical systems as analgesic and anti-inflammatory remedies. (researchgate.net)
  • Developed and maintained by the American Herbal Products Association (AHPA), the AHPA Botanical Identity References Compendium is a centralized source of information on physical characteristics and test methods that can be used to determine the identity of plant species and articles of trade obtained from these plants. (enhesa.com)
  • Adult worker bumblebees are exposed to 50 % (w/v) aqueous sucrose solution containing the test chemical. (oecd.org)
  • It is the NCO value (driven by the bioaccessible NCO groups on relatively soluble mMDI and low molecular weight species ( e.g. three-ring oligomer) which is responsible for chemical and physiological reactivity and subsequent toxicological profile. (europa.eu)
  • Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (FET) to evaluate atrazine effects. (ipen.br)
  • Our Pre-Clinical unit is an OECD GLP-certified, CPCSEA-registered, and FDCA-approved laboratory, which operates as Contract Research Organization (CRO) and Public Testing Laboratory. (cadilapharma.com)
  • Our Public testing laboratory offers testing of drugs specified in schedule C & C(1) - parenteral preparation for Pyrogen & Toxicity Testing. (cadilapharma.com)
  • The experiment was carried out in albino rats of the species Rattus norvegicus of either sex weighing 100-200 gms. (ijpsr.com)
  • This volume also highlights the latest research into the fate, aquatic toxicity and environmental safety of LAS. (cler.com)
  • Acceptable, well-documented study report equivalent or similar to OECD guideline 403 : GLP. (europa.eu)
  • While data from internationally harmonised test methods are preferred, in practice, data from national methods may also be used where they are considered as equivalent. (adrbook.com)
  • 2017) used OECD 314A guideline studies to determine the rate and pathways of biodegradation for several surfactants. (cler.com)
  • This research work was carried out to analyse and evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Hypericum Japonicum (MEHJ) and in-silico molecular docking of selected phytoconstitutents with cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) enzyme along with absorption (A), distribution (D), metabolism (M), excretion (E) and toxicity (T) studies. (ashdin.com)
  • Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) studies were examined by Swiss ADME software. (ashdin.com)
  • Aquatic and terrestrial test biota are used worldwide in ecotoxicological studies. (microbiotests.com)
  • While broad coverage of MDI Category substances is availalbe for bacterial gene mutation, additional OECD 471 studies will be conducted on all remaining data-gaps to complete the data set. (europa.eu)
  • Numerous other category substances have been tested in high quality bacterial mutagenicity studies are negative and includes (often multiple) representatives from all MDI subgroups. (europa.eu)
  • In addition, it should be noted that the mild/moderate sensitisers, which are recommended as suitable positive control substances for guinea pig test methods, are also appropriate for use with the LLNA (6)(8)(9). (cdc.gov)
  • The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some questions of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). (aqua-sci.com)
  • 70% in an inherent biodegradability test e.g. (givaudan.com)
  • Avenzoar, a 12th-century Arabic physician in Moorish Spain introduced an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • While the method was invented to separate neutral species, it can also be applied to charged molecules such as small peptides. (lookformedical.com)
  • This well-known method of detecting acute toxicity offers an accurate and repeatable test. (aqua-sci.com)
  • Two other assays were performed with freshwater crustaceans, T. platyurus and D. magna, underlining no significant differences with controls with both species. (easychair.org)
  • Daphnia magna reproduction test. (springer.com)
  • ASTM (2004) Standard guide for conducting Daphnia magna life-cycle toxicity tests. (springer.com)
  • Therefore, decision trees were developed as a tool to systematically decide on ecotoxicity test procedures for nanomaterials. (hbz-nrw.de)
  • In all cases, nominal test concentrations were reported. (europa.eu)
  • A comparison of the results shows that, although the tests were (as far as known) conducted under static conditions and no data on measured test concentrations are available, hydrogenated terphenyl is not acutely toxic to fish at concentrations well above its water solubility. (europa.eu)
  • The data collection identified 2,255 tests that were deemed to be sufficiently reliable for the analysis, including reports for 232 substances with at least two test results. (nih.gov)
  • Up to date, there are no available data about the toxicity of the fruit extract, anthocyanins and polyphenols from D. philippinensis fruits. (innspub.net)
  • Considering the robustness of the new data, improved normalization of toxicity data for commercial mixtures and an improved Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) were possible. (cler.com)
  • Rank 1 sources are those that are most likely to contain accurate and readily available toxicity data. (cdc.gov)
  • The toxicity information for some of the health effects listed above may be categorical in nature (presence/absence of genotoxicity or skin irritation, for example) while other outcomes are expressed through quantitative information and/or potency data. (cdc.gov)
  • Smithers is one of the first laboratories to introduce reproduction tests with the red manure worm, Eisenia fetida . (smithersapex.com)
  • The test item was freshly formulated at a concentration of 200 mg/mL in the vehicle, in the Central Dispensary Unit of CiToxLAB Hungary Ltd. on the day of administration. (europa.eu)
  • NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration): the test concentration immediately below the lowesttested concentration with statistically significant adverse effect. (adrbook.com)
  • The other UV filters tested showed no adverse effect on coral symbionts or animal tissue up to the concentration corresponding to their water solubility limit (and even above). (springer.com)
  • The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) Wiki serves as the primary repository of qualitative information for the international AOP development effort coordinated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (enhesa.com)
  • The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of CB leachates on target species with two batteries of marine and freshwater ecotoxicological bioassays. (easychair.org)
  • The test biota are not provided as living cultures as such, but as dormant or immobilised test species that can be stored for months and activated (= hatched, de-immobilised or germinated) at the time of the performance of the ecotoxicological bioassays. (microbiotests.com)