Serine protease neutrophils. Medical search. Frequent questions

The genes encoding this protein, neutrophil elastase 2, and proteinase 3 are in a cluster located at chromosome 19pter. (wikipedia.org)
Neutrophil elastase is a serine protease that is abundant in the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disease manifested by excessive airway Na(+) absorption and consequent depletion of the airway surface liquid layer. (nih.gov)
Although endogenous epithelium-derived serine proteases regulate epithelial Na(+) transport, the effects of neutrophil elastase on epithelial Na(+) transport and epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) activity are unknown. (nih.gov)
Low micromolar concentrations of human neutrophil elastase (hNE) applied to the apical surface of a human bronchial cell line (16HBE14o-/beta gamma) increased Na(+) transport about twofold. (nih.gov)
Neutrophil Elastase (ELA2), also known as polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase, is a serine protease belonging to the chymotrypsin family. (novusbio.com)
The three serine proteases of the chymotrypsin-like clan that have been studied in greatest detail are chymotrypsin , trypsin , and elastase . (bionity.com)
NETs are released as a result of a unique form of cell death, where DNA coated with histones and anti-microbial proteins, such as neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO), form a web-like structure ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophils are recruited to the site of joint inflammation and release Cathepsin G, elastase and proteinase 3, proteases which are believed to be responsible for cartilage destruction associated with rheumatoid arthritis. (justia.com)
Breast cancer cell uptake of the inflammatory mediator neutrophil elastase triggers an anticancer adaptive immune response. (athensresearch.com)
Modulation of γδ T cell activation by neutrophil elastase. (athensresearch.com)
Alpha-1 antitrypsin also inhibits other enzymes, including a powerful enzyme called neutrophil elastase that is released from white blood cells to fight infection. (medlineplus.gov)
Alpha-1 antitrypsin protects the lungs from neutrophil elastase, which can damage lung tissue if not properly controlled. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, lung tissue is destroyed because there is not enough alpha-1 antitrypsin available to protect against neutrophil elastase. (medlineplus.gov)
While the liver remains healthy in individuals with these variants, the lungs are left unprotected from neutrophil elastase. (medlineplus.gov)
As Table 1 also shows, the only other protease inhibitors that are FDA-approved for human use are the protein therapeutic serine protease inhibitors, Trasylol, used in heart bypass surgery, and then a growing family of plasma-derived human neutrophil elastase (HNE) inhibitors. (ddw-online.com)
In a phase 1 study of healthy volunteers AZD7986 was well tolerated and demonstrated inhibition of the activity of the NSP neutrophil elastase in a dose and concentration dependent manner. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
Structure of human neutrophil elastase in complex with a peptide chloromethyl ketone inhibitor at 1.84-A resolution. (lu.se)
Neutrophil elastase is a critical enzyme that plays a significant role in the human body's immune response and various pathological conditions. (livepositively.com)
This article explores the functions, regulation, and implications of neutrophil elastase in health and disease. (livepositively.com)
Neutrophil elastase, an enzyme produced by neutrophils, has emerged as a crucial player in this intricate defense system. (livepositively.com)
This article sheds light on the various aspects of neutrophil elastase and its impact on human health. (livepositively.com)
Neutrophil elastase is a proteolytic enzyme belonging to the serine protease family. (livepositively.com)
Neutrophil elastase is synthesized as an inactive precursor and is released upon activation of neutrophils during inflammation. (livepositively.com)
The immune system relies on neutrophil elastase to combat invading pathogens. (livepositively.com)
Neutrophil elastase can break down proteins in the extracellular matrix, facilitating the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection. (livepositively.com)
To prevent uncontrolled damage, the activity of neutrophil elastase is tightly regulated. (livepositively.com)
While neutrophil elastase plays a crucial role in host defense, its uncontrolled release can contribute to tissue damage and chronic inflammation. (livepositively.com)
Excessive neutrophil elastase activity has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. (livepositively.com)
The lungs are particularly susceptible to the damaging effects of neutrophil elastase. (livepositively.com)
Targeting neutrophil elastase has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating these diseases. (livepositively.com)
Beyond its role in lung diseases, neutrophil elastase has also been implicated in various skin disorders. (livepositively.com)
In conditions such as psoriasis and chronic wounds, excessive neutrophil elastase activity contributes to tissue damage and delayed healing. (livepositively.com)
Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of neutrophil elastase in cardiovascular diseases. (livepositively.com)
Modulating neutrophil elastase activity may hold therapeutic value in managing these cardiovascular conditions. (livepositively.com)
Given its implication in various diseases, neutrophil elastase has become an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. (livepositively.com)
Developing selective inhibitors and exploring novel drug delivery systems are among the avenues being pursued to harness the therapeutic potential of neutrophil elastase. (livepositively.com)
The field of neutrophil elastase research continues to evolve, offering new insights and avenues for investigation. (livepositively.com)
Collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical industries hold promise for advancing our understanding and treatment of neutrophil elastase-associated disorders. (livepositively.com)
Neutrophil elastase plays a significant role in the immune system, inflammation, and various diseases. (livepositively.com)
Understanding the intricate mechanisms and dysregulation of neutrophil elastase provides opportunities for therapeutic interventions that may improve patient outcomes and quality of life. (livepositively.com)
NETosis is a tightly controlled cell death pathway requiring among others neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and reactive oxygen species. (silverchair.com)
Methods Transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1 ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, neutrophil elastase (NE) and elastase inhibitor elafin were measured (ELISA assays), and gene expression of the NF-κB pathway was assessed (reverse transcriptase PCR) in the sputum of 60 CF patients with a minimum age of 5 years. (ersjournals.com)
It mainly targets enzymes released by neutrophils, especially neutrophil elastase (NE) but also proteinase 3 (PR3) and Cathepsin G (CG). (hycultbiotech.com)

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (Serpin A1) and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) have been shown to inhibit ELA2 activity. (novusbio.com)
The SERPINA1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called alpha-1 antitrypsin, which is a type of serine protease inhibitor (serpin). (medlineplus.gov)
T o many, the age of blockbuster protease inhibitor therapeutics was heralded by the approval of aspartyl protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. (ddw-online.com)
Indeed, this major success story of the pharmaceutical industry has led to multiple protease inhibitor programmes geared towards the development of novel protease inhibitors that target further viral proteolytic enzymes, such as the NS3 protease of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the rhinovirus, or common cold virus 3C protease. (ddw-online.com)
This article outlines how proteases are involved in virtually all respiratory diseases studied to date and, consequently, why lung disease, and particularly COPD, represents a huge but largely untapped market for protease inhibitor therapeutics. (ddw-online.com)
Activity profiling and crystal structures of inhibitor-bound SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease: A framework for anti-COVID-19 drug design. (salvesenlab.org)
Several endogenous inhibitors, such as α1-antitrypsin and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), counteract its proteolytic activity. (livepositively.com)
Eppin is a serine protease inhibitor expressed in male reproductive tissues. (qub.ac.uk)
Alpha-1-antitrypsin is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily which are proteins known for their ability to inhibit proteases. (hycultbiotech.com)
It is the most abundant circulating protease inhibitor known. (hycultbiotech.com)
However, anti-4C8 did not react with the lysates in the self-possession of DFP, a serine protease inhibitor. (upb.ro)
8. Benarafa C, Priebe GP, Remold-O'Donnell E. The Neutrophil Serine Protease Inhibitor Serpinb1 Preserves Lung Defense Functions In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection. (unpad.ac.id)

The aim of this thesis was to look further into the processing of such a protein by in-vestigating the activity of neutrophil serine proteases and to evaluate the processing of a protein X operated by the serine protease, Proteinase 3. (chalmers.se)
This encoded protein is a member of the PA clan of proteases but it is not a serine proteinase, because the active site serine and histidine residues are replaced, making it a pseudoenzyme. (wikipedia.org)
The Proteinase-3 (PR-3) antigen is 29 kD protein found in the primary granules of neutrophils and monocytes. (calbiotech.com)
Objectives Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) are autoimmune vasculitides associated with antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies that target proteinase 3 (PR3) or myeloperoxidase (MPO) found within neutrophils and monocytes. (bmj.com)
A family of serine proteinase inhibitors which are similar in amino acid sequence and mechanism of inhibition, but differ in their specificity toward proteolytic enzymes. (lookformedical.com)
Cloning of cDNA for proteinase 3: a serine protease, antibiotic, and autoantigen from human neutrophils. (uchicago.edu)
14:00 Neutrophil proteases as link between inflammation and lung adenocarcinoma: the proteinase 3 in the spotlight (AS. (lestudium-ias.com)

Azurophil granules, specialized lysosomes of the neutrophil, contain at least 10 proteins implicated in the killing of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
All 3 genes are expressed coordinately and their protein products are packaged together into azurophil granules during neutrophil differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
A serine protease found in the azurophil granules of NEUTROPHILS. (lookformedical.com)
Identification of constituents of human neutrophil azurophil granules that mediate fungistasis against Histoplasma capsulatum. (uchicago.edu)
Neutrophils contain specialized granules that possess many proteins, including specific neutrophilic serine proteases. (umed.pl)
Cowland JB, Borregaard N. Granulopoiesis and granules of human neutrophils. (kiev.ua)
Bedouhène S, Dang PM-C, Hurtado-Nedelec M, El-Benna J. Neutrophil degranulation of azurophil and specific granules. (kiev.ua)

It has been suggested that these proteases are re-sponsible for the cleavage of di˙erent proteins, that act as regulators of the immune system. (chalmers.se)
In biochemistry , serine proteases or serine endopeptidases (newer name) are a class of peptidases ( enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins ) that are characterised by the presence of a serine residue in the active site of the enzyme . (bionity.com)
It is a serine protease with broad proteolytic activity against a variety of extracellular matrix proteins (1). (calbiotech.com)
Leukocyte Protease Binding to Nucleic Acids Promotes Nuclear Localization and Cleavage of Nucleic Acid Binding Proteins. (athensresearch.com)
Antimicrobial proteins with homology to serine proteases. (uchicago.edu)
Cross-talk among polymorphonuclear neutrophils, immune, and non-immune cells via released cytokines, granule proteins, microvesicles, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation: a novel concept of biology and pathobiology for neutrophils. (kiev.ua)

Serine proteases participate in a wide range of functions in the body, including blood clotting , immunity , and inflammation , as well as contributing to digestive enzymes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (bionity.com)
Once activated, these proteases are capable of degrading various extracellular matrix components, which can lead to tissue damage and chronic inflammation. (justia.com)
Insmed has renamed the compound INS1007 and will pursue an initial indication of non-CF bronchiectasis, a rare, progressive, neutrophil-driven pulmonary disorder in which the bronchi become permanently dilated due to chronic inflammation and infection. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
In an in vivo model of lung inflammation induced by LPS, eppin administration resulted in decreased recruitment of neutrophils to the lung with a concomitant reduction in the levels of the neutrophil chemokine MIP-2. (qub.ac.uk)
Extracellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) forms neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), which act like a danger-associated molecular pattern in that they are associated with inflammation and tissue injury. (silverchair.com)
Neutrophils, as effector cells of acute inflammation, play a significant role in tissue homeostasis maintaining through participation in innate and adaptive immune responses. (kiev.ua)
Kinetics of neutrophil subsets in scute, subacute, and chronic inflammation. (kiev.ua)
Dermal sensitization (50% and 25% w/v) with TMA and an inhalation challenge of 15 mg/m3 TMA-induced apneas, laryngeal inflammation, increased numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and increased immunoglobulin E levels in serum and lung tissue. (cdc.gov)

The triad is located in the active site of the enzyme, where catalysis occurs, and is preserved in all serine protease enzymes. (bionity.com)
Located very near one another near the heart of the enzyme, these three key amino acids each play an essential role in the cleaving ability of the proteases. (bionity.com)
9 This enzyme, together with the collagenase produced by neutrophils and classified as MMP-8, are the only mammalian enzymes known to be capable of initiating hydrolysis of fibrillar type I collagen, 2 10 the major component of the corneal stroma. (bmj.com)
Prior to these more recent developments, however, protease inhibitors were already in common usage for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure and, by virtue of sales in the $ billions per annum during the 1980s, these angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were the blockbuster drugs of their time. (ddw-online.com)

Thanks to their broad substrate specificity, these chymotrypsin-like proteases trigger multiple reactions that are detrimental to bacterial survival such as direct bacterial killing, generation of antimicrobial peptides, inactivation of bacterial virulence factors and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. (evasionutrecht.nl)
Neutrophils contribute to host defense through different mechanisms, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophils play important roles in host defense through different mechanisms, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophil extracellular traps are decondensed DNA expelled mainly by neutrophils during a process termed NETosis. (silverchair.com)

SerpinB1 is critical for neutrophil survival through cell-autonomous inhibition of cathepsin G." Blood 121, no. 19 (2013): 3900-3907 van den Berg, Carmen W., et al. (athensresearch.com)
Although protease inhibition has been standard therapy for hereditary emphysema patients for many years, it is only recent studies that have predicted a further and more broad-based role for protease inhibitors in the treatment of respiratory disease. (ddw-online.com)
The main cause of neutrophils deficiency are inhibition of granulocytes maturation, arrest in bone marrow, or molecular defects inducing apoptosis. (umed.pl)

Various intracellular components such as histones, proteases, and antimicrobial peptides are bound to the expelled DNA. (silverchair.com)
Furthermore, the culture supernatants of the BET-1A cells stimulated with aliquots of bacterial culture containing antimicrobial agents or complement similarly mediated neutrophil migration in vitro. (neuroprobe.com)

In light of the role DPPI plays in activating certain pro-inflammatory serine proteases, the problem of the present invention is to prepare compounds that inhibit its activity, which thereby inhibit downstream serine protease activity. (justia.com)
In contrast to current anti-inflammatory respiratory therapeutics, certain small molecule and protein protease inhibitors also have the capacity to inhibit directly the chronic airway remodelling and lung degeneration mediated by uncontrolled proteolytic activity. (ddw-online.com)
In preclinical studies, AZD7986 was shown to effectively and reversibly inhibit DPP1 and the activation of NSPs within maturing neutrophils. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
Exogenous or endogenous compounds which inhibit SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES. (lookformedical.com)

Thus, inhibitors of Cathepsin C could potentially be useful therapeutics for the treatment of neutrophil-dominated inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary emphysema, asthma, multiple sclerosis, and cystic fibrosis (Guay et al. (justia.com)
Disruption of the natural equilibria between proteases and their cognate inhibitors is a common feature of inflammatory disease. (ddw-online.com)
Shown in Table 1 are the key members of the large families of approved aspartyl protease inhibitors that comprise the anti-hypertensive and anti-HIV therapeutics (1). (ddw-online.com)
Despite the proven market potential of protease inhibitors, outside of the above two categories, the list of FDA-approved protease inhibitors is a short list indeed. (ddw-online.com)
Some members of the serpin family may be substrates rather than inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES, and some serpins occur in plants where their function is not known. (lookformedical.com)
Extracellular protease inhibitors that are secreted from FIBROBLASTS. (lookformedical.com)
Design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of aza-peptide aldehydes and ketones as novel and selective protease inhibitors. (salvesenlab.org)
To keep track and counterbalance unwanted effects of granule-associated serine proteinases amplified by CatC, we will evaluate new chemical inhibitors directly or indirectly targeting CatC in in vitro and in vivo experimental disease models. (lestudium-ias.com)

Neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) exercise tissue-degrading and microbial-killing effects. (mdc-berlin.de)
The resulting novel information indicates that NSPs contribute not only to genuine inflammatory neutrophil functions but also to autoimmunity, metabolic conditions, and cancer. (mdc-berlin.de)
Neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) are critical for the effective functioning of neutrophils and greatly contribute to immune protection against bacterial infections. (evasionutrecht.nl)
Recently, the importance of NSPs in antibacterial defenses has been further underscored by discoveries of unique bacterial evasion strategies to combat these proteases. (evasionutrecht.nl)
The application of fluorescent-labelled activity-based probes to dissect the distribution of active neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) within particular organelles in neutrophils. (umed.pl)
The synthesis and application of metal-labelled activity-based probes to dissect the activity of NSPs and their interactions with serpins in neutrophils from healthy donors and neutropenia patients. (umed.pl)
The best well-known function of CatC is the activation of immune cell-associated serine proteinases such as neutrophil serine proteinases (NSPs). (lestudium-ias.com)
The lack of CatC activity results in an almost total elimination of NSPs in neutrophils from PLS patients. (lestudium-ias.com)

Serine proteases are grouped into clans that share structural homology and then further subgrouped into families that share close sequence homology. (bionity.com)

Any member of the group of ENDOPEPTIDASES containing at the active site a serine residue involved in catalysis. (lookformedical.com)

Human neutrophils migrate towards Ehrlichia sp. (neuroprobe.com)

Antibiotic peptides and serine protease homologs in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: defensins and azurocidin. (uchicago.edu)

Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in humans and play an impor-tant role in the innate immune system as pathogen-eliminators. (chalmers.se)
Neutrophils as the most abundant type of white blood cells are an essential part of the innate immune system, they ingest, kill, and digest microbial pathogens. (umed.pl)
Class A immunoglobulins (IgA) are the most common antibodies in mucous membranes, as well as the second most abundant in the blood and are considered one of the powerful regulators of the functional activity of neutrophils. (kiev.ua)

A further complicating factor is the cross-talk between complement, neutrophils, and coagulation pathways in the pathophysiology of TMA. (jrheum.org)

Depending on the situation, IgA is able to initiate both pro- and anti-inflammatory neutrophil response. (kiev.ua)

Neutrophil cytoplasts, which are neutrophils devoid of intracellular granular compartments, were prepared and used in the experiments as models for neutrophils with limited serine protease activity. (chalmers.se)

Similar effects were observed with trypsin, also a serine protease. (nih.gov)

The main goals are the search for defects in new genes that cause neutropenia, identification of the protease role in neutrophil disorders, designing a unique diagnostic test, and an effective and safe targeted therapy method based on gene editing. (umed.pl)
The use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the correction of hematopoietic CD34+ stem cells from patients, followed by their differentiation towards neutrophils, will enable the use of cell therapy of congenital neutropenia and other hematopoiesis disorders, in the future. (umed.pl)
Examples of diseases with IgA-dependent disorders in the regulation of neutrophil activity, as well as approaches to their correction are given. (kiev.ua)
Particular attention has been paid to the possible association of some diseases in which neutrophils are overactivated by IgA immune complexes with female fertility disorders. (kiev.ua)

Buy Purified Native Human Cathepsin G (CatG), Human Neutrophil. (athensresearch.com)

Further results suggested that neutrophil cytoplasts also have the capacity to process protein X to become more potent. (chalmers.se)
EC3.4.141), is a lysosomal cysteine protease capable of removing dipeptides from the amino terminus of protein substrates. (justia.com)
We now show that HGE bacteria, and the HGE-44 protein, induce IL-8 secretion in a promyelocytic (HL-60) cell line that has been differentiated along the neutrophil lineage with retinoic acid and in neutrophils. (neuroprobe.com)

Results In vitro, PR3 promoted monocyte-derived MGC formation using cells from patients with GPA but not from patients with MPA, and this was dependent on soluble interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as monocyte MAC-1 and protease-activated receptor-2, found to be overexpressed in the cells of patients with GPA. (bmj.com)
Mechanism of Neutrophil Dysfunction: Neutrophil Serine Proteases Cleave and Inactivate the C5a Receptor. (athensresearch.com)

Consistent with its role in the activation of serine proteases from hematopoetic cells, DPPI is also relatively highly expressed in neutrophils, cytotoxic lymphocytes, natural killer cells, alveolar macrophages and mast cells. (justia.com)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine that induces neutrophil migration to sites of infection for host defense against pathogens. (neuroprobe.com)

In recent years, it has been shown that neutrophils have other functions in the body as immunoregula-tors in the immune system. (chalmers.se)
It is primarily produced by neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that forms a vital part of the innate immune system. (livepositively.com)
The review examines the effect of IgA on the inflammatory process involving neutrophils, which involves both the nonspecific innate immune response and the antigen-dependent response of the immunity. (kiev.ua)

Neutrophils in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: same for different M.O. Front Immunol. (kiev.ua)

Miropin, a Novel Bacterial Serpin from the Periodontopathogen Tannerella forsythia, Inhibits a Broad Range of Proteases by Using Different Peptide Bonds within the Reactive Center Loop. (athensresearch.com)

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are autoantibodies against various lysosomal enzymes (2). (calbiotech.com)

histidine (His 57), serine (Ser 195) (hence the name "serine protease") and aspartic acid (Asp 102). (bionity.com)

Azurocidin and a homologous serine protease from neutrophils. (wikipedia.org)

Microphysiological systems for studying cellular crosstalk during the neutrophil response to infection. (kiev.ua)

They form a covalent complex with SERINE PROTEASES and can mediate their cellular internalization and degradation. (lookformedical.com)

Subtilisin is evolutionary unrelated to the chymotrypsin-clan, but shares the same catalytic mechanism utilising a catalytic triad , to create a nucleophilic serine . (bionity.com)
The precise mechanism of how these genes may contribute to neutrophil function or the formation of NETs remains unclear and should be further investigated in experimental studies. (frontiersin.org)

Mechanisms of lisoda popolysaccharide-induced neutrophil retention. (upb.ro)

The project involves combining the clinical and genetic data with the biology of neutrophilic serine proteases. (umed.pl)

These proteases are necessary for the maturation and functioning of the entire cell, thus mutations in proteases encoding genes lead to neutrophil defects. (umed.pl)

These immunoregulative functions are in part conveyed by the release of cytokines and chemokines as well as neutrophil derived proteases. (chalmers.se)

Patients with small-vessel vasculitis develop autoantibodies to PR3 that bind their target antigens on the neutrophil surface and trigger neutrophil activation. (mdc-berlin.de)

Anatomy14

Organisms10

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs151

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Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

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Elastase43

Inhibitor12

Proteinase7

Granules7

Proteins6

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Enzyme4

Extracellular traps4

Inhibition3

Antimicrobial2

Inhibit4

Inhibitors8

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Homology1

Endopeptidases1

Human neutrophils1

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Activation1