Skeletal muscle function subjects muscles. Medical search. Frequent questions

A loss of skeletal muscle mass is frequently observed in older adults. (diabetesjournals.org)
7 Skeletal muscle dysfunction seems to be clinically relevant in COPD, as loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength are associated with poor health status, 8 increased healthcare use 9 and even mortality, 2 10 independent of lung function parameters. (bmj.com)

We previously showed that bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs were able to form multi-layered bundles with aligned myofibers. (nature.com)
We also demonstrated the feasibility of using these 3D bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs to treat critical-sized muscle defect injuries with structural and functional restoration in a rodent model 2 . (nature.com)

ET-1 impairs glucose uptake in the skeletal muscles of insulin resistant subjects, thereby worsening insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
The hallmarks of impaired insulin sensitivity in these three tissues are decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle, impaired insulin-mediated inhibition of hepatic glucose production in liver, and a reduced ability of insulin to inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue. (jci.org)

Most interestingly, gender-specific proteome comparison showed that male and female rats displayed differential regulation of proteins involved in muscle contraction, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative phosphorylation and cellular stress. (karger.com)
Tensiomyography measures the radial displacement of a muscle during an electrically evoked twitch contraction. (plos.org)
As such, a twitch provides information on muscle contractile properties and the functioning of the excitation-contraction coupling process. (plos.org)
Muscular fatigue causes a slowing of muscle contraction velocity, reversing as the muscle recovers from fatigue [ 21 - 24 ]. (plos.org)
Contractile element simulates the behaviour of skeletal muscle when it is subjected to eccentric and concentric contraction. (techscience.com)
This research aims to estimate the stress induced in skeletal muscle in eccentric and concentric contraction with respect to the predefined strain. (techscience.com)
With the use of mathematical model for contraction of skeletal muscle for eccentric and concentric contraction, the stress induced in the skeletal muscle is estimated in this research. (techscience.com)
With the use of force-velocity of contraction of muscle, mathematical model is developed. (techscience.com)
This can be useful to understand the mechanical behaviour of skeletal muscles in eccentric and concentric contraction with clinical relevance. (techscience.com)
Guyton and Hall 2006) (See Figure 6 below) ( Smooth muscle contraction is controlled by muscarinic receptors, which are different and will be discussed later. (cdc.gov)

The nicotinic receptors are cylindrically-shaped proteins imbedded in synaptic walls that act as chemically-controlled sodium channels (also called ligand-gated sodium channels) that penetrate through the cell walls of post-synaptic nerves and myocytes at the skeletal neuromuscular junctions. (cdc.gov)
Skeletal neuromuscular junctions. (cdc.gov)

This is corroborated by biopsy findings of muscle fibre atrophy and muscle fibre shift from type I to type II fibres. (bmj.com)
Such increment in the muscle iron level could be detrimental, as associations with increased muscle fatigability, atrophy, and oxidative stress were reported. (syr.edu)
In conclusion, a moderate degree of systemic iron loading impaired muscle contractile function but did not result in muscle atrophy. (syr.edu)

Debate continues as to the relative importance of systemic and local factors in the aetiology of skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD. (bmj.com)
Defining the mechanisms that regulate the development of skeletal muscle dysfunction is critical for designing therapeutic interventions. (biomedcentral.com)
Muscle and liver non-heme iron (NHI) level, oxidative damage, antioxidant status, protein degradation markers, and stabilizing protein of ryanodine receptor (RyR1) were examined as potential mediators of iron-induced muscle dysfunction. (syr.edu)

Insulin resistance is defined as an inadequate response by insulin target tissues, such as skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue, to the physiologic effects of circulating insulin. (jci.org)

More importantly, the bioprinted constructs with neural cell integration facilitate rapid innervation and mature into organized muscle tissue that restores normal muscle weight and function in a rodent model of muscle defect injury. (nature.com)
These approaches have achieved bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue fabrication with cellular alignment in vitro, and some showed a degree of therapeutic potential in vivo. (nature.com)
The current proteomic study revealed that impaired protein regulation was more prominent in the muscle tissue of female diabetic rats, which were more susceptible to STZ-induced diabetes. (karger.com)
In this paper, we discuss the current available information about the role that different phenotypes of macrophages plays after injury and during the remodelling phase in different tissue types, with particular attention to the skeletal muscle. (hindawi.com)
Investigators currently employ a variety of established methods for answering such questions, but are often experimentally hampered by unique inherent heterogeneity between muscle groups and cells within the same muscle tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
It uses contrast to identify diseased cardiac tissue before the tissue becomes fibrotic (changes to scar tissue) and before heart function begins to worsen (as shown by decreases in the left ventricular ejection fraction or LVEF). (parentprojectmd.org)

First, we characterized the FDB phenotype and provide reference comparisons to skeletal muscles commonly used in the field. (biomedcentral.com)

Using a novel approach, we also demonstrate methods for assessing mitochondrial respiration in the FDB, which are comparable to the commonly used gastrocnemius muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
These muscles each offer unique advantages across a host of methodologies including measuring isometric force production, susceptibility to muscle injury, mitochondrial respiration, protein content, and histology. (biomedcentral.com)
Obesity and type 2 diabetes have been associated with a high-fat diet (HFD) and reduced mitochondrial mass and function. (diabetesjournals.org)
We hypothesized a HFD may affect expression of genes involved in mitochondrial function and biogenesis. (diabetesjournals.org)
At the molecular and structural level, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function are altered in diabetes, as well as in insulin-resistant relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Also, a vascularization strategy using co-culture with endothelial cells (ECs) and fibroblasts improved the survival of the bioengineered skeletal muscle tissues 20 , 21 . (nature.com)

We discuss how pathways that "sense" nutrients within skeletal muscle are readily able to regulate insulin action. (jci.org)

The Elevation Training Mask (ETM) is a stimulated altitude training device that claims to increase lung function and cardiorespiratory fitness by creating a resistance to respiration. (wku.edu)

This condition is recognized clinically when paralysis of the respiratory and other skeletal muscles fails to spontaneously resolve after succinylcholine is administered as an adjunctive paralytic agent during anesthesia procedures. (medscape.com)

Theoretically, increasing respiratory resistance will create an overload on respiratory muscle which, in turn strengthens the diaphragm and accessory inspiratory muscles. (wku.edu)

Skeletal muscle is susceptible to a number of genetic, environmental, and age-related pathologies that impair the tissue's normal mechanical and metabolic function. (biomedcentral.com)

A bioengineered skeletal muscle construct that mimics structural and functional characteristics of native skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic option to treat extensive muscle defect injuries. (nature.com)

To examine gender-dimorphic regulation of skeletal muscle proteins between healthy control and STZ-induced diabetic rats of both genders, we performed differential proteome analysis using two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry. (karger.com)

In this study, we investigate the effects of neural cell integration into the bioprinted skeletal muscle construct to accelerate functional muscle regeneration in vivo. (nature.com)
20% of the original mass invariably results in functional impairment with limited regeneration capacity, which requires reconstructive surgical procedures such as autologous muscle flap transfers 1 . (nature.com)
This is supported by the clinical observation that patients show significant improvements in functional performance and health-related quality of life with pulmonary rehabilitation in the absence of lung function changes. (bmj.com)
3 This limitation in exercise and functional capacity has led to a particular focus upon the skeletal muscle compartment. (bmj.com)
The ability to assess skeletal muscle function and delineate regulatory mechanisms is essential to uncovering therapeutic approaches that preserve functional independence in a disease state. (biomedcentral.com)
Muscles commonly used for functional and mechanistic experiments include the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus, plantaris, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior (TA), and/or the quadriceps. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the skeletal muscle functional and redox status implications of a lower degree of muscle iron loading remain unclear. (syr.edu)
Liang, Chen, "Functional and biochemical responses of skeletal muscle following a moderate degree of systemic iron loading in mice" (2019). (syr.edu)

The results highlight the experimental flexibility afforded the investigator by using the FDB muscle to assess mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle function. (biomedcentral.com)

Two recent microarray studies have shown that genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) exhibit reduced expression levels in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic subjects and prediabetic subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
Previous studies demonstrated direct effects of iron on muscle strength and its relevance to oxidative stress utilized a high degree of muscle iron loading (i.e. 60-fold). (syr.edu)

The FDB is made up of small predominantly type IIa and IIx fibers that collectively produce less peak isometric force than the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) or soleus muscles, but demonstrates a greater fatigue resistance than the EDL. (biomedcentral.com)
Soleus muscle contractile properties were assessed. (syr.edu)
No difference in animal body mass or soleus muscle mass was observed (p>0.05). (syr.edu)

Proteomic analysis of skeletal muscle identified a total of 21 proteins showing gender-dimorphic differential expression patterns between healthy controls and diabetic rats. (karger.com)

Each session consisted of a warm-up period, 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise, 10 minutes of resistance training with five leg muscle exercises (two sets of 10-12 repetitions at 50-70% of 1RM for each activity), and a cool-down period. (jssm.org)
2005 ), while resistance training increases muscle force and muscle fiber size (Brooks et al. (jssm.org)

however, it has no known physiologic function. (medscape.com)

Endothelin functions through activation of two G protein-coupled receptors, endothelinA and endothelinB receptor (ETA and ETB, respectively). (wikipedia.org)
Titin is a giant scaffold protein with multiple functions in striated muscle physiology. (frontiersin.org)
Protein-interactions e.g., with muscle ankyrin repeat proteins or muscle LIM-protein link titin to hypertrophic signaling and via p62 and Muscle Ring Finger proteins to mechanisms that control protein quality control. (frontiersin.org)
Mechanistically driven research often utilizes DNA manipulation to alter protein expression in skeletal muscle. (biomedcentral.com)

For those interested in learning about the molecular physiology of nicotinic receptors, the subject is discussed as optional reading below. (cdc.gov)

Endothelins have involvement in cardiovascular function, fluid-electrolyte homeostasis, and neuronal mechanisms across diverse cell types. (wikipedia.org)

Dm provides information on skeletal muscle stiffness, morphological and structural changes [ 2 - 4 ]. (plos.org)

Authors are further working to develop the mathematical model with torsion force with proper activation function of muscle and experimentation for extraction of the anisotropic mechanical properties of skeletal muscle. (techscience.com)

Older adults with either diagnosed or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes showed excessive loss of appendicular lean mass and trunk fat mass compared with nondiabetic subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes on the changes in body composition, with particular interest in the skeletal muscle mass. (diabetesjournals.org)
Thigh muscle CSA declined two times faster in older women with diabetes than their nondiabetic counterparts. (diabetesjournals.org)
PGC1α- and PGC1β-responsive OXPHOS genes show reduced expression in the muscle of patients with type 2 diabetes ( 3 , 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Notably, skeletal muscle iron levels ranging from approximately 1.4- up to 7-fold greater were observed in models of diabetes and aging, respectively. (syr.edu)

In individuals with normal plasma levels of normally functioning pseudocholinesterase enzyme, hydrolysis and inactivation of approximately 90-95% of an intravenous dose of succinylcholine occurs before it reaches the neuromuscular junction. (medscape.com)

Muscle mass and strength in obstructive lung disease: a smoking gun? (bmj.com)
This longitudinal study was designed to document the extent of change in body composition (including muscle mass, fat mass and bone mineral composition) in older men and women, identify possible clinical conditions that accelerate these changes and examine the health impact of these changes on strength, endurance, disability and weight-related diseases of old age. (bmj.com)
In older people, as in COPD, sarcopaenia (loss of muscle mass and strength associated with ageing) is independently associated with disability and mortality. (bmj.com)
The experimental setup is composed of a muscle-mass-spring system where the muscle is stimulated while forces are measured and the muscle position is tracked. (asme.org)
Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the impact of a moderate degree of iron loading on changes in muscle mass and function, along with the underlying mechanism. (syr.edu)

Neural input into this bioprinted skeletal muscle construct shows the improvement of myofiber formation, long-term survival, and neuromuscular junction formation in vitro. (nature.com)
Unlike the other muscles, inherent properties of the FDB muscle make it amenable to multiple in vitro- and in vivo-based microscopy methods. (biomedcentral.com)

The rate of muscle displacement is increasingly reported to assess contractile properties. (plos.org)

4 Cross-sectional studies have typically demonstrated muscle weakness 5 and reduced endurance, 6 particularly of the lower limbs, in COPD compared with age-matched controls. (bmj.com)
These events help to explain why the initial phase of toxicity is manifested by over-stimulation (characterized by myoclonic jerks, fasciculations and muscle spasms) followed by weakness progressing to paralysis. (cdc.gov)

These results suggest that the 3D bioprinted human neural-skeletal muscle constructs can be rapidly integrated with the host neural network, resulting in accelerated muscle function restoration. (nature.com)
Receptors for endothelin-1 exist in brain neurons, indicating a potential role in neural functions. (wikipedia.org)

Skeletal muscle provides distinct experimental challenges due to inherent differences across muscle groups, including fiber type and size that may limit experimental approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
However, due to inherent differences across muscles, investigators are often forced to apply specific experimental approaches for each muscle. (biomedcentral.com)

Perturbations of macrophage function and/or activation may result in impaired regeneration and fibrosis deposition as described in several chronic pathological diseases. (hindawi.com)

12 The investigators retrospectively used baseline lung function criteria to divide the Health ABC cohort into those with obstructive lung disease (OLD) and controls. (bmj.com)

Flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscles develops within 1 minute. (medscape.com)

Musculoskeletal (dys-)function relies for a large part on muscle architecture which can be obtained using Diffusion-Tensor MRI (DT-MRI) and fiber tractography. (utwente.nl)
Such findings suggest that, in the presence of a musculoskeletal imbalance, the body readapts itself ensuring that alimentary functions will not be affected. (bvsalud.org)

Although some of the longitudinal data are conflicting between the genders, the overall message is that downward trajectories in body composition and physical function are largely comparable between those with OLD, current-smoking controls and never-smoking controls. (bmj.com)

Although these interactions remain to be further examined in humans, the physiological functions of taurine appear to be inconsistent with the adverse cardiovascular symptoms associated with excessive consumption of caffeine-taurine containing beverages. (researchgate.net)
The electroporation of cDNA or shRNA into muscles often delivers inconsistent results due to both the size of the muscle and anatomical location, which each impede uniform distribution of cDNA. (biomedcentral.com)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the ETM on lung function and cardiorespiratory fitness following a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program. (wku.edu)
The ETM did not significantly increase lung function or cardiorespiratory fitness to a higher degree than HIIT alone. (wku.edu)
Further research needs to be conducted with a larger sample size and at a stimulated elevation higher than 9,000ft to attempt to determine the effect of the ETM on lung function and aerobic capacity. (wku.edu)

To date, surprisingly few studies have taken advantage of the FDB to investigate mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle function. (biomedcentral.com)

Pre- and post-tests included VO 2 max, pulmonary function, and BMI. (wku.edu)

Mathematical model is developed for the muscle using EMG signals and Force-velocity relationship calculated. (techscience.com)

Differential splicing of the titin gene results in numerous species- and muscle-specific titin isoforms. (frontiersin.org)
Whether the sequential presence of two different macrophage populations results from a dynamic shift in macrophage polarization or from the recruitment of new circulating monocytes is a subject of ongoing debate. (hindawi.com)
Physical activity has been defined as 'any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. (cdc.gov)

CK is released into the blood when skeletal muscle is damaged. (parentprojectmd.org)

The efficient chewing is exerted through a coordinated interaction between the mandible, tongue and hyoid movements with the occlusal plane alignment and the masticatory muscle performance 5 . (bvsalud.org)

Subjects were randomly placed into either a control group (n=4) or an experimental group (n=5). (wku.edu)

responsible for the specific tension deficits, as well as examine the importance of iron in mediating skeletal muscle adaptation responses over a longer period of time. (syr.edu)

In normal subjects, skeletal muscle function returns to normal approximately 5 minutes after a single bolus injection of succinylcholine as it passively diffuses away from the neuromuscular junction. (medscape.com)
These abnormal alleles may result in a failure to produce normal amounts of the enzyme or in production of abnormal forms of pseudocholinesterase with altered structure and lacking full enzymatic function, as described below. (medscape.com)

Exercise training improved the lipid profile and also increased the leg muscle strength and 6-minute walking distance of the trained subjects. (jssm.org)
Skeletal muscles are responsible for the relative motion of the bones at the joints and provide the required strength. (techscience.com)

Anatomy59

Organisms17

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs63

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena7

Information Science3

Health Care2

Loss of skeletal muscle mass2

Human skeletal muscle2

Glucose uptake2

Contraction10

Neuromuscular junctions2

Atrophy3

Dysfunction3

Adipose tissue1

Tissue6

Phenotype1

Mitochondrial5

Tissues1

Nutrients1

Respiration1

Clinically1

Respiratory1

Susceptible1

Characteristics1

Regulation1

Functional8

Regulate1

Oxidative2

Soleus3

Diabetic1

Resistance2

Physiologic1

Protein4

Physiology1

Cardiovascular function1

Structural1

Mechanical1

Older adults1

Diabetes4

Levels1

Mass5

Vitro2

Assess1

Weakness2

Neural2

Approaches2

Regeneration1

Investigators1

Paralysis1

Musculoskeletal2

Body composition1

Inconsistent2

Lung function3

Mechanisms1

Pulmonary1

Mathematical Model1

Results3

Blood1

Alignment1

Control1

Examine1

Normal2

Strength2