• In the 19th century, laws regulating drugs were more relaxed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Animal experimentation continued with Galen in the first century CE but modern animal use in research and testing dates to Claude Bernard in 19th century France[ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scan from The Mismeasure of Man , but originally from a mid-19th century work. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Observations during the second half of the 19th century described cardiac enlargement seen at autopsy and heart failure symptoms in persons who had consumed excessive amounts of alcohol. (medscape.com)
  • In its modern form it emerged in the 19th century, but has predecessors back to Antiquity. (lu.se)
  • But this portal was set aside as a 17th to 20th mechanical science (a necessary spiral turn) went on to reduce cosmos and matter to benthic particles and theories, sans nay identity or purpose. (naturalgenesis.net)
  • A general strategy for animal-free test approaches was outlined by the US National Research Council's vision document for Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century in 2007. (bepress.com)
  • This research included carrying out a survey amongst stem cell researchers in Germany and German stem cell researchers abroad concerning their perception of the status of German stem cell research and their working conditions. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • There is good evidence that only a few animal researchers are aware of the many ways in which their experiments can be biased (Reichlin et al 2016) and that only a few researchers take steps to minimise the possibility of these biases (Kilkenny et al 2009). (safermedicines.org)
  • Usually, researchers base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that cannot be otherwise explained by the current, unanimously recognized scientific theory (King, 2017). (assignology.com)
  • In the first century BCE, researchers dissected the optic nerve in living animals, vivisected a pig while it was swallowing colored water in order to evaluate the action, and observed intact beating hearts[ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Through the Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research, Johnson & Johnson honors the inspirational legacy of Dr. Paul and applauds today's researchers whose discoveries have the potential to transform the future of human health. (prnewswire.com)
  • Known to his colleagues as "Dr. Paul," Janssen was one of the 20th century's most gifted and passionate researchers, a physician-scientist who helped save millions of lives through his contribution to the discovery and development of more than 80 medicines, four of which remain on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines. (prnewswire.com)
  • S, ing about the core issues and problems that resear, authors believe that this study can direct researchers in selecting, their research focus because the results in this study show actual. (cintadesign.com)
  • Researchers achieve HD video streaming at 10,000 times lower power Engineers have developed a new HD video streaming method that doesn't need to be plugged in. (bionyt.dk)
  • As society faces increasingly complex problems, providing sustainable solutions requires integrative partnerships and approaches that build convergence of many disciplines with research and support for stakeholders at all levels," says Lisa Kunza, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences and the director of the new center at Mines. (sdsmt.edu)
  • On closer examination of what the BRAIN Initiative really involves and what its goals are, I believe that of all the medical disciplines and all the scientific disciplines, psychiatry will benefit most from this innovative initiative. (medscape.com)
  • Today the discipline is characterized by a varied range of methods and theories, and contacts with other disciplines inside and outside the humanities. (lu.se)
  • Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. (wikipedia.org)
  • Animal models especially invertebrates (e.g., fruit flies, nematodes, and earthworms are inexpensive, require less ethical concerns, and are therefore noncontroversial) are crucial to understanding mechanisms that underlie biological processes. (hindawi.com)
  • Every animal group and system is being scrutinized revealing levels of biological organization from developmental/functional molecules to organs to systems to organisms. (hindawi.com)
  • Instead, the whole earthworm or some of its products has been analyzed in credible experimental research related to biological function in mammals that still require further refinement. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we integrate psychophysics, clinical research, and biological approaches, aiming to gain a coherent understanding of how we might ultimately improve outcomes in patients. (aro.org)
  • Modern biomedical instrumentation takes advantage of this wide range of interactions between photons and biological materials and provides a remarkably broad set of tools for the physician and life scientist. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Index and abstracts of peer-reviewed journals in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences from leading scientific societies, institutions, museums, and presses. (vcu.edu)
  • provides abstracts of literature in biological and biomedical areas. (vcu.edu)
  • His research involves both field data collection and geochemical/isotope laboratory analyses. (udayton.edu)
  • The systematic review method involves taking all the relevant studies in a field of interest and synthesising their findings in order to produce a definitive answer. (safermedicines.org)
  • Research that involves the application of the natural sciences, especially biology and physiology, to medicine. (lookformedical.com)
  • A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)
  • In 2022, a law was passed in the United States that eliminated the FDA requirement that all drugs be tested on animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Scientists who issue this type of news release are able to hold out the promise of animal research without actually having to deliver anything at the time. (safermedicines.org)
  • For instance, in the 20th century, Japanese doctors and scientists ran a series of human experiments in which participants were exposed to viruses, frost, and open fire (Frazer & Kornhauser, 2014). (assignology.com)
  • The Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research honors Dr. Paul Janssen (1926-2003), who is widely recognized as one of the most productive scientists of the 20th century. (prnewswire.com)
  • Established by Johnson & Johnson, The Dr. Paul Janssen Award salutes the most passionate and creative scientists in basic or clinical research whose scientific achievements have made, or have strong potential to make, a measurable impact on human health. (prnewswire.com)
  • Regulatory practice feeds into the organisation of research, for instance, infrastructures for bone marrow transplantation are used to articulate the novel use of stem cells in heart repair as regulated practice. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • In the German case, this is set within more crystallised structures of regulated research practice. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Random assignment is a recommended practice that allows for the distribution of human or animal subjects between control and experimental groups. (assignology.com)
  • The American Psychological Association's (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct applies to psychology practice and research. (assignology.com)
  • Throughout the 20th century the 'professional students of education' have militated for child-centered discovery learning, and against systematic practice and teacher-directed instruction. (independent.org)
  • 2008,' Comparison of download the writers of many SNP classics in reminder technological value-based history', Data Mining and Analytics 2008: journals of the Seventh Australasian Data Mining Conference( AusDM 2008), Conferences in Research and Practice in IT( CRPIT), Vol. 87, Australian Data Mining Conference, Australian Computer Society, Adelaide, Australia, Coverage Data TB and expression order consider treated written to children in clonal images covering extensive licenses. (lightseed.com)
  • To take responsibility for the health of the population, territorial teams must broaden the curative-preventive practice of the traditional biomedical model, seeking to promote quality of life. (bvsalud.org)
  • Currently, although the Ministry of Health in Argentina encourages research and awareness campaigns for the recognition of ancestral knowledge and traditional and complementary medicine, in practice, it achieves limited objectives. (bvsalud.org)
  • With the release of the landmark report Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, in 2007, precipitated a major change in the way toxicity testing is conducted. (bepress.com)
  • A 2007 report by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century, proposed a strategy that is likely to replace all routine animal use in toxicology with innovative methods within one to two decades. (bepress.com)
  • This central chapter will portray the genomic basis of a 21st century animate revolution by sorting into 2000, 2010, and 2020 phases. (naturalgenesis.net)
  • 1998. Harnessing Light: Optical Science and Engineering for the 21st Century . (nationalacademies.org)
  • So, with the Brazilian health reform movement during the 1980s, the formulation of the national health system, the Sistema Unico de Saúde (SUS), in the Constitution of 1988 and its deployment in the last two decades, the health system in Brazil has reached the 21st century organised around a model of health promotion 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The terms animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, in vivo testing, and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations. (wikipedia.org)
  • The question of how animal studies should be designed, conducted, and analyzed remains underexposed in societal debates on animal experimentation. (bepress.com)
  • However, in other fields as well, traditional animal experimentation does not always satisfy requirements in safety testing, as the need for human-relevant information is ever increasing. (bepress.com)
  • We conclude that the requirements for animal testing found in the Nuremberg Code were based on scientifically outdated principles, compromised by people with a vested interest in animal experimentation, serve no useful function, increase the cost of drug development, and prevent otherwise safe and efficacious drugs and therapies from being implemented. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (1843-1910), German physician and microbiologist, founder of modern bacteriology, identified the specific causative agents of TB, cholera, and anthrax and gave experimental support for the concept of infectious disease basing such discoveries on animal and human experimentation (Figure 1). (embs.org)
  • By utilizing combined approaches, hybrid methods, and domain expertise/knowledgebase, to investigate uncharted scientific territories, neuroergonomics is posed to contribute to each of these fields. (frontiersin.org)
  • Approaches to research depend on epistemologies , which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, we contend that wild mice present an untapped opportunity for developing new mouse models of human disease and advancing new biomedical discoveries. (jax.org)
  • Toxicology testing became important in the 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
  • The failure to remedy these deficiencies in school subject matter and teaching methods neglects students chances to gain invaluable knowledge. (independent.org)
  • In a formal sense, it is a systematic study of a problem attacked by a deliberately chosen strategy which starts with choosing an approach to preparing a blueprint (design) and acting upon it in terms of designing research hypotheses, choosing methods and techniques, selecting or developing data collection tools, processing the data, interpretation and ends with presenting solution/s of the problem. (wikipedia.org)
  • Historical and logical analysis of various types of scientific hypotheses and the data that support or undermine them. (ubc.ca)
  • A full-text collection of highly cited primary research journals in the biomedical, physical and life sciences. (wits.ac.za)
  • An index of articles from international and South African architectural journals to enable users to access information on architects, buildings, building materials and methods, design theory, urban design and more. (wits.ac.za)
  • Editor's Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. (mdpi.com)
  • Indexing, abstracts, and select full-text coverage from essential biology and agricultural research journals. (vcu.edu)
  • However, the events of the final two decades of the 20th century are more easily understood in an historical context. (independent.org)
  • Galen, a 2nd-century Roman physician, performed post-mortem dissections of pigs and goats. (wikipedia.org)
  • The classical laboratory inbred mouse strains derive from a small, ancestral population of wild mice that were selectively bred for traits of interest by mouse fanciers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. (jax.org)
  • Using ethnographic methods, this project analysed the ways in which practices of public governance influences the conduct of stem cell research in both everyday laboratory activity and the configuration of stem cell research as a scientific field. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Weibing Xing, (second from left) and his research team (from left to right: Gulam Smdani, Weibing Xing, Haiden Studer, Wahid Hasan, Amir Razzaq, Chris Poches and Salman Khan Mithil) in a next-generation battery research laboratory at South Dakota Mines. (sdsmt.edu)
  • Experimental research is the only option when there is a need to determine time priority and consistency in a causal relationship as well as the magnitude of a correlation (King, 2017). (assignology.com)
  • In sociological and psychological research, the need for putting forward operational definitions is fundamental (King, 2017). (assignology.com)
  • By recognizing their numerous ecological, environmental, and biomedical roles, substantiated by inexpensive and more comprehensive investigations, we will become more aware of their undiscovered beneficial properties. (hindawi.com)
  • My research aims to understand the causes and consequences of variation in the mechanisms that govern DNA inheritance: chromosome segregation, recombination, and de novo mutation. (jax.org)
  • This research paper aims at suggesting few interactions to provide better work environment at Public Sector Organisations, which is the outcome of the in depth analysis of the work environment. (cintadesign.com)
  • The Division aims to let its research influence its courses and teaching. (lu.se)
  • The Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin conducts research into how new categories of thinking, of proving and experiencing have developed during the centuries-long interaction between the sciences and the cultures in which they are embedded. (mpg.de)
  • The Division for Art History and Visual Studies at Lund University conducts research about older, modern and contemporary art, from historical, social and aesthetic angles of approach. (lu.se)
  • It envisions increased efficiency in toxicity testing and decreased animal usage by transitioning from current expensive and lengthy in vivo testing with qualitative endpoints to in vitro toxicity pathway assays on human cells or cell lines using robotic high-throughput screening with mechanistic quantitative parameters. (bepress.com)
  • We explore the use of animals for models in toxicity testing as an example of the problem with using animal models. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The regulatory requirements for the safety assessment of herbal medicines include reference to safety data in documented scientific research on similar products and toxicity studies. (bvsalud.org)
  • In 2016, the UK government's chief scientific advisor suggested that the time had come to evaluate the human benefits of animal research. (safermedicines.org)
  • In this paper, an article by Arroyo and Brunner (2016) will be used to illustrate the elements of experimental research. (assignology.com)
  • It was estimated in 2010 that the annual use of vertebrate animals-from zebrafish to non-human primates-ranges from tens to over 100 million. (wikipedia.org)
  • Avenzoar, a 12th-century Arabic physician in Moorish Spain introduced an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • Different regimes of governing research on human embryos have been established since 1990. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • The understanding that knowledge of human brain functioning is essential and critical for advancing the study and human-systems at work and in everyday life led to the emergence of neuroergonomics as a separate scientific discipline. (frontiersin.org)
  • The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research ) are documentation , discovery , interpretation , and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. (wikipedia.org)
  • Surely there is evidence that animal research is useful for human medicine? (safermedicines.org)
  • There have been very few reliable, systematic evaluations of the human relevance of animal research (Pound et al 2004). (safermedicines.org)
  • However, relatively few systematic reviews of animal studies have been conducted and it is rare for them to explore issues relating to human relevance. (safermedicines.org)
  • An exception is provided by Perel and colleagues (2007), who conducted systematic reviews of animal studies for six different conditions and compared them with systematic reviews of human studies for the same six conditions. (safermedicines.org)
  • They found that the animal and human studies agreed in three cases and disagreed in three cases. (safermedicines.org)
  • They concluded that the lack of agreement may have been due to either the inability of animal models to accurately mimic human diseases, or to the poor quality of the animal studies. (safermedicines.org)
  • Another systematic review found that only a third of animal study findings agreed with the findings of the corresponding human randomised trials (Hackam and Redelmeier 2006). (safermedicines.org)
  • All but one of the experimental treatments that improved motor neurone disease in animals failed in human trials, and the benefits of the one successful treatment, in terms of extended survival, are considered negligible (Perrin 2014). (safermedicines.org)
  • Cosmopolitical Futures, The Anthropocenic Human series reflects my long time interest and research in foundational studies in theories of quantum physics and the nature of nature and the properties of living matter. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • Engendering public engagement with biotechnological, stem cell and regenerative medicine research, my work engages with the impact of these life sciences on human identity, culture and society. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • The site-specific research was produced in association with Professor Richard OC Oreffo and the Bone and Joint Research Group at the Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • We further analyze the predictive value of animal models when used as test subjects for human response to drugs and disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The notion that testing chemicals on animals could be predictive of human responses and therefore should be legally mandated dates back to the 1930s, when the sulfa drugs were being introduced for infections. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their preferred labels include scientific racism (pre-2000), [note 1] race realism or racial realism (post-2000), [note 2] and human biodiversity or HBD (post-2010). (rationalwiki.org)
  • This prestigious award recognizes individuals whose scientific research has made, or has the potential to make, significant contributions toward the improvement of human health. (prnewswire.com)
  • This is President Obama's human B RAI N Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies). (medscape.com)
  • Over many years, several theories have arisen based on clinical and scientific data obtained in human and animal studies, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, derangements of fatty acid metabolism/transport, and accelerated protein catabolism. (medscape.com)
  • With the broad goal of elevating the profile of wild mice in biomedical research, my group is pursuing population genomic investigations in wild mice to understand the natural evolutionary forces that shape variation in wild mouse populations. (jax.org)
  • In 2013 it was reported that mammals (mice and rats), fish, amphibians, and reptiles together accounted for over 85% of research animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability of humans to change the genetics of animals took an enormous step forward in 1974 when Rudolf Jaenisch could produce the first transgenic mammal, by integrating DNA from simians into the genome of mice. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1969, Nobel Prize-winning scientist Peter Medawar predicted that scientific innovation would someday fully replace the use of animals in biomedical research. (bepress.com)
  • Medawar correctly forecast the leveling off and subsequent decline in animal use in the last quarter of the 20th century - a period of remarkable innovation in the life sciences. (bepress.com)
  • Has been publishing research related to sustainability for the past decade, ranging from topics of fossil fuel availability and how this impacts climate change scenarios, to building energy efficiency scenarios and the integration of fluctuating renewable energy resources into existing power systems. (udayton.edu)
  • Interests in sustainability stem from her research in social and cognitive psychology. (udayton.edu)
  • Moreover, the Journal of Environmental Science and Technology has emerged as the journal with the highest sustainability research published over the years. (cintadesign.com)
  • Bias can be minimized by insistence by editors on high-quality research , thorough literature reviews, acknowledgement of conflicts of interest, modification of peer review practices, etc. (lookformedical.com)
  • In this article, we focus on one particular method to address this moral question, namely systematic reviews of previously performed animal experiments. (bepress.com)
  • In the 1950s, evidence began to emerge that supported the idea of a direct toxic myocardial effect of alcohol, and research during the last 35 years has been particularly productive in characterizing the disease entity of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (AC). (medscape.com)
  • To this end, comparative studies, which transcend eras and regions, investigate the historical circumstances under which scientific culture and science emerged as one culture. (mpg.de)
  • Wilko Graf von Hardenberg, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, studies the ways in which our relationship to iconic mammals has changed over the centuries. (mpg.de)
  • Our research has received £258,000 from the Economic and Social Research Council as part of its Social Science Stem Cell Initiative. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • It investigated how the infrastructure of stem cell science, its research questions, its objects and routines are shaped by national and international legal regulation, ethical discourses, science policies and professional backgrounds. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • How do practices of public governance influence research questions and practices in stem cell science? (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Does 'stem cell science' represent a homogeneous field of scientific inquiry or is it an expression of a particular science policy agenda? (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Most recently an overview of the status of UK stem cell science as part of a comparative research report on 'Stem Cells and Embryo Protection' for the Austrian government. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • In his famous 1959 lecture "The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution," C.P. Snow commented on the disdain for science among educated Britons and called for a greater integration of science into intellectual life. (chronicle.com)
  • I am an Assistant Professor of Biomedical Data Science and, by courtesy, of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. (stanford.edu)
  • My research engages with contemporary debates in biotechnology and stem cell research and I have developed numerous works through art and science collaboration that contribute to public critical understanding and discussion of these domains. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • The research residency enabled close observation and artistic reflection on the science of osteo-specific differentiation, function and signaling pathways in stem cell populations. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • We review the history of these requirements and contrast what was known via science about animal models then with what is known now. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Innovative science and technology have the power to transform the world," said Paul Stoffels , M.D., Chief Scientific Officer and Worldwide Chairman, Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson. (prnewswire.com)
  • Here is a new initiative focusing on basic science and technology that will suck up existing resources that, in turn, will not be available for the translational or applied research that can produce results that will benefit me and my patients in the very near future. (medscape.com)
  • A researcher is a person engaged in conducting research, possibly recognized as an occupation by a formal job title . (wikipedia.org)
  • Strictly speaking, this research method makes use of a true experiment where a researcher manipulates one variable while the others are controlled or randomized. (assignology.com)
  • These facilitate embryonic stem cell research in the UK and largely restrict it in Germany. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Consequently, the UK has invested substantially in embryonic stem cell research while Germany has strongly supported research using adult stem cells. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Exploring the different ways people might come to experience regenerative medicine, the work also reflects on how visual arts led research can improve public understanding of stem cell research. (kathleenrogers.co.uk)
  • Neuroergonomics, as a field of research, has emerged at the very end of the 20th century with the aim to "study the brain at work and in everyday life. (frontiersin.org)
  • METHODS: The study was conducted at the hypnotherapy outpatient clinics of Atatürk University Acupuncture and Complementary Medicine Application and Research Centre. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)
  • Authors' withdrawal or disavowal of their participation in performing research or writing the results of their study. (lookformedical.com)
  • Eyes of adolescents could reveal risk of cardiovascular disease, study finds New research has found that poorer well-being or 'health-related quality of life' (HRQoL) in adolescence could be an indicator of future cardiovascular disease risk. (bionyt.dk)
  • Anyone can be an innovator, research finds Innovators aren't born, but they can be made, a recent study suggests. (bionyt.dk)
  • Due in part to the insurance policies and actions developed via public health, the 20th century registered a decrease within the mortality charges for infants and children and a continuing improve in life expectancy in most components of the world. (suresec.org)
  • Learn from Washington Insiders about how public policy impacts Biomedical engineering! (aimbe.org)
  • The confirmation of our convergence findings on application problems brings this research to a close. (kiit.ac.in)
  • Intentional falsification of scientific data by presentation of fraudulent or incomplete or uncorroborated findings as scientific fact. (lookformedical.com)
  • Literally, "vivisection" means "live sectioning" of an animal, and historically referred only to experiments that involved the dissection of live animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aristotle and Erasistratus were among the first to perform experiments on living animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • After all, if animal experiments are not appropriately designed, conducted, and analyzed, the results produced are unlikely to be reliable and the animals have in effect been wasted. (bepress.com)
  • To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. (wikipedia.org)
  • Greater investment inflows and a surge of activity, especially in the field of drug and biomarker discovery, is fuelling the growth of global lipid analysis - lipidomics - making it a standard research tool in academic, pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • In addition, there is the possibility of individual doctoral research. (mpg.de)
  • The use of statistical methods in the analysis of a body of literature to reveal the historical development of subject fields and patterns of authorship , publication, and use. (lookformedical.com)
  • Basic problems and methods of Philosophy. (ubc.ca)
  • This increase in the monetary award reflects the growing importance of basic biomedical research, and continued recognition by Johnson & Johnson of excellence in the field. (prnewswire.com)
  • In this download research progress in, you will fall these achievements to learn four pure books: portrait: As you can be from the able top Millennium Thus, the poem of English is sent always. (mooreamusicpele.com)
  • Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to the industry. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fat Talk' Experimental Research by Arroyo et al. (assignology.com)
  • Typically, the end goal of experimental research is to identify what effect one or more variables have on a dependent variable. (assignology.com)
  • One of the prerequisites of robust experimental research is the presence of experimental and control groups. (assignology.com)
  • Earthworms as inexpensive, noncontroversial animal models (without ethical concerns) are not vectors of disease do not harbor parasites that threaten humans nor are they annoying pests. (hindawi.com)
  • But animal research must lead to cures for humans? (safermedicines.org)
  • In the field of spinal cord injury, none of the 22 drugs that worked in animals turned out to work in humans (Geerts 2009). (safermedicines.org)
  • Every approach to treating sepsis that was successful in animals has failed in humans (Leist and Hartung 2013). (safermedicines.org)
  • They found that of 101 research papers that clearly stated a promising finding, some twenty year later only one had led to a treatment that was subsequently used extensively in humans (Contopoulos-Ioannidis et al 2003). (safermedicines.org)
  • We develop new technologies that make ML more accountable to humans, more reliable/robust and reveals core scientific insights. (stanford.edu)
  • The requirement that animals be used in research and testing in order to protect humans was formalized in the Nuremberg Code and subsequent national and international laws, codes, and declarations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using animals to learn more about life in general and humans in particular dates back to ancient times. (biomedcentral.com)
  • never happens in humans, nor in other animals, for a very simple reason: if nothing else, space exerts a passive restraint on who mates with whom" [8] (for example imagine a man and a woman living 1000 miles apart), but there are also equally important cultural barriers that prevent random mating. (rationalwiki.org)
  • We are also actively involved in the development of new strain and genomic resources derived from wild-caught animals. (jax.org)
  • The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some questions of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • This genetic research progressed rapidly and, in 1996, Dolly the sheep was born, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Learn more about NIH's efforts to finish structural racism in biomedical analysis via the UNITE initiative. (suresec.org)
  • In addition, this initiative should be very beneficial for psychiatry and studies of mental illness because the brain functions we are concerned with are the most highly evolved functions in the animal kingdom. (medscape.com)
  • Because lipids are present in all living organisms, other areas of applications such as plant, microbial and nutritional research could also benefit from improvements in lipid analysis and a better understanding of lipid metabolism. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • On the moral side, his research in virtue ethics deals, in part, with a kind of cultural moral myopia that prevents us from seeing and attending to the urgency of climate change and its fallout. (udayton.edu)
  • An influential idea in animal ethics is that moral favouritism towards members of one's own species is a prejudice. (mdpi.com)
  • My PhD work combined phylogenetic, cytogenetic, and quantitative methods to address the genetic and evolutionary causes of species differences in recombination rate. (jax.org)
  • In 2014, the Award was presented to Drs. Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna , whose collaboration led to the discovery of a new method for precisely manipulating genetic information in ways that should produce new insights in health and disease, and may lead to the discovery of new targets for drug development. (prnewswire.com)
  • We do so by disseminating, supporting, and conducting research, providing professional level education, advocating increased level of practitioner competency, and supporting the viability and success of clinical practitioners. (hypnosisresearchinstitute.org)
  • Gradually fostering an approach to potential beneficial healing properties, there are renewed efforts through bioprospecting and evidence-based research to understand by means of rigorous investigations the mechanisms of action whether earthworms are used as food and/or as sources of potential medicinal products. (hindawi.com)
  • My group is leveraging state-of-the-art sequencing technologies and bioinformatic methods to catalog variation across the PAR and centromeres. (jax.org)
  • Please contact the directors or research group leaders at the Institute. (mpg.de)
  • Covers scientific advancements not only in chemistry but also in agriculture, engineering, environmental sciences, medicine and physics. (wits.ac.za)
  • Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (NCEH/ATSDR) convened a meeting of the Board of Scientific Counselors (BSC) on May 19-20, 2005 in Atlanta, Georgia. (cdc.gov)
  • The classiï¬ ca-, As indicated in Table II, water research shows the highest, count with 62.7 followed by, pollution control and prevention at, The cumulative counts of each research focus as per Table II are, then plotted into a curve in Figure 2 to comparatively indicate, tion control and prevention. (cintadesign.com)
  • 2. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master's writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. (cintadesign.com)
  • Animals have repeatedly been used throughout the history of biomedical research. (wikipedia.org)
  • "A Brief History of American K-12 Mathematics Education in the 20th Century," by David Klein. (independent.org)
  • In Lund, as internationally, the growing link between Art History and Visual Studies has made the research less disciplinary isolated, while the awareness of the disciplinary identity has been strengthened. (lu.se)
  • Many of the proponents of animal research cite single, selected studies as evidence that animal research 'works' in a particular area, but single studies - which may be flawed or biased - do not constitute sufficient, high quality evidence. (safermedicines.org)
  • I received my Ph.D from Harvard in 2014, and was at one time a member of Microsoft Research, a Gates Scholar at Cambridge and a Simons fellow at U.C. Berkeley. (stanford.edu)