Risks gene expression environmental exposure. Medical search. Frequent questions

There are susceptibility genes for asthma in predisposed individuals, however clinical expression might not be apparent unless there is appropriate environmental exposure such as inhalation of parental ETS by children or exposure to allergens. (archive.org)
13 This study demonstrated that autism susceptibility genes are sensitive to specific environmental exposures. (mindspec.org)

Means to achieve this include (i) the use of RNA interference to suppress alpha-synuclein expression, (ii) the induction of neuronal pathways of protein degradation (e.g. macroautophagy) involved in alpha-synuclein clearance, and (iii) the development of anti-aggregation agents counteracting the formation of toxic oligomeric or fibrillar forms of the protein. (sri.com)
The goal of our search was to identify publications describing the role of specific genes, gene signatures, or molecular pathways and their effects in response to environmental exposures. (cdc.gov)
We found some articles related to environmental interactions with inherited genotype and others on environmental exposures that damage genetic material and initiate molecular pathways of pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
Finally, these pathways have been associated with external exposure factors such as exposure to chemicals and air pollution, the role of diet and the presence of beneficial nutrients, as well as the overall health status. (aiche.org)
Therefore, the causal genes and pathways are still not well known and additional genomic functional analyses are required to elucidate the biological mechanism between genetic variants and the risk of cervical cancer [ 12 , 13 ]. (jcancer.org)
Air pollution impacts gene expression and pathways affecting cardio-metabolic and respiratory traits, when controlling for genetic ancestry. (nature.com)
In zebrafish embryo model also transcriptomic analysis of the changes in the expression of genes involved in the pathways of DNA damage response, hormone metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, sexual development and function, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, growth and developmental neurotoxicity will be performed. (nib.si)
To measure how eating time affected molecular pathways involved in adipogenesis, or how the body stores fat, investigators collected biopsies of adipose tissue from a subset of participants during laboratory testing in both the early and late eating protocols, to enable comparison of gene expression patterns/levels between these two eating conditions. (brighamandwomens.org)

Environmental epigenetics is a branch of epigenetics that studies the influence of external environmental factors on the gene expression of a developing embryo. (wikipedia.org)
When the offspring is still developing, genes can be turned on and off depending on exposure to certain environmental factors. (wikipedia.org)
Environmental influence on epigenetics is highly variable, but certain environmental factors can greatly increase the risk of detrimental diseases being expressed at both early and adult life stages. (wikipedia.org)
How the genome is expressed depends on the environmental factors present during gestation. (wikipedia.org)
When these environmental factors are detrimental it causes the deactivation of some DNA sequences, which can lead to atypical phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
Environmental (e.g. toxic exposures) and genetic (e.g. gene polymorphisms) risk factors, on the background of normal aging, are likely to enhance vulnerability to neurodegenerative processes. (sri.com)
Current evidence suggests that an increased level of neuronal alpha-synuclein may represent a key pathogenetic event common to these risk factors. (sri.com)
We defined environment broadly, including infectious agents, toxins, and behavioral risk factors such as alcohol use and smoking. (cdc.gov)
The study of longevity and aging encompasses various aspects such as biological processes, genetic influences, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and psychosocial determinants. (eumag.org)
The risk of adult diseases such as breast cancer can be modified by exposure to certain environmental factors such as diet during early stages of life such as pregnancy and lactation. (usda.gov)
The core areas of behavioral and social sciences research are those that have a major and explicit focus on the understanding of behavioral or social processes, or on the use of these processes to predict or influence health outcomes or health risk factors. (nih.gov)
Sex-specific factors play a major role in human health and disease, including responses to environmental stresses such as toxicant exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
While genetic factors set the foundation for our biological traits, environmental factors can modify and shape gene expression throughout life. (scienceoxygen.com)
Unravelling it requires to simultaneously identify, characterize and quantify exogenous and endogenous exposures and modifiable risk factors that predispose to and predict disease throughout the human life span. (aiche.org)
Exposome science will help us understand the intricate web of relationships between environmental exposures, lifestyle, genetics and disease, contributing significantly to the determination of causal associations between environmental factors and human health. (aiche.org)
Exposome research tries to reverse the paradigm of â nature versus nurtureâ and adopt one defined by complex and dynamic interactions between DNA sequence, epigenetic DNA modifications, gene expression and environmental factors that all combine to influence disease phenotypes. (aiche.org)
Thus, understanding the interplay among environmental and genetic factors, in relation to the respective involved mechanisms, is the cornerstone of targeted interventions, both at individual and community level. (aiche.org)
Cervical cancer has multiple complex etiologies and is caused by the combination of genetic risk factors and various external environmental exposures. (jcancer.org)
For example, epidemiological evidence suggests that human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the major risk factors of cervical cancer and contributes to almost all cases [ 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
http://www.partnershipfortomorrow.ca ) is a cohort comprising over 315,000 Canadians, and captures over 700 variables, ranging from longitudinal health information to environmental exposures, to determine genetic and environmental factors contributing to chronic disease. (nature.com)
The team plan to conduct larger, multicentre studies assessing the long-term role of genetic and environmental factors on epigenetic regulation of leptin, to put these data into context and explore possible therapeutic interventions that could be developed to prevent and treat childhood obesity. (bioscientifica.com)
Obesity results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors. (bioscientifica.com)
Their production is determined by ecological and environmental factors (temperature, humidity and substrate water activity). (cabi.org)
Research in gene expression is exploding right now and is examining both the impact of environmental factors and the promise of epigenetic therapies. (marksdailyapple.com)
[4] Environmental factors include social, cultural and behavioral influences. (wikipedia.org)
The research projects of interest focus on rare tumors and how they associate with particular environmental risk factors and can be driven by epigenetic mechanisms, which can cross-talk with mutational driver events and functionally relate to gene expression. (who.int)
The factors that govern this specificity of UGT expression remain largely unknown. (aspetjournals.org)
Studies on rodent UGT genes have demonstrated that the transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) and CAAT-enhancer binding protein are important positive regulators of UGT expression in the liver (Hansen et al. (aspetjournals.org)
Environmental factors, such as gut health (microbiome) and gut integrity (leaky gut), interact with genetics. (lifewellnesslab.com)
These factors can activate genetic predispositions, elevating the risk of autoimmune conditions. (lifewellnesslab.com)
Epigenetics explores changes in gene expression influenced by external factors, like diet, lifestyle, and environmental exposures. (lifewellnesslab.com)
By using a randomized crossover study, and tightly controlling for behavioral and environmental factors such as physical activity, posture, sleep, and light exposure, investigators were able to detect changes the different control systems involved in energy balance, a marker of how our bodies use the food we consume. (brighamandwomens.org)
Here, we isolated these effects by controlling for confounding variables like caloric intake, physical activity, sleep, and light exposure, but in real life, many of these factors may themselves be influenced by meal timing," said Scheer. (brighamandwomens.org)
It is additionally unknown whether any impacts of preeclampsia are independent of confounders including shared genetic factors that predispose to both preeclampsia and childhood morbidity, perinatal factors including small for gestational age or preterm birth and their sequelae, and postnatal environmental factors such childhood nutrition. (biomedcentral.com)
moreover, many risk factors are not conducive to population-level intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
The aetiology of obesity and its comorbidities is multifactorial, but despite the evidence of traditional contributing factors, the role of environmental toxicants with endocrine disrupting activity has been recently highlighted. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
Both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction play a pivotal role in the risk and development of the disease. (lu.se)
In this thesis we aim to better understand the effect of genetic and environmental factors by investigating parental effects manifesting from early life until adulthood. (lu.se)
On the basis of their evidence review, Dr Thomas Münzel (Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany) and colleagues say it's becoming clear that transportation noise is associated with oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, autonomic imbalance and metabolic abnormalities-potentially contributing to the development of cardiovascular risk factors , such as arterial hypertension and diabetes, as well as progression of atherosclerosis and increased susceptibility to cardiovascular events. (medscape.com)
The Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly considered the report on health promotion and healthy lifestyles.1 The report drew attention to the major behavioural risk factors, including unhealthy diet, tobacco use, physical inactivity, alcohol misuse and unsafe sex and their underlying determinants, together with the need to strengthen the capability of countries to promote health effectively. (who.int)

Previous research has indicated that breastfed children have a lower risk of obesity but how this may be related to epigenetic regulation of leptin has not been investigated. (bioscientifica.com)
If adaptation by regulatory evolution is common, there must be (1) population variation in the regulation of genes, (2) inheritance of that variation, and (3) differential reproductive success based on that regulatory variation. (berkeley.edu)
He is interested in the modeling, measurement, and analysis of population genetic variation in global gene expression in order to reveal the extent of variation in regulation of gene expression in natural populations. (berkeley.edu)
2005. Designing experiments using spotted microarrays to detect gene regulation differences within and among Species. (berkeley.edu)
Meanwhile, 'genome-edited' organisms must undergo an approval process and labelling in accordance with EU GMO regulation, whereby specific guidance needs to be developed in regard to risk assessment. (biosafety-info.net)
Overall, our data suggest that butyrate can reduce the expression of inflammatory genes not only by transcriptional regulation, but also by post-transcriptional regulation via inhibition of mRNA stabilizing proteins. (metu.edu.tr)
The report covers research from the authors' laboratories on the structure and regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) genes, glucuronidation of xenobiotics and endobiotics, the toxicological relevance of UGTs, the role of UGT polymorphisms in cancer susceptibility, and gene therapy for UGT deficiencies. (aspetjournals.org)
These studies have provided fundamental insights into UGT gene structure and regulation, isozyme substrate selectivity, and interindividual variability. (aspetjournals.org)
Interindividual UGT variability likely plays an important role in drug efficacy and xenobiotic toxicity, as well as in hormonal regulation and certain diseases, which in some cases may be amenable to therapeutic manipulations including gene therapy. (aspetjournals.org)
Structure and Tissue-Specific Regulation of UGT Genes (P.I.M., P.A.G., Y.I., A.J.H. (aspetjournals.org)
The study, conducted in a non-human primate model, found that prenatal THC exposure resulted in alterations to the placental and fetal epigenome - the intricate chemical modifications to DNA that oversee gene regulation and expression. (earth.com)
While popular healthy diet mantras advise against midnight snacking, few studies have comprehensively investigated the simultaneous effects of late eating on the three main players in body weight regulation and thus obesity risk: regulation of calorie intake, the number of calories you burn, and molecular changes in fat tissue. (brighamandwomens.org)
In addition, the authors say a transcriptome analysis of aortic tissues from animals exposed to aircraft noise revealed changes in the expression of genes responsible for the regulation of vascular function, vascular remodeling, and cell death. (medscape.com)

It is possible for the environmental effects of epigenetics to be deleterious or to be a natural part of the development pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Temperature can be considered a stressor in environmental epigenetics since it has the potential to change how offspring respond and react to their environment. (wikipedia.org)
Exposure to environmental pollutants, psychological stress, dietary choices or restrictions, working habits, and consumption of drugs or alcohol all influence the epigenetics of an individual and what may be passed down to future offspring. (wikipedia.org)
Such exposures can affect important processes of epigenetics such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, influencing the risk for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity. (wikipedia.org)
In this review, we identified articles aligning with the traditional epidemiologic concept of GxE, as well as several associated with newer biomarkers of exposure, such as DNA methylation (epigenetics) and telomere length. (cdc.gov)
Epigenetics refers to changes in gene function that occur without altering DNA sequence. (scienceoxygen.com)
Epigenetics is a process that affects how our inherited genes are expressed and is a growing area of medical interest, since it can be shaped by experience and environment throughout life. (bioscientifica.com)
Understanding this interplay between genetics and epigenetics empowers you to take proactive steps to reduce the risk of autoimmune diseases, even if they run in your family. (lifewellnesslab.com)

NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
2004. Expression Profiling in Evolutionary Genetics. (berkeley.edu)
Finally, a 2011 report released by the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment ( CHARGE ) study described a clear positive association between residential proximity to freeways and Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnoses, emphasizing the need for further examination of the association between autism and individual hazardous air pollutants. (mindspec.org)
2007). Meanwhile, new research in the field of genetics has shown that there may be other relevant mechanisms, besides melatonin production, which are also controlled by the genes involved in maintaining the circadian rhythm (Stevens et al. (cdc.gov)

Using the protein-protein interaction analysis we observed strong interactions between the proteins produced by genes that are associated with cervical cancer. (jcancer.org)
Similarly, while your genes are "fixed", the expression of those genes - the amount of proteins they cause to be made, whether or not they are even switched on or off at all - depends on the "environment," the circumstances surrounding those genes . (marksdailyapple.com)
The UGT1 family constitutes a complex gene locus on human chromosome 2q37 and comprises 13 first exons that encode the unique N-terminal domains of the UGT1A proteins and exons 2 to 5 that encode the C-terminal domain, which is identical in all UGT1A family members ( Owens and Ritter, 1992 ). (aspetjournals.org)

Despite advances in the understanding of the links between chemical exposures and disease at lower exposure levels, our understanding of the health effects of exposure to chemical mixtures has evolved more slowly. (medrxiv.org)

Diet is a highly modifiable determinant of breast cancer risk, and the effects of the in utero nutritional environment persist beyond fetal life. (usda.gov)
In a previous report using the resources of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), we found that low-to-moderate i n utero exposure to arsenic, a highly toxic and widespread pollutant, was associated with altered expression of several key developmental genes in the fetal portion of the placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
Using NanoString technology, we further analyzed the fetal placenta samples from the NHBCS for the expression of genes encoding arsenic transporters and metabolic enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine their relationship with arsenic exposure and with key developmental genes, after stratification by fetal sex. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that maternal arsenic exposure was strongly associated with expression of the AQP9 gene, encoding an aquaglyceroporin transporter, in female but not male fetal placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results suggest that AQP9 is upregulated in response to arsenic exposure in female, but not male, fetal placenta. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on these results and prior studies, increased AQP9 expression may lead to increased arsenic transport in the female fetal placenta, which in turn may alter the expression patterns of key developmental genes that we have previously shown to be associated with arsenic exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Ghantous A, Hernandez-Vargas H, Byrnes G, Dwyer T, Herceg Z (2015) Characterising the epigenome as a key component of the fetal exposome in evaluating in utero exposures and childhood cancer risk. (who.int)
One explanation is the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, which suggests that the fetal adaptation to the adverse intrauterine environment increases future chronic disease risk [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, we review the fetal, neonatal and long-term consequences of preeclampsia exposure, discuss differing ways to measure infant growth and developmental outcomes, and review studies of infant growth and psychomotor development associated with preeclampsia exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, we identified several differentially expressed genes associated with neonatal anthropometry indicating their possible role in fetal programming and risk of T2DM in later life due to maternal exposure to early pregnancy anemia and GDM. (lu.se)
First, we scrutinized gene expression data from adult pancreas, adult pancreatic islets, fetal pancreas, and single cell expression data. (lu.se)
We identified imprinted genes that were specifically expressed in fetal pancreas both on a tissue and single cell level. (lu.se)
Additionally, we identified imprinted genes enriched in both fetal and adult pancreas and associated with glucose and insulin traits in a parent-of-origin manner. (lu.se)

The field of human development seeks to understand the interplay between genes and environment in shaping our physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional growth from conception to adulthood. (scienceoxygen.com)
My interest is understanding the interplay between chemical exposure and nutritional or lifestyle habits, (diet selection and physical activity). (uams.edu)

When the maternal figure is exposed to stressors it can lead to a greater likelihood of expressing or stunting DNA expression. (wikipedia.org)
We investigated whether in utero/lactational exposure to blueberry (BB) via maternal diet alters the trajectory of Wnt1-induced mammary tumorigenesis in offspring. (usda.gov)

These associations were sex-dependent, suggesting that in utero arsenic exposure differentially impacts male and female fetuses. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, this study suggests that AQP9 may play a role in the sex-specific effects of in utero arsenic exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, there is a crucial need for an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sexually dimorphic responses in utero, in order to effectively prevent, diagnose and treat the effects of prenatal toxicant exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

Understanding the interactions between our environment and our genes and how they affect health outcomes offers a multitude of potential opportunities in public health. (cdc.gov)
Exposures before and during conception can affect pregnancy outcomes and health throughout life. (frontiersin.org)
Retrospective studies of the survivors of famines, such as those exposed to the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-45, have linked exposures around conception to later disease outcomes, some of which correlate with DNA methylation changes at certain genes. (frontiersin.org)
Many pregnancy complications are linked to placenta function and birth outcomes can have a large effect on later disease risk. (frontiersin.org)
A broad spectrum of adverse outcomes has been associated with chronic exposure, including carcinogenesis, hepatitis, nephrotoxicity and endocrine disruption. (cabi.org)
The aims are to identify linkages between the transcriptomic profiles, concentrations, and adverse outcomes, and to identify molecular biomarkers of exposure and effects of specific group TKIs that will serve as diagnostic markers for these types of pharmaceutical exposure. (nib.si)
This narrative review of 23 epidemiological and basic science studies assessed the measurement and impact of preeclampsia exposure on infant growth and psychomotor developmental outcomes from birth to 2 years. (biomedcentral.com)
We aimed to determine whether infants with intrauterine preeclampsia exposure, compared to infants born from normotensive pregnancies, have differing anthropometric growth outcomes and psychomotor developmental outcomes from birth to 2 years of age. (biomedcentral.com)

Prenatal exposure to the air pollutant benzene may lead to a higher risk of metabolic diseases later in life, according to a study in mice partially funded by the NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP). (nih.gov)
2002. Pathway processor: a tool for integrating whole-genome expression results into metabolic networks. (berkeley.edu)
When you change to a diet low in sugars and rich in healthy fats, those or other genes are directed to reduce inflammatory expression, down-regulate insulin-producing metabolic machinery, up-regulate insulin receptors and rebuild cell membranes to reflect the presence of better building materials (omega 3 fatty acids, etc. (marksdailyapple.com)
Abdominal obesity appears to be an important component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which along with insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia represents an increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D). (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
On the other hand, the distinct distribution pattern observed between two metabolically distinct AT depots (visceral and subcutaneous) and subsequent repercussion in the aggravation of metabolic dysfunction in a context of obesity, provides accumulating evidence to hypothesise that EDCs might have an important "environmental dysmetabolism" effect. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
However, in addition to adulthood exposure, the perinatal effects are very important, since it may allow a change in the metabolic programming, promoting the further development of obesity and MetS. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
The circadian rhythm is a pattern of approximately 24 hours with characteristic physiologic and metabolic cycles of, among many other attributes, body temperature, hormone secretion, sleep/wake cycle, alertness, and gene expression (Takahashi et al. (cdc.gov)

Finally, we capture four expression quantitative trait loci that interact with the environment (air pollution). (nature.com)
This includes a higher risk of chronic psychological stress, adverse childhood experiences, perceived racism and environmental contaminant exposures like air pollution among Black individuals, which have all been associated with a higher risk for developing and experiencing severe symptoms from fibroids. (michiganmedicine.org)
Pollution and exposure to toxic chemicals is associated with a wide range of health effects, and disease linked to pollution were estimated to be responsible for 9 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [ 1 ] . (medrxiv.org)
Prenatal exposure to another hazardous component of air pollution, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, is strongly associated with impaired cognitive development in case studies of 3- and 5-year-old children. (mindspec.org)
He hopes politicians create laws to protect people from environmental stressors and "take into account in particular the new findings concerning noise pollution and cardiovascular disease and to acknowledge noise as a cardiovascular risk factor," he said. (medscape.com)

The environment can exert direct or indirect effects on gene expression by altering various molecular mechanisms involved in DNA transcription, processing, translation, folding, and degradation. (scienceoxygen.com)
Studies on the mechanisms that regulate UGT genes, in a temporal and tissue-specific manner, should contribute significantly to understanding the basis for these differences. (aspetjournals.org)
My research focuses on fish and other aquatic invertebrates and has ranged from investigating the mechanisms of toxicity of environmental chemicals using (epi)genomics approaches to understanding disease susceptibility within aquaculture. (exeter.ac.uk)
We wanted to test the mechanisms that may explain why late eating increases obesity risk," explained senior author Frank A. J. L. Scheer, PhD, Director of the Medical Chronobiology Program in the Brigham's Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders . (brighamandwomens.org)
Notably, these findings convey converging physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the correlation between late eating and increased obesity risk. (brighamandwomens.org)
In this revision, we focused our attention on the mechanisms of action and impact of EDCs exposure as a contributor to the present epidemics of obesity and MetS. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
MAINZ, GERMANY - An updated evidence review strengthens the concept that exposure to environmental noise from road traffic and aircraft may increase the risk for heart disease and gets at the potential underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. (medscape.com)
Traffic noise has been shown in many studies to increase the risk for heart disease, but the precise mechanisms that lead to noise-induced heart disease have been unclear. (medscape.com)
This paper makes an important contribution to our understanding of the mechanisms of cardiovascular damage resulting from noise exposure. (medscape.com)
These results suggested that the resistance of C. albicans biofilms to azoles or polyenes was due not to the activation of specific mechanisms in response to exposure to these antifungals but rather to the intrinsic properties of the mature biofilms. (who.int)

Such studies should also aid in the design of molecular probes to assess the capacity of individuals to metabolize specific drugs and toxins, before exposure to these agents. (aspetjournals.org)
As a researcher, my primary interest is the effects of environmental toxins, such as lead and PCBs, on oxidative stress and the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress on radiation-induced normal tissue damage. (uams.edu)

Environmental and occupational exposure to arsenic is associated with increased risk of skin, urinary bladder, and respiratory tract cancers. (cdc.gov)
Cancers occur when genetic mutations build up in critical genes, specifically those that control cell growth and division (proliferation) or the repair of damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic mutations in the TP53 , EGFR , and KRAS genes are common in lung cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
One of the first and most obvious implications of this theory was that persons working night shifts would be at higher risk of these specific cancers than would day-working persons (Stevens, 2009b). (cdc.gov)

The way that genes are expressed may be passed down from parent to offspring through epigenetic modifications, although environmental influences do not alter the genome itself. (wikipedia.org)
The way that genes are expressed is influenced by the environment that the genome is in. (wikipedia.org)
2018) Detecting genome-wide directional effects of transcription factor binding on polygenic disease risk. (harvard.edu)
More than half (23 of 39) of the articles represent epidemiologic studies including candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) examining genetic effect modification on disease risk. (cdc.gov)
The change occurred because the environmental exposure altered the methylation pattern in the mouse genome, silencing the agouti gene responsible for yellow fat cell formation. (scienceoxygen.com)
DNA methylation is the most commonly studied epigenetic mark in humans, as it is well recognised as a stable, heritable mark that can affect genome function and influence gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
In the past few years several large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered a lot of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the risk of cervical cancer ( Table S1 ) and provide new insight into the genetic architecture of this type of cancer. (jcancer.org)
We used an integrative approach to comprehensively assess the interactions between 1.6 million data points, encompassing a range of environmental exposures, health, and gene expression levels, coupled with whole-genome genetic variation. (nature.com)
After attributing a regional and/or continental ancestry to each individual using genome-wide polymorphism data, we are able to capture the effect of different environmental exposures on gene expression and health-related traits, while simultaneously controlling for genetic relatedness and migration. (nature.com)
Further, in order to capture gene-by-environment interactions through eQTL analyses, we combine whole-transcriptome RNA-Sequencing profiles with whole-genome genotyping and extensive fine-scale environmental exposure data. (nature.com)
2003. Population genetic variation in genome-wide gene expression in wine yeasts. (berkeley.edu)
These genome-edited plants and animals require an expanded risk assessment as these techniques can produce new biological characteristics and unintended effects that can impact the environment and food safety. (biosafety-info.net)

While certain genes being turned on or off can increase the risk of developmental diseases or abnormal phenotypes, there is also the possibility that the phenotype will be non-functional. (wikipedia.org)

We identified several differentially expressed genes between early pregnancy anemia, GDM and controls. (lu.se)

One of the oldest debates in psychology and developmental science concerns the relative contributions of nature (genes) and nurture (environment) in determining our behavioral and mental traits. (scienceoxygen.com)
they set potential limitations and possibilities which interact with specific environmental experiences to shape developmental trajectories. (scienceoxygen.com)
According to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis, environmental exposures in early life affects later life risk. (frontiersin.org)
With every gene making up DNA uniquely coded to contribute to various bodily and brain functions, any interference with the epigenetic processes due to drug exposure raises concerns - particularly during a critical developmental period like pregnancy. (earth.com)
In this study, male (but not female) mice provided with THM- and PCE-contaminated drinking water developed autistic-like behaviors after gestational and postnatal exposure 3 .These results suggest that males may be uniquely sensitive (at specific developmental time points) to the synergistic effects of PCE and trihalomethanes. (mindspec.org)

Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) were two core components of the N6-methyadenosine (m6A) methyltransferase complex (MTC) and played a basic role in maintaining an appropriate m6A level of target genes. (bvsalud.org)

But social, behavioral and environmental exposures may be important clues to help researchers understand why Black Americans have a disproportionately higher risk of developing severe fibroids than white peers, according to a new review in Fertility and Sterility. (michiganmedicine.org)

• FRAM - The FRAM center for Future Chemical Risk Assessment and Management Strategies Jag arbetar med andra experter inom FRAM med bland annat riskbedömningar av kemikalier som används i plastprodukter samt vår hantering av dessa i lagstiftningen. (gu.se)
however, there is insufficient data on their occurrence, ecotoxicity and potential effects to humans to allow for adequate risk assessment. (nib.si)
In zebrafish embryos we will determine lethal and sublethal effects of the selected TKIs to obtain parameters (lethal concentration (LC)50, no adverse effect concentration (NOAEC)) needed for environmental and human health risk assessment. (nib.si)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. (beyondpesticides.org)
The RAGES project (Risk Assessment of Genetically Engineered Organisms in the EU and Switzerland) was carried out between 2016 and 2019. (biosafety-info.net)
Its purpose was to critically evaluate risk assessment of genetically engineered (GE) food plants as performed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and its Swiss counterpart. (biosafety-info.net)
For example, risk assessment policies need to be developed to address gaps in current knowledge and inadequacies in prevailing approaches to assessing risks. (biosafety-info.net)
In short, current risk assessment practice has been set up to fail. (biosafety-info.net)
There is some evidence for impaired growth and psychomotor neurodevelopment in infancy (birth to 2 years) after preeclampsia exposure [ 23 , 24 ], but much of the existing data are limited by their minimal adjustment for perinatal confounders, the variable use of assessment tools for growth and development, and their specific study cohorts of preterm or very low birthweight (VLBW) infants (Table 1 and 2 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Improving the regulatory environmental risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals: Required changes in the new legislation. (janusinfo.se)
EPA published a proposal to replace its 1986 Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment to take advantage of these new scientific advances in cancer biology. (cdc.gov)

The largest subset of articles (22/39) examined the effects of toxic exposures or toxicogenomic effects of chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, heavy metals, and organic solvents. (cdc.gov)
Diet, exercise, exposure to toxic chemicals (or fresh air), medicines, even the thoughts you think (which generate actual chemical signals) all influence gene expression - positively and/or negatively, depending on the choice. (marksdailyapple.com)
Racial disparities may also stem from other social determinants of health such as a higher fat diet, lower levels of physical activity, vitamin D deficiency, as well as individual behaviors such as use of certain beauty products that contain chemicals that are associated with increased risk of uterine fibroids. (michiganmedicine.org)
PhD studentship (with the Salmon and Trout Association) - Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and the sustainability of brown trout populations in the UK: relative impact of EDCs compared with other environmental stressors. (exeter.ac.uk)
Exposure to low doses of toxic metals (and other chemicals) is almost ubiquitous amongst the population. (medrxiv.org)
The long time from exposure to potentially harmful chemicals until breast cancer occurrence poses challenges for designing etiologic studies and for implementing successful prevention programs. (biomedcentral.com)
The influence of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk may be greater during several windows of susceptibility (WOS) in a woman's life, including prenatal development, puberty, pregnancy, and the menopausal transition. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite the plausible heightened mechanistic influences of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk during time periods of change in the mammary gland's structure and function, most human studies of environmental chemicals are not focused on specific WOS. (biomedcentral.com)
This article reviews studies conducted over the past few decades that have specifically addressed the effect of environmental chemicals and metals on breast cancer risk during at least one of these WOS. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to summarizing the broader evidence-base specific to WOS, we include discussion of the NIH-funded Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) which included population-based and basic science research focused on specific WOS to evaluate associations between breast cancer risk and particular classes of endocrine-disrupting chemicals-including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and phenols-and metals. (biomedcentral.com)
more limited evidence addresses specific environmental chemicals and metals during these same WOS. (biomedcentral.com)

This study analyzes UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms in pancreatic diseases. (nih.gov)

Our findings demonstrate how the local environment directly affects disease risk phenotypes and that genetic variation, including less common variants, can modulate individual's response to environmental challenges. (nature.com)
Variants in two genes associated with indices of insulin secretion indicating their possible role in beta-cell development. (lu.se)

During embryonic development, epigenetic modifications determine which genes are expressed, which in turn determines the embryo's phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
Epigenetic marks are heritable DNA modifications that can influence gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. (frontiersin.org)
These include chemical modifications of DNA bases, post-translational histone modifications and chromatin structure, and their configuration can be affected by a variety of environmental exposures. (frontiersin.org)
Expression can be controlled by reversible post-translational modifications on histone amino acid tails, with complex cross-talk between modifications ( Kouzarides, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this study, Dr Omneya Magdy Omar and colleagues at Alexandria University Hospital Children's Hospital, Egypt, tested for epigenetic modifications to the leptin gene in 50, 6-month old babies, 25 of which were breastfed. (bioscientifica.com)

When caused by multiplication mutations of its gene, increased expression of alpha-synuclein is associated with familial parkinsonism. (sri.com)
Somatic mutations in many different genes have been found in lung cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
TP53 gene mutations result in the production of an altered p53 protein that cannot bind to DNA. (medlineplus.gov)

Incidence of respiratory symptoms and chronic disease in a non-smoking population as a function of long-term cumulative exposure to ambient air pollutants (Adventist health study of smog follow-up study). (cdc.gov)
1997. Lung function and long term exposure to air pollutants in Switzerland. (cdc.gov)
The stability and reliability of the lung-on-a-chip model were demonstrated by toxicological application of various environmental pollutants. (bvsalud.org)

The "environmental obesogens" hypothesis associates environmental EDCs to the disruption of energy homeostasis, with recent studies demonstrating the ability of these compounds to modulate the adipocyte biology. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)

Researchers funded in part by the NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) uncovered a key mechanism explaining how inflammation caused by cadmium exposure makes lung infections more severe and deadly. (nih.gov)
The expression of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) was significantly reduced, which could be served as early COPD checkpoint on the lung-chips. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, the lung-on-a-chip provides a new platform for investigating the pulmonary toxicity of nanoplastics, demonstrating that PS-NPs can harm the alveolar-blood barrier, cause oxidative damage and inflammation, and increase the risk of COPD. (bvsalud.org)
Title : Carbon nanotube and asbestos exposures induce overlapping but distinct profiles of lung pathology in non-swiss Albino CF-1 mice Personal Author(s) : Frank, Evan A.;Carreira, Vinicius S.;Birch, M. Eileen;Yadav, Jagjit S. (cdc.gov)

One example of how environment can influence gene expression is the case of agouti mice. (scienceoxygen.com)
And we can influence gene expression to a far greater degree than anyone ever thought possible. (marksdailyapple.com)

Higher protein expression could underlie a gain of toxic properties of alpha-synuclein (e.g. enhanced tendency to aggregate) that predispose and/or directly contribute to neuronal demise. (sri.com)
To explore work on gene-environment interaction (GxE) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), we examined the CDC-Authored Genomics and Precision Health Publications Database (CDC-Authored GPHPD) , which includes articles published by CDC/ATSDR authors since 2011. (cdc.gov)

Dr. Shorey-Kendrick underscores the need to comprehend these impacts more deeply to inform patients about the risks effectively and promote safer habits during the vulnerable prenatal period. (earth.com)
I hope our work can help open up a broader dialogue about the risks of cannabis use in the preconception and prenatal period, so we can improve children's health in the long run," said Dr. Lo. (earth.com)

This exposure to ETS leads to epigenetic changes. (archive.org)
Epigenetic changes are defined as heritable changes that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. (archive.org)
Epigenetic changes can turn genes on or off, including those related to autoimmune responses. (lifewellnesslab.com)
In papers I and II we examined gene expression alterations and associated epigenetic changes due to early pregnancy anemia and gestational diabetes (GDM). (lu.se)
Most of these genes were accompanied by epigenetic changes that correlated with their expression patterns. (lu.se)

2018). Heritability enrichment of specifically expressed genes identifies disease-relevant tissues and cell types. (harvard.edu)
To bridge such gap, we integrated the largest cervical cancer GWAS ( N = 9,347) with gene expression measured in six human tissues to perform a multi-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS). (jcancer.org)

The difficulty is that the causal genes mediating SNP effects on cervical cancer can be rarely ascertainable with GWAS data alone because of complicated linkage disequilibrium (LD) [ 11 ]. (jcancer.org)
Physical effects include irregular heartbeat , an impaired immune response, liver cirrhosis , increased cancer risk , and severe withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. (wikipedia.org)
Their presence in the environment may lead to systemic environmental effects, while in exposed humans increased cancer incidence and reproductive defects may occur. (nib.si)
We have hypothesized that butyrate may regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally through global effects on the expression or cytoplasmic trans location of RBPs. (metu.edu.tr)
Less is known about the effects of PCB exposure on the social and emotional development of children. (mindspec.org)

Occupational exposures involving crystalline silica and multiwalled carbon nanotubes were also studied in relation to genetic damage and initiation of disease processes. (cdc.gov)

Placenta-associated pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, are all associated with aberrant patterns of DNA methylation and expression which are only now being linked to disease risk later in life. (frontiersin.org)
Together, these patterns demonstrate that the plasticity of genes that are associated with disease resistance may be evolutionarily constrained by expression-level adaptation processes. (sciencedaily.com)
However, comparing immune responses between coral species that differ in disease resistance or susceptibility, linking specific disease phenotypes to gene expression and determining adaptive or plastic disease-resistance-associated expression patterns are things still understudied. (sciencedaily.com)
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that many of the 17 human UGTs characterized to date exhibit tissue-specific patterns of expression. (aspetjournals.org)
The thermal habitat of C. cataphractus was described by measuring operative environmental temperatures (Te) with hollow copper lizard models placed around rocks according to the natural surface movement patterns of the species. (sun.ac.za)

In 2006, the US general surgeon reported that exposure to (ETS) in early life is causal for wheezing. (archive.org)

The EGFR and KRAS genes each provide instructions for making a protein that is embedded within the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
pendent of those associated with cretory ducts, columnar epithelia the KRAS gene is more frequent- other key mechanistic characteris- lining the gastrointestinal tract and ly mutated in human cancer, which tics of IARC Group 1 carcinogens. (who.int)

It helps us trace how environmental exposures and life experiences affect gene expression and influence disease risks - possibly across generations. (dests.de)

Importantly, millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic at lower levels than those witnessed in the above populations, but which are close to or exceed the US Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA MCL) of 10 μg/L [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
2001. Environmental exposure, horizontal transfer, and selection of transgenes in bacterial populations. (berkeley.edu)
The reality is that cannabis still carries many health risks for certain populations, including those who are pregnant," said study lead author Dr. Lyndsey Shorey-Kendrick, a computational biologist at OHSU's Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC). (earth.com)
The preferred body temperature range of C. cataphractus is the lowest recorded among cordylids to date (mean Tp = 29.8oC) and was conserved among different populations and within these populations among seasons, despite the fact that environmental temperatures are known to vary geographically and seasonally. (sun.ac.za)

This review will summarise current knowledge on the effect of early environmental exposure on later disease risk, especially where this may be mediated by DNA methylation. (frontiersin.org)

The analyses revealed that THC exposure fundamentally altered the epigenome, a process wherein the information encoded in a gene is translated into a function or an observable trait. (earth.com)

Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
1994. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
In addition, it includes all the procedures and computational sequences necessary for applying advanced bioinformatics coupling advanced data mining, biological and exposure modelling so as to ensure that environmental exposure-health associations are studied comprehensively. (aiche.org)
Previous studies on coral disease and immunity have successfully identified genes induced by disease that contribute to biological processes such as programmed cell death, autophagy, maintenance of the extracellular matrix (the aforementioned protein and molecule network), lipid metabolism and protein trafficking. (sciencedaily.com)
Black individuals disproportionately experience a wide range of exposures across their life course that evidence suggests lead to biological changes," she said. (michiganmedicine.org)

Recently, the placenta, a tissue with a unique hypomethylated methylome, has been shown to possess great inter-individual variability, which we highlight as a promising target tissue for studying MEs and mixed environmental exposures. (frontiersin.org)

What role do genes play in determining our physical characteristics and personality traits? (scienceoxygen.com)
Next, we analyzed the association of these genes with glycemic traits. (lu.se)

Some researchers hypothesize that genetic predispositions combined with environmental stressors (eg, virus exposure or birth trauma) result in brain deposition of amyloid and disruption of synaptic transmissions, possibly involving interleukin-1 (IL-1) or beta-endorphins. (medscape.com)
I am an environmental biologist investigating how environmental stressors affect living organisms in aquatic systems, both within natural environments and in aquaculture. (exeter.ac.uk)

ETS seems to influence innate immunity predisposing to Th2associated respiratory diseases and increasing the risk for IgE-mediated sensitization, which could lead to the inflammatory and structural changes seen in allergic diseases, especially asthma. (archive.org)
Autoimmune Conditions and the Gut-Gene-Epigenetic Connection In functional medicine, we emphasize the critical role of the gut in overall health and its profound impact on autoimmune diseases. (lifewellnesslab.com)
Integrating multi-omics approaches will enable a paradigm shift from the one size fits all approach towards precision obesity management, i.e. (1) precision prevention of the onset of obesity, (2) precision medicine and tailored treatment of obesity, and (3) precision risk reduction and prevention of secondary diseases related to obesity. (springermedizin.at)
Many people at risk for and suffering from fungal diseases live in limited-resource settings. (cdc.gov)

Chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma are associated with alcohol abuse, consumption of tobacco smoke, and environmental aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. (nih.gov)
I think there is no doubt anymore that chronic noise exposure, in particular nighttime noise, can cause coronary disease, heart failure, stroke, and arterial hypertension. (medscape.com)

Around 40-70% of obesity cases are thought to have a genetic component but none of the identified obesity-associated genes fully explain its heritability. (bioscientifica.com)
Dr Omar comments, "Although preliminary, we have shown a possible link between breastfeeding and reduced risk of obesity, and added to the growing body of evidence that breastfeeding is recommended whenever possible. (bioscientifica.com)
Previous research by us and others had shown that late eating is associated with increased obesity risk, increased body fat, and impaired weight loss success. (brighamandwomens.org)
When applied to obesity prevention and management, each omics type could potentially help to detect specific biomarkers in people with risk profiles and guide healthcare professionals and decision makers in developing individualized treatment plans according to the needs of the individual before the onset of obesity. (springermedizin.at)
problem and that children from lower in- The changing eating habits due to intro- come families are at greater risk of obesity, duction of fast foods and snacks and the increased serum lipid levels and food in- affluent lifestyle have provided a wide vari- takes that fail to meet the RDAs than are ety of foods for children and mothers. (who.int)

A recent animal research study found that perinatal PCB exposure impaired social approach and investigation, behaviors also impaired in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders 8 . (mindspec.org)

If you are giving a presentation about an environmental health topic or just looking for general information about environmental health research or the institute, this page will help. (nih.gov)
NIEHS is committed to conducting the most rigorous research in environmental health sciences, and to communicating the results of this research to the public. (nih.gov)
NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration. (nih.gov)
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is expanding and accelerating its contributions to scientific knowledge of human health and the environment, and to the health and well-being of people everywhere. (nih.gov)
The approach outlined herein brings together and organizes environmental, socio-economic, exposure, biomarker and health effect data. (aiche.org)
[21] Drinking during pregnancy may harm the child's health , [3] and drunk driving increases the risk of traffic accidents. (wikipedia.org)
The project is expected to generate new knowledge on potential environmental and health risk of TKIs in the environment, providing objective arguments for recommendations and regulations concerning environmental and human health protection. (nib.si)
Results from the RAGES project show that risk assessors in the EU and Switzerland have failed, and are still failing, to deal with the risks to public health and the environment. (biosafety-info.net)
In 2003, the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) initiated the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) with support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to specifically examine whether environmental exposures during the pubertal WOS affect the timing of puberty, a risk factor for breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Now, a growing number of studies also link them to poor brain health, including an increased risk of dementia, depression , and anxiety, and some experts are calling for public health policies aimed at reducing UPF consumption. (medscape.com)
The report, which has not been peer reviewed, comes on the heels of several other studies, including one from the Nurses Health Study II that showed that participants who consumed more than eight servings of UPFs daily had about a 50% higher depression risk compared to those who consumed half that much. (medscape.com)
So I'm the Medical Director of the World Trade Center Environmental Health Center for the survivors and community members, and my background, as you've heard, is really I began as an asthma doctor, asthma and environmental issues were my interest, and I've been at NYU and at Bellevue and at Health + Hospitals for many, many, many years, and I'm now a professor there. (cdc.gov)

A handbook of environmental toxicology: human disorders and ecotoxicology. (cabi.org)
To accomplish the complex tasks, the project consortium comprises partners with complementary expertise in the fields of aquatic and genetic toxicology, and genomics with bioinformatics (NIB), toxicology, pharmacology and in silico predictive models (FFA) and environmental occurrence predictions based on consumption and use of these drugs (IO). (nib.si)

Eat a diet that is high in sugar, and gene expression moves in a direction that produces more insulin, that shuts off insulin receptors, that down-regulates lipase and other enzymes involved in fat-burning, that increases pro-inflammatory cytokines, etc. (marksdailyapple.com)
Butyrate is a SCFA that was reported to alter the mRNA stability of inflammatory genes by increasiing the expression of the RNA binding protein (RBP) Tristetraprolin (TTP). (metu.edu.tr)
As a proof of concept, we show butyrate-mediated inhibition in binding of HuR to the 3'UTR of COX-2 mRNA resulting in reduced mRNA and protein levels of the inflammatory gene. (metu.edu.tr)

Resolution of large and small differences in gene expression using models for the Bayesian analysis of gene expression levels and spotted DNA microarrays. (berkeley.edu)
The differences in gene expression in fibroids from Black and white people, as well as racial disparities in fibroid prevalence, they say, may reflect that Black individuals disproportionately experience exposures linked with increased risk for uterine fibroids. (michiganmedicine.org)

The exposome represents the totality of exposures from conception onwards. (aiche.org)

There are case-controlled studies, which show that higher urinary levels of Cd 2+ correlate positively with a significant increase in the risk of breast cancer [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Several meta-analyses have also shown a link between the urinary level of Cd 2+ and the risk of breast cancer [ 3 , 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
However, two prospective studies have concluded that there is no association between urinary Cd 2+ and the risk of breast cancer [ 5 , 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Thus, our study suggests that transformation of the MCF-10A cells with Cd 2+ produces a decreased basal gene expression profile that correlates to patient outcome. (oncotarget.com)
This suggests the possible role of these genes in beta-cell function. (lu.se)

Clearly, more clinical and epidemiological research is needed to fully characterize the impact of PCB exposure on autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders. (mindspec.org)
11,1 2 In a rare gene-environment autism study, genetically susceptible mice exposed to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo(a)pyrene while pregnant developed offspring with behavioral deficits and with decreased expression of the MET gene, a suspected autism risk gene. (mindspec.org)

In gastric cancer (GC), previous researches on the expression and role of METTL3 and METTL14 were not consistent, and their specific function and mechanism have remained elusive. (bvsalud.org)
The relationship between exposure to cadmium (Cd 2+ ) and the role it might play in the development and progression of breast cancer is controversial. (oncotarget.com)
In paper V we have examined the expression of imprinted genes to better understand their role in insulin secretion, beta-cell development, and function. (lu.se)
In particular, exposure to CAS resulted in the upregulation of hypha-specific genes known to play a role in biofilm formation, such as ALS3 and HWP1. (who.int)

There are specific stages in which these expressions happen during development. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, AQP9 expression associated with that of a subset of female-specific arsenic-responsive genes. (biomedcentral.com)
2006. Phase-specific gene expression underlying morphological adaptations of the dimorphic human pathogenic fungus, Coccidioides posadasii. (berkeley.edu)
By focusing on environmental chemical exposure during specific WOS, scientists and their community partners may identify when prevention efforts are likely to be most effective. (biomedcentral.com)

When nutrients are limited during pregnancy, the offspring's phenotypic expression can be disrupted. (wikipedia.org)

Exposures to certain triggers such as alcohol or drugs can disrupt the normal expression of the offspring's phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
These signals can activate or silence genes, impacting their activity and ultimately influencing phenotype - an individual's observable characteristics. (scienceoxygen.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms6

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

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Named Groups2

Health Care42

Geographicals8

Susceptibility genes2

Pathways8

Factors40

Regulation13

Epigenetics8

Genetics4

Proteins3

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Fetal14

Interplay2

Maternal2

Utero3

Outcomes8

Metabolic7

Pollution5

Mechanisms10

Toxins2

Cancers4

Genome12

Certain genes1

Differentially1

Developmental5

Target genes1

Behavioral and environmental1

Assessment11

Chemicals11

Polymorphisms1

Variants2

Modifications5

Mutations3

Pollutants3

Hypothesis1

Lung4

Influence gene expression2

Toxic2

Prenatal2

Epigenetic changes5

Tissues2

Effects5

Occupational1

Patterns5

Causal1

KRAS2

Affect gene expression1

Populations4

Methylation1

Epigenome1

Biological5

Placenta1

Traits2

Stressors2

Diseases4

Chronic2

Obesity5

Perinatal1

Health12

Toxicology2

Inflammatory3

Differences in gene expression2

Exposome1

Urinary3

Suggests2

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Role4

Specific4

Pregnancy1

Phenotype2