Sequences dna. Medical search. Frequent questions

The rapid speed of sequencing attained with modern DNA sequencing technology has been instrumental in the sequencing of complete DNA sequences, or genomes, of numerous types and species of life, including the human genome and other complete DNA sequences of many animal, plant, and microbial species. (wikipedia.org)
RNA viruses are more time-sensitive for genome sequencing, as they degrade faster in clinical samples. (wikipedia.org)
Establishing the sequence of DNA is key to understanding the function of genes and other parts of the genome. (genome.gov)
Since the completion of the Human Genome Project, technological improvements and automation have increased speed and lowered costs to the point where individual genes can be sequenced routinely, and some labs can sequence well over 100,000 billion bases per year, and an entire genome can be sequenced for just a few thousand dollars. (genome.gov)
Many of these new technologies were developed with support from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Genome Technology Program and its Advanced DNA Sequencing Technology awards. (genome.gov)
One of NHGRI's goals is to promote new technologies that could eventually reduce the cost of sequencing a human genome of even higher quality than is possible today and for less than $1,000. (genome.gov)
As part of that project, researchers in Brazil formed a consortium, called the ZiBRA project, in collaboration with Instituto Evandro Chagas and Fundação Oswaldo Cruz public health laboratories in Brazil, to bring mobile, full-genome sequencing to monitor Zika. (genengnews.com)
The ability for any lab to sequence the genome of a pathogen quickly and cost-effectively is a game-changer for public health. (genengnews.com)
A larger version of the MinION instrument, the GridION, is even being used to sequence the genome of the tulip-at 34 Gb, it is one of the largest genomes around. (genengnews.com)
That combination of speed, portability, and affordability puts real-time, whole-genome sequencing within reach of any scientist in the world. (genengnews.com)
The complete genome of an individual by massively parallel DNA sequencing. (columbia.edu)
However, the formidable size of the diploid human genome, approximately 6 gigabases, has prevented the routine application of sequencing methods to deciphering complete individual human genomes. (columbia.edu)
Here we report the DNA sequence of a diploid genome of a single individual, James D. Watson, sequenced to 7.4-fold redundancy in two months using massively parallel sequencing in picolitre-size reaction vessels. (columbia.edu)
Comparison of the sequence to the reference genome led to the identification of 3.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, of which 10,654 cause amino-acid substitution within the coding sequence. (columbia.edu)
This is the first genome sequenced by next-generation technologies. (columbia.edu)
Ten years after the human genome was first sequenced, much work still must be done to translate such knowledge into medical therapies. (technologyreview.com)
The scientists spent more than a decade sequencing the exomes-the part of the genome that codes for proteins-of more than 3,700 Mexicans and U.S.-based Latinos in four different studies. (technologyreview.com)
In interphase, the human genome sequence folds in three dimensions into a rich variety of locus-specific contact patterns. (biorxiv.org)
Here we present a deep convolutional neural network, Akita, that accurately predicts genome folding from DNA sequence alone. (biorxiv.org)
Akita enables rapid in silico predictions for sequence mutagenesis, genome folding across species, and genetic variants. (biorxiv.org)
Led by ASU Regents' Professor Stuart Lindsay, director of the Biodesign Institute's Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, the ASU team is one of a handful that has received stimulus funds for a National Human Genome Research Initiative, part of the National Institutes of Health, to make DNA genome sequencing as widespread as a routine medical checkup. (nanowerk.com)
The broad goal of this "$1,000 genome" initiative is to develop a next-generation DNA sequencing technology to usher in the age of personalized medicine, where knowledge of an individual's complete, 3 billion-long code of DNA information, or genome, will allow for a more tailored approach to disease diagnosis and treatment. (nanowerk.com)
Researchers at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) have developed the world's first mobile genome sequence analyzer app for smartphones, bringing humanity one step closer to the realm of science fiction. (rt.com)
While sequencing the genome of an animal species for the first time is so common that it hardly makes news anymore, it is less well known that sequencing any single individual's DNA is an expensive affair, costing many thousands of dollars using today's technology. (phys.org)
An individual's genome carries markers that can provide advance warning of the risk of disease, but you need a fast, reliable and economical way of sequencing each patient's genes to take full advantage of them. (phys.org)
His group collaborated with a team led by Jingyue Ju, director of Columbia's Center for Genome Technology and Biomolecular Engineering, which came up with the idea for tagging DNA building blocks for single molecule sequencing by nanopore detection. (phys.org)
Kasianowicz adds that a private company might create a large array of nanopores that can analyze a single individual's genome cut up into many short strands of DNA, each of which could be sequenced quickly. (phys.org)
Research in the last few years has demonstrated both that data from the entire molecule will have practical benefits in forensic DNA casework, and that massively parallel sequencing (MPS) methods will make full mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) sequencing of forensic specimens feasible and cost-effective. (ojp.gov)
What are whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing? (medlineplus.gov)
The Sanger method has been automated to make it faster and is still used in laboratories today to sequence short pieces of DNA, but it would take years to sequence all of a person's DNA (known as the person's genome). (medlineplus.gov)
Next-generation sequencing has sped up the process (taking only days to weeks to sequence a human genome) while reducing the cost. (medlineplus.gov)
Together, all the exons in a genome are known as the exome, and the method of sequencing them is known as whole exome sequencing. (medlineplus.gov)
Another method, called whole genome sequencing, determines the order of all the nucleotides in an individual's DNA and can determine variations in any part of the genome. (medlineplus.gov)
While many more genetic changes can be identified with whole exome and whole genome sequencing than with select gene sequencing, the significance of much of this information is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition to being used in the clinic, whole exome and whole genome sequencing are valuable methods for researchers. (medlineplus.gov)
Continued study of exome and genome sequences can help determine whether new genetic variations are associated with health conditions, which will aid disease diagnosis in the future. (medlineplus.gov)
An illustration of the decline in the cost of DNA sequencing , including that caused by the introduction of new technologies, is provided by the National Human Genome Research Institute. (medlineplus.gov)
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics has laid out their policies regarding whole exome and whole genome sequencing , including when these methods should be used, what results may arise, and what the results might indicate. (medlineplus.gov)
GeneReviews compares whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and the sequencing of a selection of individual genes , particularly their use in the diagnosis of genetic conditions. (medlineplus.gov)
What is whole genome sequencing (WGS)? (cdc.gov)
All organisms (bacteria, vegetable, mammal) have a unique genetic code, or genome, that is composed of nucleotide bases (A, T, C, and G). If you know the sequence of the bases in an organism, you have identified its unique DNA fingerprint, or pattern. (cdc.gov)
Whole genome sequencing is a laboratory procedure that determines the order of bases in the genome of an organism in one process. (cdc.gov)
How does whole genome sequencing work? (cdc.gov)
How has whole genome sequencing improved disease detection? (cdc.gov)
Since 2019, whole genome sequencing has been the standard PulseNet method for detecting and investigating foodborne outbreaks associated with bacteria such as Campylobacter , Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), Salmonella , Vibrio , and Listeria . (cdc.gov)
Since being launched, whole genome sequencing of pathogens in public health laboratories has improved surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks and enhanced our ability to detect trends in foodborne infections and antimicrobial resistance. (cdc.gov)
Whole genome sequencing provides detailed and precise data for identifying outbreaks sooner. (cdc.gov)
As the use of whole genome sequencing expands, CDC's national surveillance systems and laboratory infrastructure must keep pace with the changing technology. (cdc.gov)
Whole genome sequencing is a fast and affordable way to obtain detailed information about bacteria using just one test. (cdc.gov)
The implementation of whole genome sequencing of pathogens for detecting and tracking foodborne outbreaks was made possible through collaborations with CDC's Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) Office, Food Safety Office , and Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions Initiative . (cdc.gov)
Our DNA services includes whole genome, whole exome or targeted library preparation and sequencing on Illumina platforms. (lu.se)
Newborn screening in the genomics era: are we ready for genome sequencing? (cdc.gov)
Current diagnostic PCR assays target a variety of SARS CoV-2 genes and the vast majority target sequences in regions of the SARS CoV-2 genome that are highly conserved. (who.int)

However, in addition to being faster and significantly less expensive, this sequencing technology avoids the arbitrary loss of genomic sequences inherent in random shotgun sequencing by bacterial cloning because it amplifies DNA in a cell-free system. (columbia.edu)
As a result, we further demonstrate the acquisition of novel human sequence, including novel genes not previously identified by traditional genomic sequencing. (columbia.edu)
However, the compatibility of these agents should be carefully tested in DNA oligonucleotides and genomic DNA, as well as with available sequencing technologies. (helsinki.fi)
During investigation of the molecular mechanism of large DNA fragmentation in apoptosis, we found that one of our clones, which were derived from 30kb DNA fragments generated from heat-treated human cells, mached perfectly with many sequences in E. coli genomic DNA, E. coli cDNA, a Neiserria plasmid, and several human genomic DNAs and cDNAs. (go.jp)

There are now several different methods available for DNA sequencing, each with its own characteristics, and the development of additional methods represents an active area of genomics research. (genome.gov)
If anyone could properly consider the ramifications of knowing his or her sequence, it is a clinical geneticist," says professor Gert-Jan B van Ommen, leader of the LUMC team and director of the 'Center for Medical Systems Biology' (CMSB), a center of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative. (eurekalert.org)
The U.S. government has sounded the alarm about a critical software vulnerability found in genomics giant Illumina's DNA sequencing devices, which hackers can exploit to modify or steal patients' sensitive medical data. (yahoo.com)
The Mount Sinai School of Medicine Genomics Core Facility describes the techniques used in whole exome sequencing . (medlineplus.gov)
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed genomics by allowing researchers to sequence DNA and RNA at highest speed, accuracy, and cost - effectiveness . (bvsalud.org)
NGS is an effective method for researching DNA interactions that has completely transformed the area of genomics . (bvsalud.org)

The first DNA sequences were obtained in the early 1970s by academic researchers using laborious methods based on two-dimensional chromatography. (wikipedia.org)
Information obtained using sequencing allows researchers to identify changes in genes and noncoding DNA (including regulatory sequences), associations with diseases and phenotypes, and identify potential drug targets. (wikipedia.org)
Sequencing enables researchers to determine which types of microbes may be present in a microbiome, for example. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers used a new device called MinION to perform nanopore sequencing to characterize bacteria from urine samples four times more quickly than using traditional methods of culturing bacteria. (sciencedaily.com)
This has been challenging for a variety of reasons, but researchers from Arizona State University and IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center have overcome major obstacles that may help bring DNA sequencers to your local clinic. (medgadget.com)
So far the researchers have tested this technology on individual DNA bases and plan on being able to soon pass entire DNA molecules through the device. (medgadget.com)
In this study, researchers present a strategy that combines DNA sequence data and specimen occurrence data to potentially find incorrectly identified specimens in large repositories such as GBIF. (gbif.org)
The researchers create ecological niche models for the lichen fungus, Usnea longissima , by using georeferenced specimen data that at the same time have been confirmed to represent a single species by DNA sequence data. (gbif.org)
Researchers sequence DNA to unlock the genetics underpinning many diseases. (technologyreview.com)
But after sequencing the DNA of thousands of children that had these neurological symptoms (and sequencing their families), the researchers found a mutation in seven families that did not correspond to an already known disorder. (technologyreview.com)
SAN FRANCISCO (GenomeWeb) - Noninvasive shotgun sequencing can be used to detect organ transplant rejection without prior knowledge of the donor's genotype, according to researchers from Stanford University and Cornell University. (genomeweb.com)
Similar to previous methods, the researchers first take a blood sample from the transplant recipient and perform shotgun sequencing of cfDNA and also genotype the recipient. (genomeweb.com)
Researchers have an insatiable appetite for DNA-sequence data. (acm.org)
"Today, we all carry professional cameras in our pockets, so it's not that hard to imagine in the next couple years, all of us carrying our own DNA sequencers on our smartphones, as well," the researchers write, adding that people may soon be able to scan themselves for pathogens using just their smartphones, which may prove crucial in a post-Covid-19 era. (rt.com)
Researchers can perform restriction enzyme analyses, edit sequences, create plasmid maps, cut and ligate "in silico," analyze GC content, make homology plots, and select primer sites from a user-specified database. (the-scientist.com)
October 12, 2022 -- Massachusetts General Hospital researchers have engineered a CRISPR-Cas9 variant that overcomes a previous restriction on the locations that DNA can be cut in the laboratory, suggesting molecular cloning approaches can be simplified. (scienceboard.net)
This new method permits researchers to cut DNA in a test tube at any DNA location of choice. (scienceboard.net)
The researchers envision SpRYgests being widely applicable to typical molecular cloning approaches, for more complex cloning methods and for assembling next-generation sequencing libraries. (scienceboard.net)
However, researchers have found that DNA variations outside the exons can affect gene activity and protein production and lead to genetic disorders--variations that whole exome sequencing would miss. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers investigate DNA interactions with the help next-generation sequencing with a great deal of information. (bvsalud.org)
The researchers were able to use dried blood spots for some but not all of the targeted sequencing tests. (cdc.gov)

The DNA sequencing was done with the Illumina 1G equipment. (eurekalert.org)
The mobile lab, which science fiction fans might argue sounds suspiciously like Star Trek's "tricorder" device, works in tandem with sequencers like Illumina, Ion Torrent, PacBio, or Oxford Nanopore to sample DNA which is then analyzed on the iPhone app called iGenomics . (rt.com)
In the current study, analysis and characterization of stutter sequences was performed using data generated from 539 samples amplified with the ForenSeq and PowerSeq 46GY library preparation kit and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq FGx. (ojp.gov)
SSR_pipeline is a flexible set of programs designed to efficiently identify simple sequence repeats (e.g., microsatellites) from paired-end high-throughput Illumina DNA sequencing data. (usgs.gov)
The modules are used to 1) identify the subset of paired-end sequences that pass Illumina quality standards, 2) align paired-end reads into a single composite DNA sequence, and 3) identify sequences that possess microsatellites (both simple and compound) conforming to user-specified parameters. (usgs.gov)
We further show that the Illumina platform is capable of identifying large numbers of microsatellites, even when using unenriched sample libraries and a very small percentage of the sequencing capacity from a single DNA sequencing run. (usgs.gov)

DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence - the order of nucleotides in DNA. (wikipedia.org)
DNA sequencing refers to the general laboratory technique for determining the exact sequence of nucleotides, or bases, in a DNA molecule. (genome.gov)
Nucleotides on a strand of DNA are first tagged with different-sized polymers, and then the strand is passed near the nanopore opening, where a polymerase cleaves the polymers and passes them one by one through the nanopore. (phys.org)
PEG-labeled nucleotides and nanopore detection for single molecule DNA sequencing by synthesis. (phys.org)
Determining the order of DNA building blocks (nucleotides) in an individual's genetic code, called DNA sequencing, has advanced the study of genetics and is one technique used to test for genetic disorders. (medlineplus.gov)

DNA sequencing may be used to determine the sequence of individual genes, larger genetic regions (i.e. clusters of genes or operons), full chromosomes, or entire genomes of any organism. (wikipedia.org)
Medical technicians may sequence genes (or, theoretically, full genomes) from patients to determine if there is risk of genetic diseases. (wikipedia.org)
For example, scientists can use sequence information to determine which stretches of DNA contain genes and which stretches carry regulatory instructions, turning genes on or off. (genome.gov)
It's become easier and easier to discover who you are and where you came from thanks to DNA analysis, and now 23andMe is trying to expand those interested in their genes from a group of dedicated enthusiasts to the general public. (theverge.com)
NGS could potentially make an important contribution to second-tier newborn screening by enabling sequencing of the entire coding region of a gene (or genes) of interest, rather than being restricted to a limited number of pre-specified mutations. (cdc.gov)
A recent paper describes a method that takes this idea further, by using NGS to sequence 126 genes that together comprise the majority of the genes currently implicated in most newborn screening conditions (except hearing loss, critical congenital heart defects, and severe combined immunodeficiency). (cdc.gov)
If all genes associated with the genetic conditions evaluated through newborn screening were sequenced at once, in a time- and cost-efficient manner, the need for follow-up testing might be greatly reduced. (cdc.gov)
In BASE, reporters also refer to Affymetrix Probeset ID but reporters can be used to describe genes, transcripts, exons or any other sequence entity of biological relevance. (lu.se)

The research team used a new small DNA sequencing device called Nanopore MinION from Oxford Nanopore Technologies to investigate UTIs quickly -- without culturing the bacteria. (sciencedaily.com)
When the Ebola virus spread through West Africa a few years ago, a new, portable DNA sequencer developed by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) was brought to New Guinea. (genengnews.com)
As the bases pass through the nanopore, the base sequence is decoded in real time. (genengnews.com)
Additionally, the relatively large nanopore they were able to use should allow the DNA molecules to more easily pass through, allowing for easier and faster reading of the sequence. (medgadget.com)

DNA sequencing is also the most efficient way to indirectly sequence RNA or proteins (via their open reading frames). (wikipedia.org)
Sequencing is used in molecular biology to study genomes and the proteins they encode. (wikipedia.org)
Note: all of the sequences from the links immediately above are simple linear readouts of the amino acid sequences of the proteins indicated. (whozoo.org)
Several experimental techniques have been proposed to identify the DNA-binding sites and investigate the interaction modes between proteins and DNAs. (nature.com)
There is an urgent need for computational tools that can rapidly and reliably identify DNA-binding sites in DNA-binding proteins. (nature.com)
We demonstrate that SpRY DNA digests -- or SpRYgests -- enable DNA cutting at practically any sequence, including a wide range that were previously untargetable with restriction enzymes or other CRISPR-Cas proteins. (scienceboard.net)
With next-generation sequencing, it is now feasible to sequence large amounts of DNA, for instance all the pieces of an individual's DNA that provide instructions for making proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Others, and in particular the life science industry, assert that DNA and proteins are simply chemical compounds, albeit complex ones. (lu.se)
Thus they claim that it should be principally possible to grant various types of patents directed to isolated DNA sequences and proteins. (lu.se)

Viral genomes can be based in DNA or RNA. (wikipedia.org)
Reading DNA through DNA sequencing has expanded access to the information in our genomes. (genome.gov)
The British government has announced it will invest more than £300 million in a project to map 100,000 genomes by 2017 and match the DNA data with medical records. (technologyreview.com)
With current technologies taking almost a year to complete at a cost of several hundreds of thousands of dollars, less than 20 individuals on the planet have had their whole genomes sequenced to date. (nanowerk.com)

Traditional Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing are used to sequence viruses in basic and clinical research, as well as for the diagnosis of emerging viral infections, molecular epidemiology of viral pathogens, and drug-resistance testing. (wikipedia.org)
Viral sequencing can also be used to estimate when a viral outbreak began by using a molecular clock technique. (wikipedia.org)
Since the development of first sequencing methods in 1977, sequencing has become a routine tool in molecular biology and medical research. (helsinki.fi)
Before these 1977 publications, molecular biologists had been able to sequence only snippets. (acm.org)
Wang and his coworkers 12 investigated the discriminative power of three sequence features from protein sequence, including the side chain pKa value, the hydrophobicity index and the molecular mass of an amino acid. (nature.com)
The team has demonstrated a potentially low-cost, reliable way to obtain the complete DNA sequences of any individual using a sort of molecular ticker-tape reader, potentially enabling easy detection of disease markers in a patient's DNA. (phys.org)
The new method determines DNA sequences by attaching distinct molecular "tags" to each of the four chemical building blocks, or "bases," that comprise the genetic information in a strand of DNA-abbreviated as A, G, C and T. Each of these polymer tags can then be cut from the strand and passed, one by one, through a nanometer-size hole in a membrane. (phys.org)
For a decade, molecular biologist Kjeld Olesen has spent much of his spare time developing pDRAW32, a free sequence-analysis software package for Windows PCs. (the-scientist.com)
Scientists begin by using molecular scissors to cut the DNA, which is composed of millions of bases (A's, C's, T's and G's), into pieces that are small enough for the sequencing machine to read. (cdc.gov)
One family pedigree was described with X-linked ichthyosis associated with normal levels of STS and a normal molecular pattern, as detectable with a complementary DNA (cDNA) probe for the STS gene. (medscape.com)

Because most known mutations that cause disease occur in exons, whole exome sequencing is thought to be an efficient method to identify possible disease-causing mutations. (medlineplus.gov)

The tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match Prosite patterns in protein sequences. (nih.gov)
This sequencing approach is based upon passing ionic current through protein nanopores that are embedded into a polymer membrane. (genengnews.com)
One of the most important functions of the tumor suppressor p53 protein is its sequence-specific binding to DNA. (nih.gov)
Our results are consistent with a model of the p53-DNA interactions involving one-dimensional migration of the p53 protein along the DNA for distances of about 1000 bp while searching for its target sites. (nih.gov)
You are hearing Gamma Crystallin Music , a representation of the amino acid sequence of a lens protein. (whozoo.org)
The annotated source list Genetic Music provides information about other DNA and protein-based music. (whozoo.org)
Protein-DNA interactions are involved in many fundamental biological processes essential for cellular function. (nature.com)
An analysis of the number of binding sites in the spatial context of the target site indicates that the interactions between binding sites next to each other are important for protein-DNA recognition and their binding ability. (nature.com)
The knowledge about DNA-binding residues, binding specificity and binding affinity helps to not only understand the recognition mechanism of protein-DNA complex, but also give clues for protein function annotation. (nature.com)
Bullock and Fersht 8 have shown that mutations of DNA-binding residues, such as those on the tumor repressor protein P53, may predispose individuals to cancer. (nature.com)
Therefore, a reliable identification of DNA-binding sites in DNA-binding protein is important for protein function annotation, in silico modeling of transcription regulation and site-directed mutagenesis. (nature.com)
They are typically trained from a set of input features, which can be generally divided into three categories: protein sequence information, protein structure information and a combination of the two categories. (nature.com)
Protein sequence information mainly consists of amino acid residue composition, biochemical features of amino acid residues and evolutionary information in terms of position-specific scoring matrices (PSSM). (nature.com)
Thus, the grant of patents on DNA- and protein- related technology had become routine. (lu.se)
More specifically, it investigates how the European and US patent systems interpret and apply the so called "inventive step" (Europe) or "non-obviousness" requirement (U.S.) vis-à-vis bio-pharmaceutical technology with a special emphasis on DNA-and protein related inventions. (lu.se)

Also, DNA sequencing may be useful for determining a specific bacteria, to allow for more precise antibiotics treatments, hereby reducing the risk of creating antimicrobial resistance in bacteria populations. (wikipedia.org)
Other companies are interested in sequencing to understand antimicrobial resistance, identify airborne pathogens and bioterror threats, and elucidate the relationship between a gene mutation and disease. (genengnews.com)

The development of high-throughput DNA sequencing (also commonly referred to as "Next Generation") techniques have allowed for a more complete characterization of marine microbes to be obtained. (nova.edu)
This study aims to use high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and ion chromatography to determine: the compositions of the microbial communities ("microbiomes") present in the port and their changes over a year, understand how water chemistry changes may correlate with changes in the microbial composition, and determine which harmful human and marine pathogens are present in the port. (nova.edu)

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) data provides an opportunity to better characterize stutter, permitting a more accurate means of detecting both size- or longest uninterrupted stretch (LUS)-based stutter but also allele and motif-specific stutter characteristics. (ojp.gov)
This review provides an overview of considerations related to the use of massively parallel sequencing MPS technologies to detect mtDNA heteroplasmy, and it examines published reports on point heteroplasmy to characterize features of the data that will assist in the evaluation of future mtGenome data developed by any typing method. (ojp.gov)

New developments in sequencing aim for the detection of single DNA molecules in real time during DNA synthesis and replacing the optical detection methods with electronic methods that allow recording of the sequence data in digital format. (helsinki.fi)
We've now made a generic DNA sequence reader and are the first group to report the detection of all 4 DNA bases in one tunnel gap," Lindsay said. (nanowerk.com)
Well vetted mtGenome datasets based on both Sanger and MPS sequences have found authentic point heteroplasmy in approximately 25 percent of individuals when minor component detection thresholds are in the range of 10-20 percent, along with positional distribution patterns in the coding region that differ from patterns of point heteroplasmy in the well-studied control region. (ojp.gov)
Detection and typing of HPV DNA in vaginal swabs will allow evaluation of trends in prevalence of type-specific HPV infection by age, sexual behavior, and race/ethnicity. (cdc.gov)
The objective of this document is to outline the available methods and tools for screening and sequencing patient specimens for the detection of VOC or VOI, with a focus on those that offer a rapid turn-around time so as to support rapid implementation of public health actions for COVID 19 control. (who.int)

Although the 2',3'-dideoxy Sanger method is still widely used, new methods referred to as next-generation sequencing have taken over the market. (helsinki.fi)
The original sequencing technology, called Sanger sequencing (named after the scientist who developed it, Frederick Sanger), was a breakthrough that helped scientists determine the human genetic code, but it is time-consuming and expensive. (medlineplus.gov)
One unit for Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and a second unit for more traditional Sanger DNA sequencing. (lu.se)

Design and test primers for this sequence using Primer-BLAST. (nih.gov)
By using two sequencing primers with 3'end corresponding to the two alleles in a given SNP locus, we are able to obtain allele-specific DNA sequences from both alleles. (nofima.no)
We evaluated this direct haplotype-specific approach by determining haplotypes within the intron 2 sequence of the fructan-6-fructosyltransferase (6-ft) gene in Lolium perenne L. We obtained reliable haplotype-specific sequences for all primers and genotypes evaluated. (nofima.no)
ABSTRACT A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using species-specific primers and direct sequencing was used to identify members of the Anopheles maculipennis complex in the north-west and central regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran. (who.int)

The iGenomics algorithm can reportedly map DNA sequences of viral pathogens, from strains of bird flu to the Zika virus, while also identifying mutations which could save crucial time in both diagnosis and treatment of disease. (rt.com)

cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G). This pairing is the basis for the mechanism by which DNA molecules are copied when cells divide, and the pairing also underlies the methods by which most DNA sequencing experiments are done. (genome.gov)
The ability to use larger gaps for tunneling makes the manufacture of the device much easier and gives DNA molecules room to pass the electrodes. (medgadget.com)
The time-consuming, expensive process of sequencing DNA molecules - a technology used to identify, diagnose and possibly find cures for diseases - could become a whole lot faster and cheaper as a result of a new nanofabrication method that takes advantage of nano-sized air-gaps, or nanocracks, in electrically conductive materials. (kth.se)

Nanowerk News ) Arizona State University (ASU) scientists have come up with a new twist in their efforts to develop a faster and cheaper way to read the DNA genetic code. (nanowerk.com)
To make their research dream a reality, Lindsay's team has envisioned building a tiny, nanoscale DNA reader that could work like a supermarket checkout scanner, distinguishing between the four chemical letters of the DNA genetic code, abbreviated by A, G, C and T, as they rapidly pass by the reader. (nanowerk.com)
Each of the chemical bases of the DNA genetic code, abbreviated A, C, T or G, gives a unique electrical signature as they pass between the gap in the electrodes. (nanowerk.com)
Equally important is the need to continually sequence an individual's DNA over his or her lifetime, because the genetic code can be modified by many factors. (phys.org)
DNA carries the genetic code of life, with different conformations associated with different biological functions. (lu.se)

The DNA Sequencing Facility is a cross-faculty facility for DNA and cDNA (RNA-Seq) sequencing and is primarily intended for academic research groups based at Lund University. (lu.se)

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made analyzing DNA faster and cheaper, with effects felt in the lab, clinic, and beyond. (acs.org)
These approaches are known as next-generation sequencing (or next-gen sequencing). (medlineplus.gov)
This hands on course will give you the experience and provide the tools that are needed to analyze next generation sequencing data. (lu.se)
Next-Generation Sequencing to Study the DNA Interaction. (bvsalud.org)
The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has aided in the discovery of genetic variations , gene expression patterns, and epigenetic modifications connected with a variety of diseases , including cancer , neurological disorders , and infectious diseases . (bvsalud.org)
Recent advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) could potentially revolutionize newborn screening , the largest public health genetics program in the United States and around the world. (cdc.gov)

Following the development of fluorescence-based sequencing methods with a DNA sequencer, DNA sequencing has become easier and orders of magnitude faster. (wikipedia.org)
The bar-coded DNA from multiple bacteria is combined and put in a DNA sequencer. (cdc.gov)

A promising approach that many have been trying to implement in order to speed up and reduce the cost of DNA sequencing is pushing the molecule through a tiny hole and using nearby electrodes to detect the unique change in the electric field as each nucleotide comes through. (medgadget.com)
Nanoscaffolding and nanoquenching properties of thiol-capped gold nanocrystals (GNCs), covalently linked to fluorophore-lebeled oligonucleotide through metal-sulfur bond, were extensively studied for decades to detect specific sequences and single-nucleotide mismatches [ 1 - 3 , 21 , 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
Binding to DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. (yeastgenome.org)

DNA sequencing determines the order of the four chemical building blocks - called "bases" - that make up the DNA molecule. (genome.gov)
And the final big step - of reducing the diameter of the hole through the device to that of a single DNA molecule - has yet to be taken. (medgadget.com)

In February 2021, scientists reported, for the first time, the sequencing of DNA from animal remains, a mammoth in this instance, over a million years old, the oldest DNA sequenced to date. (wikipedia.org)
The sequence tells scientists the kind of genetic information that is carried in a particular DNA segment. (genome.gov)
The software thus supports students and scientists of all disciplines who are involved in the analysis of DNA sequences, and helps to present their results clearly and to make them available to a broad public. (uibk.ac.at)
DNA sequencing data can help scientists glean information about rare diseases that may not be accurately diagnosed from just looking at patients' symptoms. (technologyreview.com)
Scientists add small pieces of DNA tags, or bar codes, to identify which piece of sheared DNA belongs to which bacteria. (cdc.gov)
Scientists use computer analysis tools to compare sequences from multiple bacteria and identify differences. (cdc.gov)

We conclude that the haplotype-specific sequencing is robust, and that the approach has a potentially very wide application range for any diploid organism. (nofima.no)

Conventional DNA sequencers are fast, but not fast enough. (genengnews.com)
Our method can, in principle, enable the development of DNA sequencers consisting of a simple USB-connected docking station, in a size equivalent to a small smartphone, costing less than €100," Dubois says. (kth.se)

However, treating DNA with bisulfite prior to sequencing leads to deamination of cytosine, but leaves the modified cytosine residues unchanged. (helsinki.fi)
In April 2019, New England Biolabs has released a new product called 'NEBNext Enzymatic Methyl-seq (EM-seqTM)' as a methylation analysis alternative to bisulfite sequencing. (medgadget.com)

In addition, the massive parallelization relies on advances in silica surface chemistry that allow DNA fragments to be covalently bound to solid supports, forming the grounds of DNA microarray technology. (helsinki.fi)
Reporter, a term coined by the MAGE object model refers to spotted DNA sequence on a microarray. (lu.se)
Reporters are generally understood as the thing biologists are interested in when carrying out DNA microarray experiments. (lu.se)

It sequences the length of a DNA fragment that the researcher prepares, resulting in reads of any size from a few hundred bases to the current record of 1.3 Mb. (genengnews.com)
Positioning of the p53 target in the DNA fragment did not substantially affect the apparent p53-DNA binding, suggesting that p53 can slide along the DNA in a bi-directional manner. (nih.gov)
In contrast to full-length p53, the isolated core domain did not show any significant correlation between sequence-specific DNA binding and fragment length. (nih.gov)
The use of CE-based fragment data rather than sequence-based data, has limited the community's understanding of the precise behavior of stutter. (ojp.gov)

Several studies implicated that longer DNA targets are broken down to small fragments during extensive food processing causing failure of PCR-based identification methods [ 23 , 26 , 28 , 31 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using a competition assay on agarose gels we found that the p53 consensus sequences in longer DNA fragments are better targets than the same sequences in shorter DNAs. (nih.gov)
Traditionally, DNA profiles are obtained using capillary electrophoresis (CE), where amplified DNA fragments are separated by size, not sequence, and the identification of stutter is performed on a locus-specific level. (ojp.gov)

There are more than 2.3 million unique viral sequences in GenBank. (wikipedia.org)
You can harness the GenBank Feature Table to assist in annotating your sequence. (genecodes.com)
This was confirmed by the high similarity (99.2%-100%) of their sequences with those available in GenBank. (who.int)

The sequence of the bases (often referred to by the first letters of their chemical names: A, T, C, and G) encodes the biological information that cells use to develop and operate. (genome.gov)
In the DNA double helix, the four chemical bases always bond with the same partner to form "base pairs. (genome.gov)
But overall, the research team has developed a scalable manufacturing process to make a device that can work reliably for hours at a time, identifying each of the DNA chemical bases while flowing through the two-nanometer gap. (medgadget.com)
NGS relies on sequencing by synthesis: the sequence of a template DNA strand is determined by synthesizing a complementary strand from fluorescently labeled bases. (acs.org)
In addition to the four alternating bases, DNA in living cells undergoes covalent modifications. (helsinki.fi)
Forty years ago, two papers1, 2 described the first tractable methods for determining the order of the chemical bases in stretches of DNA. (acm.org)
During the past few years, Lindsay's team has made steady progress, and first demonstrated the ability to read individual DNA sequences in 2008 - but this approach was limited because they had to use four separate readers to recognize each of the DNA bases. (nanowerk.com)
At this scale, which is just a few atomic diameters wide, quantum phenomena are at play where the electrons can actually leak from one electrode to the other, tunneling through the DNA bases in the process. (nanowerk.com)
By trial and error, and a bit of serendipity, they discovered that just a single chemical modification to both electrodes could distinguish between all 4 DNA bases. (nanowerk.com)
As the polymer tags are different sizes, the change in electrical current caused by altered fluid flow shows which of the four bases sits at each point on the DNA strand . (phys.org)
Determining the order of bases is called sequencing. (cdc.gov)

These products, used worldwide in the healthcare sector, are designed for clinical diagnostic use in sequencing a person's DNA for various genetic conditions or research purposes. (yahoo.com)
Now this amazing genetic map of Europe shows it is possible to pinpoint a person's geographic origins to within a couple hundred miles with a simple DNA sample. (thegeneticgenealogist.com)

Such an array potentially could provide the low-cost sequencing needed for routine medical use. (phys.org)

In addition, and importantly, sequence data can highlight changes in a gene that may cause disease. (genome.gov)
At the University of Innsbruck, a team led by Sebastian Hupfauf from the Department of Microbiology has developed a software package for the simple analysis of DNA sequencing data. (uibk.ac.at)
For this reason, we have developed CoMA, a most intuitive and user-friendly software for the analysis of sequencing data that runs on all common computer operating systems and is accessible even to beginners," Sebastian Hupfauf explains. (uibk.ac.at)
The study raises interesting questions about the potential of DNA sequence data to improve the quality of species information in GBIF. (gbif.org)
DNA sequencing is beginning to yield important insights for certain diseases, and such developments figure to increase as more genetic data becomes available over the next several years. (technologyreview.com)
The team then built statistical models that took into account the frequencies of different genotypes in the population, the genotype of the recipient, sequencing error, and genotyping error as well as the actual sequence data from the cfDNA. (genomeweb.com)
Uniform coverage and being able to deal with the large amounts of data and high number of variants that result from the analysis are prerequisites for reliable results in your digital DNA sequencing (DNA-seq) applications. (qiagen.com)
Users can now simply AirDrop sequence data to each other without the need for internet access to hosted research servers, allowing highly advanced work to take place at the frontiers of medicine, which may soon include Earth orbit and beyond. (rt.com)
Comparing your sequence to a prototypical strain becomes easier with Sequencher 's Reference Sequence and Variance Table features which makes it a snap to locate and edit or annotate variants with its dynamic link to the underlying data. (genecodes.com)
The first step is to get a MergedSequences item that represents the sequenced data with FASTQ files and link that back to the source DNA or Blood DNA item. (lu.se)
There may be multiple pairs of FASTQ files for a single sample since if the demux was done per-lane of the flow cell or if multiple sequencing runs was needed to get the desired amount of data. (lu.se)

Dr Justin O'Grady, also from UEA's Norwich Medical School, said: "We found that this device, which is the size of a USB stick, could detect the bacteria in heavily infected urine -- and provide its DNA sequence in just 12 hours. (sciencedaily.com)
Our dedicated DNA sequencing kits for targeted digital DNA sequencing enable you to confidently detect low-frequency variants. (qiagen.com)

Each of the 3 analysis modules can also be used independently to provide greater flexibility or to work with FASTQ or FASTA files generated from other sequencing platforms (Roche 454, Ion Torrent, etc. (usgs.gov)

We utilise the fact that DNA sequencing polymerases are sensitive to 3'end mismatches in the sequencing primer. (nofima.no)

Building off previous methods that have demonstrated that shotgun sequencing of cell-free DNA shed in the bloodstream from the donor organ can identify rejection, the team demonstrated that the donor does not first have to be genotyped, which they said would make it more useful in a clinical setting. (genomeweb.com)

Specimens were collected from 9 provinces during 2 seasonal activities in 2001-2002, identified morphologically and subjected to PCR assay and direct sequencing. (who.int)

Knowledge of DNA sequences has become indispensable for basic biological research, DNA Genographic Projects and in numerous applied fields such as medical diagnosis, biotechnology, forensic biology, virology and biological systematics. (wikipedia.org)
DNA sequencing has revolutionized biological research. (uibk.ac.at)

Background: The 3-dimensional (3D) conformation of chromatin inside the nucleus is integral to a variety of nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair. (mendeley.com)
A doctoral student in Micro and Nanosystems at KTH, Valentin Dubois, presented the new technique in his dissertation , saying that the findings offer a possible alternative to current optical DNA sequencing processes, which rely on bulky, expensive equipment. (kth.se)
They believe that any form of patenting DNA, or of the natural processes it is involved in, is utterly wrong, since any DNA and the information it contains is the embodiment of the code of life and should be regarded part of the common heritage of mankind. (lu.se)

For consolidated targeted DNA and RNA sequencing, we provide multimodal products to streamline your workflow and enable enrichment and profiling of DNA variants, RNA fusions and gene expression levels. (qiagen.com)

I am then to find the amino acid that these DNA sequences encode per codon (each group of three literals. (unix.com)

Now, companies are introducing sequencing platforms that separate fluorescent labeling from the extension of the complementary DNA strand, touting improvements in accuracy that result from optimizing each step. (acs.org)

However, this screen currently uses DNA panels that look at a limited number of mutations. (cdc.gov)

Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that common DNA sequence variants can influence 3D chromatin conformation, pointing to a more pervasive role for 3D chromatin conformation in human phenotypic variation than previously recognized. (mendeley.com)
The method then uses a computer program to "filter" the sequence information so that only genetic variants potentially related to one of the specified diseases are reported. (cdc.gov)

Despite the importance of 3D chromatin conformation to cellular function and human health, little is known about how 3D chromatin conformation varies in the human population, or whether DNA sequence variation between individuals influences 3D chromatin conformation. (mendeley.com)
At the cutting edge of modern science, DNA sequencing promises to transform many aspects of human life. (manchester.ac.uk)
They have developed the first, versatile DNA reader that can discriminate between DNA's four core chemical components - the key to unlocking the vital code behind human heredity and health ( 'Electronic Signatures of all Four DNA Nucleosides in a Tunneling Gap' ). (nanowerk.com)
In fact, 1147bp DNA, containing the 153bp sequence, was apparently shared between human chromosomes 12, 13, and 21 and E. coli . (go.jp)
Presence of high-risk HPV in the extracted participant DNA is determined with the Cobas Human Papillomavirus (HPV) test. (cdc.gov)
Some people believe for multiple reasons that DNA, and in particular human DNA, is much more than a mere chemical structure. (lu.se)

The preliminary results suggest that four agents (KRuO4, (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6, TPAP, and BaMnO2) could potentially be used for selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylcytidine in DNA. (helsinki.fi)
Results show that although the LUS sequence stutters at a higher rate than non-LUS motifs, the non-LUS stutter products do occur at detectable levels and potentially influence sequence-based mixture analysis. (ojp.gov)
this recommendation does not preclude the preparation of DNA samples for subsequent archiving if the material is considered potentially useful for future studies. (who.int)

For example, Boston-based biotech Ginkgo Bioworks' use of the MinION for real-time sequencing alerted operators to changes within 8 hours versus the 18-30 hours typically required. (genengnews.com)
With MinION, you can sequence samples at any point [in the] manufacturing [process] in real time without going to a lab. (genengnews.com)

As most viruses are too small to be seen by a light microscope, sequencing is one of the main tools in virology to identify and study the virus. (wikipedia.org)

The advent of rapid DNA sequencing methods has greatly accelerated biological and medical research and discovery. (wikipedia.org)
What new sequencing methods have been developed? (genome.gov)
However, all of these methods involve PCR amplification of target DNA that is typically more than hundred base-pair long [ 25 - 30 ]. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, the recent report on frequent artifacts on real-time PCR results [ 33 ] has raised the questions of validity of the existing DNA-based methods in the analysis of highly processed meat products. (hindawi.com)
This sequence was completed in two months at approximately one-hundredth of the cost of traditional capillary electrophoresis methods. (columbia.edu)
Overall, these results agree well with recent results of sequencing of a single individual by traditional methods. (columbia.edu)
The comparison between our proposed PDNAsite method and the existing methods indicate that PDNAsite outperforms most of the existing methods and is a useful tool for DNA-binding site identification. (nature.com)
both methods rely on new technologies that allow rapid sequencing of large amounts of DNA. (medlineplus.gov)

Following in-depth analysis, the sequence will be made public, except incidental privacy-sensitive findings. (eurekalert.org)
Forensic DNA analysis is among the most well-recognized and well-developed forensic disciplines. (ojp.gov)
The field's use of DNA markers known as short tandem repeats (STRs) offer a robust means of discriminating individuals while also introducing challenges to the analysis. (ojp.gov)
Motif- and allele-specific stutter models provide the most comprehensive analysis of sequence stutter rates and provide the ability to differentiate stutter sequences more accurately from true allele stutter. (ojp.gov)
Sequence-Analysis Beerware DNA sequence analysis software needn't be expensive. (the-scientist.com)
DNA sequence analysis software needn't be expensive. (the-scientist.com)

In fact, DNA sequencing has become a key technology in many areas of biology and other sciences such as medicine, forensics, and anthropology. (wikipedia.org)
Also, the team would like to combine the reader capabilities with the carbon nanotube technology to work on reading short stretches of DNA. (nanowerk.com)
Phys.org)-Rapid, accurate genetic sequencing soon may be within reach of every doctor's office if recent research from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Columbia University's School of Engineering and Applied Science can be commercialized effectively. (phys.org)
Oncology is one of the disciplines where DNA methylation technology is widely employed to develop therapeutic options for rectifying the cancer epigenome's transcriptional aberrations. (medgadget.com)
The importance of DNA methylation technology in oncology may be seen in developing inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs), which have been proven to be clinically effective in cancer treatment. (medgadget.com)
The need for a PAM to immediately follow the DNA sequence targeted by the CRISPR-Cas nuclease has limited the locations that can be edited using the technology. (scienceboard.net)
It focuses on the fierce discussions among those who principally support patents on DNA -related technology over particular threshold-requirements for receiving such patents, the appropriate scope/form of its protection, and its exclusionary effects. (lu.se)

The assay was a viable alternative approach of qPCR for detecting, quantifying and counting copy number of shorter size DNA sequences to address a wide ranging biological problem in food industry, diagnostic laboratories and forensic medicine. (hindawi.com)

Hand-entering DNA sequence into a computer -- be it for ordering oligonucleotides, editing sequence reads, &c. -- is an error-prone, tedious and slow fine-motor process. (halfbakery.com)

The modified cytosine residues are not distinguished from cytosine in traditional polymerase based sequencing. (helsinki.fi)
DNA methylation is a heritable epigenetic marker that involves DNA methyltransferases covalently transferring a methyl group to the C-5 position of the cytosine ring of DNA (DNMTs). (medgadget.com)

Chemicals and Drugs1

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