• Partial sequencing of the B646L gene encoding the major capsid protein p72 has so far led to the identification of 22 ASFV genotypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Nucleotide sequences encoding the major capsid protein VP1 were determined for each isolate. (cdc.gov)
  • HPVs are classified by genotype, and at least 130 types have been identified by sequencing the gene encoding the major capsid protein L1. (biochain.com)
  • L2 minor capsid proteins enter the nucleus twice during infection: in the initial phase after virion disassembly, and in the productive phase when it assembles into replicated virions along with L1 major capsid proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plug-like density features were observed at the base of the VP1 pentamers, consistent with the known location of minor capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. (rcsb.org)
  • EvoRator2: predicting site-specific amino acid substitutions based on protein structural information using deep learning Journal of Molecular Biology: 435(14):168155. (tau.ac.il)
  • SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. (berkeley.edu)
  • We have previously discussed the idea that viruses originated from selfish genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons when these nucleic acids acquired structural proteins (see A plasmid on the road to becoming a virus ). (virology.ws)
  • I want to explore in more detail the idea that the structural proteins of viruses likely originated from cell proteins ( link to paper ). (virology.ws)
  • Missing from these hypothesis is how nucleic acids became virus particles - that is, how they acquired structural proteins. (virology.ws)
  • It seems likely that viral structural proteins originated from cellular genes. (virology.ws)
  • The core proteins of alphaviruses (think Semliki Forest virus) has structural similarity with chymotrypsin-like serine proteases. (virology.ws)
  • Retroviral structural proteins also appear to have originated from cell proteins, with clear homologies with matrix, capsid, and nucleocapsid proteins. (virology.ws)
  • At some point these genetic elements acquired structural proteins from the cells and became bona fide virus particles. (virology.ws)
  • Comparisons between the membrane-bound form of the coat protein and the previously determined structural form found in filamentous bacteriophage particles demonstrate that it undergoes a significant structural rearrangement during the membrane-mediated virus assembly process. (rcsb.org)
  • The N-terminal helix and the hinge that connects it to the transmembrane helix are significantly more dynamic than the rest of the protein, thus facilitating structural rearrangement during bacteriophage assembly. (rcsb.org)
  • Structural comparison of protein-protein interfaces provides valuable insights into the functional relationship between proteins, which may not solely arise from shared evolutionary origin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein-protein interactions play important functional roles in almost all biological activities, including, but not restricted to, signal transduction, gene regulation, catalytic enzymatic activities and structural roles [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The currently available implementation for this method initially defines interfacial residues using atomic details, and then uses positions of the Cα atoms for structural alignment and scoring, and includes a sequence-order dependent version [ 10 ] and a sequence-order independent version [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on the genome sequencing results, an analysis of structural proteins and prediction of putative microRNAs of Hz-2V was performed. (umass.edu)
  • The non-structural rep gene encodes four regulatory proteins essential for viral replication, whereas cap encodes three structural proteins (VP1-3) that assemble into a 60-mer capsid shell. (justia.com)
  • The Arc gene, which contains remnants of a structural GAG retrotransposon sequence, produces a protein that self-assembles into capsid-like structures harboring Arc mRNA. (lu.se)
  • The nOPV2 candidate strains include different combinations of 5 distinct modified regions of the Sabin-2 genome, including changes to the RNA sequence in the 5' untranslated region of polio genome (5' UTR), the capsid protein coding region (P1), the non-structural protein 2C, and the polymerase 3D. (biosafety.be)
  • Structural and mechanistic understanding of protein function has lagged behind due to the challenging and lowthroughput nature of structural and biochemical approaches. (lu.se)
  • Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. (who.int)
  • We believe that the short sequences used in this study (partial loci) are too short to show recombination and that full genome sequences are necessary to determine if recombination has occurred in the genomes of these virulent ranaviruses. (gaacademy.org)
  • While plant genome analysis is gaining speed worldwide, few plant genomes have been sequenced and analyzed on the African continent. (researchgate.net)
  • To do this, we examine the non-redundant viral diversity stored in public databases, predict proteins in genomes lacking such information, and used all annotated and predicted proteins to identify potential protein domains. (mdpi.com)
  • We sought to determine the diagnostic yield of aligning off-target reads incidentally obtained during targeted hematolymphoid next-generation sequencing to a large database of viral genomes to screen for viral sequences within tumor specimens. (bvsalud.org)
  • Analysis of genomic sequences of isolated polioviruses enables assessment of transmission by time and place, potential gaps in surveillance, and emergence of VDPVs ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The evolutionary dynamics that retain long neutral genomic sequences in face of indel deletion bias: a model and its application to human introns. (tau.ac.il)
  • Sequences were obtained from 4 genome regions, including part of the gene B646L that encodes the p72 capsid protein, the complete E183L and CP204L genes, which encode the p54 and p30 proteins and the variable region of the B602L gene. (cdc.gov)
  • However, when recombination analyses were performed using RDP4, no recombination was found in either the partial major capsid protein (MCP) gene or the putative eukaryotic initiation factor 2 - α (eIF2-α) homologue gene. (gaacademy.org)
  • Primers were designed to target sequences in the nodavirus capsid protein gene, yielding an amplification product of 120 nucleotides. (int-res.com)
  • Modified versions of AAVs range from genetic alterations of the viral cap gene to conjugation of proteins such as streptavidin or antibodies to promote interaction with specific cells. (nature.com)
  • Analysis of two highly expressed genes from Chlorella virus PBCV-1: Protein characterization and the DNA sequences of the major capsid protein gene and the early/late 33-kDa protein gene. (uml.edu)
  • Putative Gene Promoter Sequences in the Chlorella Viruses. (uml.edu)
  • A putative late gene promoter motif sequence, AGTAT was found in the 3' upstream sequences of these genes. (umass.edu)
  • Twenty putative pre-microRNA sequences were predicted in Hz-2V by searching stem-loop structures with less than -25kcal/mol of free energy, and one of the microRNA candidates was predicted to target the Hz2V007 gene transcript, which codes for a putative juvenile hormone esterase. (umass.edu)
  • While nine spCas9 gene editing sites surround the Arc start codon, the accuracy of the editing was highly sequence-dependent, with only a single target resulting in an in-frame reporter integration. (lu.se)
  • Characterization and classification of protein-protein interactions would allow us to organize information in protein-protein interaction networks, to make predictions on their function, as well as to facilitate drug design targeted at interfering with those disease-associated protein-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Today, phage genome sequencing is commonly performed for classification and characterization purposes and is based on the arrangement of conserved genes and the nucleotide and protein sequence identity [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Its streamlined genome of 5386 nts encodes only 11 proteins. (asmblog.org)
  • The 2C protein encodes for the viral helicase and lies just upstream of the viral region that shares significant homology with human GAD65. (qscience.com)
  • Many of these genes encode proteins (e.g., enzymes involved in protein glycosylation) rarely associated with viruses. (uml.edu)
  • Sequence analysis of the viral capsid protein genes revealed the presence of seven missense mutations, three of which were also present in a second PVpi, suggesting that they could be important determinants of the persistent phenotype. (pasteur.fr)
  • Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)
  • Compared to the genome of gh-1, the sequence of ϕIBB-PF7A is longer and contains more genes with unassigned function and lacks a few potentially essential and non-essential T7 genes, such as gene1.1, 3.8, and 7. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All these phages, most of which have members of the Enterobacteriaceae as their host, present a highly conserved genome organization and mainly differ at sequence level through the presence or absence of nonessential genes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genome of coliphage T7 has 56 genes encoding potential proteins [ 8 ], of which 35 have known function or functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Click molecule labels to explore molecular sequence information. (nih.gov)
  • The virions contain a single-stranded RNA molecule in round to hexagonal capsids that are 35-39 nm in diameter, with icosahedral symmetry. (medscape.com)
  • The deduced amino acid sequences of the outer capsid protein, VP7, of serotype G1 rotavirus clinical isolates collected over a 6 year period (1990-1995) in Melbourne, Australia, were examined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Structurally, each virion consists of an outer and inner capsid layer that surrounds a core genome of 10 nonenveloped double-stranded RNA segments. (medscape.com)
  • Type- and group-specific antigens include the outer VP2 and the core VP7 proteins, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • In these cases, the virus enters the cell by endocytosis, the outer capsid is removed, and the core particle undergoes transcription. (medscape.com)
  • The virus structure contains three domains, including an outer proteinaceous capsid, an intermediate lipid membrane, and a central core. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some viruses possess an outer envelope, and the outer capsid is composed of major capsid protein (MCP), which appears to be highly conserved among the family and possesses surface binding sites interacting with the surfaces of host's cells [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, only few protein structures have been currently resolved for the Iridoviridae family, none of which are associated with the outer capsid proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)
  • While Salmonella isolates were recovered from environmental samples collected by FDA throughout the growing operation, they were not highly genetically related to the outbreak strain by whole genome sequencing analyses, i.e. greater than a 20 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms difference. (cdc.gov)
  • This manageable size together with the current advances in nucleotide sequencing technology means that partial and whole virus genome sequencing will become an essential component in epidemiologic investigations of disease outbreaks. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The envelope consists of a lipid bilayer containing an envelope glycoprotein and a matrix protein. (medscape.com)
  • Those RNA nucleic acid sequences are taken up by other cells in the organism and act as signalling molecules. (virology.ws)
  • ABSTRACT: Nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) is an isothermal nucleic acid amplification procedure based on target-specific primers and probes, and the co-ordinated activity of 3 enzymes: AMV reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and T7 RNA polymerase. (int-res.com)
  • At the center of protein-protein interactions are the binding surfaces, or interfacial residues which form contacts between binding partners and stabilize protein complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To further expand the tropism and thus potential applications of AAV vectors, we utilized an alternative approach that employs chemical modifications to covalently link small molecules to reactive exposed Lysine residues of AAV capsids. (nature.com)
  • EV isolate from another IA+ case has 5 AA differences within the capsid protein VP4 at residues 3, 16, 18, 50 and 61 (Figure3). (qscience.com)
  • Sequence similarity networks of prokaryotic virus DJR MCP. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein sequences were clustered by the pairwise sequence similarity using CLANS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These bacteriophages appear to be most similar to bacteriophages that infect Pseudomonas and Ralstonia rather than Enterobacteriales bacteria by protein similarity, however, we were only able to detect infection of Erwinia and the closely related strains of Pantoea . (frontiersin.org)
  • Twenty eight (46.7%) of the proteins encoded by this virus exhibit sequence similarity to coliphage T7 proteins while 34 (81.0%) are similar to proteins of Pseudomonas phage gh-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Complete genome sequence of an Israeli isolate of Xanthomonas hortorum pv. (tau.ac.il)
  • This work describes the complete genome sequence of this phage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This work focuses on the determination of the complete genome sequence of the P. fluorescens phage ϕIBB-PF7A. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report the identification and analysis of a complete genome sequence of a novel polyomavirus, Raja clavata polyomavirus (RcPyV1), from a cartilaginous fish, the thornback skate (Raja clavata). (bvsalud.org)
  • The genome sequence was determined using a metagenomics approach with an aim to provide baseline viral data in cartilaginous fish in different ecosystems. (bvsalud.org)
  • Classification of viruses is principally according to their genome sequence taking into consideration nature and structure of their genome and their method of replication, but not according to the diseases they cause (see International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), 2021 release ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Phage, expressing melanoma cDNA express the proteins/peptides on their capsid are "recognized" by the immobilized antibodies are retained in the column, and subsequently eluted for DNA sequencing. (mayo.edu)
  • An analysis of the sequence an structure of major virion proteins has identified likely ancestors in cellular proteins. (virology.ws)
  • The three-dimensional structure of the membrane-bound form of the major coat protein of Pf1 bacteriophage was determined in phospholipid bilayers using orientation restraints derived from both solid-state and solution NMR experiments. (rcsb.org)
  • Their proteomes are highly unstudied, with over 200 putative proteins with no known homologs. (frontiersin.org)
  • The production of 27 of these putative proteins was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although more adeno-associated virus AAV-based drugs enter the clinic, vector tissue tropism remains an unresolved challenge that limits its full potential despite that the tissue tropism of naturally occurring AAV serotypes can be altered by genetic engineering capsid vie DNA shuffling, or molecular evolution. (nature.com)
  • The rest of the modifications aim to stabilize the genetic sequence against reversion in either the 5' UTR or capsid regions. (biosafety.be)
  • Once the provirus is integrated into the host cell DNA, it is transcribed using typical cellular mechanisms to produce viral proteins and genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)
  • With the advent of next generation sequencing, our understanding of the genetic diversity of cellular and viral life has expanded exponentially. (lu.se)
  • These ubiquitous microbial genetic elements are composed of a protein toxin inhibited by an antitoxin. (lu.se)
  • Lewy bodies which are intraneuronal aggregates composed mainly of misfolded alpha synuclein (a-syn) protein is a pathological hallmark seen in both sporadic and genetic forms of PD. (lu.se)
  • Two transmembrane domains were predicted in p11.7, and a DNA binding motif was found in p31.7 by amino acid sequence analysis, therefore p11.7 and p31.7 were predicted to be envelope and capsid protein, respectively. (umass.edu)
  • Its icosahedral capsid is correspondingly small (26 nm diameter) and simple (four different proteins). (asmblog.org)
  • EvoRator: prediction of residue-level evolutionary rates from protein structures using machine learning. (tau.ac.il)
  • Our proposed voting mechanism based system provides a novel approach for in silico LE prediction prior to vaccine development, and it is especially powerful for analyzing antigen sequences with exclusive features between two clustered groups. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since protein structure is more conserved over evolutionary timescales than its amino acid sequence, reliable structure prediction by AlphaFold has revolutionised our ability to predict protein function. (lu.se)
  • LU-Fold specialises in high-throughput prediction of protein complexes to predict novel protein-protein interactions. (lu.se)
  • Phylogenetic analyses based on the genomic and open reading frame 2/cap sequences demonstrated that all DuCV strains belonged to genotype 1 and were designated in a sub-cluster under genotype 1. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Analysis of the capsid protein amino acid sequences of the 24 Korean DuCV strains showed 10 substitutions compared with that of other genotype 1 strains. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • In the 1990s, however, newer molecular techniques to amplify, sequence, and express the genome of NLV strains allowed researchers to genetically and antigenically characterize NLV strains. (medscape.com)
  • Schematic of a T7 virion before and after ejection of the internal core proteins to extend its tail. (asmblog.org)
  • In brief, each T7 virion carries tail extension proteins as an internal core that is precisely positioned adjacent to the tail portal. (asmblog.org)
  • Its genome travels between hosts in a rather complicated virion containing 18 different proteins. (asmblog.org)
  • To enable the tracking of Arc molecules from individual neurons in vivo, we devised an adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated approach to tag the N-terminal of the mouse Arc protein with a fluorescent reporter using CRISPR/Cas9 homologous. (lu.se)
  • To enable the tracking of Arc molecules from individual neurons in vivo, we devised an adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated approach to tag the N-terminal of the mouse Arc protein with a fluorescent reporter using CRISPR/Cas9 homologous independent targeted integration (HITI). (lu.se)
  • To test this hypothesis, we used partial sequences from BUK 2, BUK 3, and RUK 13, which were thought to be recombinant viruses based on previously published partial sequence analyses. (gaacademy.org)
  • S-Y. Chang and colleagues report in Poultry Science that they performed a multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses on the 24 viral genome sequences as well as on 45 genome sequences available from the GenBank database. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Detection of norovirus capsid protein in authentic standards and in stool extracts by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and nanospray mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
  • The detection of norovirus capsid protein was explored using three common MS-based methods: scanning of intact proteins, peptide mass fingerprinting, and peptide sequencing. (cdc.gov)
  • The image below depicts the norovirus genomic structure and capsid domains. (medscape.com)
  • The norovirus genomic structure and capsid domains. (medscape.com)
  • DNA fragments amplified from the genome of the isolates from domestic pigs in Georgia in 2007 were sequenced and compared with other ASF virus (ASFV) isolates to establish the genotype of the virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Analysis of these sequences indicated that the Georgia 2007 isolate is closely related to isolates belonging to genotype II, which is circulating in Mozambique, Madagascar, and Zambia. (cdc.gov)
  • ASFV isolates have previously been characterized by restriction enzyme site mapping or sequencing of different genome regions. (cdc.gov)
  • VP1 sequences of these isolates revealed a stepwise divergence from the Sabin 1 sequence at a rate of about 1.1% per year. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the plug density is more prominent in APV and may include VP4, a minor capsid protein unique to bird polyomaviruses. (rcsb.org)
  • Sequences of this polyomavirus cluster phylogenetically with those of other rodent polyomaviruses and two other non-rodent polyomaviruses (WU and KI) that have been identified in the human respiratory tract. (bvsalud.org)
  • Depending on the specific biological question being asked, methods for protein-protein interface comparison with different focuses have been developed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, traditional isolation methods, complemented by high-throughput sequencing metagenomics technology, have greatly increased our understanding of the diversity of bacteriophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A very common motif among viral capsid proteins is called the single jelly roll , made up of eight beta strands in two four-stranded sheets. (virology.ws)
  • The extra sequences at the N-termini of viral jelly roll capsid proteins, involved in recognizing the viral genome, likely evolved after the capture of these proteins from cells. (virology.ws)
  • Enterovirus RNA was analyzed from isolated pancreatic islets and from fresh frozen whole pancreatic tissue using PCR and sequencing. (news-medical.net)
  • Enterovirus specific RNA sequences were detected in 4 of 6 cases (0 of 6 controls). (news-medical.net)
  • The recent finding of enterovirus (EV) capsid protein VP1 in pancreatic autopsy samples from the JDRF Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD) supports earlier case series in which EVs (Coxsackievirus B, CVB)were isolated from pancreatic tissue and inoculated into human islets, causing functional impairment and β-cell death. (qscience.com)
  • RT-PCR and sequencing of a stool specimen by the NYSDOH laboratory identified poliovirus type 2. (cdc.gov)
  • Specimens were tested at CDC using RT-PCR ( 3 ) and sequencing, confirming the presence of poliovirus type 2 in both stool specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Poliovirus is a type of anaerobe virus and consists of an RNA genome enclosed in a capsid. (cdc.gov)
  • Disintegrins contain an RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) or KGD (Lys-Gly-Asp) sequence motif that binds specifically to integrin IIb-IIIa receptors on the platelet surface, thereby blocking the binding of fibrinogen to the receptor-glycoprotein complex of activated platelets. (embl.de)
  • In contrast to previous structures determined solely in detergent micelles, the structure in bilayers contains information about the spatial arrangement of the protein within the membrane, and thus provides insights to the bacteriophage assembly process from membrane-inserted to bacteriophage-associated protein. (rcsb.org)
  • In general, immunobiologists have developed an integrated method for vaccine development based on analyzing protein sequences and structures of target viruses [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenetic analysis characterized the sequences into two discrete clusters representing two of the four global lineages of human G1 VP7 proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • There is also the phenomenon of HAP2 - a fusion protein that is used by many different eucaryotic organisms "all over" the phylogenetic tree (from Chlamydomonas to Bees) for mediating cell-cell fusion, predominantley of gametes. (virology.ws)
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length viral consensus sequences performed using the neighbour joining and maximum likelihood method. (qscience.com)
  • The matrix Z proteins of arenaviruses are related to cellular RING domain proteins, and the matrix proteins of some negative strand RNA viruses are related to cellular cyclophilin. (virology.ws)
  • There are many more examples, providing support for the hypothesis that viruses evolved on multiple instances by recruiting different cell proteins. (virology.ws)
  • Given this information on the origin of viral capsid proteins, we can modify the three hypotheses for the origin of viruses into one. (virology.ws)
  • Now, the question if of course - is it of viral origin or is it a cellular protein co-opted by viruses? (virology.ws)
  • In spite of their broad abundance, viruses, in particular bacteriophages, remain largely unknown since only about 20% of sequences obtained from viral community DNA surveys could be annotated by comparison with public databases. (mdpi.com)
  • Sequence and Annotation of the 314-Kb MT325 and the 321-kb FR483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi. (uml.edu)
  • Sequence and annotation of the 369-kb NY-2A and the 345-kb AR158 viruses that infect Chlorella NC64A. (uml.edu)
  • Soil Virus Offers Insight into Maintaining Microorganisms Through a collaborative effort, researchers have identified a protein in soil viruses that may promote soil health. (doe.gov)
  • In addition, there are 25 nonessential proteins, of which only 12 are conserved across the genus "T7-like viruses" [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Positive-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) that can be directly translated to produce an amino acid sequence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The present disclosure provides adeno-associated virus (AAV) virions with altered capsid protein, where the AAV virions exhibit greater infectivity of retinal cells compared to wild-type AAV. (justia.com)
  • Virions are composed of a 25 nm icoshedral capsid encompassing a 4.9 kb single-stranded DNA genome with two open reading frames: rep and cap. (justia.com)
  • L2 capsid proteins can also interact with viral dsDNA, facilitating its release from the endocytic compartment after viral uncoating. (wikipedia.org)
  • One isolate, PBCV-1, for example, (genome size = 330744 bp dsDNA) codes for ~375 proteins, nearly half of which resemble proteins of known function. (uml.edu)
  • Here, we reported the first Oceanospirillum phage, vB_OliS_GJ44, which was assembled into a 33,786 bp linear dsDNA genome, which includes abundant tail-related and recombinant proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surface loops on L1 pentamers contain sites of sequence variation between HPV types. (wikipedia.org)
  • We postulate that the terminal β-hairpin locks other polyomavirus capsids in a stable conformation and that absence of the hairpin leads to the observed capsid size variation in APV. (rcsb.org)
  • By assuming that the rate of sequence evolution was constant throughout the infection, the initial infection was estimated to have occurred at approximately the time of receipt of the last OPV dose in 1974. (cdc.gov)
  • Viral proteins are synthesized 2 to 14 days after the infection and self-assemble within the cytoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • In the current proposal, we hypothesize that reacting COVID serum from patients that have recovered from COVID infection and compare to non-infected self-serum (if available) and control healthy volunteer serum (available in our lab) may identify protein targets that have developed as a result of the COVID infection and could be useful in the development of a COVID vaccine as well as a serologic test for anti-COVID immunity. (mayo.edu)
  • Antibodies directed towards the region 11-30 of the VP4 capsid enhance infection of peripheral blood cells with CVB4 in vitro. (qscience.com)
  • Comparison of the DNA profiles of the eluted phage using pre-immunotherapy and post-immunotherapy patient sera will reveal emergence of new antibodies (post-immunotherapy gain of antibodies) against proteins of potential interest for melanoma targeting. (mayo.edu)
  • The DNA sequence of phage ϕIBB-PF7A was determined and it consists of linear double-stranded DNA of 40,973 bp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mechanistically, SEs recruited bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) at the site of ZBTB16 , which then bound to RNA polymerase II-associated protein 2 (RPAP2) that transported RNA polymerase II (POL II) into the nucleus. (nature.com)
  • Of these modifications, only the changes to polymerase 3D result in a change in the amino acid sequence. (biosafety.be)
  • Many cell proteins have jelly role motifs, and some form 60-subunit virus-like particles in cells. (virology.ws)
  • A late protein is a viral protein that is formed after replication of the virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most interesting observation from the nPOD data is the patchy distribution of insulitis, with MHC class II hyper-expression on β-cells, which was co-located with viral protein. (qscience.com)
  • A specific group of phages has a number of conserved proteins but also a relatively high number of proteins for which no match occurs in the current databases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the last few years, a large number of T7-like phages have been sequenced most of which have been gathered in a new viral subfamily within the family Podoviridae . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparative sequence analysis of pPATH pathogenicity plasmids in Pantoea agglomerans gall-forming bacteria. (tau.ac.il)
  • One example is syncytin , a retroviral protein used for the construction of the mammalian placenta. (virology.ws)
  • The sequencing of the human genome revealed that at least 1% of the human genome consists of endogenous retroviral sequences, representing past encounters with retroviruses during the course of human evolution. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The individual protein subunit of the virus capsid and formed in repetitive sequence. (innvista.com)