• Defects in this enzyme are responsible for the development of several pathological processes such as ischemia/reperfusion damage (stroke and cardiac infarction), Parkinson's disease and others. (wikipedia.org)
  • When cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury happened in patients, multiple pathological processes occur, such as leukocyte infiltration, platelet, and complement activation, which would result in cognitive dysfunction and inflammation. (hindawi.com)
  • The original phenolic hydroxyl in the puerarin molecules was substituted in order to change the blood-brain barrier permeability and thus enhance the efficacy for preventing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • The mouse model of cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury was established to test the anticerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury activity of the puerarin derivatives. (hindawi.com)
  • The results showed that puerarin derivative P1-EA and P2-EA were resulting in an increased lipophilicity that enabled the derivatives to pass more efficiently through the blood-brain barrier, thus, improving the protective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, derivatives of puerarin may serve as promising approach to improve neuron function in ischemia-reperfusion brain injury-related disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies have shown that VaD is frequently caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies have shown that puerarin reduced cerebral edema in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, removed lipid peroxidation products, enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved antioxidant activity of the brain tissue, and reduced the degree of focal cerebral ischemic injury [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition, we tested the anticerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury activity of these puerarin derivatives in order to determine their permeability through the blood-brain barrier and pharmacological activity. (hindawi.com)
  • Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) have become a global public health problem and ischemia‑reperfusion injury, the major cause of neurological impairment exacerbation, is closely related to excitotoxicity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present study aimed to investigate the effects of changes in heat shock protein (HSP)90β expression and verify whether HSP90β regulates EAAT2 expression in a cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury model. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A model of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion was established using the MCAO method. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These results suggested that HSP90β is involved in the process of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in rats and that inhibition of HSP90β expression increases EAAT2 levels, conferring a neuroprotective effect in MCAO model rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • yet at the same time it can induce ischemia-reperfusion injury, which leads to brain damage both in the ischemic core and penumbra area. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • An ischemic stroke consists of two related pathological injury processes: Primary ischemia-induced brain injury and secondary ischemia reperfusion injury ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A study has shown that neurons in the ischemic penumbra may undergo apoptosis hours or days after ischemia and alleviating ischemia reperfusion injury is an achievable therapeutic goal in the early intervention of ischemic stroke aimed at limiting the amount of infarction ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The mitochondrial permeability transition pore is a recognized drug target for neurodegenerative conditions such as multiple sclerosis and for ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain and heart. (rcsb.org)
  • In addition, morroniside could protect ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury by decreased the caspase-3 activity, reduced the infarction volume and minimized oxidative stress [ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Ischemia and reperfusion can cause serious brain damage in stroke or cardiac arrest. (benbest.com)
  • I focus my attention on ischemic/reperfusion injury to the brain. (benbest.com)
  • The Critical Role of Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter-2 in Modulating Cerebral Damage and Vascular Dysfunction in Mice with Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion. (bvsalud.org)
  • Adenosine modulates vascular flow and exhibits neuroprotective effects , in which brain extracellular concentration of adenosine is dramatically increased during ischemic events and ischemia - reperfusion . (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the equilibrative nucleoside transporter -2 (Ent2) is important in regulating brain adenosine homeostasis , the present study aimed to investigate the role of Ent2 in mice with cerebral ischemia - reperfusion . (bvsalud.org)
  • Cerebral ischemia - reperfusion injury was examined in mice with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 90 minutes, followed by 24-hour reperfusion . (bvsalud.org)
  • Infarct volume, brain edema , neuroinflammation , microvascular structure, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined following the reperfusion . (bvsalud.org)
  • Ent2 deletion reduced the infarct volume, brain edema , and neuroinflammation in mice with cerebral ischemia - reperfusion . (bvsalud.org)
  • Ent2 plays a critical role in modulating cerebral collateral circulation and ameliorating pathological events of brain ischemia and reperfusion injury . (bvsalud.org)
  • Research-clinicians at Children's National Health System led the first study to identify a promising treatment to reduce or prevent brain injury in newborns who have suffered hypoxia-ischemia, a serious complication in which restricted blood flow deprives the brain of oxygen. (news-medical.net)
  • Published in Neonatology on Oct. 13, 2017, the study evaluated newborn experimental models exposed to hypoxia-ischemia. (news-medical.net)
  • The experimental models were given standard cooling therapy (therapeutic hypothermia) alone and in combination with a selective Src kinase inhibitor, PP2, that blocks a regulatory enzyme of apoptosis (cell death), which intensifies as a result of hypoxia-ischemia. (news-medical.net)
  • This study is the first to test the benefits of blocking this enzyme in reducing the neurological damage caused by brain hypoxia-ischemia. (news-medical.net)
  • In hypoxia-ischemia, CaM kinase is over-activated, but hypothermia has been shown to decrease this enzyme's activation. (news-medical.net)
  • Currently, the only treatment for hypoxia-ischemia is therapeutic hypothermia. (news-medical.net)
  • If confirmed by further studies, this approach--in combination with cooling -- may help to further attenuate neurological damage that babies suffer after experiencing hypoxia-ischemia,' says Dr. Kratimenos. (news-medical.net)
  • Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) was induced in P9 and P30 mice using unilateral carotid artery ligation and exposure to 10% oxygen for 50min. (wisc.edu)
  • Global hypoxia-ischemia interrupts oxygen delivery and blood flow to the entire brain. (cdc.gov)
  • Previous studies of global brain hypoxia ischemia have primarily focused on injury to the cerebral cortex and to the hippocampus. (cdc.gov)
  • We therefore investigated the impact of global brain hypoxia-ischemia on the thalamic circuit function in the somatosensory system of young rats. (cdc.gov)
  • Global brain hypoxia-ischemia during cardiac arrest has a long-term impact on processing and transfer of sensory information by thalamic circuitry. (cdc.gov)
  • As in previous studies, control mice that experienced global cerebral ischemia subsequently exhibited impairment on memory tests. (jneurosci.org)
  • We have successfully developed various rodent models of brain and spinal cord injuries in our lab, such as focal cerebral ischemia, global cerebral ischemia, head trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, spinal cord ischemia and compression injury. (duke.edu)
  • The effect of moderate whole body hypothermia (300 C) on transient focal cerebral ischemia induced inflammatory injury was investigated. (banglajol.info)
  • Experimental stroke (transient focal cerebral ischemia) was induced by a 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with the use of a suture inserting into the lumen of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in male Wistar rats. (banglajol.info)
  • Our results indicate that moderate hypothermia has a significant protective effect on the inflammatory injury induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia. (banglajol.info)
  • In the in vivo focal cerebral ischemia model, BAI3 expression decreased from 0.5 h after hypoxia until 8 h, but returned to control level after 24 h. (nih.gov)
  • Gross evaluation of the heart showed mild chamber dilatation, mitral and aortic valvulitis, focal myocarditis, and right coronary arteritis. (hawaii.edu)
  • We investigated whether mGluR5 influences functional recovery and network reorganization rodent models of focal ischemia. (lu.se)
  • Previous work showed that knocking out FGF13 in small DRG neurons eliminated behavioral responses to noxious heat. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results show that interaction between FGF13 and Na V 1.7 is required for itch-inducing substances to activate subpopulations of DRG neurons. (jneurosci.org)
  • Previous work investigating the relative importance of neuron- and astrocyte-derived estradiol in neuroprotection found that knocking out aromatase selectively in neurons increased neuronal loss and memory impairment after ischemic brain injury. (jneurosci.org)
  • In situ hybridization analyses of the brain showed the same localization of BAI3 as BAI1 and BAI2, which includes most neurons of cerebral cortex and hippocampus. (nih.gov)
  • Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type in the brain, provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons and modulate synaptic activity. (jneurosci.org)
  • In neurons, TASK channels carrying hyperpolarizing \(K^+\) leak currents, and the pacemaker channel HCN2, carrying depolarizing Background Brain ischemia is known to include neuronal cell death and persisting neurological deficits. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Philips and Felix [ 4 ] proved the presence of Ang II-activated neurons in the brain and subfornical organs [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These RAS peptides are present in astrocytes, glial cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons of various areas of the brain [ 14 , 15 ] such as the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It is present centrally in the brain with about 90% being expressed in astroglial cells and in some neurons present in regions of the brain controlling cardiovascular and other metabolic functions [ 18 , 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the first minute after stoppage of blood flow to the brain, ATP in neurons is primarily regenerated from ADP by phosphate from PhosphoCreatine ( PCr ). (benbest.com)
  • As neurologists, we thought ischemia killed the neurons and that they were irreversibly lost from the brain. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But this new data challenges that notion by showing that ischemia, or low blood flow to the brain, can alter the maturation of the neurons without causing the death of these cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • I believe these studies provide hope for the future for preterm babies with brain injury, because our findings suggest that neurons are not being permanently lost from the human cerebral cortex due to ischemia. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are indispensable regulators for the survival of glial cells and neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) [ 13 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • It often occurs in the setting of acute cardiac ischemia or infarction, and acute myocardial infarction (MI) is diagnosed in up to half of sudden-death survivors. (medscape.com)
  • metabolic acidosis, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia or infarction, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, although any organ system might be involved. (cdc.gov)
  • Tissue death from lack of blood flow (infarction) in the intestines is the most serious complication of mesenteric artery ischemia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, the effect of these receptor antagonists on behavior and CA1 neuronal death after traumatic brain injury (TBI) with acute (1 h after TBI) forebrain ischemia has not been systematically assessed. (utmb.edu)
  • Three behavioral groups (n = 10/group) of Wistar rats: were subjected to mild TBI and 6 rain of forebrain ischemia imposed 1 h after TBI with 45 clays survival. (utmb.edu)
  • When combined with an HS, an UCCAO is associated with ischemic neuronal injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere of adult rat brain, which can be attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia. (medsci.org)
  • We theorized that a Src kinase inhibitor, in addition to hypothermia, would further attenuate the activation of CaM kinase IV and that the result might be less brain damage,' explains Panagiotis Kratimenos, M.D., Ph.D., the study's lead author, and a specialist in neonatology and neonatal neurocritical care at Children's National. (news-medical.net)
  • However, the combination of hypothermia with Src kinase inhibition following hypoxia further attenuated the increased activation of CaM kinase IV, compared with hypothermia alone in the newborn experimental model brain. (news-medical.net)
  • We sought to intervene in this pathway to reduce the heightened cell death, which leads to brain damage,' explains Dr. Kratimenos, an assistant professor of pediatrics at The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences whose research focus is neonatal encephalopathy and therapeutic hypothermia. (news-medical.net)
  • i.p) or vehicle administered 24 hours after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) on behavior, angiogenesis, ultra-structural integrity of brain capillary endothelial cells, and expression of EPO and VEGF were assessed. (researchgate.net)
  • Methods In C57Bl/6 (wildtype, WT), \(hcn2^{+/+}\) and \(hcn2^{-/-}\) mice we used an in vivo model of cerebral ischemia (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO)) to depict a functional impact of HCN2 in stroke formation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • specifically, evidence showing that cannabinoids inhibit neuroinflammation and that immune cells express the entire machinery that constitutes a functional cannabinoid signaling system. (420magazine.com)
  • Neuroinflammation plays an important role in ischemic brain injury and recovery, however the interplay between brain development and the neuroinflammatory response is poorly understood. (wisc.edu)
  • However, hypothermic MCAO rats showed minimal inflammatory response. (banglajol.info)
  • Esketamine activated the mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K) signaling pathway in propofol-administrated rats. (degruyter.com)
  • Overall, esketamine mitigates propofol-induced cognitive dysfunction and brain injury in rats by activating mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling. (degruyter.com)
  • However, the development of new drugs to treat central nervous system disorders is limited by many factors, primarily, delivery to the brain through the blood-brain barrier. (hindawi.com)
  • These excitotoxic effects play important roles in neuronal and blood-brain barrier damage after cerebral ischemia ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Neuroprotective mechanisms, mainly the blood-brain barrier, reduce neuronal firing in response to ischemia (a common physiological cause of unresponsiveness at the end of life), which could protect the brain from irreversible brain damage under these conditions 14 . (nature.com)
  • As plasma renin is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier, it was predicted that there is the existence of brain RAS independent of the kidney. (hindawi.com)
  • According to "Off the Shelf Natural Health: How to Use Herbs and Nutrients to Stay Well" author Mark Mayell, phenylalanine has the rare ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, where it then stimulates your brain to produce "the natural pain-killing and mood-boosting neurotransmitters dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline. (naturalnews.com)
  • Within two minutes of ischemia, extracellular pH can drop from about 7.3 to about 6.7. (benbest.com)
  • The median courses of indomethacin were 1.77, congestive heart failure was shown in 11 patients (84.62%), the median age at surgery was 27.69 days and the median duration of orotracheal intubation was 22.62 days. (bvsalud.org)
  • They did notice, however, that more brain cells were packed into a smaller volume of brain tissue, which led to, upon further examination, the discovery that the brain cells weren't fully mature. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Moreover, optimized tissue homogenisation enables monitoring of the in vivo drug-TE in spleen and brain. (nature.com)
  • I have used post-mortem brain tissue from patients with different subtypes of dementia to address three critical challenges that we encounter in the clinic. (lu.se)
  • I use their post-mortem brain tissue to confirm that the diagnosis was properly set. (lu.se)
  • Brain tissue from deceased patients is extremely valuable since it allowed me to learn more about the underlying pathology. (lu.se)
  • Repeated treatments with Catalpol reduced neurological deficits and significantly improved angiogenesis, while significantly increasing brain levels of EPO and VEGF without worsening BBB edema. (researchgate.net)
  • Inhibition of HSP90β expression improved neurological deficits and alleviated brain injury by increasing EAAT2 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This study aimed to investigate whether resuscitation after a hemorrhagic shock (HS) and/or mild cerebral ischemia caused by a unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) can cause brain injury and concomitant neurological dysfunction, and explore the potential mechanisms. (medsci.org)
  • An UCCAO caused a slight cerebral ischemia (cerebral blood flow [CBF] 70%) without hypotension (MABP 85 mmHg), systemic inflammation, multiple organs injuries, or neurological injury. (medsci.org)
  • However, combined an UCCAO and an HS caused a severe cerebral ischemia (18% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 17 mmHg), systemic inflammation, peripheral organs damage, and neurological injury, which can be attenuated by whole body cooling. (medsci.org)
  • Background Brain ischemia is known to include neuronal cell death and persisting neurological deficits. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • It also highlights the status of the agonist and antagonist of brain RAS in the treatment of various neurological disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • Stroke results in local neural disconnection and brain-wide neuronal network dysfunction leading to neurological deficits. (lu.se)
  • The type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR5) has been shown to modulate brain plasticity and function, and is a therapeutic target in neurological diseases outside of stroke. (lu.se)
  • Myelopathy is a clinical diagnosis with localization of the neurological findings to the spinal cord, rather than the brain or the peripheral nervous system, and then to a particular segment of the spinal cord. (bvsalud.org)
  • This regionally specific protection implies that either the hippocampus undergoes suprathreshold ischemic injury or that mechanisms of ischemic injury vary in different brain regions. (erowid.org)
  • Representative Imaris-processed images are shown in A and B from contralateral (CL) and ipsilateral (IL) hippocampus of P9 and P30 mice at 2 days post-HI. (wisc.edu)
  • Fingolimod, an immunomodulatory agent licensed for the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, has been shown to provide benefit in rodent models of stroke. (ucc.ie)
  • And when these a-synuclein aggregates in the brain, it causes neuronal cell death, so it is reasonable to assume that it is not healthy for other cell types. (lu.se)
  • Glibenclamide has been shown to improve outcomes in cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (thejns.org)
  • With a clinical background in neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care, I have a special interest in translational research in intracerebral hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury. (duke.edu)
  • Damage to Myelin and Oligodendrocytes: A Role in Chronic Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury? (mdpi.com)
  • 1994), and traumatic brain injury (Dusart & Schwab, 1994). (420magazine.com)
  • Muscarinic and NMDA receptors contribute to post-traumatic hypersensitivity to secondary ischemia. (utmb.edu)
  • In addition, 2 biomarkers of brain damage, S100-beta protein and neuron-specific enolase, were elevated only in the patients with new lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, over the past several years, research has been directed to limit the brain lesions produced by acute ischemia (neuroprotection) and to increase the recovery, plasticity and neuroregenerative processes that complement rehabilitation and enhance the possibility of recovery and return to normal functions (neurorepair). (mdpi.com)
  • Silent cerebral lesions (SCL) have been identified on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in apparently asymptomatic patients after cardiovascular procedures. (jafib.com)
  • Recently, MRI of the brain in asymptomatic patients after AF ablation revealed lesions consistent with acute ischemia. (jafib.com)
  • promoter in the intact brain and after different lesions to the brain. (lu.se)
  • However, prior studies have primarily focused on biological tissues outside of the basal ganglia, despite the known relevancy of this brain region in motor and cognitive dysfunction associated with PD and LBD. (mdpi.com)
  • Its effects are caused not only by impaired oxygen delivery but also by disrupting oxygen utilization and respiration at the cellular level, particularly in high-oxygen demand organs (i.e., heart and brain). (cdc.gov)
  • Ischemia is the condition suffered by tissues & organs when deprived of blood flow -- mostly the effects of inadequate nutrient & oxygen. (benbest.com)
  • Consequences of brain injury resulting from oxygen deprivation affect the entire lifespan and range from mild (learning disabilities) to severe (inability to breathe, walk, talk or see). (news-medical.net)
  • In oxygen deprivation of the brain, the pathways leading to cell death are over-activated, including the nuclear enzyme CaM kinase IV. (news-medical.net)
  • Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HI) was induced by unilateral carotid artery ligation and subsequent exposure to 10% oxygen for 50 minutes in infant (P9) and juvenile (P30) mice. (wisc.edu)
  • Researchers report for the first time that low blood and oxygen flow to the developing brain does not, as previously thought, cause an irreversible loss of brain cells, but rather disrupts the cells' ability to fully mature. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In a study published online in the Jan. 16 issue of Science Translational Medicine , the OHSU Doernbecher researchers report for the first time that low blood and oxygen flow to the developing brain does not, as previously thought, cause an irreversible loss of brain cells, but rather disrupts the cells' ability to fully mature. (sciencedaily.com)
  • When more oxygen-rich blood nourishes your brain, like any organ, it operates better. (naturalnews.com)
  • Pulse oximetry may show a depressed oxygen saturation, but the decrease does not accurately reflect the level of methemoglobinemia. (medscape.com)
  • Vascular dementia (VaD) is characterized by a decline in brain function resulting in a cognitive impairment syndrome that is caused by various cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic, hemorrhagic, chronic, and polar hypoxic cerebrovascular diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor following ischemia showed an inverse pattern. (nih.gov)
  • These spots in the brain may lead to vascular dementia. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Nicholas Volpe, co-author of an accompanying editorial, told Reuters Health by email, "The link between retinal venous malformations and cerebral vascular malformations and a high prevalence of headaches in the patients reported is quite compelling and a reminder that the brain and retina are embryologically and developmentally similar. (medscape.com)
  • The future identification of a possible genetic etiology for this rare clinical presentation could lead to important and fundamental information about vascular development in the brain and eye," said Dr. Volpe, of the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University in Chicago. (medscape.com)
  • Microscopic examination of the heart showed inflammatory infiltrates of the right coronary artery consistent with Kawasaki disease. (hawaii.edu)
  • Importantly, most unresponsive patients showed evidence of MMN responses to tone changes, and some showed a P3a or P3b response to either tone or pattern changes. (nature.com)
  • Similar evidence of new ischemia in the brain following carotid artery stenting in symptomatic patients is being picked up by investigators in other parts of the world," Dr. Moll stated. (medscape.com)
  • These patients had no evidence of ischemia before the procedure on MRI," she said. (medscape.com)
  • Recently, evidence has shown that the loss of masticatory function is another important factor of periodontitis to the incidence of ASCVD. (techscience.com)
  • Specifically, they observed how brain injury in the cerebral cortex of fetal sheep evolved over one month and found no evidence that cells were dying or being lost. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The patient had evidence of ischemia in both lower limbs and in digits two and three of the left hand. (medscape.com)
  • If treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, however, cardiac arrest is survivable, but survivors often show evidence of injury in selectively vulnerable regions of the brain. (cdc.gov)
  • Excessive glutamate release resulting in excessive Ca +2 entry into cells is the excitotoxicity which initiates the brain ischemic damage seen in stroke and cardiac arrest. (benbest.com)
  • One month after they were born, their MRIs showed brain ischemia. (iahp.org)
  • NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - A substantial minority of patients with venous malformation of the retina show brain anomalies, too, suggesting that brain MRIs may be appropriate in such patients, according to a small study. (medscape.com)
  • The chief aim in this study was to investigate whether changing temperature during and after ischemia could minimize this damage by reducing the inflammatory injury. (banglajol.info)
  • Puerarin has shown protective effect on injury of neural cell. (hindawi.com)
  • Estradiol produced in the brains of male and female animals promotes synaptic plasticity, cognition, and neuron survival after injury. (jneurosci.org)
  • but after injury, astrocytes begin to produce the enzyme as well, leading to increases in brain estrogen levels. (jneurosci.org)
  • In response to a brain injury, astrocytes proliferate and become hypertrophic with an increased expression of intermediate filament proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • Humans may sustain a variety of forms of acute central nervous system injury including ischemia, trauma, vasospasm, and perinatal hypoxemia. (duke.edu)
  • The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories is dedicated to examining the pathophysiology of acute brain and spinal cord injury with particular reference to disease states managed in the perioperative or neurointensive care environments. (duke.edu)
  • At 2 days post-injury, brain sections were stained with Iba1 (microglial stain), and quantitative morphometrics were performed using Imaris software. (wisc.edu)
  • Microglia maturation is associated with changes in morphology and gene expression, and microglial responses to ischemia in the developing brain differ based on the age at which injury occurs. (wisc.edu)
  • By identifying MRI biomarkers in animal models of pediatric brain injury, Waisman investigator Peter Ferrazzano hopes to provide a means for selecting the patients most likely to benefit from a particular neuroprotective intervention in subsequent clinical trials. (wisc.edu)
  • Physician-scientists at Oregon Health & Science University Doernbecher Children's Hospital are challenging the way pediatric neurologists think about brain injury in the pre-term infant. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Researchers at OHSU Doernbecher have conducted a number of studies in preterm fetal sheep to define how disturbances in brain blood flow lead to injury in the developing brain. (sciencedaily.com)
  • For this study, Back and colleagues used pioneering new MRI studies that allow injury to the developing brain to be identified much earlier than previously feasible. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Herein, we investigated the role of esketamine in propofol-induced brain injury. (degruyter.com)
  • A rat model of propofol-induced brain injury was established with or without the treatment of esketamine. (degruyter.com)
  • However, whether esketamine has an effect on propofol-induced brain injury has not been investigated. (degruyter.com)
  • Intoxication, (Reigart and Roberts 1999) brain injury (Wyckoff, Davies et al . (cdc.gov)
  • 1995). There are notable studies showing the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid-like compounds, such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) metabolites and the endogenous compound palmitoylethanolamide. (420magazine.com)
  • however, the progress of biochemical and inflammatory mechanisms associated with cerebral ischemia is also relevant. (medscimonit.com)
  • The severe damage that VaD causes to the brain parenchyma greatly affects patients' learning ability and memory function, as well as their daily lives and health [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • When symptoms begin suddenly or become severe, blood tests may show increased white blood cell count and changes in the blood acid level. (medlineplus.gov)
  • To this end we analyzed the proteomic profile of cortex and striatum at 2 and 12 h following occlusion via isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/ MS). Our proteomic analysis identified several key proteins altered by ischemia in a time-related fashion as well as by repeated sleep restriction exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Ms. Culpepper's brain and orbits showed nonspecif-ic findings that possibly represented demyelinating disease, microvascular ischemia, or vasculitis. (aao.org)
  • Similar results were found for analyses considering the dichotomized 6-month mRS score (favorable score 0-2), as well as for the secondary outcomes of discharge mRS score (either ordinal or dichotomized), mortality, and delayed cerebral ischemia. (thejns.org)
  • Ms. Culpepper was diagnosed with a right sixth nerve palsy, which-given her elevated blood pressure-was thought to be secondary to hypertensive ischemia. (aao.org)
  • The brain RAS system exhibits pleiotropic properties such as neuroprotection and cognition along with regulation of blood pressure, CVS homeostasis, thirst and salt appetite, stress, depression, alcohol addiction, and pain modulation. (hindawi.com)
  • When ischemic stroke occurs, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia cause the release of excessive excitatory amino acids, mainly glutamic acid and aspartic acid, which exert excitotoxic effects on the central nervous system. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Mesenteric artery ischemia occurs when there is a narrowing or blockage of one or more of the three major arteries that supply the small and large intestines. (medlineplus.gov)
  • MRI definition should include diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) to detect hyperintensities (bright spots) due to acute brain ischemia correlated with a hypointensity in the apparent diffusion coefficient mapping (ADC-map) to rule out artifacts. (jafib.com)
  • These results suggested that catalpol might contribute to infarcted-brain angiogenesis and ameliorate the edema of brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) by upregulating VEGF and EPO coordinately. (researchgate.net)
  • Murine brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 and 2 (mBAI1, mBAI2) are involved in angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia. (nih.gov)
  • Our results indicate that the expression and distribution of BAI3 in normal brain, but not its developmental expression, are very similar to those of BAI1 and BAI2, and that BAI3 may participate in the early phases of ischemia-induced brain angiogenesis and in brain tumor progression. (nih.gov)
  • Initial brain computed tomography failed to show any damage. (uludag.edu.tr)
  • In former studies the expression of two different two-pore domain potassium \((K_{2P})\) channels (TASK1, TREK1) were shown to ameliorate neuronal damage due to cerebral ischemia. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • The brain, therefore, may be somewhat resistant to the effects of ischemic damage while the rest of the body shuts down just before death. (nature.com)
  • Both clinical and experimental studies show hyperthermia-dependent exacerbation of ischemic brain damage and stroke outcome. (medscimonit.com)
  • As an intravenous anesthetic, propofol has been indicated to induce neurotoxicity in both animal and human brains. (degruyter.com)
  • Intrinsic brain RAS is an enzyme-neuropeptide system having functional components (angiotensinogen, peptidases, angiotensin, and specific receptor proteins) with important biological and neurobiological activities in the brain. (hindawi.com)
  • tMCAO-induced disruption of brain microvessels was ameliorated in Ent2-/- mice , with a reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinases -9 and aquaporin -4 proteins . (bvsalud.org)
  • It is necessary to mention that the patient's medical record shows that back in 2007, she had brain surgery in Milad Hospital due to craniopharyngioma. (mepei.com)
  • The outlook for chronic mesenteric ischemia is good after a successful surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
  • People with acute mesenteric ischemia often do poorly because parts of the intestine may die before surgery can be done. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Compared with sham-injured control mice (top), control mice subjected to ischemia (middle) exhibited robust activation of astrocytes, including hypertrophy and upregulation of GFAP (magenta), S100A10 (red), and aromatase (green). (jneurosci.org)
  • Ischemia-induced cell depolarization: does the hyperpolarization-activated cation channel HCN2 affect the outcome after stroke in mice? (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Mice received either saline or fingolimod (0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg) at 2, 24, and 48 h post-ischaemia via intraperitoneal injection. (ucc.ie)
  • Results: Fingolimod significantly increased the frequency of Tregs within the CD4+ T cell population in blood and spleen post-ischaemia in all three mouse cohorts compared to untreated ischemic mice. (ucc.ie)
  • The most pronounced effects were seen when mice were treated for 10 days post-ischaemia. (ucc.ie)
  • In P9 mice, an increase in soma size is seen in surface render images (c,d,i,j) of ipsilateral brain regions, along with a concurrent decrease in hull volume (e,f,k,l). (wisc.edu)
  • Further studies showed that the protective effects of Ent2 deletion in mice with tMCAO involve adenosine receptor A2AR. (bvsalud.org)
  • Untreated, cardiac arrest rapidly leads to brain death. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Capoccia and coinvestigators found a 21% incidence of new cerebral ischemia on diffusion-weighted imaging after stenting. (medscape.com)