Experimentally, a well-accepted model to mimic axotomy injury retrograde repercussion to spinal neurons is the neonatal peripheral nerve axotomy [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sciatic nerve transection, early after birth, results in significant degeneration of spinal motoneurons as well as sensory neurons present in the dorsal root ganglia. (hindawi.com)
Author summary We utilized genetic methods to examine how Schwann cells prevent degeneration of motor neurons (MNs) in the spinal cord. (unr.edu)
We found that tension in neurons modulates active transport of vesicles by increasing the probability of active motion, effective diffusivity and induces a retrograde bias. (nature.com)
We investigated the effects of FTIs on axonal trafficking of endolysosomal organelles and found that lonafarnib and LNK-754 enhanced retrograde axonal transport in primary neurons, indicating FTIs could support the maturation of axonal late endosomes into lysosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
He presented data from his laboratory using a mouse model of Down syndrome that demonstrated the lack of nerve growth factor signaling endosomes leads to the degeneration and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. (silverchair.com)
These data suggest that the loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons was due to defective retrograde delivery of nerve growth factor. (silverchair.com)
Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain. (springer.com)
Using immunohistochemistry and retrograde labeling techniques, we demonstrate that VEGFA-165 and VEGFR-2 are expressed in identified phrenic motor neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Invertebrate central neurons: orthograde degeneration and retrograde changes after axonotomy. (stanford.edu)
It stands to reason, therefore, that neurodegenerative disorders might also cause degeneration of neurons in the retina. (aao.org)
Axonal degeneration4
Amyloid plaque deposition and axonal degeneration are early events in AD pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Even though it remains to become seen no matter if other PD toxin models, for example paraquat or rotenone induce comparable patterns of axonal impairment in midbrain DA axons, upkeep of mitochondrial transport could bridge the gap involving distinct causes of axonal degeneration and suggest a typical therapeutic tactic. (m-entrepreneurship.com)
The discovery of Sarm1, a protein necessary for the activation of injury-induced axonal degeneration points towards the existence of a single such axonal death signaling pathway [51]. (m-entrepreneurship.com)
These new technologies continue to enhance and expand the PDE2 Inhibitor Storage & Stability offered toolset for understanding essential biological processes in order to develop far better therapies for patients affected by major neurological problems.Conclusions Applying a microplatform, we showed that 6-OHDA, one of the most usually utilised parkinsonian mimetics, disrupts the motility of mitochondria and synaptic vesicles in DA axons early inside the approach of axonal degeneration. (m-entrepreneurship.com)
Neuronal degeneration2
Despite these findings suggesting that mitochondria might be a key link between αSyn toxicity and neuronal degeneration in PD, the field still lacks an understanding of how αSyn abnormality and mitochondrial functional deficiency influence each other. (springer.com)
In the TLE rat model, neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus increased and RPL6 expression level decreased. (bvsalud.org)
Nigrostriatal1
Riederer P, Wuketich S: Time course of nigrostriatal degeneration in parkinson's disease. (m-entrepreneurship.com)
Retinal1
The mutations in the genes encoding the subunits of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain are the most common cause of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a maternal hereditary disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. (nycu.edu.tw)
Anterograde1
He discussed possible mechanisms of neurodegeneration and the role of axonal transport, both anterograde and retrograde, in cognitive failure. (silverchair.com)
Retina2
Retrograde axoplasmic flow to the rat retina was significantly decreased. (nih.gov)
[7] [8] However, whether this loss of tissue represents primary neurodegeneration within the retina itself or instead secondary retrograde degeneration due to neuronal and axonal loss in the brain has not yet been determined. (aao.org)
Apoptotic3
We conducted this study to characterize the episcleral vessel cauterization glaucoma model in the rat with respect to decreased retrograde axoplasmic flow and subsequent apoptotic RGC death. (nih.gov)
Retrograde axoplasmic flow and TUNEL-stained apoptotic dead cells were observed microscopically. (nih.gov)
We concluded that elevated intraocular pressure caused apoptotic RGC death through retrograde axoplasmic flow blockage. (nih.gov)
RGCs1
In addition, the messenger RNA and protein levels of KIF5A in the LHON-affected RGCs were significantly reduced. (nycu.edu.tw)
Axons1
We found a significant increase in retrograde mitochondria and a decrease in stationary mitochondria in the affected RGC axons. (nycu.edu.tw)
Secondary2
Reflux esophagitis is an esophageal mucosal injury that occurs secondary to retrograde flux of gastric contents into the esophagus. (medscape.com)
The primary cause of degeneration is still under debate- whether cell loss in MSA is secondary to disruptions in the oligo-myelin-axon complex [ 29 , 64 ], or if MSA is a primary neuron disease, with the secondary formation of GCIs following pathological accumulation of α-syn that is neuronal in origin [ 55 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Edema2
Initial pathological changes that could be noted were alveolar internal homorrhage, atelectasis, edema and parenchymatous degeneration, which could be reversible at early stage and within 12-24 hours after injury they could be progressive. (researchsquare.com)
The morphologic features of reflux esophagitis in the distal esophagus are variable and nonspecific, and they include basal cell hyperplasia, elongation of vascular papillae, intercellular edema, presence of intraepithelial eosinophils, intraepithelial lymphocytosis, ballooning degeneration of squamous cells and ulceration/erosions. (medscape.com)
Prevalence1
[ 13 ] The prevalence of reflux esophagitis has significantly increased in Japan, from 2.0% in 1991 to 22% in 2015. (medscape.com)
Existence1
Dr. Mobley outlined the role of neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer disease and examined evidence for the existence of retrograde transport signaling endosomes. (silverchair.com)
Nerve1
The amplitude of the nerve curvature during rotating position was significantly greater than during resting position. (coxtechnic.com)
Incomplete1
[ 3 ] However, reoperation rates of 12-19% over 5 years follow-up have been reported due to complications such as pseudarthrosis, adjacent segment degeneration, and incomplete pain relief. (medscape.com)
Genetic1
The complex pathophysiology behind the RGC degeneration is comprised of a series of genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors and consequently requires a multifactorial approach to glaucoma management. (arvojournals.org)
Disruption1
Improper trafficking of essential organelles, which include mitochondria and other signaling vesicles could lead to energy deficits, exacerbate oxidative stress, ionic disruption, accumulation of misfolded proteins, or the inability of retrograde signaling molecules to reach their somal targets. (m-entrepreneurship.com)
Mice2
Most significantly, the 8c mice overexpress human tau isoforms but do not develop neurofibrillary tau pathology, as do our T44 transgenic mice (4,5,14). (alzforum.org)
Trancriptomic analysis shows that expression of the antithrombins serpin C1 and D1 is significantly reduced in Schwann cell-deficient mice. (unr.edu)
Nuclear1
For successful transgene expression, viruses administered into muscle must undergo a series of processes, including host cell interaction and internalization, intracellular sorting, long-range retrograde axonal transport, endosomal liberation, and nuclear import. (frontiersin.org)
Results1
Results No participant showed retrograde flow of cervical or intracranial veins. (bmj.com)
Blood1
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is caused by the retrograde flow of blood from the left ventricle (LV) into the left atrium (LA) through the mitral valve (MV), causing a systolic murmur heard best at the apex of the heart with radiation to the left axilla. (nih.gov)
Tissue2
Immunohistochemical expression of Oct-4 was significantly higher in the ectopic endometrial tissue samples of women with endometrioma than in the control endometrial tissue samples ( p = 0.0002). (biomedcentral.com)
Conversely, CD44 and E-cadherin expressions were significantly lower in the ectopic endometrial tissue samples of women with endometrioma than in the control endometrial tissue samples ( p = 0.0137 and p = 0.0060, respectively). (biomedcentral.com)
Injury1
On the contrary, reconnection of transected stumps by using biocompatible sealants may significantly facilitate the process, as well as taking the advantage of employing the adhesive as scaffold to engraft stem cells, as well as neurotrophic substances, to the injury site. (hindawi.com)
Contribute1
Consequently, dystrophic neurites generate Aβ42 and significantly contribute to plaque deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
Greater1
001). The Roles and Maudsley score showed significantly greater improvement in group B than in group A after surgery (P = .040). (researchgate.net)