Role membrane lipids. Medical search. Frequent questions

Membrane lipids are a group of compounds (structurally similar to fats and oils) which form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
By forming a double layer with the polar ends pointing outwards and the nonpolar ends pointing inwards membrane lipids can form a 'lipid bilayer' which keeps the watery interior of the cell separate from the watery exterior. (wikipedia.org)
In order to perform physiological functions, membrane proteins are facilitated to rotate and diffuse laterally in two dimensional expanse of lipid bilayer by the presence of a shell of lipids closely attached to protein surface, called annular lipid shell. (wikipedia.org)
The bilayer formed by membrane lipids serves as a containment unit of a living cell. (wikipedia.org)
Non-bilayer forming lipid like monogalactosyl diglyceride (MGDG) predominates the bulk lipids in thylakoid membranes, which when hydrated alone, forms reverse hexagonal cylindrical phase. (wikipedia.org)
The Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a unique bilayer that forms an efficient permeation barrier to protect the cell from noxious compounds 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
The lipid bilayer of cell membranes is impermeable to large and polar molecules but permeable to water molecules and other small uncharged molecules like O 2 and CO 2 . (wikibooks.org)
The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
In doing so, our goal was to build lipid-bilayer-like membrane-mimetic 2D nanomaterials by using the six Nce groups to mimic polar lipid head groups and the six N 4-Cl pe groups to create aromatic counterparts of nonpolar lipid tails. (nature.com)
English Most integral membrane proteins are cotranslationally inserted into the lipid bilayer. (unifr.ch)
In both kingdoms of life, however, the same membrane that acquaints the newly born membrane protein also synthesizes the bilayer lipids and thus ensures the balanced growth of the membrane as a whole. (unifr.ch)
While understanding this interdependence between bilayer lipids and protein biogenesis is interesting in its own right, careful consideration of a potential host's membrane lipid composition may also allow optimization of the yield and activity of membrane proteins that are expressed in a heterologous organism. (unifr.ch)
Here, we review and discuss some examples that illustrate the interdependence between bilayer lipids and the biogenesis of integral membrane proteins. (unifr.ch)
It is shown that cholesterol segregates preferentially around the receptors in both leaflets of the lipid bilayer, interacting robustly with specific transmembrane sites and creating a network of bridging microdomains. (iucr.org)
The formation ofinvaginations (or tubules) is regulated by the composition of negativecharged lipids in membrane bilayer or electrostatic residues on the BARdomain. (kth.se)
An influenza virus is a collection of eight RNA strands enclosed in a lipid-bilayer membrane. (harvard.edu)
Biological membranes do not only occur as planar bilayer structures, but bilayers have also been shown to, depending on the lipid composition, curve into intriguing 3D structures. (lu.se)
The phospholipid bilayer is the basic structural motif of most biological membranes. (lu.se)
EVs are membrane-bound lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by cells or body liquids, with a strong capacity to deliver essential information between cells. (lu.se)
Solute transport on the sub 100 ms scale across the lipid bilayer membrane of individual proteoliposomes. (lu.se)

In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for IL-1β−induced nitric oxide (NO) release in the isolated β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
The arrangements of lipids and various proteins, acting as receptors and channel pores in the membrane, control the entry and exit of other molecules and ions as part of the cell's metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane lipids also form a matrix in which membrane proteins reside. (wikipedia.org)
To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)
For example, self-assembly of lipid molecules and membrane proteins is crucial in defining cell architecture and enabling cell function 2 . (nature.com)
The lipid composition of the membrane thus can affect the biogenesis and function of integral membrane proteins at multiple steps along its biogenetic pathway. (unifr.ch)
Extraction procedures are optimized to precipitate and remove proteins and nucleic acids while maximizing solubilization of GSLs along with other lipids. (springer.com)
It is known that GSLs interact with both intracellular as well as exogenous proteins and are critical for membrane organisation, signalling, and recognition events. (springer.com)
The binding lifetime of α-Syn varies from ms to seconds or longer,depending on the overall protein concentration and the relation between lipids and proteins in the system. (dissertations.se)
Unlike the lipid-based membranes of eukaryotic cells, bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) have polyhedral shells made of proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
For lipid-based membranes, there are membrane proteins that get molecules across. (sciencedaily.com)
For BMCs, the shell is already made of proteins, so the shell proteins of BMCs not only have a structural role, they are also responsible for selective substrate transfer across the protein membrane. (sciencedaily.com)
He also showed that double-stranded (ds)RNA- and ZDNA binding proteins had a role in poxvirus pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
CoVs are enveloped by a protein membrane that consists of a minimum of three structural proteins, namely, Spike (S), Membrane (M), and Envelope (E). They also contain accessory factors such as Orf3a. (news-medical.net)
This Special Issue, "Plant Cell Wall Proteins and Development", will cover a selection of recent research topics in the field of cell wall biology focused on cell wall proteins and their roles during development. (mdpi.com)
Cell wall proteomics, as well as numerous genetic or biochemical studies, have revealed the high diversity of CWPs, among which proteins acting on polysaccharides, proteases, oxido-reductases, lipid-related proteins and structural proteins. (mdpi.com)
Long-term memory consolidation: The role of RNA-binding proteins with prion-like domains. (ncbs.res.in)
Most of these studies have examined the roles of proteins in autophagic regulation. (alzforum.org)
Like lipids, proteins are an important constituent of the cell membrane. (rincondelvago.com)
Proteins also perform numerous functional roles in the body. (rincondelvago.com)
Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) proteins are peripheralmembrane proteins (PMP) and play an important role in sculpturingmembranes and in the regulation of actin dynamics. (kth.se)
Thisimplies that BIN1 rather bundles actin than decorates single filaments.Third, we explored a strategy to purify an aggregation prone BAR protein.Aggregation is a property common in Peripheral Membrane Proteins. (kth.se)
That notion is probably fundamental to all viral fusion proteins-or for that matter to most cellular membrane fusion events facilitated by proteins. (harvard.edu)
These proteins share their lipid transport domain, thus expanding this family of lipid transporters. (ucl.ac.uk)
For instance, the vertical nanowires can be used to study different proteins that are active in the body's cell membranes. (lu.se)
Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)
The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)

MlaC probably accepts a phospholipid from MlaA and shuttles it to the ABC transporter for ATP-dependent plasma membrane insertion 5 . (nature.com)
In prokaryotes, membrane insertion of the nascent chain takes place at the plasma membrane, whereas in eukaryotes insertion takes place into the endoplasmatic reticulum. (unifr.ch)
The matrix (MA) domain drives Gag onto the plasma membrane through electrostatic interactions at its highly-basic-region (HBR), located near the myristoylated (Myr) N-terminus of the protein. (elifesciences.org)
Gangliosides, complex glycosphingolipids on the plasma membrane containing one or more sialic acid residues, are key components of microdomains. (jneurosci.org)
Gb3 is then transported to the plasma membrane (PM) (green arrows) where Gb3 may interact with sphingomyelin (SM), a major sphingolipid in mammalian cells, and cholesterol (Chol) to form specific lipid raft domains. (eucor-uni.org)
Recent findings have highlighted the dynamic nature of such domains in the plasma membrane and the key role of the underlying cytoskeleton meshwork in stabilizing them. (lu.se)
A transmembrane intracellular lipid transporter that helps trafficking lipids, particularly cholesterol, from late endosome/lysosome to the ER and plasma membrane. (bvsalud.org)
HvPIP1;6, a Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plasma Membrane Water Channel Particularly Expressed in Growing Compared with Non-Growing Leaf Tissues. (lu.se)

Further, a high density of bound α-Syn might deform the membrane and lead to fission of vesicles, depending on the lipid composition of the membrane. (dissertations.se)

Historically lipids were thought to merely serve a structural role. (wikipedia.org)
Having the full structural view of the bacterial organelle membrane can help provide important information in fighting pathogens or bioengineering bacterial organelles for beneficial purposes. (sciencedaily.com)
The study authors said that by using the structural data from this paper, researchers can design experiments to study the mechanisms for how the molecules get across this protein membrane, and to build custom organelles for carbon capture or to produce valuable compounds. (sciencedaily.com)
Fats and lipids also have important structural roles in maintaining nerve impulse transmission, memory storage, and tissue structure. (ucdavis.edu)
Lipids-chiefly fats, phospholipids, and steroids-are major structural components of the human body. (rincondelvago.com)
Small amounts of carbohydrates also occur in cell membranes, but, in contrast to plants and many invertebrate animals, humans have little structural carbohydrate in their bodies. (rincondelvago.com)
We've produced a detailed snapshot - at atomic-level resolution - of the membrane of bacterial organelles," said Cheryl Kerfeld, the Hannah Distinguished Professor of Structural Bioengineering in the MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab and co-lead author. (nanowerk.com)

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a subclass of glycolipids that are found in cell membranes of various organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. (springer.com)
For the past three years, she's studied the connection between plasmalogens, a type of lipid found in cell membranes, and Alzheimer's. (wpi.edu)
While Olsen doesn't think age-related changes in the production of phospholipids or the resulting degradation of the cell membranes lead to cancer, she did note that certain lipids found in cell membranes can impact cancer treatment options, such as drug delivery methods. (wpi.edu)

α-Syn is commonly known to associate with lipid membranes containing anionic lipids. (dissertations.se)

The research in Fedorova's group is focused on development and implementation of lipidomics and bioinformatics solutions to address complexity and plasticity of lipid metabolism in variety of biological systems. (tu-dresden.de)
By using modern, state-of-the-art high resolution mass spectrometry in combination with a wide range of separation methods we explore the complexity and dynamics of natural lipidomes to integrate these data for a holistic understanding of lipid metabolism. (tu-dresden.de)
At T2, the genes linked to the metabolism of ceramides and hopanoids lipids were clearly dominant, which are associated with the resistance of microbial species to extreme temperatures and pH values. (frontiersin.org)
Although body fat endures a negative reputation, fats and lipids play critical roles in the overall functioning of the body, such as in digestion and energy metabolism. (ucdavis.edu)
The activity of purified FAM92A1-NT* was verified bynegative stain EM.IIFourth, we were interested in the regulation of the lipid metabolism. (kth.se)
Xu's research group focuses on understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling lipid metabolism, trafficking and storage in plants. (bnl.gov)
and 3) understanding whether and how altered lipid metabolism affects carbon allocation, biomass production, stress responses and many other aspects of biology. (bnl.gov)
Fan J, Yu L, Xu C (2019) Dual Role for Autophagy in Lipid Metabolism in Arabidopsis. (bnl.gov)
Two decades later, Sjögren-Larsson syndrome was shown to be an inborn error of lipid metabolism caused by deficient activity of fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase. (medscape.com)

However, in combination with other lipids and carotenoids/chlorophylls of thylakoid membranes, they too conform together as lipid bilayers. (wikipedia.org)
liposomal structures formed by total lipid extract of thylakoid membranes have been found sensitive to sucrose as it turns bilayers into micellar structures. (wikipedia.org)
The results show that the protein binds cooperatively to both vesicles and supported lipid bilayers in conditions with an excess of lipid membrane. (dissertations.se)
By studying model lipid systems using a range of methods such as sorption calorimetry, sorption balance, X-ray diffraction/scattering and NMR we aim to unravel how the presence of different polar molecules and dehydrins interacts with phospholipid bilayers. (lu.se)

To understand the role of fats (lipids) in health, ageing and disease. (edu.au)
Early research on the role of antioxidants in biology focused on their use in preventing the oxidation of unsaturated fats , which is the cause of rancidity . (wikipedia.org)
The ATP8B1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps to control the distribution of certain fats, called lipids, in the membranes of liver cells. (medlineplus.gov)

As reported earlier, the helical arrangement of the protein component of the vesicles facilitates image averaging and enables us to determine how cholesterol and phospho-lipid molecules are distributed in the surrounding matrix, using headgroup size as a means to discriminate between the two kinds of lipid. (iucr.org)
Indeed, a number of signaling functions of (phospho)lipid molecules has been discovered. (cdc.gov)

The results highlight the capacity of lipids to regulate the conformation of membrane receptors through specific interactions. (helsinki.fi)

Cell membranes need to change their shapes during many cellular processeslike protein trafficking, cytokinesis and membrane homeostasis. (kth.se)
The Role of Diglycosyl Lipids in Photosynthesis and Membrane Lipid Homeostasis in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
Rewiring of cellular membrane homeostasis by picornaviruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
It may also play a role in other cellular cholesterol homeostasis and is an endosomal entry receptor for filoviruses including EBOLAVIRUS. (bvsalud.org)

He then moved to the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Michigan State University where he worked with Christoph Benning as a postdoc on the biochemistry and molecular genetics of plant lipids and the molecular mechanisms of intracellular lipid transport. (bnl.gov)

Functional roles of lipids are in fact many: They serve as regulatory agents in cell growth and adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
Cholesterol also occurs naturally in other eukaryote cell membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Cell membranes require high levels of cholesterol - typically an average of 20% cholesterol in the whole membrane, increasing locally in raft areas up to 50% cholesterol (- % is molecular ratio). (wikipedia.org)
There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
Diffusion is the process by which molecules migrate over the cell membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. (wikibooks.org)
Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)
In particular, the group is studying the role of modified lipids in ferroptosis, a newly described type of cell death implicated in degenerative diseases and cancer. (tu-dresden.de)
A professor at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is exploring aging on the molecular level, examining how the lipids found in our bodies, particularly those in our cell membranes, change as we age, and how those changes may affect our propensity for age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. (wpi.edu)
Olsen, the Leonard P. Kinnicutt Assistant Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, says the key to healthy aging could lie with the maintenance of membranes over time, affecting the health of cell membranes. (wpi.edu)
Phospholipids are a particular type of lipid that make up much of the structure of cell membranes. (wpi.edu)
Young, healthy animals have a specific combination of phospholipids in their cell membranes, which are continually replenished. (wpi.edu)
Olsen wants to know why these changes occur, and how they are connected to the degradation that occurs in the cell membranes. (wpi.edu)
In addition, since cancer itself can cause changes in cell membranes, doctors might be able to stop its spread if they could prevent those membrane changes by adding certain lipids into a patient's drug regime. (wpi.edu)
Here, we have used two-color multiparameter flow cytometry to study simultaneously its effects on cell membrane permeability, intracellular pH, and cell size/structure of EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells and HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro . (aacrjournals.org)
However, PAF was more potent than SRI 62-834 in causing membrane permeabilization with both cell lines, whereas PAF was less active than SRI 62-834 in cytotoxicity assays. (aacrjournals.org)
Lipids are the major component of cell membranes. (ucdavis.edu)
Processing of amyloid precursor protein was altered in both of these lipid-rich cell models, leading to high levels of C-terminal APP fragments (APP-CTFs) produced by β- and α-secretase cleavage. (alzforum.org)
Phospholipids and the steroid compound cholesterol are major components of the membrane that surrounds each cell. (rincondelvago.com)
Research at Harvard Medical School is shedding new light on the battle line where viral and cell membranes meet, and the key role of a protein grappling hook with which the influenza virus commandeers its prize-your cells. (harvard.edu)
When the virus encounters a cell-in your lung, for example-that cell may engulf the virus inside an internal membrane called an endosome. (harvard.edu)
Cell type-specific protein and transcription profiles implicate periarbuscular membrane synthesis as an important carbon sink in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. (mpg.de)
Analysis of another candidate, Ypr097w, which we now call Lec1 (Lipid-droplet Ergosterol Cortex 1), revealed that this previously uncharacterized protein dynamically shifts between lipid droplets and the cell cortex, and plays a role in regulation of ergosterol distribution in the cell. (ucl.ac.uk)
Dr. Xu's research group uses a combination of molecular genetic, cell biological, biochemical and physiological approaches to dissect the regulatory network governing lipid metaoblism, homoestasis and storage. (bnl.gov)
This condition can lead to lipid peroxidation in muscle cell membranes, which contributes to the development of insulin resistance [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-bound ephrin ligands control a diverse array of cell-cell interactions in the developing and adult organisms. (rcsb.org)
Phosphoinositides: tiny lipids with giant impact on cell regulation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Among these mesophases, inverse bicontinuous cubic phase Q II membranes have been found to spontaneously occur in stressed or virally infected cells and to play a role in fundamental processes, such as cell fusion and food digestion. (lu.se)
As such, many biological processes occur within or in the proximity of the cell membrane, and therefore, interest in the properties and behavior of lipids in membranes is considerable. (lu.se)
For example, it is found that in nature the lipid distribution across the inner and outer leaflet of cell membranes is. (lu.se)
It is today clear that lipids are involved in many physiological functions that go beyond the traditional view of compartmentalisation of the cell and its organelles. (lu.se)
Artificial cell membranes are formed along vertical nanowires. (lu.se)
All communication between the interior of a cell and its surroundings takes place through the cell membrane. (lu.se)
The membrane is a surface layer that holds the cell together and that largely comprises lipids, built of fatty acids. (lu.se)
Inside the cell there are also various types of membrane, all with their own specific role. (lu.se)
Studies of cell membranes using nanotechnology have up to now mainly involved studying artificial membranes on flat surfaces, but because many membranes in the body have a curved shape, a different type of nano-surface is needed. (lu.se)
The Lund researchers have built an entire forest of upright nanowires on a one millimetre squared surface, on which they have succeeded in forming artificial membranes that are curved in the same way as many natural cell membranes. (lu.se)
Unless given IV, a drug must cross several semipermeable cell membranes before it reaches the systemic circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
Cell membranes are biologic barriers that selectively inhibit passage of drug molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Drugs diffuse across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration (eg, gastrointestinal fluids) to one of low concentration (eg, blood). (msdmanuals.com)
Because the cell membrane is lipoid, lipid-soluble drugs diffuse most rapidly. (msdmanuals.com)
The un-ionized form is usually lipid soluble (lipophilic) and diffuses readily across cell membranes. (msdmanuals.com)
The ionized form has low lipid solubility (but high water solubility-ie, hydrophilic) and high electrical resistance and thus cannot penetrate cell membranes easily. (msdmanuals.com)
Ferroptosis is an iron dependent form of cell death, that is triggered by the discoordination of iron, lipids, and thiols. (cdc.gov)
Its unique signature that distinguishes it from other forms of cell death is the formation and accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides, particularly oxidized forms of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), which drives cell death. (cdc.gov)

Absorption of lipid compounds into the enterocyte for biochemical usage occurs through diffusion across the cellular membrane and also through lipid transporters that are located on the luminal side of the enterocyte. (medscape.com)

The three major classes of membrane lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol. (wikipedia.org)
The heads of phospholipids are phosphorylated and they consist of either: Glycerol (and hence the name phosphoglycerides given to this group of lipids), or Sphingosine (e.g. sphingomyelin and ceramide). (wikipedia.org)
This asymmetry is maintained by the Mla pathway, a six-component system that is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria and is thought to mediate retrograde transport of misplaced phospholipids from the outer leaflet of the OM to the cytoplasmic membrane 4 . (nature.com)
MlaA represents a lipid transport protein that selectively removes outer leaflet phospholipids to help maintain the essential barrier function of the bacterial OM. (nature.com)
A huge diversification of phospholipids, forming the aqueous interfaces of all biomembranes, cannot be accommodated within a simple concept of their role as membrane building blocks. (cdc.gov)

Here we provide the first evidence to suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 and subsequent interaction among members of the Ras signaling pathway within the membrane lipid microdomains represent early signaling mechanisms of IL-1β in β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)

[9] Research into how vitamin E prevents the process of lipid peroxidation led to the identification of antioxidants as reducing agents that prevent oxidative reactions, often by scavenging reactive oxygen species before they can damage cells. (wikipedia.org)
We also evaluated total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats treated with metformin and/or insulin. (hindawi.com)
The induced vitamin E-deficiency (a 90-fold depletion of á-tocopherol in the lung) resulted in a significant decline of other antioxidants as well as in accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. (cdc.gov)

Cholesterol interactions with the receptor are apparently essential for stabilizing and maintaining its physiological architecture, since the transmembrane structure contracts, involving displacements of the helices at the outer membrane surface by ∼2 Å (1-3 Å), when this lipid is extracted. (iucr.org)
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were applied to observe the influence of membrane cholesterol levels on a voltage-gated sodium channel. (aiche.org)
Different lipid compositions to obtain information about the possible effects by which cholesterol influences NavAb channels were studied. (aiche.org)
Cholesterol increased lipid packing implying that it plays a crucial role in restricting lipid movement in the region around 1 nm of the channel in a 1-palmitoyl-2-oeleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) matrix. (aiche.org)
Our results provide the first computational indication of an indirect modulation of NavAb channels by membrane cholesterol. (aiche.org)
The blood glucose level, liver function enzymes, total protein, lipid, and cholesterol levels were significantly normalized by extract treatment. (hindawi.com)
Phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase III beta and oxysterol-binding protein accumulate unesterified cholesterol on poliovirus-induced membrane structure. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Here, cryo-EM is used to examine the protein-lipid architecture of this membrane in tubular vesicles obtained from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray. (iucr.org)
Here, we analyse by cryo-EM the architecture of this membrane in vesicles isolated from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray, with view to defining the protein-lipid interplay required to achieve an optimal neurotransmitter response. (iucr.org)
These vesicles seemed to fuse normally with lysosomes in the lipid-rich cells, but the degradation process stalled. (alzforum.org)

A critical role of a cellular membrane traffic protein in poliovirus RNA replication. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Concentrations as low as 1 µ m up to 100 µ m SRI 62-834 caused a rapid, dose-dependent increase in membrane permeability, initially towards outward efflux of the preloaded fluorescein probe bis(carboxyethyl)carboxyfluorescein (green fluorescence) and then towards influx of extracellular propidium (red fluorescence). (aacrjournals.org)
HL-60 cells were more sensitive to SRI 62-834 than were EMT6 cells in terms of both cytotoxicity and membrane permeability. (aacrjournals.org)
The membranes are composed primarily of a bimolecular lipid matrix, which determines membrane permeability characteristics. (msdmanuals.com)

Both experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results show that peptoids assemble into membranes through an anisotropic formation process. (nature.com)
We present a molecular dynamics simulation study on the binding mechanism of the membrane targeting domain of HIV-1 Gag protein. (elifesciences.org)
What allows things through a membrane is pores," said study lead author Markus Sutter, MSU senior research associate and affiliate scientist at Berkeley Lab's Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging (MBIB) division. (sciencedaily.com)
In particular, we have expensive exprience in Arabidopsis molecular genetics, fluoresecence imaging, ultrastrctural studies using electron microscopy, lipid metabolic analysis using radiolabeled isotopes and physiological studies using chlorophyll fluorometers and photosynthesis systems. (bnl.gov)
The question addressed in the project concerns the molecular mechanism(s) behind the role of the osmolytes and dehydrins in membrane systems under osmotic stress. (lu.se)
Molecular Membrane Biology 2013, 30 (3):246-260. (lu.se)

Triglycerides are lipid compounds composed of a glycerol esterified to 3 fatty acid chains of varying length and composition. (medscape.com)
Understanding how the microcompartment membrane is assembled, as well as how it lets some compounds pass through while impeding others, could contribute to research in enhancing carbon fixation and, more broadly, bioenergy. (sciencedaily.com)
Phenolic compounds are an important class of plant secondary metabolites which play crucial physiological roles throughout the plant life cycle. (mdpi.com)
Bile salts are released in the duodenum in response to cholecystokinin release occurring in the presence of lipid compounds within the ingesta. (medscape.com)

Modulation of lipid synthesis and trafficking pathways by picornaviruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)

and consequently membrane deformation.Second, we clarified BIN1's role in actin dynamics. (kth.se)

The odd one out: Arabidopsis reticulon 20 does not bend ER membranes but has a role in lipid regulation. (metabohub.fr)
The effect of the psoralen derivatives from radix Angelicae dahuricae on retinoid X receptor- α enzymes transcriptional regulation was reported [ 4 ] and this in turn plays key roles in various biological processes including diabetes and obesity. (hindawi.com)
However, there are no data showing how exactly the regulation emerges from specific lipid-protein interactions. (helsinki.fi)

Disruption of lipid rafts (e.g., with cyclodextrin) markedly reduced IL-1β−induced gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO release from β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
IL-1β treatment also increased (within 20 min) the translocation of H-Ras into lipid rafts. (diabetesjournals.org)
A possible role of membrane lipid rafts in relation to Eph transmembrane domain oligomerization and Eph signal transduction was also discussed. (rcsb.org)

Bile salts aid in forming lipid micelles, which create a hydrophilic surface with a hydrophobic core of lipid molecules, including FFA. (medscape.com)
Structure and Stability of the Spinach Aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in Detergent Micelles and Lipid Membranes. (lu.se)

The lattershuttles lipids, synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, to all membranouscompartments. (kth.se)
Fan J, Zhai Z, Yan C, Xu C (2015) Arabidopsis TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL5 Interacts with TGD1, TGD2, and TGD4 to Facilitate Lipid Transfer from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Plastids. (bnl.gov)

Insertion events only occur with one of the membrane models, showing a combination of surface charge and internal membrane structure modulate this process. (elifesciences.org)

Spatial structure of dimeric transmembrane domain of EphA2 receptor embedded into lipid bicelle was obtained by solution NMR, showing a left-handed parallel packing of the transmembrane helices (535-559)(2). (rcsb.org)

Osmosis is very important in biological systems because many membranes are semipermeable. (wikibooks.org)
Another focus of Dr. Fedorova's research is the development and application of mass spectrometry-based methods for the analysis of the epilipidome, which is a subset of the lipidome formed by lipid modifications aiming to increase the regulatory capacity of biological systems. (tu-dresden.de)
In contrast to classical rheological studies, which can only probe bulk cubic phase solutions, our AFM-FS analysis allows probing the response of cubic membranes to deformations occurring at length and force scales similar to those found in biological interactions. (lu.se)
Understanding biological implications of such curved lipid interfaces as well as exploiting their full potential in applications, for e.g. drug delivery and other biomedical applications, poses a challenge that requires the development of novel, well-defined and versatile model system. (lu.se)

Furthermore, its protein-lipid composition, organization and size are subject to modification by physiological events, making it an important mediator of neuronal plasticity. (iucr.org)
S-acylation controls SARS-CoV-2 membrane lipid organization and enhances infectivity. (news-medical.net)

Plant thylakoid membranes maintain high fluidity, even at relatively cold environmental temperatures, due to the abundance of 18-carbon fatty acyl chains with three double bonds, linolenic acid, as has been revealed by 13-C NMR studies. (wikipedia.org)
Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
The results clearly highlight the influence of the different fatty acids of the Gb 3 sphingolipids on the phase behaviour and the binding properties of Shiga toxin B subunits, even though the membranes were only doped with 5 mol% of the receptor lipid. (springer.com)
The results again demonstrate that the fatty acid of Gb 3 plays a pivotal role for the overall membrane organisation. (springer.com)
Fan J, Yu L, Xu C (2017) A Central Role for Triacylglycerol in Membrane Lipid Breakdown, Fatty Acid β-Oxidation, and Plant Survival under Extended Darkness. (bnl.gov)
Li N, Xu C, Li-Beisson Y, Philippar K (2016) Fatty Acid and Lipid Transport in Plant Cells. (bnl.gov)
Among these signaling lipids, a particular group of oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), so called lipid mediators, has been thoroughly investigated over several decades. (cdc.gov)

To test this idea, Walter and colleagues plan to measure the activity level of these enzymes in lipid-fed cells. (alzforum.org)
We will discuss how the lipid self-assembly structure can be change in desired way by adding a particular type of lipolytic enzymes. (lu.se)

Yu L, Fan J, Zhou C, Xu C (2020) Chloroplast lipid biosynthesis is fine-tuned to thylakoid membrane remodeling during light acclimation. (bnl.gov)

In addition, the Mla system was recently shown to regulate outer membrane vesicle formation 16 . (nature.com)
Hence, the protein is hypothesized to be involved in the vesicle trafficking at the synapses, but there are yet many unanswered questions regarding the full physiological role of the protein. (dissertations.se)
The aim of this thesis has been to study interactions between monomeric α-Syn and lipid membranes, to obtain a better understanding of both the physiological and pathological role of α-Syn.This thesis has been focused on studying interactions between monomeric α-Syn and different lipid membranes using single vesicle and single protein imaging techniques, to be able to study individual events that otherwise might disappear in a bulk average. (dissertations.se)

Yu L, Fan J, Zhou C, Xu C (2021) Sterols are required for the coordinated assembly of lipid droplets in developing seeds. (bnl.gov)

The alternative mechanism, where the β2AR conformation would be modulated by membrane-mediated interactions, plays only a minor role. (helsinki.fi)

To obtain information about BIN1's interaction with themembrane in near native environments, we used artificial lipid systems suchas liposomes and lipids nanotubes.First, we have shown that electrostatic interactions are more important forBIN1 when binding to membranes with low curvature. (kth.se)
In fact the important role of curvature of lipid membranes have been increasingly been recognized. (lu.se)
We will discuss how this can be achieved by the supporting surface topology, e.g. vertical nano-wire arrays, or by changing the lipid composition or by introducing components, e.g. responsive particles, which can alter the curvature as a response to the environment. (lu.se)

The role of specific components of the antioxidant protective system, specifically vitamin E, the major lipid-soluble antioxidant of membranes and lipoproteins, in the SWCNT induced reactions required further investigation. (cdc.gov)

2018 ). Here, we will solely focus on the less recognized globosides and in particular the globoside Gb 3 , which is the membrane receptor for vero toxins. (springer.com)
Yu L, Fan J, Yan C, Xu C (2018) Starch Deficiency Enhances Lipid Biosynthesis and Turnover in Leaves. (bnl.gov)

But more importantly, it provides the very first picture of the shell of an intact bacterial organelle membrane. (sciencedaily.com)
By seeing the intact bacterial organelle shell, we now understand how the basic building blocks are put together to construct the organelle membrane. (nanowerk.com)
The structure described is likely to become the textbook model of the membrane of primitive bacterial organelles, Kerfeld said. (nanowerk.com)

[ 4 ] If pancreatitis is likely or potentially threatening and levels of triglycerides are found to be 1000 mg/dL or greater, immediate institution of lipid lowering therapy should begin. (medscape.com)

Lipid metabolic perturbation is an early-onset phenotype in adult spinster mutants: a Drosophila model for lysosomal storage disorders. (ncbs.res.in)
[ 15 ] New insight into the pathogenesis of Sjögren-Larsson syndrome is emerging from knowledge about the metabolic role of this enzyme. (medscape.com)

Three systems are known to maintain OM lipid asymmetry: the OM phospholipase A 2 PldA 7 , the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) palmitoyl transferase PagP 8 and the Mla (maintenance of outer membrane lipid asymmetry) system. (nature.com)

All these features make peptoids highly attractive as synthetic analogues of lipids for self-assembly of membrane-mimetic 2D materials. (nature.com)

Yu L, Zhou C, Fan J, Shanklin J, Xu C (2021) Mechanisms and functions of membrane lipid remodeling in plants. (bnl.gov)

We herein report on the fabrication of thin ( ̴150 nm) supported Q II cubic phase lipid films (SQ II Fs) and on their characterization via multiple techniques including Small Angle X-Ray. (lu.se)
Moreover, we present the first nanomechanical characterization of a cubic phase lipid membrane, through AFM-based Force Spectroscopy (AFM-FS). (lu.se)

Fabry cells lack alpha-Gal A and thus inhibit Gb3 degradation and re-utilization of the lipid components. (eucor-uni.org)

In addition to their occurrences in several double stranded stem regions, most of the loops and bulges that appear in single-stranded RNA secondary structures form recurrent 3D motifs, where non-canonical base pairs play a central role. (wikiversity.org)
Picornaviruses form replication complexes in association with membranes in structures called replication organelles. (microbiologyresearch.org)

We are examining the role of modified lipids specifically in signalling processes, regulating physiological and pathological events at the cellular and organismal levels. (tu-dresden.de)

Significantly, cells with an excess of a different kind of lipid, ceramide, did not amass APP fragments, demonstrating a specific role for sphingolipids. (alzforum.org)

We further demonstrated the use of peptoid membranes as a robust platform to incorporate and pattern functional objects through large side-chain diversity and/or co-crystallization approaches. (nature.com)
Most of these play very important roles in shaping the structure and function of different functional RNA molecules. (wikiversity.org)

Légende (seulement en anglais) : Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) biosynthesis occurs in ER and the Golgi apparatus. (eucor-uni.org)

The cholinergic postsynaptic membrane is an acetyl-choline receptor-rich membrane mediating fast chemical communication at the nerve-muscle synapse. (iucr.org)
Structure of the ACh receptor in Torpedo postsynaptic membrane. (iucr.org)
También es posible que intervenga en otros procesos homeostáticos celulares del colesterol y es un receptor de entrada endosómico para filovirus tales como los VIRUS TIPO ÉBOLA. (bvsalud.org)

For the enteroviruses, replication organelles form at Golgi membranes in a process that utilizes PI4KIIIβ. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Walter suggests two possible routes by which lipids might block the final stage of autophagy. (alzforum.org)

Building on previous work that found people with Alzheimer's have 40 to 60 percent fewer plasmalogens than unaffected people, Olsen hopes to better understand the role plasmalogens play in Alzheimer's and to explore whether they can be optimized with supplementation therapy. (wpi.edu)
Here, we employed transmission electronmicroscopy and other biophysical methods to elucidate how BAR domainproteins steer processes at the membrane.In this work we studied the BAR protein bridging integrator 1 (BIN1), whichhas an established role in cancer, Alzheimer's disease and skeletalmyopathies. (kth.se)

Anatomy41

Organisms12

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science3

Health Care3

Bilayer20

Proteins27

Plasma membrane8

Depending on the lipid composition1

Structural7

Found in cell membranes3

Anionic lipids1

Metabolism9

Bilayers4

Fats3

Phospho-lipid molecules2

Receptors1

Homeostasis4

Intracellular lipid1

Cell44

Transporters1

Phospholipids5

Microdomains1

Peroxidation3

Cholesterol7

Vesicles3

Cellular membrane1

Permeability3

Molecular6

Compounds4

Modulation1

Dynamics1

Regulation3

Rafts3

Micelles2

Endoplasmic reticulum2

Occur1

Transmembrane1

Biological4

Organization2

Fatty7

Enzymes2

Chloroplast1

Vesicle3

Droplets1

Conformation1

Curvature3

Antioxidant1

20182

Bacterial3

Triglycerides1

Metabolic2

Outer membrane1

Analogues1

20211

Characterization2

Degradation1

Structures2

Physiological and pathological1

Ceramide1

Functional2

Biosynthesis1

Receptor3

Golgi1

Autophagy1

Alzheimer's2