Single cdna expressed sequence tags. Medical search. Frequent questions

It has been estimated that ~100,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) can be identified in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Sequencing of 16 M. persicae cDNA libraries generated 26,669 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). (nih.gov)
The objectives of this study were to construct a normalized cDNA library for efficient EST analysis, to generate thousands of ESTs, and to analyze the ESTs for microsatellites and potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). (nih.gov)
A total of 35 microsatellites were identified from the ESTs, with 18 having sufficient flanking sequences for primer design. (nih.gov)
A total of 5,542 ESTs were generated representing 4,688 unique sequences. (nih.gov)
A total of 600,000 sequencing attempts were made, generating a total of 438,321 quality ESTs. (auburn.edu)
In order to select reliable SNPs, contigs containing four or more ESTs should be used and the minor allele sequence should be represented at least twice. (auburn.edu)
Application of such quality assessment measures, along with large resources of ESTs, should provide effective means for SNP identification in species where genome sequence resources are lacking. (auburn.edu)
Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) isolated from a chicken pineal gland cDNA library. (westminster.ac.uk)
6% of the ESTs matched neither GenBank cDNA sequences nor the newly assembled chicken genomic DNA sequence, three ESTs aligned with sequences designated to be on the Z_random, while one matched a W chromosome sequence and could be useful in cataloguing functionally important genes on this sex chromosome. (westminster.ac.uk)
Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and validated in 10 ESTs that showed 98% or higher sequence similarity to known chicken genes. (westminster.ac.uk)
Single pass sequencing of such libraries will be used to create a catalogue of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) that will be used to develop single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers. (europa.eu)
SNPs can be isolated from cDNA, messenger RNA, and ESTs. (andrologica.org)
For genetic characterization of rapid cell elongation in cotton fibers, ∼ 14,000 unique genes were assembled from 46,603 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from developmentally staged fiber cDNAs of a cultivated diploid species (Gossypium arboreum L.). Conservatively, the fiber transcriptome represents 35-40% of the genes in the cotton genome. (edu.sa)
Sequence-finished full-length (FL)cDNAs and large collections of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are essential for gene discovery, functional genomics, and for future efforts of conifer genome annotation. (inrae.fr)
We sequenced and analyzed 206,875 3'- or 5'-end ESTs from these libraries, and developed a resource of 6,464 high-quality sequence-finished FLcDNAs from Sitka spruce. (inrae.fr)
Our emphasis on capturing FLcDNAs and ESTs from cDNA libraries representing herbivore-, wound- or elicitor-treated induced spruce tissues, along with incorporating normalization to capture rare transcripts, resulted in a rich resource for functional genomics and proteomics studies. (inrae.fr)
Among the matched sequences, ESTs were identified from tissues other than berries or from berries at different developmental stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Additional MPSS signatures not matching to known grape ESTs can extend our knowledge of the V. vinifera transcriptome, particularly when these data are used to assist in annotation of whole genome sequences from Vitis vinifera . (biomedcentral.com)
The Atlantic Cod Genomics and Broodstock Development Project (www.codgene.ca) aims to generate an extensive set of molecular tools for cod, including a database containing approximately 160,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). (canada.ca)
To date approximately 25,000 ESTs have been generated from normalized cDNA libraries representing various tissues (e.g. gonad, liver, heart, gill, brain), and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) libraries are being created for the purpose of identifying cod genes responsive to immunogens or environmental stress. (canada.ca)
Automatic comparisons of data from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with genes (for example using the program Acembly, for which the results are available from the NCBI AceView server [ 2 ]) shows that all the human protein prenyltransferase genes have multiple alternative splice variants. (biomedcentral.com)
The short cDNA sequence Fragments when making this method are called expressed sequence tags , or ESTs. (multi-mania.be)

The M. persicae cDNA libraries include ones made from sexual and asexual whole aphids, guts, heads, and salivary glands. (nih.gov)
In silico comparison of cDNA libraries identified aphid genes with tissue-specific expression patterns, and gene expression that is induced by feeding on Nicotiana benthamiana. (nih.gov)
In this project, a total of 12 cDNA libraries were constructed including eight from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and four from blue catfish (I. furcatus). (auburn.edu)
Sequence based assays will be developed following the creation of cDNA libraries from selected tissues of A. senegal. (europa.eu)
However, the cDNA for this protein can be identified in the expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries. (elsevierpure.com)
RESULTS: As part of a conifer genomics program to characterize defense against insects and adaptation to local environments, and to discover genes for the production of biomaterials, we developed 20 standard, normalized or full-length enriched cDNA libraries from Sitka spruce (P. sitchensis), white spruce (P. glauca), and interior spruce (P. glauca-engelmannii complex). (inrae.fr)
The high-complexity cDNA libraries are being built from tissues collected in New Brunswick and Newfoundland, and individuals from the same populations have also been used to generate families for selective breeding. (canada.ca)
With the advent of deep sequencing technologies it has now become practical to sequence CAGE tag libraries to much greater depth, providing millions of tags from each biological sample. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on cDNA libraries of four cultivated oat genotypes, approximately 127,000 contigs were assembled from approximately one million Roche 454 sequence reads. (biomedcentral.com)

A total of 6,528 clones were sequenced from this library generating 5,542 high-quality EST sequences. (nih.gov)
Single pass sequencing of cDNA clones provides a rapid route to gene discovery and production of EST's (2). (le.ac.uk)
Systematic sequencing of cDNA clones derived from xylem and leaf tissue will produce a new generation of research tools for conifer biology. (le.ac.uk)
The map position of cDNA clones relative to the predicted location of quantitative trait loci will provide new opportunities to unravel the genetic control of polygenic traits in forest tree species. (le.ac.uk)

Through RNA splicing mechanisms, mRNA has the ability to select different protein-coding segments (exons) of a gene, or even different parts of exons from RNA to form different mRNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Positions Contents --------- -------- 01-05 'LOCUS' 06-12 spaces 13-28 Locus name 29-29 space 30-40 Length of sequence, right-justified 41-41 space 42-43 'bp' 44-47 spaces 48-54 DNA, RNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA or cRNA, left justified 55-55 space 56-63 'linear' followed by two spaces, or 'circular' 64-64 space 65-67 The division code (see '3.1. (nig.ac.jp)
2014). Where annotations were not present or were different, the online Softberry server (http://linux1.softberry.com/berry.phtml) was used to predict mRNA and protein sequences using the FGNESH+ prediction algorithm (Solovyev et al. (molquest.com)
Here we performed mRNA profiling using Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS) and combined it with available Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) data. (biomedcentral.com)
This lack of increase contrasts with previous reports as does the mRNA length: this is 50% larger as confirmed by sequencing the 3' end. (embl.de)

Because splicing is a process that occurs between transcription and translation, its primary effects have mainly been studied through genomics techniques-for example, microarray analyses and RNA sequencing have been used to identify alternatively spliced transcripts and measure their abundances. (wikipedia.org)
These include previously unknown sequence data, a collection of expressed genes, molecular markers, and a DNA microarray that can be used to study aphid gene expression. (nih.gov)

Sequence comparisons against five plant genomes and the non-redundant GenBank protein database revealed that a substantial number of spruce transcripts have no obvious similarity to known angiosperm gene sequences. (inrae.fr)
BACKGROUND: Long terminal repeat (LTR)-retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) are ubiquitous and make up the majority of nearly all sequenced plant genomes, whereas their pivotal roles in genome evolution, gene expression regulation as well as their epigenetic regulation are still not well understood, especially in a large number of closely related species. (bvsalud.org)
The purpose of this study was to generate oat expressed sequence tag (EST) information, develop a bioinformatics pipeline for SNP discovery, and establish a method for rapid, cost-effective, and straightforward genotyping of SNP markers in complex polyploid genomes such as oat. (biomedcentral.com)

Over 300,000 putative SNPs have been identified, of which over 48,000 are high quality SNPs as defined by contig size of at least four sequences and the minor allele presence of at least twice in the contig. (auburn.edu)
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a type of polymorphism that produces a variation in a single base pair. (andrologica.org)
There are works about, how single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs (pronounced «snips»), in the human genome correlate with disease, with drug response, and other phenotypes. (andrologica.org)
The discovery of specific repeat elements will facilitate analyses of sequence content (e.g. for SNPs discovery and for transcriptome characterization) and future genome sequence assemblies. (biomedcentral.com)
Three methods are being used to generate markers within specific genes: 1) identification of gene-linked microsatellites, 2) development of exon-primed intron-flanking (EPIC) markers, and 3) analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within EST clusters. (canada.ca)
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant type of DNA variation currently used as genetic markers [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Quantitative PCR and high-throughput methods, such as expressed sequence tag analysis, have been used for measuring gene expression and identifying subsets of elm genes that are differentially expressed in the presence of O. novo-ulmi . (sisef.it)
With the advent of ultra high-throughput sequencing technologies, increasingly researchers are turning to deep sequencing for gene expression studies. (biomedcentral.com)
In recent years several technologies have become available that allow DNA sequencing at very high throughput - for example, 454 and Solexa. (biomedcentral.com)
Although these technologies have originally been used for genomic sequencing, more recently researchers have turned to using these 'deep sequencing' or '(ultra-)high throughput' technologies for a number of other applications. (biomedcentral.com)

Cluster analysis indicated the presence of 635 contigs and 4,053 singletons, generating a total of 4,688 unique sequences. (nih.gov)
Of these unique sequences, over 35% had significant similarities to known genes by BLASTX searches, which allowed the identification of 14,776 unique genes in the catfish. (auburn.edu)

Isoforms at the RNA level are readily characterized by cDNA transcript studies. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, because deep sequencing allows measurement of expression along the entire transcript the expression of individual transcript isoforms can, in principle, be inferred. (biomedcentral.com)
However, individual transcript sequences of the same gene can differ through naturally occurring variations (e.g. polymorphisms), each with its own valid existence. (origene.com)

Computers became essential in molecular biology when protein sequences became available after Frederick Sanger determined the sequence of insulin in the early 1950s. (ind.in)
For example, there are methods to locate a gene within a sequence, to predict protein structure and/or function, and to cluster protein sequences into families of related sequences. (ind.in)

As whole genome sequences became available, again with the pioneering work of Frederick Sanger, the term bioinformatics was re-discovered to refer to the creation of databases such as GenBank in 1982. (ind.in)

Additional homologs (two of AtHAP3 and one of AtHAP5) have been identified from available Arabidopsis genomic sequences. (camregbase.org)
Their design of molecular probes that target the genomic sequences of specific pathogens can enable diagnosticians and clinical laboratories to spot extremely small amounts of viral and bacterial pathogens in patients' biological samples, as well as in the environment and wildlife. (darkdaily.com)

Northern-blot analysis indicated ubiquitous expression for each AtHAP2 and AtHAP5 cDNA in a range of tissues whereas expression of each AtHAP3 cDNA was under developmental and/or environmental regulation. (camregbase.org)

The (PCR) technique relies on primers that bind to nucleic acid sequences specific to an organism or group of organisms. (darkdaily.com)

Genotyping primers should be designed from a single exon, completely avoiding introns. (auburn.edu)
BES analyses identified 6,848 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), of which 3,854 had high quality flanking sequences for PCR primers design. (biomedcentral.com)
Ogle and TAM amplicons from 12 primers were sequenced for SNP validation, revealing complex polymorphism in seven amplicons but general sequence conservation within SNP loci. (biomedcentral.com)

An expressed sequence marker or EST (acronym in English: Expressed Sequence Tag) is a small subsequence of a transcribed nucleotide sequence (encoding a protein or not). (andrologica.org)

In this way a genome-wide picture of transcription start sites (TSSs) at single base-pair resolution can be obtained. (biomedcentral.com)
Advances in sequencing technology have enhanced genome-wide SNP discovery, and SNP platforms have been developed for a number of diploid species. (biomedcentral.com)

Segregating populations will be characterised with both single locus (microsatellites) and multi-locus (AFLPs) marker systems providing framework maps for the eventual location of cDNAs generated from single pass sequencing. (le.ac.uk)

The authors undertook systematic sequencing of U2AF1 exons in 150 MDS cases, and found that 8.7% had mutations at Ser34. (massgenomics.org)

However, large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST) resources have been lacking for this species. (nih.gov)
An examination of the content and distribution of repetitive DNA sequences to identify the location of such sequences within specific chromosomes and their conservation across species of the Pinaceae family. (le.ac.uk)
In order to enrich the genomic tools already available in this species and provide further insight on the complexity of its genome, we sequenced a large number of rainbow trout BAC-end sequences (BES) and characterized their contents. (biomedcentral.com)
The 6,464 Sitka spruce FLcDNAs represent the third largest sequence-verified FLcDNA resource for any plant species, behind only rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and the only substantial FLcDNA resource for a gymnosperm. (inrae.fr)

An example of these markers is the single nucleotide polymorphism of the beta-globin gene, which allows prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell disease. (andrologica.org)

However, the lack of a reference genome sequence hampers research progress for both academic and applied purposes. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, comparative genomics through BES can be used for identifying positional candidate genes from QTL mapping studies, aid in future assembly of a reference genome sequence and elucidating sequence content and complexity in the rainbow trout genome. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast to angiosperms, functional and comparative genomics research on conifers, or other gymnosperms, is limited by the lack of a relevant reference genome sequence. (inrae.fr)

If the cDNAs contain translation initiation sites, they may be suitable for functional genomics studies. (umn.edu)
Opportunities for future applications of the sequence and clone resources for comparative and functional genomics are discussed. (inrae.fr)

The first rainbow trout repeat elements database (INRA RT rep1.0) containing 735 putative repeat elements was developed, and identified almost 59.5% of the BES database in base-pairs as repetitive sequence. (biomedcentral.com)

The unexpected presence of multiple forms of each HAP homolog in Arabidopsis compared with the single genes in yeast and vertebrates suggests that the HAP235 complex may play diverse roles in gene transcription in higher plants. (camregbase.org)
The derived amino acid sequence of Ov-phy-1 encoded a peptide that was most similar to the two Caenorhabditis elegans prolyl 4-hydroxylase homologues and to the isoform II enzymes of vertebrates. (embl.de)
In vertebrates, chick MNR2 and mouse HB9 are expressed in presumptive somatic motoneuron progenitors. (jneurosci.org)

These tag-based technologies, which do not require a priori knowledge of genomic sequence, are well-suited for transcriptional profiling. (biomedcentral.com)

Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and developmental polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies demonstrated that Ov-phy-1 was expressed in L3 and adult parasites. (embl.de)

Background: Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) sequences are generally single-strand, single-pass sequences, only 200-600 nucleotides long, contain errors resulting in frame shifts, and represent different parts of their parent cDNA. (umn.edu)
However, large-scale nucleotide sequencing directed at the human genome (3 billion nucleotides! (nationalacademies.org)

Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) sequencing is one of the most efficient means for gene discovery and gene expression profiling. (auburn.edu)
They can be used to identify genes to be transcribed and in gene discovery, and for sequence determination. (andrologica.org)

abstract = "Cotton fibers are single-celled seed trichomes of major economic importance. (edu.sa)

Nmr ballymena bathurst methodologies for: understanding formation mechanisms of porous materials zeolites, zeotypes, where to meet swedish singles in germany free and mofs structural characterization of The postcode is mandatory albury-wodonga in the address without postcode time sending any katanning letter or package assenede. (aitzol.com)

In 2013, the genome sequences of O. ulmi and O. novo-ulmi were publicly released. (sisef.it)
Next-generation sequencing identified two de novo truncating variants in the Src-family tyrosine kinase, LYN , p.Y508*, p.Q507* and a de novo missense variant, p.Y508F, that result in constitutive activation of Lyn kinase. (nature.com)

Here, we have described resources that may be useful in comparative and functional genomic analysis of genes expressed in an important organ, the pineal gland, in a model and agriculturally important organism. (westminster.ac.uk)
In this study, we thoroughly examined the repetitive components of male and female H. scandens using next-generation sequencing data followed by bioinformatics analysis and florescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (bvsalud.org)
This study improves our understanding of the repetitive sequence organization of H. scandens genome and provides a basis for further analysis of their chromosome evolution process. (bvsalud.org)
Until recently, however, functional analysis of the DED fungi was hampered by the lack of protocols for efficient gene knockout and by the unavailability of a full genome sequence. (sisef.it)
Here we present a set of rigorous methods for normalization, quantification of noise, and co-expression analysis of deep sequencing data. (biomedcentral.com)
There are several advantages that deep-sequencing approaches to gene expression analysis offer over standard micro-array approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
CAGE-tag based expression measurements directly link the expression to individual TSSs, thereby providing a much better guidance for analysis of the regulation of transcription initiation. (biomedcentral.com)
However, whereas for micro-arrays there has been a large amount of work devoted to the analysis of the data, including issues of normalization, noise analysis, sequence-composition biases, background corrections, and so on, deep sequencing based expression analysis is still in its infancy and no standardized analysis protocols have been developed so far. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we present new mathematical and computational procedures for the analysis of deep sequencing expression data. (biomedcentral.com)
Another early contributor to bioinformatics was Elvin A. Kabat , who pioneered biological sequence analysis in 1970 with his comprehensive volumes of antibody sequences released with Tai Te Wu between 1980 and 1991. (ind.in)
Sequence analysis of new coronavirus (CoV). (cdc.gov)

450 /chromosome="12" /clone="GT200015" /clone_lib="lambda gt11 human liver cDNA (GeneTech. (nig.ac.jp)
Integration of shotgun sequence assembly with genetic mapping enabled chromosome-scale reconstruction of the genome. (inrae.fr)
Transposable elements (TEs) and satellite DNAs, two major categories of repetitive sequences, are expected to accumulate in non-recombining genome regions, including sex-linked regions, and contribute to sex chromosome evolution. (bvsalud.org)

The BioProject database is a searcheable collection of complete and incomplete (in-progress) large-scale molecular projects including genome sequencing and assembly, transcriptome, metagenomic, annotation, expression and mapping projects. (nih.gov)

These analyses have also helped identify genes that were differentially expressed in DED fungi grown under defined experimental conditions. (sisef.it)

A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences. (wikipedia.org)
Entrez is NCBI's primary text search and retrieval system that integrates the PubMed database of biomedical literature with 38 other literature and molecular databases including DNA and protein sequence, structure, gene, genome, genetic variation and gene expression. (nih.gov)
Comparison of cDNA data from three aphid lineages identified single nucleotide polymorphisms that can be used as genetic markers and, in some cases, may represent functional differences in the protein products. (nih.gov)
Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) on metaphase chromosomes and on extended chromatin will be used to physically locate repetitive as well as single copy DNA sequences on conifer chromosomes and to integrate physical and genetic maps. (le.ac.uk)

This large scale EST sequencing project would allow the identification of majority of catfish transcriptome. (auburn.edu)

The IL-33 cDNA sequences encode 270 and 266 amino acid polypeptides for human and mouse, respectively, corresponding to full-length proteins with calculated masses of 30 and 29.9 kDa [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In yeast a single complex of three proteins termed HAP2 HAP3 and HAP5 binds to this sequence and in mammals the three components of the equivalent complex (called variously NF-Y CBF or CP1) are also represented by single genes. (camregbase.org)

The National Human Genome Research Institute defines a "probe" in genetics as a "single-stranded sequence of DNA or RNA used to search for its complementary sequences in a sample genome . (darkdaily.com)

Here, we identify and characterize the single Drosophila ortholog of the HB9/MNR2 gene family. (jneurosci.org)

Complementary DNA (cDNA) is a double-stranded DNA molecule, in which one of its strands constitutes a sequence totally complementary to the messenger RNA from which it has been synthesized. (andrologica.org)

A total of 1,350 and 849 full length cDNAs have been identified from channel catfish and blue catfish, respectively. (auburn.edu)
A full-length cDNA (Ov-phy-1) encoding a catalytically active alpha-subunit of Onchocerca volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase was isolated and characterized. (embl.de)
First, large-scale full-length cDNA sequencing efforts have made it clear that most if not all genes are transcribed in different isoforms owing both to splice variation, alternative termination, and alternative TSSs [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The full-length viral genome sequence was characterized coronaviruses (9). (cdc.gov)

1111, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan REFERENCE 2 AUTHORS Mishima,H., Shizuoka,T. and Fuji,I. TITLE Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expressed in human liver JOURNAL Unpublished (2002) COMMENT Human cDNA sequencing project. (nig.ac.jp)
SNP, or single nucleotide polymorphisms, are responsible for a large part of the diversity of the human genome. (andrologica.org)
The portion of the sequence encoding the region of human IF3 mt predicted to be present in the mitochondrially imported form of this factor was cloned and expressed in E. coli using a vector that provides a C-terminal His 6 -tag. (elsevierpure.com)
Among these, Siglec-8 is a CD33-related family member selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, and at low levels on basophils. (mdpi.com)
A cDNA clone was isolated from a human renal library and designated human organic anion transporter 1 (hOAT1). (aspetjournals.org)
and he Began to use it to Identify genes welke are Expressed in the human brain. (multi-mania.be)
Venter believed therein shotgun sequencing was the fastest and must effective way to get useful human genome data. (multi-mania.be)
[26] The goal of the company was to sequence the entire human genome and release it into tje public domain for non-commercial use in much less time and for much less cost dan the public human genome project. (multi-mania.be)
Within their extracellular domains, mouse IL1RAPL2 shares 99% amino acid sequence identity with human IL1RAPL2. (rndsystems.com)

Three independent Arabidopsis HAP subunit 2 (AtHAP2) cDNAs were cloned by functional complementation of a yeast hap2 mutant and two independent forms each of AtHAP3 and AtHAP5 cDNAs were detected in the expressed sequence tag database. (camregbase.org)

The recombinant protein, IL-33 containing a hexahistidine tag in the C-terminal, was expressed in Escherichia coli . (hindawi.com)
The cDNA for bovine IF2 mt was expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of the T7 polymerase promoter in a vector that provides a His 6 -tag at the C-terminus of the expressed protein. (elsevierpure.com)

Notice for patent related sequence data 4. (nig.ac.jp)
In particular, we have developed rigorous procedures for normalizing the data, a quantitative noise model, and a Bayesian procedure that uses this noise model to join sequence reads into clusters that follow a common expression profile across samples. (biomedcentral.com)
however, discovery and genotyping of molecular markers in oat has been hindered by the size and complexity of the genome, and by a scarcity of sequence data. (biomedcentral.com)

More than 60 percent of all National Institutes of Health grants-covering a wide range of problems in medicine and biology-propose use of the molecular methods of cloning, mapping, or sequencing to investigate problems. (nationalacademies.org)
Dayhoff compiled one of the first protein sequence databases, initially published as books and pioneered methods of sequence alignment and molecular evolution. (ind.in)

Approximately 55% of the BES reads (97,846) had more than 100 base pairs of contiguous non-repetitive sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
The H. scandens genome has a high overall repetitive sequence composition, 68.30% in the female and 66.78% in the male genome, with abundant long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons (RTs), including more Ty3/Gypsy than Ty1/Copia elements, particularly two Ty3/Gypsy lineages, Tekay and Retand. (bvsalud.org)

As the common IRD variants have largely been identified, exome sequencing or genome sequencing identify rare variants that require functional validation. (nature.com)

SNP assays directly interrogate the sequence variation, reducing genotyping errors compared to assays based on size discrimination or hybridization. (biomedcentral.com)

Drosophila genes expressed specifically in all motoneurons have not been described, although a growing number of genes are known to be expressed in subsets of motoneurons. (jneurosci.org)

Anatomy11

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Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes49

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ESTs23

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