• Stat3-mediated alterations in lysosomal membrane protein composition. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • For instance, the transformation of plants with a yeast-derived invertase targeted to different subcellular compartments has led to the elucidation of several key aspects of sugar metabolism, including phloem loading mechanisms, the regulation of photosynthesis by sugars, the importance of sugar-metabolism compartmentation with regards to sucrose biosynthesis, storage and distribution, as well as the role of cell-wall invertase in phloem unloading and sink strength. (sun.ac.za)
  • The uptake and efflux of solutes across a plasma membrane is controlled by transporters. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our discoveries have led to a deep understanding of how secretory vesicles interact with the cortical actin network prior to fusing with the plasma membrane to release the neurotransmitter. (edu.au)
  • We have identified a critical role of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate in coordinating the actin-mediated recruitment of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. (edu.au)
  • This active mechanism allows secretory vesicles to dock with the plasma membrane prior to fusion and is controlled by the effector cdc42. (edu.au)
  • We demonstrated that the protein Munc18-1 was responsible for the transport of syntaxin-1 to the plasma membrane. (edu.au)
  • This novel trafficking/chaperoning pathway underpins neurotransmission, as secretory vesicles rely on the zippering of SNARE proteins such as syntaxin-1 to undergo fusion with the plasma membrane. (edu.au)
  • Following exocytosis, the process of endocytosis is required for neurons to replenish their pools of synaptic vesicles by pinching off vesicles from the plasma membrane. (edu.au)
  • We demonstrated that Munc18-1 and syntaxin-1A and are organised in nanodomains on the plasma membrane of neurons and neurosecretory cells that control SNARE-dependent neuroexocytosis through lateral trapping in these nanoclusters. (edu.au)
  • Our lab focuses on the molecular events that govern vesicular trafficking within presynaptic nerve terminals and neurosecretory cells. (edu.au)
  • This has allowed us to probe the nanoscopic environment of neurons and neurosecretory cells undergoing communication. (edu.au)
  • In the brain, SLC transporters are involved in transporting various solutes across the blood-brain barrier, blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, astrocytes, neurons, and other brain cell types including oligodendrocytes and microglial cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • For example, NAADP selectively stimulates neuronal differentiation, or exocytosis in cytotoxic T-cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Methods The transcriptional and protein levels of ALKBH5 and solute carrier family 7 members 11 (SLC7A11) in tissues and cells were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have identified a novel mechanism by which dynamin and actin coordinate a series of membrane events that culminate in the formation of bulk endosomes from which new synaptic vesicles emanate at the neuromuscular junction. (edu.au)
  • Alterations of these biological processes may not only interfere with critical MEC functions impacting CSF and hence optic nerve homeostasis, but may likely alter SAS structure, thereby further impeding cerebrospinal fluid flow. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other proteins have structural or mechanical functions, such as those that form the cytoskeleton, a system of scaffolding that maintains the cell shape. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Engineered constructs were compared to human SAS and assessed for specific cell-cell interaction markers as well as for extracellular matrix proteins found in human meninges. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They stained positively for specific cell-cell interaction markers indicative of a functional meningeal tissue, as well as extracellular matrix proteins found in human meninges. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I further investigated membrane proteins and the targeting of tail-anchored proteins at Sheffield Hallam University. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Computational sequence similarity searches surprisingly identified ~120 more proteins in human with potential SLC-like properties compared to previous annotations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Grape berries are extremely rich in K, which is involved in several physiological processes: enzyme activation, cellular membrane transport processes and translocation of assimilates, anion neutralisation, which is essential to the maintenance of membrane potential, and osmotic potential regulation, which controls the plant water relations, turgor maintenance and growth. (benthambooks.com)
  • Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • To overcome the lack of suitable in vitro models that faithfully recapitulate the intricate three-dimensional architecture, complex cellular interactions, and fluid dynamics within the SAS, we have developed a perfusion bioreactor-based 3D in vitro model using primary human meningothelial cells (MECs) to generate meningeal tissue constructs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The SAS imposes a unique environment to its cellular component, the meningothelial cells (MECs) which are a key constituent of the dura mater and the leptomeninges (arachnoid and pia mater). (biomedcentral.com)
  • We envision that our work will serve as a stepping stone for future studies of the biological function and the identification of the natural substrates of the many under-explored SLC transporters, as well as for the development of new therapeutic applications, including strategies for personalized medicine and drug delivery. (bvsalud.org)
  • Transgenic lines overproducing the yeast-derived invertase in either the vacuole (Vac-Inv) or apoplast (Apo-Inv) were utilised to analyse the effect of the altered sugar levels in sink and source organs on the expression of sugar transporters, as well as the endogenous cell wall invertase and inhibitors in these plants. (sun.ac.za)
  • 2016 ( Journal of Cell Biology ) we found that the Munc18-1 domain 3a hinge-loop controls syntaxin-1A engagement into the SNARE complex during priming. (edu.au)
  • 2016 Journal of Cell Biology ). (edu.au)
  • We show that there are two distinct regions of internalization: most cells enter the deep layer via the central blastopore but many additional cells ingress via an extra-blastoporal ring, either at the periphery of the germ disc ( Latrodectus spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • b Blastoderm cells proliferate and migrate to one hemisphere to form a germ disc. (biomedcentral.com)
  • e Germ disc cells move away circumferentially from the cumulus endpoint. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Germ cells, which are sperm and egg cells and any precursory cells they developed from, are tasked with maintaining the genomes. (thesciencebreaker.org)
  • They are a highly dynamic continuum of vesicles with a rich variety of established biochemical roles in cells, to which Ca2+ storage can now be added. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 2'-3'-phosphatase stimulated by Ca2+ has been proposed in brain and, possibly in pancreatic acinar cells, that catabolises NAADP to inactive NAAD. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lysosomes in nutrient signalling: A focus on pancreatic β-cells. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The metabolism of cancer cells is also different from the metabolism of normal cells, and these differences can be used to find targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The present study was conducted to analyze the role of alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) in the ferroptosis of CRC cells and provide novel targets for CRC treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • HCT116 and SW620 cells were transfected with ALKBH5 overexpression vectors to determine cell viability and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe+, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase 4 using cell counting kit-8, colony formation, fluorescence probe, assay kits, and Western blot assay. (bvsalud.org)
  • Enzymes act as catalysts - they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly - and they also allow the regulation of the rate of a metabolic reaction, for example in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The diseases where cures or at least treatments are sought are complex ones involving many potential defects in the structure, function, or regulation of the cells involved. (springeropen.com)
  • As these molecules are vital for life, metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues, or on breaking them down and using them to obtain energy, by their digestion. (wikipedia.org)
  • While many of them play key biological roles, their systematic analysis has been hampered by their functional and structural heterogeneity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Subsequently, NAADP has been detected in sources as diverse as human sperm, red and white blood cells, liver, and pancreas, to name but a few. (wikipedia.org)
  • and that the cumulus (dorsal organizer) arises from within the early deep layer by cell-cell interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is consistent with early specification of the cumulus and suggests that cell-cell interaction with other deep layer cells is not required for its function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways among vastly different species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The paradigm of water transport across the biological membrane has recently changed, when the molecular basis (aquaporins) was first identified by the team of Peter Agre. (benthambooks.com)
  • The word metabolism can also refer to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transportation of substances into and between different cells, in which case the above described set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary (or intermediate) metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Primary human meningothelial cells (phMECs) were seeded and cultured on collagen scaffolds in a perfusion bioreactor to generate engineered meningeal tissue constructs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CRC cells were treated with the combination of SLC7A11 and ALKBH5 overexpression vectors to confirm the mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, potential pathogens were also previously detected on seaweed thalli and include microorganisms capable of degrading cell wall polysaccharides ( 5 - 7 ). (asm.org)
  • As part of the pia, MECs form a thin mono-layer that is connected by gap-junctions and is in direct proximity to the basement membrane [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lysosomal Machinery Drives Extracellular Acidification to Direct Non-apoptotic Cell Death. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Subsequently, other cell types have followed suit, as exemplified by the pancreas (acinar and beta cells), T-cells, and smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Certainly NAADP production can occur in vitro but whether it occurs in vivo is another question (because genetic knockout or knock-down of ADP-ribosyl cyclases has no effect on NAADP production in some cell types), and there may be other routes which require different substrates and enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • These similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention is likely due to their efficacy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Injection very early in gastrulation labels only cumulus mesenchyme cells whereas injections at later stages label non-cumulus mesoderm and endoderm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our work thus demonstrates early, cell-autonomous behavior of the cumulus and variation in subsequent location and timing of cell internalization during gastrulation in spiders. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The overall goal of our research is to determine how brain cells communicate and survive in health and disease. (edu.au)
  • Despite the complexity of causative factors that can lead to these disease states, the tools of modern drug discovery have the power to cover millions of compounds or fragments and determine their potential association with a target before specific chemical synthesis and biological testing is done. (springeropen.com)
  • In the roots of Steen, White French, Jacquez and 1202 C the formation of multinucleate syncytia by the destruction of the walls of groups of cells often occurred. (sun.ac.za)
  • and showing in Zygiella that the prospective cumulus internalizes first, before other cells are present in the deep layer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • this is shown by tracing cells in timelapse, histology, and by CM-DiI injection into the deep layer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cumulus cells begin migration before other cells enter the deep layer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As part of the Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, the Meunier laboratory has capitalised on the recent acquisition of several super-resolution microscopes to uncover how neurotrophic factors are packaged in nanodomains of presynaptic terminals and then channelled back to the cell body. (edu.au)
  • Our working model has the prospective cumulus cells internalizing first, at the central blastopore. (biomedcentral.com)