Selection gene frequency. Medical search. Frequent questions

Frequency-dependent selection can also lead to dynamical chaos when some individuals' fitnesses become very low at intermediate allele frequencies. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore rare alleles spread through the population, pushing the gene pool toward an ideal equilibrium where every allele is equally common. (wikipedia.org)
This was the first step towards establishing population genetics and quantitative genetics , which demonstrated that natural selection could change allele frequencies in a population, reconciling its discontinuous nature with gradual evolution . (wikipedia.org)
The mechanism that has carried the derived inversion haplotypes to such high allele frequencies remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
Selection for recombinants that acquired the trait, followed by genome-wide profiling of donor-specific allele frequencies, we can rapidly identify the relevant genes. (drexel.edu)
The graph made it clear that some genes stand out from the pattern and have very different allele frequencies in the two populations. (berkeley.edu)
The observation of an allele with a high frequency in the Tibetans and low frequency in the Han might have been caused by selection favoring the allele in the Tibetans (and so might be related to adaptation to high altitudes) or by selection acting against the allele the Han (and so have nothing at all to do with adaptation to high altitudes). (berkeley.edu)
If, however, the Danes and Han have similar allele frequencies and the Tibetans are outliers, then selection likely occurred in the Tibetans and may have been caused by the challenges of living at high altitudes. (berkeley.edu)
Furthermore, the Han and Danish had similar allele frequencies for this gene, while the Tibetans alone had a high frequency of two unusual alleles - which suggests that selection favored those particular alleles in the Tibetans. (berkeley.edu)
In this diagram, the length of each branch is proportional to differentiation in allele frequencies. (berkeley.edu)
The extra-long Tibetan branch indicates that, for this gene, allele frequencies changed a lot in the Tibetan population. (berkeley.edu)
Assessment does not include allele frequency calculations. (nextgenscience.org)

Natural selection quickly increases in frequency any alleles which confer protection against the exogenous stress. (discovermagazine.com)
Frequencies of pharmacogenomic alleles across biogeographic groups in a large-scale biobank. (amedeo.com)
Genetic drift is a change in the frequency of a population's genes and alleles over time, often by founder effects (when a small group of individuals relocate) or bottlenecking (when a large population is decimated, leaving a smaller group to repopulate). (visionlearning.com)
Genetic Drift: Genetic drift refers to the random fluctuations in the frequencies of alleles (alternative forms of genes) within a population. (darwinism-watch.com)
Bloom syndrome (congenital telangiectatic erythema) is caused by a mutation in both alleles of the gene designated BLM, traced to band 15q26.1. (medscape.com)

Point mutations are shown to alter genes that already exist. (skeptoid.com)
Point mutations within a gene is still not adding new information, which I think is what you are pointing to, though Argent47 may have some more specific info that may say otherwise according to his post. (skeptoid.com)
Inversions are intrachromosomal structural mutations which result in the reversal of gene order (and no change in the genic content of a chromosome) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes that have been transformed by natural selection show an unusually high proportion of mutations leading to altered proteins. (antievolution.org)
5) also if #1,2,3,4 are ok, no one has proved that natural selection passed along those mutations. (blogspot.com)
Statistical analyses revealed that the potential for induction of polyreactivity by the redox-active metal ions correlated with a higher number of somatic mutations in V genes encoding variable domains of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains. (bvsalud.org)
LS is a dominantly inherited condition with mutations in several mismatch repair (MMR) genes. (cdc.gov)
In a study of 450 CRC diagnosed under 50 years via the Ohio Colorectal Cancer Prevention Initiative, germline DNA analysis for mutations in 25 cancer susceptibility genes was done in addition to assessing microsatellite instability and/or immunohistochemistry for MMR deficiency. (cdc.gov)
Of all tested patients, 16% had gene mutations. (cdc.gov)
With such a relatively high frequency and spectrum of mutations, genetic counseling and testing with a multigene panel may be beneficial for all patients with early-onset CRC. (cdc.gov)
The BLM mutations can be found in compound heterozygous forms, homozygous forms, or as single gene mutation forms. (medscape.com)
Over 60 mutations of the BLM gene have been found in Bloom syndrome. (medscape.com)
Both Cowden syndrome and Cowden-like syndrome are caused by mutations in the same genes. (medlineplus.gov)
About 25 percent of Cowden syndrome and a small percentage of cases of Cowden-like syndrome result from mutations in the PTEN gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the PTEN gene prevent the PTEN protein from regulating cell proliferation effectively, leading to uncontrolled cell division and the formation of hamartomas and cancerous tumors. (medlineplus.gov)
however, research is needed to determine what role mutations in this gene play in causing the other features of Cowden syndrome, such as macrocephaly and intellectual disability. (medlineplus.gov)
Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

The Modern Synthesis says, in essence, that natural selection drives evolutionary change by changing gene frequencies in populations of organisms. (santafe.edu)
Reviewing Cavalli-Sforza's 2000 book Genes, Peoples, and Languages in The New York Review of Books , Jared Diamond praised the Stanford researcher for "demolishing scientists' attempts to classify human populations into races in the same way that they classify birds and other species into races. (stanford.edu)
Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on using data to provide evidence for how specific biotic and abiotic differences in ecosystems (such as ranges of seasonal temperature, long-term climate change, acidity, light, geographic barriers, or evolution of other organisms) contribute to a change in gene frequency over time, leading to adaptation of populations. (nextgenscience.org)
In populations like the Buriat people of Siberia, whose broad faces might be an adaptation to cold climates, measurable physical changes seem to have been driven by selection. (jstor.org)
Selection and genetic drift can create genetic differences between populations. (johnshopkins.edu)
We compared the genotype frequencies of 45 SNPs in 30 cytokine and chemokine genes in two healthy Chinese populations and one Caucasian population. (johnshopkins.edu)
To further characterize common genetic variation in worldwide populations at the IL4 locus, we genotyped 9 SNPs at the IL4 gene in the Human Diversity Panel's (N=1056) individuals from 52 world geographic regions. (johnshopkins.edu)
We observed low haplotype diversity, yet strikingly different haplotype frequencies between non-African populations, which may indicate different selective pressures on the IL4 gene in different parts of the world. (johnshopkins.edu)
These results suggest that there is substantial genetic diversity in immune genes and exploration of SNP associations with immune-related diseases that vary in incidence across these two populations may be warranted. (johnshopkins.edu)
These processes work alongside natural selection, shaping and diversifying populations over time. (darwinism-watch.com)

Sickle-cell disease one of the classical illustrations of heterozygote advantage, whereby those who carry one copy of the mutation on the gene have increased fitness vis-a-vis those who carry two normal copies of the gene. (discovermagazine.com)
The researchers will follow the tracks of milk throughout Europe, making use of a model for the spread of genes in order to follow the dissemination of the mutation. (sciencedaily.com)
In this model the frequency of the mutation increases along the 'frontline' of the dissemination¬-that is, we in Scandinavia, on the periphery, should thus have the highest frequency of the specific gene. (sciencedaily.com)
But no other mutation seems to have had so positive a selection in the last ten thousand years as the one that creates lactose tolerance. (sciencedaily.com)
A representation of how natural selection occurs, from the appearance of a mutation to the change in a population. (visionlearning.com)
Lab experiments show that natural selection passes along a beneficial mutation when it has at least a 10% fitness advantage. (blogspot.com)
In addition to natural selection, there are three other important mechanisms of evolution: genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. (darwinism-watch.com)
The first gene therapy, delandistrogene moxeparvovec (Elevidys), gained accelerated FDA approval in June 2023 for the treatment of Duchenne MD in ambulant pediatric patients aged 4-5 years with a confirmed mutation in the DMD gene. (medscape.com)
It is indicated for Duchenne MD in patients who have a confirmed mutation of the DMD gene that is amenable to exon 51 skipping. (medscape.com)
It is indicated for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in patients with a confirmed DMD gene mutation that is amenable to exon 53 skipping. (medscape.com)
As part of the multicenter, population-based Ohio Colorectal Cancer Prevention Initiative, tumor DNA was sequenced for 419 consecutive CRC cases undergoing standard universal tumor screening and germline genetic testing, and 46 patients with CRC known to have LS due to a germline mutation in a mismatch repair gene. (cdc.gov)

The first explicit statement of frequency-dependent selection appears to have been by Edward Bagnall Poulton in 1884, on the way that predators could maintain color polymorphisms in their prey. (wikipedia.org)
Clarke later argued that frequency-dependent balancing selection could explain molecular polymorphisms (often in the absence of heterosis) in opposition to the neutral theory of molecular evolution. (wikipedia.org)
The present study is aimed at exploring whether rs3213172, rs3213173, and rs3213176 polymorphisms of the E2F1 gene confer risk for ovarian cancer. (hindawi.com)
The rs3213172, rs3213173, and rs3213176 polymorphisms of the E2F1 gene were detected by the fluorescent probe method. (hindawi.com)
E2F1 gene rs3213173 and rs3213176 polymorphisms confer no risk to ovarian cancer risk. (hindawi.com)
The present study is to explore whether E2F1 gene polymorphisms confer risk for ovarian cancer. (hindawi.com)
I explore problems such as how frequency-dependent processes within and between species maintains diversity, whether genetic polymorphisms or species in ecological communities. (lu.se)

The result makes sense, he says, because until relatively recently the human population has been smaller than that of chimps, leaving us more vulnerable to random fluctuations in gene frequencies. (antievolution.org)
The researchers show that random fluctuations in gene frequencies (which arise in any finite population) can generate sharp margins by reducing genetic variance below the level that would be needed for the species to adapt to spatially variable conditions. (ist.ac.at)
The second key parameter describes how effective selection is relative to random fluctuations. (ist.ac.at)

changes in gene frequencies due to random events, such as when a small group is isolated from the rest of the population, thus narrowing the gene pool. (visionlearning.com)

Frequency-dependent selection can lead to polymorphic equilibria, which result from interactions among genotypes within species, in the same way that multi-species equilibria require interactions between species in competition (e.g. where αij parameters in Lotka-Volterra competition equations are non-zero). (wikipedia.org)
the responsible gene reaches polymorphic frequencies in all of them. (wayne.edu)

We used an integrative approach to comprehensively assess the interactions between 1.6 million data points, encompassing a range of environmental exposures, health, and gene expression levels, coupled with whole-genome genetic variation. (nature.com)
After attributing a regional and/or continental ancestry to each individual using genome-wide polymorphism data, we are able to capture the effect of different environmental exposures on gene expression and health-related traits, while simultaneously controlling for genetic relatedness and migration. (nature.com)
In total, we enrolled 621 cases and 958 frequency-matched controls in the Genes and Environmental Exposures in Veterans with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis study. (cdc.gov)

it is around that time, thousands of years ago, that resistance genes began to be more common. (jstor.org)

We present a novel and efficient non-integrating gene expression system in human embryonic stem cells (hESc) utilizing human artificial chromosomes (HAC), which behave as autonomous endogenous host chromosomes and segregate correctly during cell division. (nih.gov)
A gene present on the X and Y sex chromosomes that is used in DNA identification testing to determine the gender of the donor of the DNA in a biological sample. (ojp.gov)
A farm dog's traits are controlled by genes, located (like beads) on thread-like chromosomes inside the nucleus of each cell. (wkc.org.au)
When the reproductive cells (the male sperm and the female ova (eggs)) combine at mating, the chromosomes split and recombine, producing a fresh combination of each parent's genes in the new offspring. (wkc.org.au)

More generally, frequency-dependent selection includes when biological interactions make an individual's fitness depend on the frequencies of other phenotypes or genotypes in the population. (wikipedia.org)
Frequency-dependent selection is usually the result of interactions between species (predation, parasitism, or competition), or between genotypes within species (usually competitive or symbiotic), and has been especially frequently discussed with relation to anti-predator adaptations. (wikipedia.org)
Right now "experimental evolution" studies which mutate sequences and then ask how those genotypes change frequency in cultures of yeast are very popular, now that DNA sequencing of large samples can be done. (pandasthumb.org)

But when several genes are telling the same story, you're more confident that you've got the history right," said Cavalli-Sforza's longtime Stanford collaborator Peter Underhill, PhD, senior research scientist in genetics, in Stanford Medicine magazine. (stanford.edu)

When Charles Darwin published his idea of natural selection as a mechanism for the evolution of species, in 1859, he had no theory of inheritance. (santafe.edu)
Natural selection acts on inherited genetic variation, but where that inherited variation came from was still a mystery. (santafe.edu)
Such a change might come about because natural selection favored the gene, because the population received new immigrants carrying the gene, because some nonresistant genes mutated to the resistant version, or because of random genetic drift from one generation to the next. (skeptoid.com)
This lesson serves as an extension to the Howard Hughes Medical Institute short film The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation. (berkeley.edu)
In other words, far from holding that natural selection operates mainly on genes blindly replicating themselves or on individuals struggling for life and, more important, reproduction, Wilson is one of a growing number of distinguished scientists who believe that competition among superorganisms-functionally organized groups-is key to understanding evolution. (prospect.org)
Sexual selection in humans concerns the concept of sexual selection , introduced by Charles Darwin as an element of his theory of natural selection , [1] as it affects humans . (wikipedia.org)
Sexual selection's role in human evolution cannot be definitively established, as features may result from an equilibrium among competing selective pressures, some involving sexual selection, others natural selection , and others pleiotropy . (wikipedia.org)
He also hypothesized that contrasts in sexual selection acting along with natural selection were significant factors in the geographical differentiation in human appearance of some isolated groups, as he did not believe that natural selection alone provided a satisfactory answer. (wikipedia.org)
Is natural selection a meaningless tautology? (pandasthumb.org)
In argument with creationists one often hears the point made, triumphantly, that natural selection is a tautology. (pandasthumb.org)
This is a project that illustrates the process of natural selection in action. (sciencebuddies.org)
Organisms evolve over generations by the process of natural selection. (sciencebuddies.org)
Natural selection is the process whereby some individuals in a population are more successful at producing offspring, due to genetic variations that they possess. (sciencebuddies.org)
Over many generations, natural selection leads to an increased frequency of beneficial genes in the population. (sciencebuddies.org)
natural selection. (sciencebuddies.org)
This pathway, called "natural transformation," is a major mechanism of gene transfer across bacteria and has a profound effect on genome evolution, including spreading antibiotic resistances and other virulence determinants. (drexel.edu)
2. Can natural transformation be exploited to map pathogenesis genes? (drexel.edu)
We have developed a novel method for mapping genes in bacteria, exploiting natural transformation in combination with genome-wide deep sequencing. (drexel.edu)
Newer work is using the same approach to map the genes responsible for natural variation in other pathogenesis traits, including resistance to human complement-mediated killing, as well as investigating the possibility of identifying genes involved in in vivo pathogenesis in an animal model of otitis media. (drexel.edu)
As survival constantly improves, natural selection is no longer a major force that shapes the human population. (visionlearning.com)
Humans continue to evolve due to a variety of evolutionary forces: natural selection, artificial selection, genetic drift, and via transhuman breakthroughs. (visionlearning.com)
Natural selection is the phenomenon that rewards certain advantageous traits and punishes others through better or worse survival or reproduction. (visionlearning.com)
Natural selection is one of the forces that moves evolution forward. (visionlearning.com)
Natural selection has always been the prime shaper of the human population and DNA sequence analysis has revealed just how powerful the force has been since the dawn of civilization. (visionlearning.com)
All of this was powered mostly by natural selection. (visionlearning.com)
But will natural selection remain the prime evolutionary force for humanity much longer? (visionlearning.com)
Evolution and natural selection are not the same thing. (visionlearning.com)
Medical science and public health measures have enabled the developed world to escape most natural selection , for the most part, certainly for the past several decades. (visionlearning.com)
In Darwin's time, for instance, only about 50 percent of British children survived to age 21, so in those days natural selection was certainly operating on humans. (visionlearning.com)
Due to the marginalization of natural selection , futurists often predict that humans will not evolve more in any major way. (visionlearning.com)
This prevents natural selection from having as strong an effect overall. (antievolution.org)
Does natural selection apply to humans? (jstor.org)
Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information-that is, trait variation-that leads to differences in performance among individuals. (exploringnature.org)
Natural selection leads to adaptation, that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. (exploringnature.org)
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is a cornerstone of modern biology. (darwinism-watch.com)
He proposed that the process of natural selection is the primary mechanism driving evolutionary change. (darwinism-watch.com)
The process of natural selection acts on the variation present within a population, favoring individuals that possess traits better suited to their environment and enabling them to leave more offspring. (darwinism-watch.com)
It's important to note that natural selection is not the only mechanism of evolution. (darwinism-watch.com)
I also strive to understand how natural and sexual selection interact and affect population divergence, reproductive isolation and ultimately speciation and biodiversity. (lu.se)
In addition, I am in interested in the role of phenotypic plasticity - including learning - in the early stages of divergence and in population persistence and in evolutionary rescue vs. extinction by natural or sexual selection. (lu.se)
A more recent theme in my research lab has been the role of temperature in natural and sexual selection in shaping local adaptation, biogeographic patterns and phenotypic evolution on micro- and macroevolutionary time scales. (lu.se)

[21] In 1915 he published a paper The evolution of sexual preference [22] on sexual selection and mate choice . (wikipedia.org)
Fast forward past the discovery of genes to the late 1930s, when geneticists and naturalists were locked in a battle over how evolution worked. (santafe.edu)
Evolution at this scale can be observed over short periods of time ' for example, between one generation and the next, the frequency of a gene for pesticide resistance in a population of crop pests increases. (skeptoid.com)
and explore data on migrations and gene frequency to show convergent evolution of skin color. (berkeley.edu)
Over the long term one assumes that 'better solutions' will emerge which do not have so high a fitness drag, perhaps through the evolution of modifier genes which mask the deleterious outcomes of the initial mutant. (discovermagazine.com)
Yet another variant of Darwinian theory reduces evolution to what the biologist Richard Dawkins famously called "the selfish gene. (prospect.org)
So recent decades produced a lot of ways of explaining the evolution of limits on selfishness, and with one exception they all involve some benefit to the individual, or at least to the genes, from restraining raw selfishness. (prospect.org)
The modern theory of evolution owes much to population genetics and our understanding of how genes work. (blogspot.com)
The kind of evolution that focuses on genes in a population is usually called microevolution. (blogspot.com)
[2] The role of sexual selection in human evolution has not been firmly established although neoteny has been cited as being caused by human sexual selection. (wikipedia.org)
[3] It has been suggested that sexual selection played a part in the evolution of the anatomically modern human brain, i.e. the structures responsible for social intelligence underwent positive selection as a sexual ornamentation to be used in courtship rather than for survival itself, [4] and that it has developed in ways outlined by Ronald Fisher in the Fisherian runaway model. (wikipedia.org)
We are applying a variety of genomic methods to identifying putative virulence genes, including machine learning and phylogenetic correlated evolution methods. (drexel.edu)
Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include other mechanisms of evolution, such as genetic drift, gene flow through migration, and co-evolution. (nextgenscience.org)

Positive frequency-dependent selection gives an advantage to common phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
Dissecting the high-resolution genetic architecture of complex phenotypes by accurately estimating gene-based conditional heritability. (amedeo.com)

[24] He put forward a genetics conceptual model showing that continuous variation amongst phenotypic traits measured by biostatisticians could be produced by the combined action of many discrete genes and thus be the result of Mendelian inheritance . (wikipedia.org)
Air pollution impacts gene expression and pathways affecting cardio-metabolic and respiratory traits, when controlling for genetic ancestry. (nature.com)
Wilson believes that to answer this question, we must turn to evolutionary theory, and especially to a theory known as group selection, which holds that better adapted groups produce more offspring, with the result that their traits are passed on. (prospect.org)
Environments during childhood can have a whopping effect on each of these three traits as well, but none of this changes the mathematics or the long-term predictive value of kin selection theory. (prospect.org)
Accumulation of Favorable Traits: Over time, as more individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce, the frequency of those traits increases in the population. (darwinism-watch.com)
Simple' traits are controlled by single genes, inherited according to the laws of Mendel. (wkc.org.au)
Complex' traits are controlled by many genes. (wkc.org.au)

The CT genotype of E2F1 gene rs3213172 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, and E2F1 gene rs3213172 polymorphism may be a novel marker for the risk prediction of ovarian cancer. (hindawi.com)

Sickle-cell anaemia (also known as sickle-cell disorder or sickle-cell disease) is a common genetic condition due to a haemoglobin disorder - inheritance of mutant haemoglobin genes from both parents. (who.int)
Although a single abnormal gene may protect against malaria, inheritance of two abnormal genes leads to sickle-cell anaemia and confers no such protection, and malaria is a major cause of ill-health and death in children with sickle-cell anaemia. (who.int)

We are now using advanced optical mapping technology to reproduce these maps in the absence of genetic variation, in order to disentangle the role of chromosome structure from the potential for genetic incompatibilities ("speciation genes") skewing our results. (drexel.edu)

In behavioral ecology, negative frequency-dependent selection often maintains multiple behavioral strategies within a species. (wikipedia.org)
One wrinkle, though: what happens to gene frequencies of behavioral genes? (philosophyetc.net)

Frequency-dependent selection is an evolutionary process by which the fitness of a phenotype or genotype depends on the phenotype or genotype composition of a given population. (wikipedia.org)
About 5% of the world's population carries genes responsible for haemoglobinopathies. (who.int)
For example, in Nigeria, by far the most populous country in the subregion, 24% of the population are carriers of the mutant gene and the prevalence of sickle-cell anaemia is about 20 per 1000 births. (who.int)
Microevolution is a change in gene frequency within a population. (skeptoid.com)
If a gene affects altruism in such a way that the altruism is more likely to be directed at close relatives, the gene can spread in the population despite the cost imposed on the altruist. (prospect.org)
Starting with initial gene frequencies, there are standard equations of theoretical population genetics that predict long-term outcomes. (pandasthumb.org)
This rapid generation time makes them a good experimental model for studying the effects of selection pressure on a population. (sciencebuddies.org)
These genes have probably undergone selection recently, but Emilia couldn't be sure which population had experienced selection. (berkeley.edu)
To figure out in which population the selection occurred, the team examined a third, more distantly related European population, the Danish. (berkeley.edu)
I combine classical population biological studies in nature with field and laboratory experiments, quantitative genetic approaches, measurements of selection and phylogenetic comparative methods. (lu.se)

citation needed] Another, rather complicated example occurs in the Batesian mimicry complex between a harmless mimic, the scarlet kingsnake (Lampropeltis elapsoides), and the model, the eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius), in locations where the model and mimic were in deep sympatry, the phenotype of the scarlet kingsnake was quite variable due to relaxed selection. (wikipedia.org)
In Portuguese Water Dogs (PWDs), this disease occurs with a frequency of 1-2 percent, and is a heritable autoimmune disease of low penetrance, caused by several interacting genes. (akcchf.org)
Thus, each parent contributes one-half of the genetic makeup of each offspring, and the particular combination of genes that is passed on occurs at random. (wkc.org.au)

There is no difference between micro- and macroevolution except that genes between species usually diverge, while genes within species usually combine. (blogspot.com)

As you can see on the graph above, two variants of this gene had a frequency of over 80% among Tibetans but less than 30% among Han Chinese. (berkeley.edu)
A small percentage of Cowden syndrome and Cowden-like syndrome are associated with variants in the WWP1 gene. (medlineplus.gov)

For each DNA letter at which the human or chimp genes differ from our shared ancestral form inferred from the corresponding gene in macaques researchers noted whether the change led to an altered protein. (antievolution.org)
Rarely, Cowden syndrome and Cowden-like syndrome result from a change involving the KLLN gene. (medlineplus.gov)

Further, in order to capture gene-by-environment interactions through eQTL analyses, we combine whole-transcriptome RNA-Sequencing profiles with whole-genome genotyping and extensive fine-scale environmental exposure data. (nature.com)
Using both new and existing data, we propose to identify regions of the PWD genome that contain genes regulating the frequency of Addison's disease. (akcchf.org)
To identify candidate genes, we will make selections using the newly available canine genome sequence, as well as the more detailed human genome sequence. (akcchf.org)
1. What factors control transformation frequency across the genome? (drexel.edu)

Migration raised the frequency of the gene in the American continent. (who.int)

In this retrospective multi-cohort study, we investigated whether combining pyroptosis- and immune-related genes improves prognostic classification of AML patients. (nature.com)

This distribution reflects the fact that sickle-cell trait confers a survival advantage against malaria and that selection pressure due to malaria has resulted in high frequencies of the mutant gene especially in areas of high malarial transmission. (who.int)
The sickle-cell gene has become common in Africa because the sickle-cell trait confers some resistance to falciparum malaria during a critical period of early childhood, favouring survival of the host and subsequent transmission of the abnormal haemoglobin gene. (who.int)

Studies have found that E2F1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells and plays a role of oncogenic gene [ 10 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Use the tabs at the bottom of the feature to find related videos, assignments, and lessons to build this example into a lesson sequence on artificial selection. (berkeley.edu)
Acute respiratory infections are a major the Region provided influenza virus iso- ian Arab Republic after 2012, and no cause of morbidity and mortality, with lates, clinical specimens, gene sequence data were received from Afghanistan or influenza virus infection a significant data and epidemiological information the Islamic Republic of Iran during the contributor, causing an estimated 250 to the WHO CCs and submitted data period 2010-2015. (who.int)

Can left-over residue from antibacterial soaps actually work as a selection mechanism for the development of resistant bacteria? (sciencebuddies.org)

In positive frequency-dependent selection, the fitness of a phenotype or genotype increases as it becomes more common. (wikipedia.org)

Total RNA from tumors the expression of thousands of genes (3) to address complex questions was isolated using two successive rounds of Trizol. (lu.se)

Globally, there are more carriers (i.e. healthy people who have inherited only one mutant gene from one parent) of thalassaemia than of sickle-cell anaemia, but the high frequency of the sickle-cell gene in certain areas leads to a high rate of affected newborns. (who.int)
The increase in frequency of the mutant gene though is balanced by the fact that mutant homozygotes have decreased fitness. (discovermagazine.com)

The characteristics of a single copy of a specific gene, or of a single copy of a specific location on a chromosome. (ojp.gov)

Positive frequency-dependent selection provides the basis for Müllerian mimicry, as described by Fritz Müller, because all species involved are aposematic and share the benefit of a common, honest signal to potential predators. (wikipedia.org)

Evolutionary geneticist Jianzhi Zhang and colleagues at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, US, compared DNA sequences for 13,888 genes shared by human, chimp and rhesus macaques. (antievolution.org)

Frequency-dependent selection may explain the high degree of polymorphism in the MHC. (wikipedia.org)
The deriving stable clones generated green fluorescent protein gene-expressing HAC at high frequency, which were stably maintained without selection for 3 months. (nih.gov)
[11] Current consensus about the evolutionary development of the human brain accepts sexual selection as a potential contributing factor but maintains that human intelligence and the ability to store and share cultural knowledge would have likely carried high survival value as well. (wikipedia.org)
Although, the number of omic techniques is ever expanding, the most developed omics technologies are high throughput DNA sequencing, transcriptomics (focused on gene expression), epigenomics (focused on epigenetic regulation of gene expression), proteomics (focused on large sets of proteins, the proteome) and metabolomics (focused on large sets of metabolites, the metabolome). (who.int)

10% transformation frequency), which reside in genes undergoing strong diversifying selection that encode large membrane proteins, likely as an immune invasion tactic. (drexel.edu)
The gene encoding these proteins is FANCM . (medscape.com)
The WWP1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the process that targets other proteins to be broken down (degraded) within cells. (medlineplus.gov)

How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)

Over the past 3,000 years, various genes affecting metabolic function such as lactose digestion and insulin signaling, and affecting physical features such as eye color, have evolved. (visionlearning.com)
The gene for lactose tolerance that allows adults to digest dairy products also arose as a result of agriculture and livestock husbandry. (jstor.org)

Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis-related genes are associated with the prognosis of cancer patients. (nature.com)
While LS is the most common form of hereditary syndrome associated with colorectal cancer, other genes are involved. (cdc.gov)

Frequencies of the carrier state determine the prevalence of sickle-cell anaemia at birth. (who.int)

Does he think that relative life expectancies would remain the same in a world where this sort of genetic selection were available for children of the very-rich? (philosophyetc.net)

Although not explicit, his observation that in Khoisan women "the posterior part of the body projects in a most wonderful manner" (known as steatopygia ) [17] implies sexual selection for this characteristic. (wikipedia.org)

This gene provides instructions for making a protein called killin. (medlineplus.gov)
Like the protein produced from the PTEN gene, killin probably acts as a tumor suppressor. (medlineplus.gov)

If group selection is correct, it follows that humans and other group-living creatures are fundamentally not selfish but cooperative and even altruistic-that we human beings owe our existence to distant ancestors who were members of groups that succeeded because they were better able to cooperate than other groups. (prospect.org)
Charles Darwin conjectured that the male beard, as well as the hairlessness of humans compared to nearly all other mammals, were results of sexual selection. (wikipedia.org)
Artificial selection is the selective breeding of animals or plants by humans to modify an organism. (visionlearning.com)
Zhang's team found that 233 chimp genes, compared with only 154 human ones, have been changed by selection since chimps and humans split from their common ancestor about 6 million years ago. (antievolution.org)
The selection favoring light pigmentation also began after humans began switching to agriculture, and their diet started to contain less vitamin D-rich game and fish. (jstor.org)

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Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science6

Named Groups5

Health Care9

Geographicals1

Allele12

Alleles5

Mutations17

Populations10

Mutation11

Polymorphisms7

Random fluctuations3

Changes in gene1

Polymorphic2

Environmental exposures3

Resistance genes1

Chromosomes4

Genotypes3

Several genes1

Natural41

Evolution13

Phenotypes2

Traits7

Ovarian cancer1

Inheritance2

Speciation1

Behavioral2

Population10

Occurs3

Macroevolution1

Variants2

Change2

Genome4

Migration1

Improves1

Trait2

Tissues and cells1

Sequence2

Resistant1

Increases1

Tumors1

Mutant gene2

Specific gene1

Species1

Sequences1

High4

Proteins3

Expression1

Lactose2

Cancer2

Prevalence1

Genetic selection1

Explicit1

Protein2

Humans5