• formerly Pasteurella pestis) is a gram-negative, non-motile, coccobacillus bacterium without spores that is related to both Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the pathogen from which Y. pestis evolved and responsible for the Far East scarlet-like fever. (wikipedia.org)
  • Y. pestis is a non-motile coccobacillus, a facultative anaerobic bacterium with bipolar staining (giving it a safety pin appearance) that produces an antiphagocytic slime layer. (wikipedia.org)
  • We applied the transformer species concept to the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis in western North America, where the pathogen was introduced around 1900. (usgs.gov)
  • Yersinia pestis is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • Let's delve into the signs, symptoms, and conditions associated with Yersinia Pestis- a bacterium that is known to trigger serious illnesses. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • The flea species is a known vector for the transmission of the plague bacterium, Yersinia pestis . (cdc.gov)
  • Vicki Kramer] Yes, this is the same disease, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis . (cdc.gov)
  • The black rat is famous for being the carrier of Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that transmits the bubonic plague or black plague. (malaga.es)
  • Plague is the common name for the bacterium Yersinia pestis . (howstuffworks.com)
  • Francisella tularensis, Bartonella bacilliformis, Bacteroides species, Vibrio cholerae and Campylobacte fetus, Brucella species (in conjunction with streptomycin). (rxlist.com)
  • In 2016, Dr. Orth and her colleagues used biophysics to characterize the structure of two proteins called VtrA and VtrC complex that work in concert in a bacterial species known as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. (news-medical.net)
  • The most well-known disease caused by Yersinia pestis is the Bubonic plague. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • Against the assumptions of historians and scientists for over a century and what continues to be inscribed in medical and history texts alike, the Black Death was not the same disease as that rat-based bubonic plague whose agent (Yersinia pestis) was first cultured at Hong Kong in 1894. (historycooperative.org)
  • When the researchers searched for proteins with similar structural features in other organisms, they found homologs for VtrC in several other enteric bacteria species responsible for human disease, including Yersinia pestis (which causes the bubonic plague) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (which causes a tropical infection called melioidosis). (news-medical.net)
  • The lab also looked at variations of the gene Pla and discovered that a single modification only found in modern strains of Y. pestis was a critical adaptation for the bacteria to spread in the body and infect the lymph nodes, a form of the infection that causes bubonic plague. (phys.org)
  • According to Lathem, the surprising conclusion from this aspect of the study is that, contrary to current thinking in the field, Y. pestis may have first evolved as a respiratory pathogen before it could cause the more common form of disease, bubonic plague. (phys.org)
  • citation needed] Several complete genome sequences are available for various strains and subspecies of Y. pestis: strain KIM (of biovar Y. p. medievalis), and strain CO92 (of biovar Y. p. orientalis, obtained from a clinical isolate in the United States). (wikipedia.org)
  • To aid in the development of detection assays and aid further phylogenetic elucidation, we sequenced and assembled the complete genomes of 32 strains (across 9 Yersinia species). (nau.edu)
  • We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. (asm.org)
  • The results presented here clearly demonstrate the differences between the two biovar antiqua lineages and support the notion that grouping Y. pestis strains based strictly on the classical definition of biovars (predicated upon two biochemical assays) does not accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships within this species. (asm.org)
  • A comparison of four virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the genetic basis of virulence to humans. (asm.org)
  • Y. pestis strains have historically been classified according to their ability to utilize glycerol and reduce nitrate and have been grouped into three main subtypes or biovars: antiqua, medievalis, and orientalis. (asm.org)
  • The team headed to Madagascar to boost diagnostic capabilities in the field, and they worked with colleagues from the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar to characterize the Yersinia pestis strains responsible for the outbreak. (pasteur.fr)
  • The team examined ancestral strains of the bacteria in mouse models to learn when Y. pestis gained the ability to infect the lungs and cause the severe form of the disease known as pneumonic plague . (phys.org)
  • In the most ancestral of all currently existing Y. pestis strains, they showed how the bacteria could successfully colonize the lungs but could not cause the severe disease associated with pneumonic plague. (phys.org)
  • They found the newly mutated strain had gained the ability to cause respiratory infection identically to modern strains of Y. pestis that cause disease today, demonstrating that the Pla gene was necessary for Y. pestis to infect the lungs. (phys.org)
  • It is very important to have the genome sequenced for Y. pestis because this organism is capable of causing very fatal diseases. (kenyon.edu)
  • Having the genome sequenced also means that they are able to determine other species that are related to yersinia pestis which can prevent future outbreaks. (kenyon.edu)
  • In our case we found that the alteration in the expression of glgS, which is only present in the group of enterobacteria ( , species of the Salmonella genus, Yersinia pestis, etc.), has an effect on the production of structures involved in bacterial pathogenicity which, indirectly, affects the capacity to produce glycol gen. (europa.eu)
  • pFra codes for a phospholipase D that is important for the ability of Y. pestis to be transmitted by fleas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yersinia pestis is maintained in the environment in a natural cycle between susceptible rodent species and their associated fleas. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Fleas were infected with a mutant strain of Y. pestis containing a non-functional ymt that was shown previously to be incapable of colonizing the midgut and were then allowed to feed on SKH-1 mice 3 days p.i. (bvsalud.org)
  • This researcher, who is of Iranian origin, has studied the mechanism of the action of the glgS gene in bacteria and in various Salmonella species, which in certain cases can cause diseases and acute symptoms in humans. (europa.eu)
  • Yersinia pestis was discovered in Hong Kong in 1894 by a Swiss physician Alexandre Yersin, who was a student of the Pasteur school of thought. (kenyon.edu)
  • Y. pestis was discovered in 1894 by Alexandre Yersin, a Swiss/French physician and bacteriologist from the Pasteur Institute, during an epidemic of the plague in Hong Kong. (wikipedia.org)
  • They use similar documentation to argue that individuals were well-versed in symptoms of the plague and recognized it immediately when it showed up in a village, but they then discount this recognition when it comes to the actual discovery of the putative causative agent of the plague, Y. pestis , in 1894, or even to the 1720 Marseille outbreak I mentioned in the previous post. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella species, Acinetobacter species, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), Klebsiella species (respiratory and urinary infections). (rxlist.com)
  • Rarely, other bacteria, including Proteus species, Escherichia coli , and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, have been implicated in similar lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Minocycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by the following: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes,Shigella species, Acinetobacter species, Respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenza, Respiratory tract and urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella species, Upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumonia, Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. (mlivehosted.com)
  • Others like Yersinia pestis and Escherichia coli are parasitic and cause disease in human beings. (microscopemaster.com)
  • Yersinia pestis is a rod shaped gram-negative bacteria that can also have a spherical shape. (kenyon.edu)
  • Antibodies to Y. enterocolitica were raised for rapid Yersinia detection in the stool. (who.int)
  • Des anticorps anti-Y enterocolitica ont été cultivés afin de permettre la détection rapide de Yersinia dans les selles. (who.int)
  • Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of bubonic and pneumonic plagues, has undergone detailed study at the molecular level. (asm.org)
  • The causative agent, Yersinia pestis , primarily infects a wide range of rodents and is transmitted via flea vectors. (asm.org)
  • Costa Rica alone has over 800 bird species, more than the combined number of species in North America and Europe! (pasteur.fr)
  • Did Yersinia pestis really cause Black Plague? (scienceblogs.com)
  • Far from being simply the tale of those sad days when the Black Plague scattered death and disease over Europe, "Yersinia Pestis" is above all an observation on the caducity of life and the misery of humankind. (8merch.com)
  • Sarah Gregory] So, what are the different types of plagues--you mentioned Yersinia pestis -- and do they have different kinds of symptoms or what? (cdc.gov)
  • The major defense against Y pestis infection is the development of specific anti-envelope (F1) antibodies, which serve as opsonins for the virulent organisms, allowing their rapid phagocytosis and destruction while still within the initial infectious locus. (kenyon.edu)
  • International travelers to a plague-endemic area (areas reported to have an ongoing plague problem) are generally at low risk for infection for Y. pestis. (blessedquietness.com)
  • This regurgitation spreads Yersinia pestis into the new host - and thus begins infection. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • In a paper published in Nature Communications , Lathem and first author Daniel Zimbler, Ph.D., a Feinberg post-doctoral fellow, demonstrated how the acquisition of a single gene caused the shift of Y. pestis from causing a primarily gastrointestinal infection to a more serious and often fatal respiratory disease. (phys.org)
  • Lathem proposed that the bacteria's acquisition of the gene Pla enhanced its ability to cause infection in the lungs and was all that this ancestral strain of Y. pestis needed to produce a fatal lung infection. (phys.org)
  • In 2017, Javier became Head of the Yersinia Unit and the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Plague, where his teams work on bubonic and pneumonic plague. (pasteur.fr)
  • Yesterday I introduced criticisms that have been raised against Y. pestis causation of the Black Death and subsequent plague outbreaks. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Lathem said the new research may explain how Y. pestis transitioned from causing only localized outbreaks of plague to the pandemic spread of Y. pestis such as the sixth century's Justinian Plague and the fourteenth century's Black Death. (phys.org)
  • While studying Yersinia pestis , the bacteria responsible for epidemics of plague such as the Black Death, Wyndham Lathem, Ph.D., assistant professor in microbiology-immunology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, found a single small genetic change that fundamentally influenced the evolution of the deadly pathogen, and thus the course of human history. (phys.org)
  • Yersinia murine toxin is not required for early-phase transmission of Yersinia pestis by Oropsylla montana (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) or Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). (bvsalud.org)
  • Within the blocked flea model, Yersinia murine toxin (Ymt) has been shown to be important for facilitating colonization of the midgut within the flea . (bvsalud.org)
  • ABSTRACT All 250 children presenting with diarrhoea at 2 teaching hospitals in Mosul, Iraq over a 9-month period were studied for the presence of Yersinia spp. (who.int)
  • Yersinia pestis has three sub species in which only two have been sequenced, strain KIM and strain CO92. (kenyon.edu)
  • citation needed] A comprehensive and comparative proteomics analysis of Y. pestis strain KIM was performed in 2006. (wikipedia.org)
  • The phylogeny of Enterobacteriales species is largely based on the 16S rRNA gene. (microscopemaster.com)
  • Vicki Kramer] The natural hosts, or reservoirs, of plague are a variety of rodent species. (cdc.gov)
  • During the initial evaluations, we assessed the presence and abundance of rodent species that we know are associated with plague in California. (cdc.gov)
  • Plague within a rodent species can potentially cross into the human population, most often through flea bites . (howstuffworks.com)
  • Two key bridging vectors of Y. pestis to humans , Oropsylla montana ( Siphonaptera Ceratophyllidae) or Xenopsylla cheopis ( Siphonaptera Pulicidae), were used in our study to test this hypothesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many novel sRNAs were identified from Y. pestis grown in vitro and in the infected lungs of mice suggesting they play role in bacterial physiology or pathogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plague is a sudden and sometimes fatal bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis . (merckvetmanual.com)
  • The findings, published in PNAS, offer a new way of identifying the role of genes in unrelated species and could lead to new ways to fight intestinal bacterial infections. (news-medical.net)
  • Bacterial structures and cells that are too small to be observed under a light microscope, are thickened due to the impregnation with silver salts on their surface, making them apparent, e.g., for demonstration of flagella of bacterial species and Spirochetes. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Wet mount techniques are employed to stain flagella of bacterial species It is easy and beneficial when the quantity and configuration of flagella is essential to identify the species of motile bacteria. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Although human disease is rare, Y. pestis is dangerous and highly infectious and thus has been identified as having potential for use in bioterrorism or as a biological weapon. (asm.org)
  • As a biologist, I am fascinated by the complexity and diversity of biological organisms, and one such organism that piques my curiosity is Yersinia pestis. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • Our findings demonstrate how Y. pestis had the ability to cause a severe respiratory disease very early in its evolution. (phys.org)
  • Yersiniosis is a rare disease in Muslim of Yersinia from the stool samples only to countries due to the scarcity of pork con- determine the highest possible number of sumption. (who.int)
  • Yersinia pestis is a parasite of its host, the rat flea, which is also a parasite of rats, hence Y. pestis is a hyperparasite. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pseudomonas syringae and some Acinetobacter species) while others like Azotobacter can be found in soil or in association with plants. (microscopemaster.com)
  • Though they note that the time from appearance of symptoms to death averaged around 5 days (which fits in quite well with Y. pestis ), they argue that victims only became symptomatic after a long incubation period (~32 days) during which they were infectious but asymptomatic. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Instead, Yersinia pestis has more of an infectious pathway. (aboutdarwin.com)
  • 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3410-05-P DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service [Docket No. APHIS-2013-0020] Availability of an Environmental Assessment for Field Testing of a Yersinia Pestis Vaccine, Live Raccoon Poxvirus Vector Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. (justia.com)
  • AGENCY: We are advising the public that the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has prepared an environmental assessment concerning authorization to ship for the purpose of field testing, and then to field test, an unlicensed Yersinia Pestis Vaccine, Live Raccoon Poxvirus Vector. (justia.com)
  • While about 50 species in the group can cause diseases in human beings, many others exist as symbionts, commensals, and free-living species in various ecological niches. (microscopemaster.com)
  • Some of the species are parasitic and cause diseases in human beings and animals (e.g. (microscopemaster.com)