Small for gestational age regardless gestational age association between maternal maternal age. Medical search. Frequent questions

Maternal prepregnancy hemoglobin concentration has rarely been explored as a risk of poor birth outcomes. (nature.com)
Garn SM, Ridella SA, Petzold AS, Falkner F . Maternal hematologic levels and pregnancy outcomes. (nature.com)
While the observed associations between DDT and such outcomes might not be causal, the studies are not so flawed that the observations can be dismissed out of hand. (cdc.gov)
A health statistics review uses existing health data from data sources like birth certificates and health registries to determine whether health outcomes in a particular community are occurring at a higher, lower, or about the same level compared to statewide or national levels after taking into account factors such as gender and age of individuals within the community. (cdc.gov)
Although there was no evidence of associations found between SGA and the air pollutants mentioned in these studies, the results contribute to the body of literature assessing maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and adverse birth outcomes. (cdc.gov)
The secondary outcomes included incidence of large for gestational age (LGA) babies as defined by birth weight greater than the 90th percentile as well as incidence of SGA and LGA in preterm and term gestations. (thieme-connect.com)
As the evolving literature examining birth outcomes increasingly recognizes their multifactorial nature, Dr. Keiser seeks to understand the complex interactions between genetics, environmental context, maternal age and racial/ethnic background that drive both outcomes and disparities. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Background: Maternal sensitivity, or high quality maternal caregiving, in which the mother leads and structures the infant's early experiences in a responsive way, is associated with improved child development outcomes and health, both in the immediate and long term, and thus an important area of public health research. (columbia.edu)
Aim: This study investigates the association of several factors: (1) maternal depressive symptomology, (2) breastfeeding, (3) concurrent maternal alcohol intake and (4) infant biological vulnerability upon outcomes of (1) Maternal Sensitivity and (2) Infant Cognitive Development, as well as their effect on the association between senstivity and cognitive development. (columbia.edu)
Some studies have identified relationships between PFAS exposure and reproductive outcomes, although the evidence regarding the pathway and significance of associations is mixed. (biomedcentral.com)
Elevated levels of maternal cortisol have been hypothesized as the intermediate process between symptoms of depression and psychosocial stress during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
Therefore, we examined associations between cortisol levels in the second trimester of pregnancy and risks of three common birth outcomes in a nested case-control study. (researchsquare.com)
Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to assess the associations between continuous and categorized cortisol levels and the selected outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
The results of this study showed no suggestions of associations between maternal awakening cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, except for an increased risk of SGA. (researchsquare.com)
Common adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and small-for-gestational age (SGA), are associated with neonatal mortality and long-term health problems, including neurodevelopmental impairments, respiratory and gastrointestinal complications, and higher sympathetic activity, which is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease [1-4]. (researchsquare.com)
Previous research linked maternal psychosocial problems with increased risks of these birth outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood yet [5]. (researchsquare.com)
1 , 3 Excess weight at the beginning of pregnancy and excess gestational weight gain (GWG) have been associated with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes such as a large for gestational age (LGA) infant, cesarean delivery, or preterm birth. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
The prevalence of obesity continues to rise and its direct association with multiple co-morbidities has substantial effect on disease outcomes and increased health care spending. (napcrg.org)
The effects of routine supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes have not been investigated in the Middle East, where hypovitaminosis D is prevalent. (who.int)
Birth weight and related outcomes have profound influences on life cycle health, but the effect of maternal hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy on birth weight is still unclear. (lstmed.ac.uk)
Information on maternal socio-demographic status, health-related factors, antenatal visits, and neonatal birth outcomes were collected. (lstmed.ac.uk)
Understanding reasons for the improvements in smoking and physical activity may support the development of targeted interventions to reverse the trends and help prevent chronic disease and adverse reproductive outcomes among women in this age group. (cdc.gov)
Preventing and managing these risk factors and conditions in women of reproductive age may improve pregnancy outcomes and the overall health of women. (cdc.gov)
The surveillance of trends among women of reproductive age in indicators related to adverse birth outcomes and development of chronic disease can identify groups at increased risk and guide public health prevention and management efforts. (cdc.gov)
The unresolved "epidemiological paradox" concerns the association between low socioeconomic status and unexpectedly favourable birth outcomes in foreign born mothers. (bmj.com)
The "healthy migrant" effect concerns the association between foreign born status per se and birth outcomes. (bmj.com)
In this study we investigated whether these joint introductions of tobacco control policies in the Netherlands were associated with changes in key perinatal outcomes known to be associated with maternal smoking and/or SHS exposure. (nature.com)
We expected the association between greenness and birth outcomes to disappear once we accounted for other environmental exposures such as air pollution and noise. (thebump.com)
Several retrospective studies have shown an association between a short interpregnancy interval (IPI) and adverse maternal and newborn outcomes: low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), preterm birth, premature preterm rupture of membranes (PPROM), and maternal death [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A new paper in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a prenatal and early child home visiting program, did not improve birth outcomes for low-income mothers in South Carolina. (scienceblog.com)
The randomized evaluation measured maternal and newborn health as a composite outcome indicating whether a participant experienced any of the following adverse birth outcomes: preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age, or perinatal death. (scienceblog.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy can be considered as a risk factor for negative pregnancy outcomes (SGA). (ac.ir)
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been widely used in the treatment of infertility, and is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
We aimed to investigate the role of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) in the association between ART and adverse neonatal outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between ART, PIH, and adverse neonatal outcomes, expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). (biomedcentral.com)
The distribution-of-the-product was 0.31 (95%CI: 0.28-0.34), and 8.51% of the association between ART and adverse neonatal outcomes was mediated through PIH. (biomedcentral.com)
Among different adverse neonatal outcomes, PIH mediated 29.17% of the association between ART and low birth weight, 9.37% of the association between ART and premature birth, and 12.20% of the association between ART and NICU admission. (biomedcentral.com)
This study supports a mediating role for PIH in the association between ART and adverse neonatal outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
PIH is one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes during pregnancy, including gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia/eclampsia [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As part of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort study, maternal sociodemographic characteristics, food intake, lifestyle, information on vitamin D supplementation, and birth outcomes were prospectively collected. (medscape.com)
Epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: risk factors and associations with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. (medscidiscovery.com)
Objective: To assess whether functional maternal or fetal genotypes along well-characterized metabolic pathways (ie, CYP1A1, GSTT1, and CYP2A6) may account for varying associations with adverse outcomes among pregnant women who smoke. (uthscsa.edu)
Outcomes included birth weight, pregnancy loss, preterm birth, small for gestational age, and a composite outcome composed of the latter four components plus abruption. (uthscsa.edu)
Objective To evaluate the breadth, validity, and presence of biases of the associations of vitamin D with diverse outcomes. (bmj.com)
Ten outcomes were examined by both meta-analyses of observational studies and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials, but the direction of the effect and level of statistical significance was concordant only for birth weight (maternal vitamin D status or supplementation). (bmj.com)
Conclusions Despite a few hundred systematic reviews and meta-analyses, highly convincing evidence of a clear role of vitamin D does not exist for any outcome, but associations with a selection of outcomes are probable. (bmj.com)

Assuming that these associations are causal, we estimated the increase in infant deaths that might result from DDT spraying. (cdc.gov)
We attempted to estimate the consequences for infant deaths if maternal DDT exposure in fact increases preterm births and decreases the duration of lactation with the strength of association seen in North America. (cdc.gov)
If, on the other hand, the estimated increases in infant death rates are similar to or larger than the expected benefits, whether the association is causal matters a great deal, and further investigation is warranted, especially in areas where DDT is reintroduced. (cdc.gov)
Birth certificate data that contained information on maternal and infant characteristics were obtained from the Texas Department of State Health Services (TX DSHS). (cdc.gov)
In addition, she is using the Boston Birth Cohort to explore associations between maternal prenatal and perinatal exposures and the risk of infant necrotizing enterocolitis, and understand the extent to which these associations vary by race/ethnicity. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Are maternal depression, breastfeeding, maternal alcohol intake and infant biological vulnerability effect modifiers or confounders of the maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development association? (columbia.edu)
Although previous research has established that exposure to high maternal sensitivity advances the outcome of infant cognitive development, factors such as breastfeeding, which is hypothesized to confound the association, or depression, which is negatively associated with sensitivity, have not yet been examined together in a single study. (columbia.edu)
The majority of infant studies examining the maternal sensitivity-infant cognition association include either normal birth weight infants or LBW infant samples. (columbia.edu)
Univariate and multi-variable regression analyses were used to examine whether the four maternal factors were associated with Maternal Sensitivity, measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), and with Cognitive Development, measured by the Bayley Scale of Infant Development, Research Edition (BSF-R). (columbia.edu)
Conclusion: This research demonstrates that an independent association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development remains even after adjusting for breastfeeding, and that breastfeeding is a separate means to advancing infant cognitive development. (columbia.edu)
Several biological mechanisms have been proposed for linking elevated maternal cortisol levels to infant birth weight. (researchsquare.com)
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight, but evidence on critical exposure windows and timing of fetal growth restriction is limited. (plos.org)
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight. (plos.org)
The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends an IPI of at least 24 months to reduce infant and child mortality as well as to benefit maternal health [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The associations of parity and maternal age with small-for-gestational-age, preterm, and neonatal and infant mortality: a meta-analysis. (com.pk)

The most common definition of Intrauterine Growth Restrictio n (IUGR) is a fetal weight that is below the 10th percentile for gestational age as determined through an ultrasound . (americanpregnancy.org)
10th percentile for gestational age) in these populations are not expressions of fetal growth restriction, but are rather physiological or constitutional in origin [ 6 - 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A primary objective of the study was to determine whether potential risk factors identified for Tourette's in previous studies ― including maternal prenatal smoking and alcohol use, excessive vomiting during pregnancy, complications of delivery, low birth weight, and young gestational age at birth ― could be validated. (medscape.com)
Despite, or perhaps because of, heightened attention to the use of antidepressants during pregnancy over the past decade, the management of prenatal maternal depression has become increasingly controversial. (psychiatrictimes.com)
and (3) the impact of untreated maternal prenatal depression on the well-being of offspring. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Nurses tailored activities to clients' strengths, risks, and preferences using motivational interviews, educational tools, health assessments, and goal-setting related to prenatal health, child health and development, and maternal life course. (scienceblog.com)
A new study linked higher prenatal exposure to certain phthalates with reduced gray matter in children's brains by age 10. (neurosciencenews.com)
In 2020 and 2021, the Generation R Study reported that maternal prenatal urinary concentrations of phthalates were associated with lower non-verbal IQ at age 6 years. (neurosciencenews.com)

The USPSTF has made recommendations on screening for obesity in adults, screening for gestational diabetes mellitus, and behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with and without cardiovascular risk factors. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for gestational diabetes mellitus after 24 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)

Survival to adulthood was approximately 65% for infants born less than 32 weeks gestational age in a recent longitudinal study from Norway ( 5 ). (atsjournals.org)
who verified breastfeeding less than six months and the association between a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and greater chances of breastfeeding interruption 7 . (bvsalud.org)

Associations between ambient levels of combustion pollutants and small for gestational age infants in Texas. (cdc.gov)
There is scant evidence regarding the associations between ambient levels of combustion pollutants and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. (cdc.gov)
The main objective of the project presented was to determine associations between combustion pollutants and SGA infants in Texas using three different exposure assessments. (cdc.gov)
Using the LBW category may result in potential misclassification since this group combines at least two different phenomena and includes infants who have had either compromised gestational time as in the case of small for gestational age (SGA), or insufficient gestational time, as in the case of premature birth, or both. (columbia.edu)
However, none of these studies examine the association between sensitivity and cognitive outcome in infants exclusively premature or SGA. (columbia.edu)
Looking towards the regional and age differential in mortality, this paper attempts to provide evidence for the differential in mortality clustering among infants (aged 0-11 months), children (12-59 months) and under-five (0-59 months) period among mothers from the Empowered Action Group (EAG) and non-EAG regions of India. (biomedcentral.com)
It is widely accepted that maternal drug-exposed infants demonstrate excessive early weight loss, but this has not previously been quantified. (bmj.com)
And fewer infants from these areas were considered small for their gestational age. (thebump.com)
BPD is defined as oxygen dependence for at least 28 postnatal days for infants 32 weeks or greater postmenstrual age or oxygen dependence at 36 weeks postmenstrual age for infants born before 32 weeks ( 10 ). (atsjournals.org)
and 4) a NAT for HCV RNA is recommended for perinatally exposed infants and children aged 7-17 months who previously have not been tested, and a hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) test followed by a reflex NAT for HCV RNA (when anti-HCV is reactive) is recommended for perinatally exposed children aged ≥18 months who previously have not been tested. (cdc.gov)
Studies have estimated that chronic HCV infection will develop in 5.8%-7.2% of all perinatally exposed (i.e., exposed during pregnancy or delivery) infants and children ( 13 , 14 ), and curative direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy can be administered beginning at age 3 years ( 15 , 16 ). (cdc.gov)
Palliation should be performed to allow infants to reach the age and weight requirements for correction. (medscape.com)

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between birth weight for gestational age and weight gain trajectories in early childhood and long term incidence of multiple chronic conditions including cardiometabolic disease risk factors (as Types 1 & 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, adult obesity, and hyperlipidemia), Asthma and Polycystic ovarian Syndrom. (napcrg.org)
The Cumulative Incidence of different chronic diseases in this cohort by age 30 year are as follows: Hypertension 3.1%, Hyperlipidemia 4.2%, Types 1&2 Diabetes: 1.9%, Asthma 18.0%, PCOS 2.4% (among 4839 females). (napcrg.org)
Recent studies show increases in risk factors for heart disease, diabetes, and cancer in the general population (14-16), but only identified 1 study for women of reproductive age (17). (cdc.gov)
Ahluwalia et al highlighted worsening estimates for obesity, smoking, high blood pressure, and diabetes in prevalence estimates from 1991-1992 to 2000-2001 among women of reproductive age (17). (cdc.gov)
We recently reported associations between fetal imprinted genes represented as an allele score and both gestational diabetes and maternal glucose concentrations in late pregnancy [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)
Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
If maternal diabetes is longstanding or associated with known microvascular disease, obtain a baseline maternal electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram. (medscape.com)
Postpartum plasma C-peptide and ghrelin concentrations are predictive of type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus. (nbmrf.org.au)
The prediction of type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus using lipidomics. (nbmrf.org.au)
Taking zinc by mouth might help to improve blood sugar control by a small amount in people with diabetes. (medlineplus.gov)

Here, we use published data on the relationship between DDT spraying and levels in maternal serum and breast milk in Africa to estimate the increased exposure from spraying. (cdc.gov)
The relative risk of fetal exposure to maternal depression versus that of antidepressant medication remains poorly defined because of our reliance on a patchwork conglomeration of case series, pregnancy registries, and observational studies with inconsistent levels of control for potentially confounding exposures. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Through reducing maternal smoking and SHS exposure, tobacco control policies have considerable potential to benefit perinatal health. (nature.com)
Despite the mounting epidemiological evidence demonstrating an association between maternal DEHP exposure and increased risk for preterm birth, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
This exposure was also correlated with decreased IQ levels in the offspring at age 14. (neurosciencenews.com)
Despite small individual differences in brain volume and IQ, the widespread exposure to phthalates and lax regulations present a significant public health concern. (neurosciencenews.com)
Children whose mothers had a higher exposure to certain phthalates during pregnancy tend to show smaller total gray matter in their brains at age 10 . (neurosciencenews.com)
The study also found that maternal exposure to plasticizers during pregnancy is associated with lower child IQ at age 14, which confirmed the results of two previous study on the topic. (neurosciencenews.com)
Finally, the results showed an association between gestational exposure to plasticizers and smaller white matter volumes in girls. (neurosciencenews.com)
In other words: exposure to plasticizers before birth could lead to smaller total gray matter in childhood, which in turn could be related to a lower IQ. (neurosciencenews.com)

Univariate regression analyses showed that of the measures of biological vulnerability, premature birth had the greatest association with both sensitivity and cognitive development in comparison to the LBW or SGA. (columbia.edu)
No clear relation between offspring mortality, premature birth or being small for gestational age, and cardiac characteristics of the mother was identified. (bmj.com)

Methods: Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth (ECLS-B) Cohort, a nationally representative sample of U.S. born children, depressive symptomology was evaluated as an effect-modifier, and breastfeeding was evaluated as a confounder of the sensitivity-cognitive development association. (columbia.edu)
Adult women (aged ≥ 18 years) with a singleton pregnancy in the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. (biomedcentral.com)
The association between parity and birthweight in a longitudinal consecutive pregnancy cohort. (com.pk)

Secretory molecules produced by placental trophoblast cells and maternal uterine immune cells, within the decidua, work together to develop a functioning placenta. (wikipedia.org)
Data including maternal history, neonatal birthweight, and placental pathology were collected and deidentified. (thieme-connect.com)

On the basis of the available evidence, an association between vitamin D concentrations and birth weight, dental caries in children, maternal vitamin D concentrations at term, and parathyroid hormone concentrations in patients with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis is probable, but further studies and better designed trials are needed to draw firmer conclusions. (bmj.com)

Reproductive immunology refers to a field of medicine that studies interactions (or the absence of them) between the immune system and components related to the reproductive system, such as maternal immune tolerance towards the fetus, or immunological interactions across the blood-testis barrier. (wikipedia.org)
An insufficiency in the maternal immune system where the fetus is treated as a foreign substance in the body can lead to many pregnancy-related complications. (wikipedia.org)
The impact of maternal depression on the fetus. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Clinical decision making must consider the well-being of the mother, fetus, and even older children who can be adversely impacted by active maternal psychopathology. (psychiatrictimes.com)

Women with pemphigoid gestationis have increased incidences of premature delivery and small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates. (medscape.com)
Cord blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], calcium, and phosphorus were measured in 1491 neonates who were divided into three groups based on the duration of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. (medscape.com)

To assess the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) during pregnancy on the neonatal vitamin D status and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA). (medscape.com)
[ 7 , 8 ] Thus, maternal levels of vitamin D during pregnancy determined the vitamin D status at birth and during early life in offspring. (medscape.com)
Current evidence on maternal vitamin D status and fetal growth restriction derives largely from observational studies, but small supplementation studies. (medscape.com)

A consistent linear dose-dependent association of maternal smoking with fetal growth was observed from the early second trimester onwards, while no major growth deficit was found in women who quit smoking early in pregnancy except for a shorter FL during late gestation. (plos.org)

She has been examining trends at the population level through analyses using a statewide database from California, focusing first on preterm birth, and with plans to extend the analyses to examine both low birth weight and small for gestational age births. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
We undertook a national quasi-experimental study, which involved analysing the association between the 2004 and 2008 joint introduction of tobacco control policies and perinatal mortality, preterm birth and SGA births using monthly data from a comprehensive dataset of singleton births in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2011. (nature.com)
The classic social associations of preterm birth--low socioeconomic status, extremes of maternal age, primiparity, being unmarried--apply to extremely preterm and moderately preterm births as well as to the mildly preterm group. (frc.org)

A prospective study of 6090 children from the prospective Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) showed that less than adequate maternal weight gain during pregnancy and being born first were significantly associated with Tourette syndrome in the offspring by the age of 13 or 14 years. (medscape.com)
Recent longitudinal studies has shown that small for gestational age newborns are at a higher risk of mortality compared to normal or large for gestational age newborns. (napcrg.org)
Here we investigate the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with longitudinal fetal growth by triangulating evidence from 3 analytical approaches to strengthen causal inference. (plos.org)
We analysed data from 8,621 white European liveborn singletons from 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts to assess the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with the longitudinal growth of different fetal parameters (weight, head circumference, femur length, and abdominal circumference). (plos.org)

Although previous reports have suggested an association between high CRP and IL-6 levels with pre-eclampsia, sample size may lack the sufficient power to draw robust conclusions, and this association is likely to be explained by unaccounted biases. (nih.gov)

We calculated prevalence ratios over time to assess trends for 4 selected risk factors and 4 chronic conditions, accounting for age, race/ethnicity, education, health care coverage, and individual states. (cdc.gov)
There was no evidence of association between high levels of CRP and IL-6 with pre-eclampsia after adjusting for the following factors: maternal and gestational age, ethnicity, place and year of recruitment, multiple-pregnancy, socio-economic position, smoking, and presence of infections during pregnancy. (nih.gov)
[ 7 , 21-23 ] The controversial findings may be due to variations of study designs, including the gestational weeks, dose, season, and adherence of maternal vitamin D supplementation as well as ethnicity of the study population. (medscape.com)

However, the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on fetal growth has not been confirmed. (medscape.com)

Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the interaction between maternal education and foreign born status, adjusting for covariates. (bmj.com)
Results: No interaction between maternal or fetal genotype of any of the polymorphisms and smoking could be demonstrated. (uthscsa.edu)

The association between maternal serum levels of CRP and IL-6 with pre-eclampsia risk was evaluated using adjusted logistic regression models. (nih.gov)
[ 5 , 6 ] It is noteworthy that fetal and newborn concentrations of 25(OH)D depend on and correlate with maternal serum levels. (medscape.com)

The findings from China suggest that maternal vitamin D supplementation recommended by the IOM results in a slight but significantly higher fetal level of 25(OH)D and improves fetal growth. (medscape.com)
30 years ago demonstrated that maternal vitamin D supplementation at a dose of 1000 IU/d in Asian women during the third trimester led to a nonsignificant reduction in the rate of SGA. (medscape.com)

Interventions to promote birth spacing and improve maternal and neonatal health in this population need to involve male partners and knowledgeable health care providers to be effective. (biomedcentral.com)
A better understanding of contributing factors and mechanisms controlling untimely labor is necessary to prevent preterm birth and to improve maternal and fetal health. (biomedcentral.com)

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing among persons of childbearing age and pregnant persons. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Among women of reproductive age, prevalence of smoking and physical inactivity improved, but prevalence of obesity and all 4 chronic conditions worsened. (cdc.gov)
While the mean birth weight of Caucasian babies in the Netherlands has increased the past decades, it is unknown if the mean birth weight of South Asian babies born in the Netherlands has increased or if the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) has decreased. (biomedcentral.com)

We observed that children exposed to adverse perinatal circumstances such as being born small for gestational age, born in families with lower socioeconomic position or having a congenital anomaly had a higher risk of CD. (lu.se)

3. Maternal-Newborn Nursing: A Family-Centered Approach Fifth Ed. Olds, Sally B., et al, 1996. (americanpregnancy.org)

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo databases were searched for studies that examined the association between perinatal and neonatal factors and autism through March 2007. (harvard.edu)

We compared results from (1) confounder-adjusted multivariable analyses, (2) a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using maternal rs1051730 genotype as an instrument for smoking quantity and ease of quitting, and (3) a negative control analysis comparing maternal and mother's partner's smoking associations. (plos.org)
A). Modification of the association between smoking and outcome by genotype was evaluated. (uthscsa.edu)
In contrast, the association of smoking with gestational age-adjusted birth weight (birth weight ratio) was modified by fetal GSTT1 genotype (P for interaction=.02). (uthscsa.edu)

This study examined whether women with anemia before pregnancy would be at higher risk of preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth. (nature.com)
Risk factors for pre-eclampsia include older age at which the mother becomes pregnant, obesity, and history of vascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
A health statistics review can take risk factors such as age, race and sex that are commonly found on health records into account. (cdc.gov)
Inadequate maternal weight gain, cannabis use during pregnancy, and birth order have been identified as 3 new potential risk factors for Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders in children, new research shows. (medscape.com)
All of these risk factors are newly reported pregnancy-related associations for these disorders. (medscape.com)
Pathogenesis of obesity is multifactorial but some risk factors have been associated with maternal health during pregnancy. (napcrg.org)
We also observed that maternal CD seems not to be the cause of the previously reported increased risk of CD in girls. (lu.se)
Furthermore, we observed that maternal length of stay in Sweden seems to affect the risk of CD in second-generation immigrant children. (lu.se)
Death clustering refers to the unusual concentration of mortality in certain families, which occurs due to a positive association of the risk of mortality among the siblings of those families [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This study describes recent trends of modifiable risk factors and controllable chronic conditions among reproductive-aged women. (cdc.gov)
Data from the 2001 to 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a representative state-based telephone survey of health behavior in US adults, was analyzed for 327,917 women of reproductive age, 18 to 44 years. (cdc.gov)
This association was partially attenuated by adjusting for maternal glucose concentrations (β = 50 (4-95) g/risk allele, β′ = 0.089, p = 0.03, n = 405). (biomedcentral.com)
The allele score was also positively associated with risk of being large for gestational age at birth (odds ratio 1.60 (1.19-2.15) per risk allele, p = 2.1 × 10 −3 , n = 660) and negatively associated with risk of being small for gestational age at birth (odds ratio 0.65 (0.44-0.96) per risk allele, p = 0.03, n = 660). (biomedcentral.com)
Germline genetic testing in breast cancer: Rationale for the testing of all women diagnosed by the age of 60 years and for risk-based testing of those older than 60 years. (cdc.gov)
Objective: To provide the first review and meta-analysis of the association between perinatal and neonatal factors and autism risk. (harvard.edu)
The following abstracts represent six studies which demonstrate the strongest and most significant risk association between IA and later preterm birth. (frc.org)
In 2020, because of the changing epidemiology of HCV infections in the United States, CDC expanded previous risk-based testing recommendations to include universal screening for all adults aged ≥18 years at least once and for all pregnant persons during each pregnancy ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)
A meta-analysis of an observational study reinforced the association between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA). (medscape.com)
Taking zinc by mouth, especially with antioxidant vitamins, might help slow vision loss and prevent age-related vision loss from becoming advanced in people at high risk. (medlineplus.gov)

Maternal alcohol use, associated with both breastfeeding and depression, has not been examined in any study investigating the sensitivity-cognitive development association. (columbia.edu)
001), after adjusting for maternal depression and breastfeeding. (columbia.edu)
Maybe it's because green spaces lessen depression, boosting maternal health. (thebump.com)
Research on adolescent and adult populations has linked depression to variation in several monoaminergic genes, but genetic association studies on depression in children are limited. (cardiff.ac.uk)
At age 11, depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) and DNA samples were collected for genotyping. (cardiff.ac.uk)

In addition, maternal cannabis use was significantly associated with chronic tic disorders in children. (medscape.com)
Average birth weight and average gestational age were statistically significantly lower in the highly exposed population than in the control area prior to filtration of municipal water supply. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusion: Fetal GSTT1 deletion significantly and specifically modifies the effect of smoking on gestational age-corrected birth weight. (uthscsa.edu)

Associations with trajectories of estimated fetal weight (EFW) and individual fetal parameters (head circumference, femur length [FL], and abdominal circumference [AC]) from 12-16 to 40 weeks' gestation were analysed using multilevel fractional polynomial models. (plos.org)

Maternal vitamin D insufficiency has been associated with fetal growth restriction. (medscape.com)
Increasing evidence from observational studies [ 10-17 ] has identified the link between maternal vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and fetal growth restriction. (medscape.com)

The large for gestational age at birth association was also partially attenuated by maternal glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)

Intrauterine Growth Restriction is also known as Small-for-Gestational-Age (SGA) or fetal growth restriction. (americanpregnancy.org)

Genetics can have roles in regulating both maternal glucose concentrations in pregnancy and fetal growth expressed as offspring birth weight. (biomedcentral.com)
The authors of this study concluded that for any level of maternal glucose concentration fetal genetics has a major impact on growth but acts predominantly through mechanisms independent of maternal glucose. (biomedcentral.com)

Cases were adults 18 to 27 years of age who were hospitalized for a respiratory illness from 1998 to 2007 within Washington State who could be linked to a Washington State birth certificate for the years 1980 to 1988. (atsjournals.org)

However, scarce literature is present to capture this unusual concentration of mortality in certain families by examining the association of the mortality risks among the siblings of those families along with various unobserved characteristics of the mother. (biomedcentral.com)

Rates of acute infections more than tripled among reproductive-aged persons during this time (from 0.8 to 2.5 per 100,000 population among persons aged 20-29 years and from 0.6 to 3.5 among persons aged 30-39 years). (cdc.gov)
Rates of HCV acute and chronic infections (referred hereinafter as HCV infections) have been steadily increasing in the United States since 2010, with rates of acute infections more than tripling among reproductive-aged persons as of 2021, from 0.8 to 2.5 per 100,000 population among persons aged 20-29 years and from 0.6 to 3.5 among persons aged 30-39 years ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

In the third trimester, maternal hemoglobin concentration was associated with birth weight in an inverted U-shaped curve and with the risks of LBW and SGA in extended U-shaped curves. (lstmed.ac.uk)

Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate whether pathologic severity of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is correlated with the incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) and neonatal birthweight. (thieme-connect.com)

Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the associations between combustion pollutants and SGA. (cdc.gov)
The association with timing of the tobacco control policies was investigated using interrupted time series logistic regression analyses with adjustment for confounders. (nature.com)

Investigators evaluated data from maternal questionnaires, obstetric records, and pediatric medical records for 6090 children. (medscape.com)
The strength of these associations is small compared with factors in the prior reproductive history and with medical and obstetric complications of the current pregnancy. (frc.org)

If the associations are causal but the estimated effect on death rates is very small compared to the plausible benefits from vector control, then whether the associations are causal does not impact public health decisions. (cdc.gov)
If gestational age is 34 weeks or greater, health care providers may recommend being induced for early delivery. (americanpregnancy.org)
If gestational age is less than 34 weeks, health care providers will continue monitoring until 34 weeks or beyond. (americanpregnancy.org)
The study used data from the National Family Health Survey (2015-16) which includes all the birth histories of 475,457 women aged 15-49 years. (biomedcentral.com)
130 g/L in the third trimester should be paid great attention to in the practice of maternal and child health care. (lstmed.ac.uk)
In 2008, women of reproductive age incurred health care expenses estimated at $170.4 billion, or 14.8% of all health care expenditures, in the United States (2). (cdc.gov)
Whereas a meta-analysis of adult studies showed a 'dose-response' association between comprehensiveness of smoke-free laws and their health impact 18 , whether such a 'dose-dependent' effect also applies to the impact of smoke-free legislation on early-life health is currently unclear 16 . (nature.com)
NFP is a national maternal and child health program serving more than 60,000 families each year across 40 states, the District of Columbia, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and many Indigenous tribal communities. (scienceblog.com)
Infertility is defined by the World Health Organization as the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, this definition is also supported by the American Medical Association, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology, the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Over the last 150 years, the age at which puberty begins has been decreasing, primarily because of improved health and nutrition, but this trend has stabilized. (msdmanuals.com)
16 If causal, these associations might be of great importance for public health, as vitamin D deficiency has been found to be highly prevalent in populations residing at high latitudes or leading an indoors oriented lifestyle. (bmj.com)
It is necessary in small amounts for human health, growth, and sense of taste. (medlineplus.gov)

Higher maternal concentrations in urine during pregnancy of monoisobutyl phthalic acid (mIBP), a metabolite of diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), were associated with smaller white matter only in girls. (neurosciencenews.com)

Maternal 25(OH)D and chemistries will be assessed at study entry, during the third trimester and at delivery. (who.int)
One study had shown the positive association of maternal education and household wealth status with the mortality clustering in families in a historical Italian population [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This study aims to reveal the associations between maternal hemoglobin concentrations in different trimesters of pregnancy and neonatal birth weight, LBW, and SGA. (lstmed.ac.uk)
We analysed data from 8,621 European liveborn singletons in 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts (the Generation R Study, the Netherlands 2002-2006 [ n = 4,682]) and the Born in Bradford study, United Kingdom 2007-2010 [ n = 3,939]) with fetal ultrasound and birth anthropometric measures, parental smoking during pregnancy, and maternal genetic data. (plos.org)
Study limitations include measurement error due to maternal self-report of smoking and the modest sample size for MR analyses resulting in unconfounded estimates being less precise. (plos.org)
We therefore investigated whether potential associations between the fetal allele score and birth weight were related to maternal glucose concentrations in the Cambridge Baby Growth Study. (biomedcentral.com)
In a birth weight-related genome wide association study (GWAS) Beaumont et al. (biomedcentral.com)
However none of the fetal variants used to construct the gene score in this study were independently associated with maternal glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
In the current study we therefore examined relationships between our fetal imprinted gene allele score and measures of size at birth, in particular investigating whether any allele score associations with size at birth appear to be attenuated by maternal glucose concentrations in pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results, the largest case-control study reported up to date, demonstrate that there is not a causal association between elevated levels of CRP and IL-6 and the presence of pre-eclampsia. (nih.gov)

In the United States, 53.5% of deaths in women of reproductive age were due to unintentional injuries, cancer, and heart disease in 2007 (1). (cdc.gov)
As a result of increasing rates of acute infections in reproductive-aged persons and subsequent chronic infections, overall rates of HCV infections during pregnancy have increased by 20% during 2016-2020 and up to tenfold during 2000-2019 ( 6 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)

The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer pregnant persons effective behavioral counseling interventions aimed at promoting healthy weight gain and preventing excess gestational weight gain in pregnancy. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? (sigmaaldrich.com)

Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and SGA. (ac.ir)

Anatomy23

Organisms1

Diseases65

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment81

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena7

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science9

Named Groups16

Health Care52

Geographicals5

Outcomes46

Infant15

10th percentile for gestational age2

Prenatal6

Screening for gestational diabetes2

Less than 32 weeks2

Infants12

Diabetes12

Exposure10

Premature Birth2

Cohort3

Placental2

Concentrations and Birth Weight1

Fetus4

Neonates2

Vitamin D status3

Smoking with fetal1

Births3

Longitudinal4

Conclusions1

Ethnicity3

Effect of maternal1

Interaction between maternal2

Serum levels2

Supplementation2

Improve maternal2

Prevalence3

Socioeconomic1

Newborn1

Methods1

Genotype3

Risk19

Depression5

Significantly3

Fetal weight1

Insufficiency2

Large for1

Intrauterine1

Genetics2

Adults1

Characteristics of the mother1

Among reproductive-aged2

Hemoglobin concentration1

Incidence1

Logistic2

Obstetric2

Health12

Urine1

Study10

Reproductive2

Interventions2

Systematic1