Rhythms cardiac excitation contraction coupling. Medical search. Frequent questions

In those with CPVT, catecholamine release can lead to an abnormal heart rhythm or arrhythmia known as ventricular tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
However, if the abnormal heart rhythm continues, it can degenerate into a more dangerous arrhythmia known as ventricular fibrillation causing a cardiac arrest and, if untreated, sudden death. (wikipedia.org)
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a commonly occurring arrhythmia after cardiac surgery (postoperative AF, poAF) and is associated with poorer outcomes. (nih.gov)
The loss of cardiac G protein signaling by RGS2 and 5 are implicated in cardiac arrhythmia, a major cause of cardiac death. (case.edu)
Our lab is interested in understanding how RGS proteins are involved maintaining normal rhythm and how their absence leads to arrhythmia and heart failure. (case.edu)
Junctophilin-2 at the intersection of arrhythmia and pathologic cardiac remodeling. (duke.edu)
In 2003, he was the Chairman/Organizer of the Gordon Research Conference: Cardiac Arrhythmia Mechanisms. (mirm-pitt.net)
It is well-known that Ca 2+ overload may cause cardiac arrhythmia. (icgbio.ru)

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited genetic disorder that predisposes those affected to potentially life-threatening abnormal heart rhythms or arrhythmias. (wikipedia.org)
The arrhythmias that those with CPVT experience are caused by abnormalities in the way that cardiac muscle cells control their levels of calcium. (wikipedia.org)
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias. (duke.edu)
There has been a significant progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which calcium (Ca2+) ions mediate various types of cardiac arrhythmias. (duke.edu)
Currently, at the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Salama is actively involved in both academics and research, and has focused his efforts on the elucidation of the mechanisms responsible for the initiation and termination of cardiac arrhythmias. (mirm-pitt.net)
1. Definitions of sinus rhythm and arrhythmias. (drbeen.com)
2. Detection of cardiac arrhythmias. (drbeen.com)
Interplay between cardiac function and structure in modulating deadly arrhythmias in the human heart, computer modelling and simulation towards a reduction and replacement of animals in research and safer drugs in human, and advanced mathematical modelling for cardiac tissue and magnetic resonance imaging. (ox.ac.uk)
The development of novel non-invasive imaging modalities (Electrocardiographic Imaging, ECGI) for the diagnosis and guided therapy of cardiac arrhythmias. (ox.ac.uk)
In response, international regulatory agreements were developed that mandate testing of all new drugs, both cardiac and non-cardiac, for cardiac liability, including drug-induced long QT interval (LQT) and risk for development of life-threatening arrhythmias, such as Torsade de Pointes (TdP) 5 . (nature.com)

Characterizing excitation-contraction coupling in isolated cardiac myocytes has been essential to our understanding of heart function. (insidescientific.com)
Being so fully immersed in working with isolated cardiac myocytes, he reached the conclusion that the field needed a more standardized instrument, and in 2015 he set up Cytocypher, that developed the high throughput system for calcium/contractility measurements that is the subject of this webinar. (insidescientific.com)
Junctophilin-2 (JPH2), a protein expressed in the junctional membrane complex, is necessary for proper intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling in cardiac myocytes. (duke.edu)
Membrane permeabilization of cardiac myocytes with saponin and/or Triton X-100 increased NAADP synthesis, indicating that intracellular CD38 contributes to NAADP production. (ox.ac.uk)
Accordingly, in the presence of isoproterenol, Ca2+ transients and contraction amplitudes were smaller in CD38-/- myocytes than in the WT. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition, suppressing lysosomal function with bafilomycin A1 reduced the isoproterenol-induced increase in Ca2+ transients in cardiac myocytes from WT but not CD38-/- mice. (ox.ac.uk)
The normal heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial contractions. (msdmanuals.com)

Develop fast computational toolkits to reproduce the heart structure and function, including ionic dynamics and activation (electrophysiology), contraction and pump blood (mechanics) and scar growth and remodelling (biochemistry), and search key mechanisms in myocardial infarction (MI), aiming to aid clinical management and drug development for MI. (ox.ac.uk)
He has served on editorial boards of Scientific Reports, Circulation Research, Heart Rhythm Journal, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, and other premier cardiovascular and biomedical engineering professional journals. (jove.com)
Here we show, computationally and experimentally, the limits of all-optical electrophysiology when applied to drug testing, then implement and validate OptoDyCE, a fully automated system for all-optical cardiac electrophysiology. (nature.com)

Dr. Kuster's research has focused on understanding molecular changes that underlie cardiac muscle function, hypertrophy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (insidescientific.com)
BACKGROUND:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), defined as asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, is a leading cause of cardiac death in the young. (duke.edu)
As cAMP plays a key role in the regulation of excitation-contraction coupling in the heart, we want to understand how local cAMP signals affect cardiac physiology and we aim at establishing how disruption of local control of signal propagation leads to pathological conditions such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. (ox.ac.uk)
Integrated Proteomics Unveils Nuclear PDE3A2 as a Regulator of Cardiac Myocyte Hypertrophy. (ox.ac.uk)
CRT effects are related to alterations in genes and microRNAs (miRs) expression, which regulate cardiac processes involved in cardiac apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis, and membrane channel ionic currents. (hindawi.com)

it may be encountered in a number of cardiac conditions associated with high rates of conduction, including atrial fibrillation , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome , ventricular tachycardia, SVT, and accelerated idioventricular rhythm. (medscape.com)
Conditions such as cardiomyopathies or heart failure are associated with structural alterations of the cardiac tissue as well as generation of pathways with altered conduction characteristics. (medscape.com)
1952). A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. (modeldb.science)
While high levels of overall cardiac sympathetic drive are a negative prognostic indicator of mortality following MI and during heart failure, β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the infarct border zone reduced spatially heterogeneous alternans, and prevented conduction block and propagation of extrasystoles. (frontiersin.org)

In cardiac pacemaker cells , action potentials occur when specialized channels in the cell membrane open and allow ions to flow into or out of the cell. (osmosis.org)

Those affected may be asymptomatic, but they may also experience blackouts or even sudden cardiac death. (wikipedia.org)
It is thought to affect as many as one in ten thousand people and is estimated to cause 15% of all unexplained sudden cardiac deaths in young people. (wikipedia.org)
In a third of those affected, the first manifestation of the disease may be cardiac arrest, potentially leading to sudden death. (wikipedia.org)
For example, electrical alternans related to the T wave (ie, T wave alternans) has shown its potential value in cardiac risk stratification and prediction of sudden cardiac death. (medscape.com)
This heterogeneity manifests as T-wave alternans, which is increasingly being utilized for risk stratification of sudden cardiac death (see the discussion in the Workup section under Other tests ). (medscape.com)
Among evidence considered by the 2019 inquiry were "molecular autopsies" on the two female Folbigg children - one of whom died at 10 months and the other at 18 months - which found they had genetic mutations that predispose to sudden cardiac death. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unexpected death due to cardiac causes that occurs in a short time period (generally within 1 hour of symptom onset) in a person with known or unknown cardiac disease. (medscape.com)
Interplay of various risk factors that can lead to sudden cardiac death. (medscape.com)
In general, advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines should be followed in all cases of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). (medscape.com)

From myocyte isolation to data acquisition, analysis, and post-analysis plotting, Dr. Michiel Helmes and Dr. Diederik Kuster demonstrate best practices and new techniques in high-content, higher throughput investigations of excitation-contraction coupling in isolated cardiomyocytes. (insidescientific.com)
During this 60 minute live webinar, Michiel Helmes and Diederik Kuster deliver a comprehensive how-to demonstration of higher throughput excitation-contraction coupling investigations with isolated cardiomyocytes. (insidescientific.com)
Cardiomyocytes rely on a highly specialized subcellular architecture to maintain normal cardiac function. (duke.edu)
We utilized the cellular model to study effects of the electromechanical coupling between cardiomyocytes in a 1D heterogeneous muscle strand formed of 90% of normal (N) cardiomyocytes and 10% of sub-critical (SC) cardiomyocytes with decreased Na + -K + pump activity. (icgbio.ru)
Single SC‑cardiomyocytes did not demonstrate spontaneous activity during isometric contractions at a reference length. (icgbio.ru)
Moreover, such ectopic zone may expand by capturing normal regions in myocardium via the electro-mechanical coupling between cardiomyocytes. (icgbio.ru)

That signal's gotta start somewhere, so some of these cells, called pacemaker cells , have the responsibility of setting the rhythm and the pace of the heartbeat. (osmosis.org)
In the heart, they are generated by specialized cell structures called pacemaker cells , which use them to control the rhythmic contraction of muscles. (osmosis.org)

The regulation of cardiomyocyte contractility is a typical example of the lab's focus on the relevance of G protein signaling regulation by RGS proteins in excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms in organ systems of the general circulation. (case.edu)
The mechanisms of cellular excitability and propagation of electrical signals in the cardiac muscle are very important functionally and pathologically. (bvsalud.org)
Understanding the mechanisms that underlie normal and abnormal rhythms of the heart at various scales, from the molecular and cellular to the whole organ. (ox.ac.uk)
Especially, the modelling of the ionic mechanisms underlying excitation-contraction coupling, genetic disorders in ion channels, and drug response in human. (ox.ac.uk)
Professor Efimov is the Director of Cardiovascular Engineering Laboratory, an NIH-funded cardiovascular research and engineering laboratory, which focusses on the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease and on development of novel therapies for heart diseases with emphasis on heart rhythm disorders. (jove.com)

Combining biochemical and biophysical techniques with in vivo and in vitro measurements of cardiac/cardiomyocyte function, he aims to elucidate the still elusive HCM pathophysiology. (insidescientific.com)
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) are Ca2+-mobilizing messengers important for modulating cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and pathophysiology. (ox.ac.uk)

RGS proteins fine-tune these signaling cascades to maintain normal cardiac rhythm. (case.edu)

Excitation-contraction coupling in striated muscle requires proper communication of plasmalemmal voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ release channels on sarcoplasmic reticulum within junctional membrane complexes. (duke.edu)

Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells. (idrblab.net)
DO2 depends on the amount of blood pumped per minute, or cardiac output (CO), and the arterial oxygen content of that blood (CaO2). (medscape.com)

Considering that reduced atrial contractile function is a predictor of poAF and that Ca2+ plays an important role in both excitation-contraction coupling and atrial arrhythmogenesis, this study aims to test whether alterations of intracellular Ca2+ handling contribute to impaired atrial contractility and to the arrhythmogenic substrate predisposing patients to poAF. (nih.gov)

Functional states of the sodium channel (closed, open, and inactivated) and their structure help to understand the cardiac regulation processes. (bvsalud.org)
Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm. (idrblab.net)
Regulation of cardiac function by cAMP nanodomains. (ox.ac.uk)
The CRT-induced "reverse molecular remodeling" in responders patients is related to an increase in the expression of genes involved in the regulation of excitation-contraction coupling and a reversal in the isoforms switching of the contractile genes [ 9 ] ultimately leading to remodeling effects and improving of myocardial performance. (hindawi.com)

How does the shape of the cardiac action potential control calcium signaling and contraction in the heart? (osmosis.org)

AIMS:Transverse tubules (TTs) provide the basic subcellular structures that facilitate excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the essential process that underlies normal cardiac contractility. (duke.edu)

However, those with CPVT may develop a less serious heart rhythm disturbance called atrial fibrillation, which can be detected on examination as an irregular pulse. (wikipedia.org)
Right atrial appendages were obtained from patients in sinus rhythm undergoing open-heart surgery. (nih.gov)
[ 22 , 23 ] Cardiac memory of the preceding cycle lengths, a property known as hysteresis, plays a role in perpetuating alternans even after normalization of the heart rate. (medscape.com)
Calcium is critical to something called excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Emerging roles of junctophilin-2 in the heart and implications for cardiac diseases. (duke.edu)
He is also a Fellow of the American Heart Association (1999) and the Heart Rhythm Society (2010). (mirm-pitt.net)
Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. (idrblab.net)
These observations support generation of NAADP and cADPR by intracellular CD38, which contributes to effects of β-adrenoreceptor stimulation to increase both Ca2+ transients and the tendency to disturb heart rhythm. (ox.ac.uk)
Heart rhythm. (elsevierpure.com)
Dr. Efimov is Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors, the American Institute for Medical & Biological Engineering, the Heart Rhythm Society, the American Heart Association, etc. (jove.com)
From Heart Rhythm 2011;8:915-922. (pedicardiology.net)
This eventually leads to the contraction of the heart and pumps blood around our bodies. (osmosis.org)
Any heart disorder, including congenital abnormalities of structure (eg, accessory atrioventricular connection) or function (eg, hereditary ion channelopathies), can disturb rhythm. (msdmanuals.com)
AV nodal transmission time is heart-rate-dependent and is modulated by autonomic tone and circulating catecholamines to maximize cardiac output at any given atrial rate. (msdmanuals.com)

Human cardiac muscle. (cosmosmagazine.com)
7-9 Specifically, I Ca,L , as with most other ion currents in mammals, displays considerably larger amplitudes at higher than at lower temperature in human cardiac cells. (asahq.org)

Excitation spread along the tissue via electro-diffusional cell coupling followed by cell contractions and force development in the fiber. (icgbio.ru)

Afterwards, he switched to the department of Physiology as a postdoc to focus on the function of cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C). Combining biochemistry, mass-spectrometry and muscle mechanics, he identified a novel phosphorylation site on cMyBP-C, which was phosphorylated by GSK3β, and which increased the kinetics of contraction. (insidescientific.com)

LH potentials consisted of a low-frequency deflection followed by a high-frequency deflection during sinus rhythm or anterior septal pacing. (pdfkul.com)

Chronic diclofenac exposure increases mitochondrial oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, and cardiac dysfunction. (nih.gov)
In selected patients affected by HF and severe dysfunction of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), with left bundle brunch block, the cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT) is the treatment of choice to improve symptoms, NYHA class, and quality of life. (hindawi.com)
Lack of FKBP12 is known to result in lethal cardiac dysfunction in mouse. (biomedcentral.com)

6. Understand the mechanism of the ectopic rhythm. (drbeen.com)
7.How to identify the ectopic rhythm? (drbeen.com)

In the last 40 years, over 20% of drugs discontinued at all phases of development, including discovery, preclinical and clinical evaluation, and post-market surveillance has been due to cardiac toxicity, where unintended interactions with cardiac ion channels result in pro-arrhythmic effects 4 . (nature.com)

For every heartbeat, each cardiac muscle cell receives electrical impulse initiated and propagated from the sinoatrial node for membrane depolarization to trigger calcium influx and additional calcium release from internal stores, that together initiate contraction. (case.edu)

The rate and intensity of the contraction is moderated by catecholamines that act through G protein-coupled b-adrenergic receptors. (case.edu)

Watch to understand how cardiac slices and the IonOptix Cardiac Slice System can be used to complement and improve upon traditional cardiac investigations. (insidescientific.com)

CPVT is caused by genetic mutations affecting proteins that regulate the concentrations of calcium within cardiac muscle cells. (wikipedia.org)
After his PhD studying titin mechanics in cardiac muscle with Dr. Granzier, he has kept various academic appointments, at Boston University, the University of Oxford, and now the VU University Medical center in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (insidescientific.com)
There are areas in the cardiac muscle with anatomical and functional differentiation that present automatism, thus subjecting the rest of the fibers to their own rhythm. (bvsalud.org)
Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine. (idrblab.net)
The classic MH crisis is caused primarily by excess calcium availability in the skeletal muscle cytoplasm resulting in excessive muscle contraction and hypermetabolism. (malignanthyperthermia.org.au)

Suppression of inflammation and fibrosis using soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors enhances cardiac stem cell-based therapy. (nih.gov)

In patients under optimal medical therapy with moderate to severe HF and cardiac dyssynchrony, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with a defibrillator improves contractile function and reverse ventricular remodeling, ameliorating symptoms, quality of life (QoL), and clinical outcomes [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
In fact, in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with CRT (MADIT-CRT) and the Cardiac Resynchronization-HF (CARE-HF), the mean age of enrolled patients was 65 and 66.4, respectively [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cardiac L-type calcium currents (ICa,L) are affected by volatile anesthetics, possibly contributing to their side effects. (asahq.org)

Depending on which ion is the culprit, a hierarchy of effects happen, some of them lethal changes to the heart's rhythm. (cosmosmagazine.com)

This intervention limits neurologic injury associated with brain ischemia during a cardiac arrest and reperfusion injury associated with resuscitation. (medscape.com)

Communication is not a transmission of information, but rather a coordination of behavior among living organisms through Mutual Structural Coupling. (wyrdweb.eu)

0.05) dilation of the left ventricle, and reduction in ejection fraction compared to sham operated rats ( n = 4) on 7 T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. (frontiersin.org)

If the excitation wave spread from SC- to N-region, the SC-cells developed delayed after-dеpolarizations (DAD) that caused a slowly developing beat-to-beat decrease in the force of fiber contraction. (icgbio.ru)
If the excitation spread in opposite direction, DAD in the SC-cells induced reflected downward excitation waves capturing the normal region and followed by extrasystoles in the whole fiber. (icgbio.ru)

Restoration of cytoplasmic calcium concentration is paramount to normal cellular function so the reuptake of calcium increases via store operated and excitation contraction coupling. (malignanthyperthermia.org.au)

Anatomy4

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes9

Arrhythmia8

Arrhythmias10

Myocytes7

Electrophysiology3

Hypertrophy5

Conduction4

Action Potentials1

Sudden9

Cardiomyocytes6

Pacemaker cells2

Mechanisms5

Pathophysiology2

Maintain normal cardiac1

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum1

Arterial2

Arrhythmogenesis1

Regulation4

Calcium Signaling1

Subcellular1

Heart14

Human cardiac2

Tissue1

Binding protein1

Sinus rhythm1

Dysfunction3

Ectopic2

Toxicity1

Membrane1

Catecholamines1

Slices1

Muscle5

Fibrosis1

Defibrillator2

Currents1

Lethal1

Arrest1

Coordination1

Magnetic1

Cells2

Function1