• An E. coli promoter that regulates transcription by DNA superhelix-induced cruciform extrusion. (neb.com)
  • The mechanism of cruciform extrusion occurs through the opening of double stranded DNA to allow for intrastrand base pairing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike C-type, S-type cruciform formation requires salt for extrusion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cruciform structures can increase genomic instability and are involved in the formation of various diseases, such as cancer and Werner's Disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cruciform DNA is found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and has a role in DNA transcription and DNA replication, double strand repair, DNA translocation and recombination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein-protein interactions between adenovirus DNA polymerase and nuclear factor I mediate formation of the DNA replication preinitiation complex. (neb.com)
  • Separation of the adenovirus terminal protein precursor from its associated DNA polymerase: role of both proteins in the initiation of adenovirus DNA replication. (neb.com)
  • They have linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes that typically contain two genes encoding for a replication initiator protein, called NS1, and the protein the viral capsid is made of. (mdwiki.org)
  • Parvoviruses are believed to be descended from ssDNA viruses that have circular genomes that form a loop because these viruses encode a replication initiator protein that is related to NS1 and have a similar replication mechanism. (mdwiki.org)
  • [1] The NS gene encodes the non-structural (NS) protein NS1, which is the replication initiator protein, and the VP gene encodes the viral protein (VP) that the viral capsid is made of. (mdwiki.org)
  • Nonetheless,some of the putatively disrupted genes, such as isoleucyl andtyrosyl-tRNA synthetases (MG345 & MG455), DNA replication gene dnaA(MG469), and DNA polymerase HI, subunit alpha (MG261) are thought toperform essential functions. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • Proteins that catalyze the unwinding of duplex DNA during replication by binding cooperatively to single-stranded regions of DNA or to short regions of duplex DNA that are undergoing transient opening. (lookformedical.com)
  • Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. (lookformedical.com)
  • Please contribute to polbase by adding your missing DNA polymerase papers. (neb.com)
  • Mutagenesis of conserved region I in the DNA polymerase from human adenovirus serotype 2. (neb.com)
  • Dissection of functional domains of adenovirus DNA polymerase by linker-insertion mutagenesis. (neb.com)
  • Expression of enzymatically active adenovirus DNA polymerase from cloned DNA requires sequences upstream of the main open reading frame. (neb.com)
  • Evidence for an altered adenovirus DNA polymerase in cells infected with the mutant H5ts149. (neb.com)
  • Parvoviruses have linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes that are about 4-6 kilobases (kb) in length. (mdwiki.org)
  • In a comparisonof the first two bacterial genomes sequenced, Mushegian and Kooninprojected that the 256 orthologous genes shared by the Gram negativeHaemophilus influenzae and the Gram positive M. genitalium genomes area close approximation of a minimal gene set for bacterial life(2). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • proposed a 206 protein-coding gene core of aminimal bacterial gene set based on analysis of several free-living andendosymbiotic bacterial genomes (3). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • They sequencedamplicons from inverse PCRs using that DNA as a template to identifythe transposon insertion sites in the mycoplasma genomes. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • PIF1 family DNA helicases suppress R-loop mediated genome instability at tRNA genes. (uchicago.edu)
  • 1986. Homologous pairing of DNA molecules by Ustilago rec1 protein is promoted by sequences of Z-DNA. . (cornell.edu)
  • These inverted repeats contain a sequence of DNA in one strand that is repeated in the opposite direction on the other strand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cruciform DNA structures require at least a six nucleotide sequence of inverted repeats to form a structure consisting of a stem, branch point and loop in the shape of a cruciform, stabilized by negative DNA supercoiling. (wikipedia.org)
  • modulation by chromatin associated proteins. (cornell.edu)
  • Site-Directed Cleavage of DNA by Protein-Fe(II) EDTA Conjugates within Model Chromatin Complexes David R. Chafin and Jeffrey J. Hayes 11. (nhbs.com)
  • The formation of RAD51/DMC1 filaments on single-stranded (ss)DNAs essential for homology search and strand exchange in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is tightly regulated. (bvsalud.org)
  • Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. (lookformedical.com)
  • A single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is found in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
  • 1994. The REC2 gene encodes the homologous pairing protein of Ustilago maydis. . (cornell.edu)
  • The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA helicase. (lookformedical.com)
  • As tRNA folds on itself in the presence of paired complementary bases, it causes the formation of branches and loops that are both key components in interactions with protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 'DNA-Protein Interactions: Principles and Protocols, Third Edition', this vital subject is brought up to date with protocols exploring the most cutting-edge developments in the field, including in vivo and genome-wide interaction techniques. (nhbs.com)
  • Comprehensive and authoritative, 'DNA-Protein Interactions: Principles and Protocols, Third Edition' serves as an ideal guide for all those exploring this dynamic, essential, and increasingly affordable area of research. (nhbs.com)
  • Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays for the Analysis of DNA-Protein Interactions Manon Gaudreault, Marie-Eve Gingras, Maryse Lessard, Steeve Leclerc, and Sylvain L. Guerin 3. (nhbs.com)
  • Footprinting DNA-Protein Interactions in Native Polyacrylamide Gels by Chemical Nucleolytic Activity of 1,10-Phenanthroline-Copper Athanasios G. Papavassiliou 14. (nhbs.com)
  • A family of structurally-related DNA helicases that play an essential role in the maintenance of genome integrity. (lookformedical.com)
  • In addition DNA helicases are DNA-dependent ATPases that harness the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate DNA strands. (lookformedical.com)
  • Mei5-Sae3 shows sequence similarity to fission yeast Sfr1-Swi5, which stimulates DNA strand exchanges by Rad51 as well as Dmc1. (bvsalud.org)
  • A mutant form of Dmc1 that bypasses the requirement for accessory protein Mei5-Sae3 reveals independent activities of Mei5-Sae3 and Rad51 in Dmc1 filament stability. (uchicago.edu)
  • Phospho-dependent recruitment of the yeast NuA4 acetyltransferase complex by MRX at DNA breaks regulates RPA dynamics during resection. (uchicago.edu)
  • The i-motifs also tend to appear in what are known as 'promoter' regions - areas of DNA that control whether genes are switched on or off - and in telomeres , genetic markers associated with ageing. (sciencealert.com)
  • 1997. Interaction between Ustilago maydis REC2 and RAD51 genes in DNA repair and mitotic recombination. . (cornell.edu)
  • Subsequent repair of the DSBs is carried out by the host cell through either non-homologous end-joining pathway (NHEJ), leading to insertion and deletion mutations in the targeted genes, or homologous direct repair (HDR) in the presence of a DNA donor template. (biomedcentral.com)
  • M. genitalium, a humanurogenital pathogen, is the extreme manifestation of this genomicparsimony, having only 482 protein-coding genes and the smallest genomeat -580 kb of any known free-living organism capable of being grown inpure culture(13). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • The1999 report by some of the present inventors on the essential microbialgene for M. genitalium and its closest relative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae,mapped ~2200 transposon insertion sites in these two species, andidentified 130 putatively non-essential M. genitalium protein-codinggenes or M. pneumoniae orthologs of M. genitalium genes. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • 1999) Science 286, 2165-9), those authors estimatedthat 265 to 3,50 of the protein-coding genes of M. genitalium areessential under laboratory growth conditions(4). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • A circular plasmid with nlsSpCas9-EYFP expression cassette was constructed (Figure 1 A), with the nlsSpCas9-EYFP driven by histone protein 4 (His4) promoter. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structure-function relationships in Escherichia coli promoter DNA. (neb.com)
  • DNA sequences of random origin as probes of Escherichia coli promoter architecture. (neb.com)
  • The coding portion of the genome is flanked at each end by terminal sequences about 116-550 nucleotides (nt) in length that consist of imperfect palindromes folded into hairpin loop structures. (mdwiki.org)
  • Sae3 and Swi5 share a conserved motif with the amino acid sequence YNEI/LK/RD. In this study, we analyzed the role of the YNEL residues in the Sae3 sequence in meiotic recombination and found that these residues are critical for Sae3 function in Dmc1 assembly. (bvsalud.org)
  • We also showed that purified FIGNL1 dismantles RAD51 filament on double-stranded (ds)DNA as well as ssDNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • Due to its sequence specificity, RNAi is a potentially selective method for intracellular immunization against HIV-1 infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • She discovered a new protein translational mechanism regulating production of a key ubiquitin ligase, involved in protein degradation. (washington.edu)
  • In the knot structure, C [cytosine] letters on the same strand of DNA bind to each other - so this is very different from a double helix, where 'letters' on opposite strands recognise each other, and where Cs bind to Gs [guanines]. (sciencealert.com)
  • DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). (lookformedical.com)
  • Elongation of primed DNA templates by eukaryotic DNA polymerases. (neb.com)
  • 1994. ATP-dependent DNA renaturation and DNA-dependent ATPase reactions catalyzed by the Ustilago maydis homologous pairing protein. . (cornell.edu)
  • 1994. DNA strand exchange in the absence of homologous pairing. . (cornell.edu)
  • The CRISPR/Cas9 system introduces site-specific double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) with endonuclease Cas9 in a target sequence that is homologous to the single guide RNA (sgRNA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Folded cruciform structures are characterized by the formation of acute angles between adjacent arms and main strand DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unfolded cruciform structures have square planar geometry and 4-fold symmetry in which the two arms of the cruciform are perpendicular to each other. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of cruciform structures in linear DNA is thermodynamically unfavorable due to the possibility of base unstacking at junction points and open regions at loops. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first theoretical description of cruciform-forming DNA structures was hypothesized in the early 1960s. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins were hypothesized to bind to these branched DNA structures and cause regulation in gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Starting in the early 1980s, recognition sites of DNA that formed hairpin structures for a range of cellular proteins were characterized. (wikipedia.org)
  • This new research reminds us that totally different DNA structures exist - and could well be important for our cells. (sciencealert.com)
  • According to Garvan's Mahdi Zeraati, the first author of the new study, the i-motif is only one of a number of DNA structures that don't take the double helix form - including A-DNA, Z-DNA, triplex DNA and Cruciform DNA - and which could also exist in our cells. (sciencealert.com)
  • Now that we definitively know this new form of DNA exists in cells, it'll give researchers a mandate to figure out just what these structures are doing inside our bodies. (sciencealert.com)
  • Most parvoviruses contain a transcriptional activation domain near the C-terminus that upregulates transcription from viral promoters as well as alternate or overlapping open reading frames that encode a small number of supporting proteins involved in different aspects of the viral life cycle. (mdwiki.org)
  • Using this system, we successfully tagged the endogenous microneme protein 2 (EtMic2) by inserting the red fluorescent protein into the C-terminal of EtMic2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nuclear localization sequence (nls) of His4 was introduced into the N-terminal of Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) to target the nucleus of the endonuclease SpCas9. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is structurally different from TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING PROTEIN 1 in that it contains basic N-terminal amino acid residues. (lookformedical.com)
  • The Use of Diethyl Pyrocarbonate (DEPC) and Potassium Permanganate as Probes for Strand Separation and Structural Distortions in DNA Brenda F. Kahl and Marvin R. Paule 7. (nhbs.com)
  • Alfred Gierer was one of the first scientists to propose an interaction between proteins and the grooves of specific double-stranded DNA nucleotide sequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cruciform DNA is a form of non-B DNA, or an alternative DNA structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The binding association between proteins and branch-forming DNA was suggested due to the structure and function of tRNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • This leads to the formation of a cruciform structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • At high sodium ion concentration and in the absence of magnesium ions, a compact, folded cruciform structure is formed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Earlier this year, scientists identified the existence of a brand new DNA structure never before seen in living cells. (sciencealert.com)
  • The discovery of what's described as a 'twisted knot' of DNA in living cells confirms our complex genetic code is crafted with more intricate symmetry than just the double helix structure everybody associates with DNA. (sciencealert.com)
  • The DNA component the team identified is called the intercalated motif (i-motif) structure, which was first discovered by researchers in the 1990s , but up until now had only ever been witnessed in vitro , not in living cells. (sciencealert.com)
  • Another kind of DNA structure, called G-quadruplex (G4) DNA, was first visualised by researchers in human cells in 2013 , who made use of an engineered antibody to reveal the G4 within cells. (sciencealert.com)
  • Laminins are composed of 3 non identical chains: laminin alpha, beta and gamma (formerly A, B1, and B2, respectively) and they form a cruciform structure consisting of 3 short arms, each formed by a different chain, and a long arm composed of all 3 chains. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • 8-oxoG) in DNA, we examined levels of oxidative DNA damage produced in normally growing cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The level of 8-oxoG DNA damage was about 9- and 63-fold higher in cells grown in M9-glucose and M9-glycerol media, respectively, than in those grown in LB medium. (bvsalud.org)
  • We also found that about 14-fold more 8-oxoG DNA damage was produced in cells grown in about 0.1% oxygen than in those grown in the normal atmosphere. (bvsalud.org)
  • Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). (lookformedical.com)
  • They also serve a function in epigenetic regulation along with biological implications such as DNA supercoiling, double strand breaks, and targets for cruciform-binding proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1984. Hysteretic regulation of Ustilago rec1 protein during synapsis. . (cornell.edu)
  • Additionally, the presence or absence of sodium and magnesium ions can affect the conformation of cruciform adopted. (wikipedia.org)
  • At lower sodium ion concentration and in the absence of magnesium ions, the cruciform adopts a symmetrical, square planar conformation with fully extended stems. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1999. Targeted gene repair directed by the chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotide in a mammalian cell-free extract. . (cornell.edu)
  • If your only familiarity with DNA shapes is the dual helical spirals made famous by Watson and Crick, the configuration of the intercalated motif could come as a surprise. (sciencealert.com)
  • The i-motif is a four-stranded 'knot' of DNA," explained genomicist Marcel Dinger , who co-led the research. (sciencealert.com)
  • As Zeraati explains, the answers could be really important - not just for the i-motif, but for A-DNA, Z-DNA, triplex DNA, and cruciform DNA too. (sciencealert.com)
  • In this report, we described the application of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 (endonuclease) system for efficient genetic editing in E. tenella , and showed that the CRISPR/Cas9 system mediates site-specific double-strand DNA breaks with a single guide RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two mechanisms for the formation of cruciform DNA have been described: C-type and S-type. (wikipedia.org)
  • C-type cruciform formation is marked by a large initial opening in the double-stranded DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • C-type cruciform formation is temperature dependent because of higher entropy and enthalpy of activation than S-type. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cruciform formation is dependent on several factors including temperature, sodium, magnesium, and the presence of negatively supercoiled DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • however, it has been observed that 37 °C is optimal for cruciform formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1983. Heteroduplex formation and polarity during strand transfer promoted by Ustilago rec 1 protein. . (cornell.edu)
  • L59 substitution in the Sae3 protein disrupts complex formation with Mei5, while Y56 and N57 substitutions do not. (bvsalud.org)
  • SpCas9 was also tagged with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) gene for visualization of the SpCas9 expression signal in subcellular sites of Eimeria . (biomedcentral.com)
  • When most of us think of DNA, we think of the double helix," said antibody therapeutics researcher Daniel Christ from the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Australia back in April when the discovery was made. (sciencealert.com)
  • These alternative DNA conformations might be important for proteins in the cell to recognise their cognate DNA sequence and exert their regulatory functions," Zeraati explained to ScienceAlert. (sciencealert.com)
  • A ubiquitously expressed telomere-binding protein that is present at TELOMERES throughout the cell cycle. (lookformedical.com)
  • A sequence in the beta 1 chain that is involved in cell attachment, chemotaxis, and binding to the laminin receptor was identified and shown to have the capacity to inhibit metastasis. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "DNA, Fungal" by people in this website by year, and whether "DNA, Fungal" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
  • 2006) automatically have and present passive stages with a physicsPhysicsElementary studied on A. Since the tyrannies make been on A. Arabidopsis light sequences or contrast views into those of the light seven epistemology ones. (bcvsolutions.com)
  • Identification of Nucleic Acid High Affinity Binding Sequences of Proteins by SELEX Philippe Bouvet 12. (nhbs.com)
  • This eventually forms a fully extruded cruciform. (wikipedia.org)
  • GPS free история западноевропейской литературы xvii xviii вв to scan sequences. (oldandelegant.com)
  • His proteins are free история западноевропейской литературы xvii as they track extracted Exactly in his also overlooking portion. (oldandelegant.com)