OrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and Occupations
CefotetanCephamycinsCefmetazoleAnti-Bacterial AgentsCefoxitinAntibiotic ProphylaxisMicrobial Sensitivity TestsCefoperazoneBacteroides fragilisColorectal Surgerybeta-LactamsDrug Resistance, MicrobialCephalosporinsBacteria, AnaerobicBacteriaCefazolinDrug Resistance, BacterialStreptomyces
CefoxitinSecond-generation cephalosporinRegimensColorectal surgeryCefazolinResistanceCephalosporin antibioticsPenicillinsCarbapenemCephamycinsCefmetazoleProphylacticMetronidazoleElectiveBacteriaInfectionsBacterialErtapenemMeropenemRegimenVancomycinTypicallyResistantFluoroquinolonesMicrobiologyVersusFungusDosesContributesCiprofloxacinInactivateAllergicPeptidoglycanTreatmentDrugsChlamydiaMETHODSPatientsClassificationEffectEnzymesCephalexin
Cefoxitin3
Second-generation cephalosporin4
  • 18. Randomized, multicenter trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective colorectal surgery: single dose vs 3 doses of a second-generation cephalosporin without metronidazole and oral antibiotics. (nih.gov)
  • Cefotetan, a second-generation cephalosporin, offers a wide spectrum of activity against both aerobes and anaerobes as well as against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cefaclor is a second generation cephalosporin antibiotic isolated from the Acremonium fungus. (goldbio.com)
  • Cefamandole nafate is a second generation cephalosporin antibiotic. (goldbio.com)
Regimens5
  • The review examined randomized trials that compared different antibiotic regimens in women undergoing cesarean birth. (medscape.com)
  • 6] Antibiotic regimens for PID must be effective against Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, as well as against gram-negative facultative organisms, anaerobes, and streptococci. (medscape.com)
  • Postoperative outcomes up to 1 year included rates of surgical site infection (SSI), deep infection necessitating return to the operating room (OR), non-union, prescribed outpatient antibiotics, hospital readmissions, and related returns to the emergency department (ED). Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to include standard/literature-supported antibiotic regimens as a nested random factor within the non-cefotetan cohort. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: The nested variable accounting for standard/literature-supported antibiotic regimens had no significant effect in any model for any outcome (for each, P ≥ 0.302). (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Cefotetan alone may provide superior antibiotic stewardship with similar infectious sequalae compared to more traditional antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for Gustilo-Anderson Type III open long bone fractures. (bvsalud.org)
Colorectal surgery11
Cefazolin3
  • Merck & Co, Inc, New York), is commonly used as antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of post-cesarean endometritis, with cefazolin identified as being the most cost-effective for routine use. (medscape.com)
  • 95% CI, 0.15-0.94) compared to the control group receiving cefazolin at cord clamping, without increasing the rates of newborn sepsis work-ups or complications. (medscape.com)
  • INTRODUCTION: The prophylactic intravenous antibiotic regimen for Gustilo-Anderson Type III open fractures traditionally consists of cefazolin with an aminoglycoside plus penicillin for gross contamination. (bvsalud.org)
Resistance9
  • Resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics can involve either reduced affinity of existing PBP components or the acquisition of a supplementary β-lactam-insensitive PBP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibiotics are extremely important in medicine, but unfortunately bacteria are capable of developing resistance to them. (emedexpert.com)
  • Also bacteria can transfer the genes coding for antibiotic resistance between them, making it possible for bacteria never exposed to an antibiotic to acquire resistance. (emedexpert.com)
  • The problem of antibiotic resistance becomes more serious when antibiotics are used to treat disorders for which they are ineffective. (emedexpert.com)
  • Resistance to antibiotics represents a serious and growing problem, because some infectious diseases are becoming hard to treat. (emedexpert.com)
  • Beta-lactamases are enzymes ( EC 3.5.2.6 ) produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins , cephalosporins , cephamycins and carbapenems . (wikidoc.org)
  • Cefdinir is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic with resistance to many β-lactamase enzymes. (goldbio.com)
  • Rather, it's that infection control-and the lack thereof that contributes to the evolution of antibiotic resistance-should not be viewed in isolation, but, instead, should consider the health of the patients. (mikethemadbiologist.com)
  • Controlling and reducing infectious disease, including antibiotic resistance, should be viewed more as a public health problem in the same way obesity and smoking are, and less as a symptom to be treated. (mikethemadbiologist.com)
Cephalosporin antibiotics1
  • Ceftaroline is in a class of medications called cephalosporin antibiotics. (medlineplus.gov)
Penicillins3
  • citation needed] The commonly quoted figure of 10% of patients with allergic hypersensitivity to penicillins and/or carbapenems also having cross-reactivity with cephalosporins originated from a 1975 study looking at the original cephalosporins, and subsequent "safety first" policy meant this was widely quoted and assumed to apply to all members of the group. (wikipedia.org)
  • The penicillins are the oldest class of antibiotics. (emedexpert.com)
  • Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (e.g. methicillin, oxacillin) are active against beta-lactamase producing bacteria, that inactivates most penicillin antibiotics. (emedexpert.com)
Carbapenem3
  • Meropenem is a synthetic carbapenem antibiotic. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
  • Description: Doripenem is a parenteral carbapenem antibiotic launched in Japan for the treatment of bacterial respiratory and urinary tract infections. (ausmaucobiotech.com)
  • The introduction of a 1-methyl group to the carbapenem skeleton enhances metabolic stability to renal dehydropeptidase-1 (DHP-1) and leads to improved antibacterial potency. (ausmaucobiotech.com)
Cephamycins1
Cefmetazole1
  • Agents with longer half lives allowing twice daily dosing (cefmetazole and cefotetan) were as effective and less expensive than multiple doses of short-acting agents. (nih.gov)
Prophylactic5
  • [ 15 ] A Cochrane review of 81 randomized controlled trials found that the use of prophylactic antibiotics during cesarean birth resulted in a "major, clinically important, and statistically significant reduction" [ 15 ] in fever, endometritis, and wound infection following cesarean birth. (medscape.com)
  • In this review, the average incidence of endometritis in the groups of women who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics before surgery ranged from 7.03% for women undergoing an elective cesarean birth, to 30.14% for women undergoing nonelective cesarean birth, and 19.90% in those studies where the indication for cesarean birth was not defined or included both groups. (medscape.com)
  • The overall relative risk for all patients was 0.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31-0.43), and the authors noted remarkable consistency in the relative risk related to the effect of prophylactic antibiotic therapy regardless of elective or nonelective surgical status of the patient. (medscape.com)
  • [ 19 ] found that the presence of U urealyticum in the upper genital tract was associated with a three-fold increase in post-cesarean endometritis, and despite prophylactic antibiotic administration with cefotetan, an eight-fold increase in post-cesarean endometritis in women who had gone into spontaneous labor before surgical delivery. (medscape.com)
  • Cefotetan has not been previously established within orthopedic surgery as a prophylactic intravenous agent. (bvsalud.org)
Metronidazole2
  • 16. A multicenter study to compare cefotetan alone with cefotetan and metronidazole as prophylaxis against infection in elective colorectal operations. (nih.gov)
  • When C. difficile colitis develops it is treated with another antibiotic, Vancocin (vancomycin), or Flagyl (metronidazole). (quick.md)
Elective1
Bacteria20
  • Cephalosporins can be indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of infections caused by bacteria susceptible to this particular form of antibiotic. (wikipedia.org)
  • If you stop using ceftaroline injection too soon or skip doses, your infection may not be completely treated and the bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Beta-lactamases are a diverse class of enzymes produced by bacteria that break open the beta-lactam ring, inactivating the beta-lactam antibiotic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Patients can develop C. difficile colitis when antibiotics used to treat infections kill these good bacteria, disturbing the normal balance of bacteria in the intestines. (quick.md)
  • An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. (emedexpert.com)
  • Antibiotics are chemicals produced by or derived from microorganisms (i.e. bugs or germs such as bacteria and fungi). (emedexpert.com)
  • Antibiotics cure infectious diseases by killing or injuring bacteria. (emedexpert.com)
  • Some antibiotics are bactericidal , meaning that they work by killing bacteria. (emedexpert.com)
  • Other antibiotics are bacteriostatic , meaning that they work by stopping bacteria multiplying. (emedexpert.com)
  • Different types of antibiotics affect different bacteria in different ways. (emedexpert.com)
  • Others are only effective against a few types of bacteria and are called narrow-spectrum antibiotics. (emedexpert.com)
  • Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are bacteria that are not killed effectively by antibiotics. (emedexpert.com)
  • There are several ways how bacteria become antibiotic-resistant. (emedexpert.com)
  • Resistant bacteria do not respond to the antibiotics and continue to cause the illness. (emedexpert.com)
  • It is reserved for detecting Shigella, Campylobacter and anal carriage of bacteria (multiresistant bacteria and group B Streptococci). (clongen.com)
  • Beta-lactame antibiotics are typically used to treat a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. (wikidoc.org)
  • The way antibiotics work in stopping the spread, is to prevent the bacteria from producing certain proteins. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
  • The bacterial cells need these proteins to sustain themselves and grow but by stopping the bacteria from generating them, the antibiotic agent helps to stop the bacteria from growing, and spreading the infection. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
  • Cefditoren pivoxil is a β-lactam, cephalosporin antibiotic that has shown to be effective against an array of gram positive and negative bacteria. (goldbio.com)
  • Nearly all quinolone antibiotics in modern use are fluoroquinolones, which contain a fluorine atom in their chemical structure and are effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. (illnesshacker.com)
Infections8
  • In addition, antibiotic treatment of sexually transmitted infections can disrupt the balance of endogenous flora in the lower genital tract, causing normally nonpathogenic organisms to overgrow and ascend. (medscape.com)
  • 2 This group of infections is the second leading cause of infection-related mortality in the ICU. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Antibiotics such as ceftaroline injection will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 12. Impact of surgical site infections on length of stay and costs in selected colorectal procedures. (nih.gov)
  • The most effective way to prevent C. diff infections is to avoid unnecessary antibiotics. (quick.md)
  • Antibiotics are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. (emedexpert.com)
  • Some antibiotics can be used to treat a wide range of infections and are known as broad-spectrum antibiotics. (emedexpert.com)
  • Most of the additional infections associated with obesity appear to be surgical site infections, which is a common trend. (mikethemadbiologist.com)
Bacterial2
  • Cephalosporins are bactericidal and, like other β-lactam antibiotics, disrupt the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer forming the bacterial cell wall. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sullivan postulated that delaying antibiotic administration resulted in "bacterial contamination of the uterus and subcutaneous tissues well before adequate [antibiotic] tissue levels can be achieved. (medscape.com)
Ertapenem2
  • 9. Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis for intra-abdominal surgery in patients with cancer: a retrospective study comparing ertapenem and nonertapenem antibiotics. (nih.gov)
  • The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) in pediatric patients treated with Ertapenem for injection, including those who were switched to therapy with an oral antimicrobial, were diarrhea, vomiting and infusion site pain. (nih.gov)
Meropenem2
  • Unlike imipenem, meropenem has a methyl group at position 1 of the 5-membered ring, which confers stability against hydrolysis by dehydropeptidase 1 (DHP 1) present on the brush border of proximal renal tubular cells and therefore does not require concomitant administration with a DHP-1 inhibitor such as cilastatin. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
  • The difference in efficacy between treatments resulted possibly from uneven assignment of patients with more severe infection to the group that received meropenem. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Regimen1
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cefotetan monotherapeutic prophylaxis versus any other antibiotic regimen (standard/literature-supported and otherwise) was studied for patient encounters between September 2010 and December 2019 within a single Level 1 regional trauma center. (bvsalud.org)
Vancomycin1
  • 14. Risk of surgical site infection, acute kidney injury, and Clostridium difficile infection following antibiotic prophylaxis with vancomycin plus a beta-lactam versus either drug alone: A national propensity-score-adjusted retrospective cohort study. (nih.gov)
Typically3
  • [ 21 , 22 , 23 ] Antibiotic administration is typically delayed until after the umbilical cord is clamped to avoid utero-placental transfer of antibiotic to the fetus, which has the potential for masking of neonatal infection. (medscape.com)
  • Various treatises on the use of protecting groups note that tertiary alkyl esters, such as t-butyl esters, are stable to mild base hydrolysis typically used to hydrolyze primary alkyl esters, such as ethyl esters. (allindianpatents.com)
  • While cefotetan is typically used, etrapenem was was associated with significantly fewer post-operative complications. (mikethemadbiologist.com)
Resistant1
  • Failures were caused by resistant organisms (Streptococcus group D, Bacteroides fragilis and Pseudomonas) appearing in incompletely drained infection sites. (nih.gov)
Fluoroquinolones1
  • Fluoroquinolones /quinolone antibiotic is any member of a large group of broad-spectrum bactericides that share a bicyclic core structure related to the compound 4-quinolone. (illnesshacker.com)
Microbiology1
Versus1
  • Thus, 1-year data for 138 Type III open fractures were included, accounting for only the binary effect of cefotetan (n = 42) versus non-cefotetan cohorts. (bvsalud.org)
Fungus1
  • ˌsɛfələˈspɔːrɪn, ˌkɛ-, -loʊ-/) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium. (wikipedia.org)
Doses1
  • Patient comorbidities, preoperative fracture characteristics, and in-hospital/operative metrics (including length of stay [LOS], number of antibiotic doses, and antibiotic costs [US$]) were included for analysis. (bvsalud.org)
Contributes1
  • Administration of antibiotics contributes to cholestasis in pediatric patients with intestinal failure via the alteration of FXR signaling. (nih.gov)
Ciprofloxacin1
  • One example is ciprofloxacin, one of the most widely used antibiotics worldwide. (illnesshacker.com)
Inactivate1
  • For example, they have an internal mechanism of changing their structure so the antibiotic no longer works, they develop ways to inactivate or neutralize the antibiotic. (emedexpert.com)
Allergic4
  • citation needed] The antibiotic may be used for patients who are allergic to penicillin due to the different β-lactam antibiotic structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure if a medication you are allergic to belongs to one of these groups of medications. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sometimes this and other apparent cross-reactions (eg, between sulfonamide antibiotics and nonantibiotics) are due to a predisposition to allergic reactions rather than to specific immune cross-reactivity. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Antibiotics within a structural class will generally have similar patterns of effectiveness, toxicity, and allergic potential. (emedexpert.com)
Peptidoglycan2
  • Beta-lactam antibiotics mimic the D-Ala-D-Ala site, thereby irreversibly inhibiting PBP crosslinking of peptidoglycan. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lysozyme's active site binds the peptidoglycan molecule in the prominent cleft between its two domains. (cloudfront.net)
Treatment6
  • Empirical antibiotic treatment is recommended for patients with otherwise unexplained uterine or adnexal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness, according to guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)
  • The link between antibiotic treatment and IF-associated liver disease (IFALD) is unclear. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we study the effect of antibiotic treatment on bile acid (BA) metabolism and investigate the involved mechanisms. (nih.gov)
  • Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Articles on this website are meant for educational purposes only and are not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. (quick.md)
  • 80% of recurrences occurred within the first 9 days post-antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
Drugs3
  • about the same percentage of patients react to structurally unrelated antibiotics (eg, sulfa drugs). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Antibiotics belong to a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes anti-virals, anti-fungals, and anti-parasitic drugs. (emedexpert.com)
  • Labels for medications are available from the DailyMed website provided by the NIH's National Library of Medicine as well as from Drugs@FDA . (nih.gov)
Chlamydia1
  • An antibiotic called Doxycycline is the most common medicine used to treat chlamydia. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
METHODS4
  • METHODS: We compared consecutively enrolled TB cases to a group of randomly selected community controls without evidence of TB. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: Seventy-eight African American women were recruited for eight focus groups that discussed breast cancer screening. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods for preparing water soluble, non-peptidic polymers carrying carboxyl functional groups, particularly carboxylic acid functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers, are disclosed, as are the products of these methods. (allindianpatents.com)
  • This invention relates to methods for preparing water soluble, non-peptidic polymers carrying carboxyl functional groups, particularly carboxylic acid functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers. (allindianpatents.com)
Patients1
  • Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (≥ 1% of patients) associated with the cephalosporin therapy include: diarrhea, nausea, rash, electrolyte disturbances, and pain and inflammation at injection site. (wikipedia.org)
Classification1
  • Although there are several systems for classification of antibiotics, the most useful is based on chemical structure. (emedexpert.com)
Effect1
  • This difference in who actually experiences symptoms between these two groups may have some effect on how long it takes for symptoms show up. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
Enzymes2
  • Classes A, C, and D have a serine residue at the active site, whereas class B enzymes have zinc at the active site, ie, metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Group 3 are the zinc based or metallo {beta} lactamases, corresponding to the molecular class B, which are the only enzymes acting by the metal ion zinc as discussed above. (wikidoc.org)
Cephalexin1
  • Cefadroxil is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a structure similar to that of cephalexin and cephradine. (goldbio.com)