• Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and Microsatellite DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to detect the relationships among 12 wild accessions and 62 groundcover chrysanthemum cultivars. (ashs.org)
  • alata ) using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique. (open-science-repository.com)
  • An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing highly polymerized DNA by splitting phosphodiester linkages, preferentially adjacent to a pyrimidine nucleotide. (lookformedical.com)
  • We can therefore amplify nucleotide sequences from infinitesimal amounts of DNA extract. (intechopen.com)
  • It's been approximated that to anticipate the ancestry of people, up to thousand random one nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or brief tandem repeats (STRs) may 864814-88-0 manufacture be required [13]. (tech-strategy.org)
  • This review gives a brief summary on the development of genetic markers including both the classical genetic markers and more advanced DNA-based molecular markers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By the 1980s, many different types of DNA molecular markers had been explored, e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All of these DNA-based markers contain specific advantages and have played significant roles in the evaluation of genetic diversity in farm animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • A number of markers are now available to detect nuclear DNA polymorphisms. (intechopen.com)
  • Residual heterozygosity in the initial inbreds can partly explain the observed responses as evidenced by 42 markers derived from both Methyl-Sensitive Amplification- and Amplified Fragment Length- Polymorphisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Its principle is based on the use of DNA polymerase which is an in vitro replication of specific DNA sequences. (intechopen.com)
  • The Hypervariable regions are known to be highly polymorphic relative to other parts of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, with biotechnological and computer innovations, novel strategies such as whole-genome SNP chips and DNA Barcoding have emerged. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, if there is a selective pressure towards local adaptation, the genetic diversity introduced by HGT will be purged, resulting in a closed pan-genome and clonal lineages [14]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Estimates of the mutation rate of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) vary greatly depending on the available data and the method used for estimation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, the following questions were addressed: 1) the phylogeography of the two O. h. robertsoni phylogroups, 2) regional and local population structure in space and time, and 3) patterns of local dispersal under different isolation-by-distance scenarios. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nineteen EcoR I/ Mse I primer combinations revealed 452 informative polymorphic bands with a mean of 23.8 bands and 71.5% polymorphic rate per primer pair. (ashs.org)
  • Three primer combinations that produced clear scorable and highly polymorphic bands were screened from 64 Eco RI and Ms eI primer combinations. (open-science-repository.com)
  • This catalyzes endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA yielding 5'-phosphodi- and oligonucleotide end-products. (lookformedical.com)
  • Ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and synthetic oligonucleotide probing in the identification of genera of lower trypanosomatids. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • DNA cleavage is inhibited where the ligand binds to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The present study utilized radioligand binding and immunoblotting techniques to compare in vitro DAT density and ligand affinity across a series of cell lines stably transfected with constructs containing the DAT1 coding region flanked downstream by one of four DAT1 3'UTR variants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the selective inactivation of Ophiostoma genes by insertional mutagenesis remains a challenge, an alternative approach based on RNA interference is now available for down-regulating the expression of targeted genes. (sisef.it)
  • Random genetic drift may also cause the loss of mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of the uncertainties from the archeological record, scientists have turned to molecular dating techniques in order to refine the timeline of human evolution. (wikipedia.org)
  • At present, DNA molecular marker techniques are widely applied in the fields of germplasm identification, phylogenetics, and genetic structural analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The drug moieties may affect cytotoxic and cytostatic mechanisms including tubulin binding, DNA binding, or topoisomerase inhibition. (justia.com)
  • Indeed, if the sequence of interest is present in the DNA extract, it is possible to selectively replicate it (we speak of amplification) in very large numbers. (intechopen.com)
  • Both male and female flowers of T. fortunei originate as bisexual flowers, and selective abortion occurs during floral development. (beds.ac.uk)
  • A method for determining the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • This method can generate tens of billions of copies of a particular DNA fragment (the sequence of interest, DNA of interest, or target DNA) from a DNA extract (DNA template). (intechopen.com)
  • If you sell into this improving a shape, random, as honest case, Check related -- it provides some ridicule in it, happily. (ligaya-technologies.com)
  • The power of PCR is based on the fact that the amount of matrix DNA is not, in theory, a limiting factor. (intechopen.com)
  • Molecular typing by random amplification of polymorphic DNA showed distinct banding profiles for each blood isolate. (nih.gov)
  • Suitable WGA techniques include primer extension PCR (PEP), degenerated oligonucleotide primed PCR, ligation-mediated PCR (LMP), the T7-based linear amplification of DNA (TLAD), and multiple displacement amplification (MDA). (justia.com)
  • In other embodiments, DNA is produced by reverse transcription or amplification of non-coding RNA. (justia.com)
  • Methods are provided for multiplexed amplification of selected targets and analysis of the amplified targets. (justia.com)
  • The methods of the invention relate generally to amplification of nucleic acid on a solid support and analysis of the amplified nucleic acid. (justia.com)
  • This clonal amplification enables a single DNA molecule to be amplified on solid phase, which physically separates one molecule from another. (justia.com)
  • After amplification, these distinct clusters of DNA are then subject to repeated cycles of ligation or reversible single base chain terminated extension. (justia.com)
  • The invention relates to methods useful for analyzing the nucleic acids, e.g., genomic DNA or RNA (e.g., non-coding RNA or mRNA), of small populations of cells or single cells. (justia.com)
  • An obstacle to the rapid and reliable analysis of genomic DNA or RNA (e.g., non-coding RNA or mRNA) from small samples or single cells has been that the reproducibility of conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been inadequate to ensure that all target nucleic acids of interest are amplified sufficiently to be detected. (justia.com)
  • The nucleic acids generated, e.g., from a single cell's genomic DNA or RNA, can be subjected to preamplification. (justia.com)
  • Repeated cycles generate short fragments of DNA sequence which can then be assembled into a larger continuous length of finished sequence. (justia.com)
  • A PCR-based strategy with primers designed on exons was used to successfully amplify NPR1 gene fragments from different Vitaceae accessions. (beds.ac.uk)
  • In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). (lookformedical.com)
  • In many of the embodiments the methods include amplifying a target to make many copies and then analyzing the copies. (justia.com)
  • Estimates of the mutation rate of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) vary greatly depending on the available data and the method used for estimation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequence data, the Sumgayit region has reduced levels of genetic diversity, likely due to environmental degradation. (nih.gov)
  • This pre-clinical model demonstrates the high efficiency and potential of the MST technique, not only to prevent the transmission of mtDNA mutations, but also as a new potential treatment for patients with certain forms of infertility refractory to current clinical strategies. (elifesciences.org)
  • Quality of genomic DNA was verifi ed growing on plant debris. (cdc.gov)
  • The present invention provides methods for analysis of genomic DNA and/or RNA from small samples or even single cells. (justia.com)
  • In preferred aspects the analysis is a determination of sequence at one or more locations in the amplified target. (justia.com)
  • The targets of interest are then amplified in a defined location so that many copies of the same target sequence are generated in a single location. (justia.com)
  • DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom. (lookformedical.com)
  • DNA elements that include the component genes and insertion site for a site-specific recombination system that enables them to capture mobile gene cassettes. (lookformedical.com)
  • This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). (lookformedical.com)
  • The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. (lookformedical.com)
  • Because of the uncertainties from the archeological record, scientists have turned to molecular dating techniques in order to refine the timeline of human evolution. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sun Yat-Sen University, counterparts ( 15 ), which indicates that infection is not a Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (J. Sun, random process. (cdc.gov)
  • infection in bamboo rats is assumed to lend a selective benefit by creating a nutrient-rich patch for sporulation and widespread aerosol-dispersal after the eventual death of the host ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • These observations suggest that while HBV may integrate randomly during chronic infection, selective expression of functional chimeric transcripts may occur during tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcriptome sequencing of HCC patients reveals key cancer molecules and clinically relevant pathways deregulated/mutated in HCC patients and suggests that while HBV may integrate randomly during chronic infection, selective expression of functional chimeric transcripts likely occur during the process of tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, inbred mice carrying the agouti viable yellow (A vy ) allele show a range of coat colours associated with different DNA methylation states at the locus. (researchgate.net)
  • This approach allows for the locus specific targeting of sequencing in only regions of interest and reduces the overwhelming redundancies required with other random sampling methods. (justia.com)
  • This locus is the likely target of a recent selective sweep that originated right before or during colonization of northern Scandinavia following the last glaciation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using Affymetrix GENECHIP arrays, specific hybridization can be achieved by direct synthesis of the DNA sequences of interest on arrays. (justia.com)
  • The amplified target is then analyzed, for example, by sequencing by synthesis or sequencing by ligation. (justia.com)
  • Vineyard is constantly subjected to numerous stresses due to climatic conditions, farming techniques, mineral deficiency or pathogens. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. (lookformedical.com)
  • Random genetic drift may also cause the loss of mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although population surveys are generally the most accurate means of estimating population size, in situations where no surveys were performed before contaminant exposures, as in Sumgayit, Azerbaijan, population genetic techniques are quite useful for investigating possible changes in effective population size ( N e ). (nih.gov)
  • Using this technique, it is possible to generate human egg cells for IVF that have the genetic material from the intended mother without the defects in the cytoplasm that may be responsible for infertility. (elifesciences.org)
  • When DNA is produced from RNA, e.g., by reverse transcription, preamplification can then be carried out in the same reaction mixture. (justia.com)
  • In preferred aspects the methods reduce the requirements for analysis of redundant sequences relative to that of methods that employ random sampling methods. (justia.com)
  • This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. (lookformedical.com)
  • Targets are amplified in a feature to which the target hybridizes through a target specific interaction between a probe in the feature and the target. (justia.com)
  • applied MST to infertile female mice and found that the technique could permanently correct deficiencies in the cytoplasms of poor quality egg cells, allowing the mice to give birth to healthy offspring. (elifesciences.org)
  • The DNA sequencing approach is therefore random and currently does not specifically sample any targeted regions of interest. (justia.com)
  • Here, we explore the utility of the maternal spindle transfer (MST) technique as a reproductive approach to enhance oocyte developmental competence. (elifesciences.org)
  • Genes involved in cell cycle progression, DNA repair, cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix were frequently reported to be up-regulated in HCC while immune response and metabolic enzyme genes were found to be down-regulated [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length. (lookformedical.com)
  • These findings open up the possibility of developing new treatments for infertility caused by problems with egg cells, so experiments involving human egg cells are now being performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the technique. (elifesciences.org)