• VGLUT3-transient neurons are large- or medium-diameter myelinated mechanoreceptors that form the Merkel cell-neurite complex. (jneurosci.org)
  • The rate-coding scenario proposes that the stimulus intensity is encoded in the firing rate of the afferent neurons, likely involving SA mechanoreceptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • The cells on your hand that collect touch signals, called tactile "first order" neurons (enter Star Wars joke) are like upside-down trees. (singularityhub.com)
  • Like governors, these neurons manage a semi-dedicated region, so that any signal they transfer to the higher-ups-spinal cord and brain-is actually integrated from multiple sensors across a large distance. (singularityhub.com)
  • The responsiveness of central pain-signaling neurons of centrally sensitized OAk patients may be augmented to the input of these electrical stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have found that our 3D-printed tactile finger tip can produce artificial neural signals that are similar to recordings of real tactile neurons. (hardwoodparoxysm.com)
  • GM-CSF activated the Jak2 and Stat3 signaling pathway which promoted the transcription of Nav1.7-1.9 in DRG neurons. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Increase in c-Fos, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and hyperexcitability of PVA neurons were detected in hyperalgesic mice. (iasp-pain.org)
  • In contrast, optogenetic manipulations of VTA DA neurons revealed their roles in sustaining recurrent scratching episodes through signaling scratching-induced reward. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Innocuous mechanical stimuli acting on the skin are detected by sensory neurons, known as low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). (iasp-pain.org)
  • Touch perception begins with activation of functionally distinct classes of primary mechanosensory neurons, called low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), and propagation of their signals to the initial somatosensory processing centers of the CNS, the spinal cord dorsal horn and brainstem. (duke.edu)
  • Similarly, they stopped sending signals to the sensory neurons when they inhibited the formation of synaptic vesicles by hair follicle cells. (techexplorist.com)
  • Here we identify small-molecule inhibitors of STOML3 oligomerization that reversibly reduce the sensitivity of mechanically gated currents in sensory neurons and silence mechanoreceptors in vivo. (tecan.com)
  • Many nonchemical stimuli, which include pulmonary mechanoreceptors and behavioral or awake stimulation, are known to modulate this phenomenon. (medscape.com)
  • The concept of mechanotransduction, where cells translate mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals, is integral to understanding how mechanical vibrations can influence tissue remodeling. (nehcacademy.com)
  • Fibroblasts can modulate the composition of the ECM in response to various signals, including mechanical stimuli. (nehcacademy.com)
  • The process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals. (nehcacademy.com)
  • Mechanoreceptors are triggered by mechanical stimuli like touching or stroking the skin, which sends signals to the brain and sensory nerve system. (techexplorist.com)
  • 7. Specialized cells and tissues within these organs receive raw stimuli and translate them into signals the nervous system can use. (mukemmellokma.com)
  • However, when chemical signals are involved it is often the female that initiates mating by producing stimuli that inform about sex and/or receptivity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because the release of chemical stimuli may not have evolved to elicit the male's courtship response, whether these female stimuli represent signals remains an open question. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The physiologic responses of the other mechanoreceptors (SAI and FAI) in the fingertip were not affected by the differences between foot mean squared (RMS) and peak accelerations, and forces, demonstrating an equivalent response to oscillatory and impulsive stimuli. (cdc.gov)
  • VGLUT3-expressing unmyelinated low-threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs) are proposed to mediate pleasant touch and/or pain, but the molecular programs controlling C-LTMR development are unknown. (jneurosci.org)
  • Inflammation or damage to the pulp activates nociceptors , pain-sensing nerve fibers that trigger signals. (cdhp.org)
  • Our findings describe a novel bone cancer pain mechanism and provide a new insight into the physiological and pathological functions of GM-CSF.It has been reported that GM-CSF plays a key role in bone cancer pain, yet the underlying mechanisms involved in GM-CSF-mediated signaling pathway in nociceptors is not fully understood. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Rich with all this experimental data, the researchers then developed a neuromorphic representation of the tactile signal, with the aim to transform the e-dermis (electronic skin) signal from a pressure signal into a biologically relevant signal, namely, a spiking response similar to what actual mechanoreceptors and nociceptors would provide. (eenewseurope.com)
  • Mechanoreceptors like thermoreceptors and nociceptors in our skin sense temperature and pain respectively. (inverse.com)
  • Human tactile nerves transmit signals from different nerve endings, called mechanoreceptors, that can indicate the pressure and shape of the contact. (hardwoodparoxysm.com)
  • We found that during soft brush stroking, low-threshold unmyelinated mechanoreceptors (C-tactile), but not myelinated afferents, responded most vigorously at intermediate brushing velocities (1-10 cm s -1 ), which were perceived by subjects as being the most pleasant. (dericbownds.net)
  • Our results indicate that C-tactile afferents constitute a privileged peripheral pathway for pleasant tactile stimulation that is likely to signal affiliative social body contact. (dericbownds.net)
  • This project aims to: (1) Determine the molecular basis of tactile-thermal interaction in neuronal mechanoreceptors. (grantome.com)
  • Fed into a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator, the neuromorphic signal transduction conveyed the changes in the tactile signal as changes in stimulation frequency and pulse width, matching the perceived levels of touch or pain recorded during all the previous sensory feedback experiments. (eenewseurope.com)
  • Ultimately, this neuromorphic signal transduction allowed the prosthesis wearer to differentiate between safe (innocuous) and painful (noxious) tactile sensations when grasping rounded or spiky objects between an e-dermis-covered thumb and index finger. (eenewseurope.com)
  • these bristles are mechanoreceptors that convey tactile and active sensory signals. (thecockroachguide.com)
  • This stimulation activates touch receptors and mechanoreceptors that can temporarily override or block pain signals being sent from the tooth. (cdhp.org)
  • On stimulation, they signal to other parts of the brain to initiate thirst and AVP release, resulting in increased water ingestion and urinary concentration, rapidly correcting the hypernatremic state. (medscape.com)
  • Tissue Remodeling: In response to the biochemical signals initiated by mechanical stimulation, fibroblasts can alter the production, deposition, and organization of ECM components. (nehcacademy.com)
  • The process of mechanotransduction in fibroblasts involves several signaling pathways, including those mediated by integrins (cell surface receptors that bind ECM components), and can lead to changes in cell behavior. (nehcacademy.com)
  • These compounds generally penetrate cell membranes, act on specific target proteins in cells, regulate intracellular signaling pathways, and cause some changes in cell phenotype. (chemscene.com)
  • Here we describe the downstream signaling pathways involved in this process and the possibility of a deficiency in expression of Piezo 1 in preeclampsia leading to the abnormal vascular dysfunction responsible for the pathophysiology of the disease. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Pulmonary stretch receptors are mechanoreceptors found in the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
  • These force "receptors" rely on physical distortions-bending, stretching, curling-to signal to the brain. (singularityhub.com)
  • Conversely, inhibition of PVA neuronal activity using DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) or inactivation of PVA extracellular signal-regulated kinase at the critical time window blunted mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic pain models. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Mechanical stress, also known as mechanotransduction, is the mechanism of converting mechanical energy into chemical signals. (lionel.edu)
  • What are the chemical signals that trigger increased respiration? (sage-advices.com)
  • Transmits impulses through both electrical and chemical signals. (thehealthygamer.com)
  • Hair cells are mechanoreceptors transducing mechanical vibrations to electrical signals in the senses of hearing and balance in vertebrates. (ohio-forum.com)
  • Although several behavioural studies demonstrate the ability of insects to localise the source of vibrations, it is still unclear how insects are able to perceive directional information from vibratory signals on solid substrates, because time-of-arrival and amplitude difference between receptory structures are thought to be too small to be processed by insect nervous systems. (biologists.com)
  • It turns out that specialized mechanoreceptors exist in our body which transduce vibrations into neural signals sent to the brain. (huberlab.org)
  • Through the ommatidium , the roach's nervous system accumulates electrical neural signals summing them up to see in the dark. (thecockroachguide.com)
  • Mechanoreceptors - specialized structures that respond to mechanical pressure within tissues and then transmit signals through sensory nerves. (thehealthygamer.com)
  • The cell treats the excess metabolites as a threat and initiates anabolic signaling reactions to stimulate the strengthening of its organelles and ultrastructure, leading to muscle growth. (lionel.edu)
  • Other theories meant to explain muscle hypertrophy linked to metabolic stress include the acute rise in anabolic hormones, an increase in signaling proteins (cytokines), and the influence of reactive oxygen species. (lionel.edu)
  • Thus, extensive mechanoreceptor subtype convergence and nonlinear transformations at the first stage of the somatosensory hierarchy shape how touch of the body is represented in the brain. (duke.edu)
  • Future directions include exploring how sensory processing in the spinal cord and its variable, modifiable ascending signaling streams are altered in disorders associated with dysfunctions of the somatosensory system such as autism spectrum disorders and chronic pain. (duke.edu)
  • Your somatosensory cortex then processes signals related to touch. (inverse.com)
  • Touch is processed in humans by feeling something - a hand, table, leaf, hot stove, what-have-you - and those signals travel to the thalamus, which then relays sensory signals to the rest of your brain. (inverse.com)
  • These forces are detected by cellular mechanoreceptors, and subsequently converted into biochemical signals. (nehcacademy.com)
  • Mechanoreceptors in the vascular system convert mechanical force (shear stress) to biochemical signals and feedback mechanisms. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Soldiers in the vicinity start to drum themselves, leading to an amplification and propagation of the signal. (biologists.com)
  • These signals pulse through the nerves on your hand to the spine, and eventually make their way to the brain, where they gets interpreted as "touch. (singularityhub.com)
  • How corpuscles convert touch into electrical signaling, what molecules are involved and how they work, remains largely unknown. (grantome.com)
  • This project will test the hypothesis that cooling increases the ability of neuronal mechanoreceptors to convert touch into excitation, and identify the molecular basis of this process. (grantome.com)
  • It can occur in both cells specialized for sensing mechanical cues such as MECHANORECEPTORS, and in parenchymal cells whose primary function is not mechanosensory. (bvsalud.org)
  • We developed a biomimetic approach to separate and characterize slow quasi-static and fast vibrational stress signals acting on a whisker base in realistic exploratory phases, using experiments on both real and artificial whiskers. (frontiersin.org)
  • Contact detection based on the vibrational signal is faster and more robust to exploratory conditions than the slow quasi-static component, although both slow/fast components allow localizing the object. (frontiersin.org)
  • The termite Macrotermes natalensis communicates using vibrational drumming signals transmitted along subterranean galleries. (biologists.com)
  • 04:22 An area of a plant under attack can alert other regions using hormones, 04:27 airborne compounds, 04:29 or even electrical signals. (eslvideo.com)
  • We use computational modeling to address intriguing questions of how the interaction of two distinct oscillations, mechanical and electrical, affect spontaneous dynamics, battle noise, and shapes sensitivity of amphibian hair cells to external mechanical signals. (ohio-forum.com)
  • This information is achieved by the conversion of energy into an electrical signal by specialized mechanisms. (mukemmellokma.com)
  • Movement is transformed into electrical signals via the gating of mechanically activated ion channels at sensory endings in the skin. (tecan.com)
  • During wakefulness, signals from cortical areas of the brain influence respiration, a mechanism termed behavioral control. (medscape.com)
  • it induces Ca2+ entry which is linked to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation as the mechanoreceptor responsible for uterine vascular dilatation during pregnancy. (elsevierpure.com)
  • mechanoreceptor: Any receptor that provides an organism with information about mechanical changes in its environment such as movement, tension, and pressure. (mukemmellokma.com)
  • Such measurements are however difficult in real conditions, since head/body movements and whisking produce complex stress signals. (frontiersin.org)
  • We had posed the question whether changes in dynamic forces that are intrinsic to tools, such as force variation over cycle time (impulsiveness) and temporal patterns (repetition rates) were more strongly associated with physiological changes in human mechanoreceptor response than tool transmission energy. (cdc.gov)
  • The results lead to a simplification of future experimental modeling, since health effects can be studied using sinusoidal signals at different frequencies, which are simpler to produce than the complex signals (particularly for low frequencies) that were developed for these experiments. (cdc.gov)
  • The arrays include more than 8,000 functioning piezotronic transistors, each of which can independently produce an electronic controlling signal when placed under mechanical strain. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This contact detection is conveyed by classes of mechanoreceptors whose neural activity is sensitive to either slow or fast time varying mechanical stresses acting at the base of the whiskers. (frontiersin.org)
  • The time resolution and robustness of the contact detection strategies based on either slow or fast stress signals are determined. (frontiersin.org)
  • Research has proven that cockroaches see in the dark by being able to pool light signals over time. (thecockroachguide.com)
  • In this work-RO1 OHO4025, Temporal and Impulsive Characteristics of Hand Tools, we looked at the effects of dynamic factors, force variable over cycle time and repetition rate on temporary threshold shifts (TTS) in three populations of mechanoreceptors at the fingertips in professional and non-professional subjects. (cdc.gov)
  • Males discontinue aggressive urine signalling in order to increase their chances of mating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results demonstrated that membrane protein binding to PAMPS gels occurred in a charge-dependent manner, and that ITG alpha 4 plays a crucial role in cell spreading on PAMPS gels and acts as a mechanoreceptor triggering cellular signaling leads to chondrogenic differentiation. (cheric.org)
  • 2022). "Mechanoreceptors and their role in chronic pain: a review. (nehcacademy.com)
  • Using techniques to visualise and block release of urine, we studied the role of urine signals during fighting and mating interactions of crayfish ( Pacifastacus leniusculus ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently males generally perform the more costly role in pair formation and invest in courtship signals to compete for mating opportunities with the choosier sex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous research has primarily focused on the role of sexual selection in shaping acoustic and visual advertisement signals with limited effort directed at the role of chemical signalling in courtship behaviour [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The sensitivity of Piezo mechanically gated ion channels is controlled by stomatin-like protein-3 (STOML3), which is required for normal mechanoreceptor function. (tecan.com)
  • They note that although they implemented an autonomous pain reflex, such reflex component could be modulated by the user based on the perceived pain or even, for example using the amputee's electromyography (EMG) signal as an additional input to the reflex model. (eenewseurope.com)
  • Using bundles of vertical zinc oxide nanowires, researchers have fabricated arrays of piezotronic transistors capable of converting mechanical motion directly into electronic controlling signals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Any mechanical motion, such as the movement of arms or the fingers of a robot, could be translated to control signals," explained Zhong Lin Wang, a Regents' professor and Hightower Chair in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. (sciencedaily.com)