ProliferationVEGFInflammationCornealUmbilicalAngiogenesisArterialMicrovascularRegulatesForm a semi-permeableEffects on endothelial cellsMature endothelial cellsEndotheliumAtherosclerosisVitroDysfunction of endothelialConclusionsHypoxiaApoptosisMonolayerGlucoseProteinProgenitor CellHumanPathwaysReactive oxygenPhenotypesTumorsAdhesion moleculeMechanismsCapillariesAorticActivationCD31FibroblastsPeripheralHyperglycemiaPlay a crucial roleInducesAntigensSitu hybridizationDiseasesMiRNAsAntibodyThrombosisHypoxicTranscriptomicsEpithelialStem cellCuesSignificantlyDensityGenesDifferentiateCardiomyocytes
Proliferation20
- In addition, at 48H, BPs linked to inflammatory phenotypes were activated (confirming KEGG results), while BPs linked to extracellular matrix (ECM) structural organisation, endothelial cell proliferation, and collagen metabolism were repressed. (nature.com)
- VEGF, produced in large amounts by cancer cells during tumor growth, interacts with its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 thereby causing endothelial cell survival, proliferation, and sprouting [7] . (plos.org)
- In this study, in attempt to provide fresh information about the impact of CS on proliferation of EPCs to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of the diseases related to CS in cellular level, we assessed the proliferation of EPCs after interfering the cells with a series of concentrations of CSE for various times of exposure in vitro . (hindawi.com)
- Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. (plos.org)
- Ample evidence shows that pro-atherosclerotic disturbed flow induces sustained activation of atherogenic genes in endothelial cells to promote their oxidation, inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, whereas pulsatile shear stress tends to maintain endothelial cells in a quiescent and less proliferative state with a low level of oxidation and inflammation [16] , [17] . (plos.org)
- The proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) is one important step in the formation of new vessels. (molvis.org)
- Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
- This study showed that YAP upregulation promoted CNV formation by upregulating the proliferation of endothelial cells, providing evidence for the molecular mechanisms of CNV and suggesting a novel molecular target for nAMD treatment. (molvis.org)
- Among them, VEGF-A can promote the division and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and neovascularization and maintain the survival of new vessels. (molvis.org)
- In addition, HREC proliferation, migration and cell sprouting were determined using Cell Counting kit‑8, wound scratch and tube formation assays, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Among the angiogenic mediators, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered to be the main stimulating factor, which acts via promoting the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and thereby stimulates the generation of new blood vessels ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
- BNP also stimulated the proliferation of WT1 + epicardium-derived cells but only in the hypoxic area of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
- The origin of new endothelial cells (i.e. resident or infiltrating) as well as the underlying mechanism leading to their proliferation (partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EndMT] or not) have long been debated. (elifesciences.org)
- The increase in 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells could be dissociated from cell proliferation. (lu.se)
- 4 In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic factor that regulates endothelial survival, proliferation, differentiation, and vascular permeability, and has been shown to be an important candidate for cancer therapy as it is upregulated in many tumors. (beckman.com)
- Thalidomide and bevacizumab, both VEGF inhibitors, were tested for their ability to prevent the formation of circular networks and proliferation of CD31⁺ endothelial AVM cells. (researchgate.net)
- Thalidomide and bevacizumab reduced endothelial AVM cell proliferation. (researchgate.net)
- The monoclonal VEGF antibody bevacizumab alleviates this effect, prevents circular network formation and proliferation of AVM endothelial cells in vitro. (researchgate.net)
- Manifest illness stage (days to weeks postexposure)--The basal layer is repopulated through proliferation of surviving clonogenic cells. (cdc.gov)
VEGF19
- Altogether, by identifying a pro-angiogenic VEGF/miR-101/EZH2 axis in endothelial cells we provide evidence for a functional link between growth factor-mediated signaling, post-transcriptional silencing, and histone-methylation in the angiogenesis process. (plos.org)
- We previously showed that VEGF signaling in primary endothelial cell cultures caused overexpression of VEGFR2 in a positive feed-forward loop, which is at least partly regulated by loss of miRNA-mediated control of VEGF receptor degradation. (plos.org)
- Moreover, we found that glioblastoma cells, notorious for their VEGF production, elicited a similar response when co-cultured with endothelial cells [11] . (plos.org)
- YAP expression increased following laser exposure, in accordance with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. (molvis.org)
- Treatment with 30 mM glucose also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein, and the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein were suppressed by kaempferol (10 and 30 µM). (spandidos-publications.com)
- A study has demonstrated that activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/ERRα pathway increases VEGF expression and angiogenesis in endothelial cells, which suggests that ERRα may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- In response to mechanical stress, VEGF gene and protein expression increased in patient AVM endothelial cells. (researchgate.net)
- Bevacizumab inhibited circular network formation of endothelial AVM cells and lowered VEGF gene and protein expression, even though the cells were exposed to mechanical stress. (researchgate.net)
- Overall, mechanical stress increases VEGF expression in the microenvironment of AVM cells. (researchgate.net)
- Graphical abstract Mechanical stress increases VEGF expression in endothelial AVM cells, possibly causing the VEGF upregulation in the microenvironment of AVM cells. (researchgate.net)
- The most widely studied serum markers for PE, to date, are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF). (hindawi.com)
- VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGFA, VEGF-A), a dimeric ligand, is among the most potent angiogenic mitogens. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- VEGF is secreted by tumor cells and other cells exposed to hypoxia. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- VEGF is a highly specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- The expression of VEGF is potentiated and is secreted by tumor cells in response to hypoxia, by activated oncogenes, and by a variety of cytokines. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Western Blot Analysis: A 1:500 dilution of this antibody detected VEGF on 10 µg of NIH/3T3 cell lysate. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- miR-10 Regulates the Angiogenic Behavior of Zebrafish and Human Endothelial Cells by Promoting VEGF Signaling. (ca.gov)
- We found that miR-10 functions, in part, by directly regulating the level of fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), a cell-surface protein that sequesters VEGF, and its soluble splice variant sFLT1. (ca.gov)
- The increase in FLT1/sFLT1 protein levels upon miR-10 knockdown in zebrafish and in HUVECs inhibited the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells largely by antagonizing VEGF receptor-2 signaling. (ca.gov)
Inflammation8
- Endothelial inflammation increases the adhesiveness of monocytes to the endothelium in addition to increasing vascular permeability, promoting diabetic atherogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Mechanistically, bulk RNA-seq and gene set enrichment analysis of ECs enriched from the aortic arch intima, as well as single cell RNA-seq from atherosclerotic lesions, revealed that endothelial miR-181a2b2 serves as a critical regulatory hub in controlling endothelial inflammation, cell adhesion, cell cycle, and immune response during atherosclerosis. (unl.edu)
- Endothelial miR-181a2b2 deficiency regulates multiple key pathways related to endothelial inflammation, cell adhesion, cell cycle, and immune response involved in the development of atherosclerosis. (unl.edu)
- These cases suggest that diseases associated with endothelial inflammation could be associated with TSPyV infection. (cdc.gov)
- This monolayer of cells is an important endocrine organ, and has been shown to play a major role in regulating blood fluidity, the transfer of solutes and macromolecules, immune responses and inflammation. (beckman.com)
- microRNAs also play a crucial role in endothelial inflammation, senescence and susceptibility to atherosclerosis: endothelial inflammation is critically regulated by miRNAs such as miR-126 and miR-10a, and endothelial aging is additionally controlled by miR-217 and miR-34a [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Reductions in uteroplacental flow initiate a cascade of molecular effects leading to hypoxia, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial cell dysfunction resulting in untoward pregnancy outcomes. (hindawi.com)
- Exposure to radiation can damage the basal cell layer of the skin and result in inflammation, erythema, and dry or moist desquamation. (cdc.gov)
Corneal12
- To investigate corneal endothelial cell change after phacoemulsification with clear cornea incision. (arvojournals.org)
- In a retrospective study, the central corneal endothelial cell morphology of 43 eyes of 43 patients that underwent cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with clear cornea incision was evaluated preoperatively (PREOP) and central and near the incisions peripheral areas were evaluated postoperatively (POSOP) with contact specular microscopy BioOptics. (arvojournals.org)
- We report two cases of aphakia in whom an intraocular lens (IOL) was intrasclerally fixated through the pars plana to minimize further corneal endothelial damage. (karger.com)
- Corneal endothelial cells were preserved after surgery. (karger.com)
- Intrascleral fixation of an IOL through the pars plana effectively minimizes further damage to corneal endothelial cells in select cases. (karger.com)
- Therefore, intrascleral IOL fixation must be performed with utmost care to prevent further damage to the diminished corneal endothelial cells. (karger.com)
- Therefore, we proposed that corneal endothelial cells could be preserved by performing all intraocular manipulations posterior to the iris through a scleral incision at the pars plana, thereby avoiding the cornea. (karger.com)
- Here, we report the successful preservation of corneal endothelial cells using this method in two cases. (karger.com)
- Analysis of factors affecting the quality of donor corneal endothelial cells]. (bvsalud.org)
- The corneal endothelium of the donor corneas was observed using corneal endothelial microscopy to assess corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation, and hexagonal cell ratio (HEX). (bvsalud.org)
- The relationship between these factors and corneal endothelial conditions was analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
- Among the 145 corneas (25.53%) that had their initial corneal endothelial microscopy examination, the images were not clear, and after thorough rewarming , 106 corneas (18.7%) still had unclear images and could not be analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
Umbilical6
- Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
- Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with ginkgolide B. The expression of PXR, CYP3A4, MDR1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and caspase-3 were quantified with qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Thus, umbilical cord blood EPCs hold great therapeutic potential for cell therapy and vascular engineering. (biomedcentral.com)
- EPCs from human umbilical cord and adult peripheral blood activate different mechanisms upon high-dose x-ray radiation treatment: CB-EPCs undergo p53 stabilization, Bax-dependent apoptosis and p21-dependent G 1 and G 2 /M cell cycle checkpoints, while PB-EPCs undergo only radiation-induced senescence [ 13 ], indicating unique gene expression patterns in EPCs of different sources. (biomedcentral.com)
- Studies of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and arterial endothelial cells (HAEC) showed that therapeutically relevant concentrations of MTX phosphorylate AMPKα Thr172 , and induce cytoprotective genes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1). (bmj.com)
- Knockdown of miR-10 led to premature truncation of intersegmental vessel growth (ISV) in the trunk of zebrafish larvae, while overexpression of miR-10 promoted angiogenic behavior in zebrafish and cultured human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs). (ca.gov)
Angiogenesis7
- The results of this study suggest that kaempferol targets ERRα and suppresses the angiogenesis of HRECs under high glucose conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
- During angiogenesis, actin-rich filopodia protrusions have been proposed to drive endothelial tip cell functions by translating guidance cues into directional migration and mediating new contacts during anastomosis. (biologists.com)
- To investigate the structural organisation, dynamics and functional importance of F-actin in endothelial cells (ECs) during angiogenesis in vivo , we generated a transgenic zebrafish line expressing Lifeact-EGFP in ECs. (biologists.com)
- microRNAs have emerged as master regulators of stem cell lineage differentiation and angiogenesis [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
- This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
- Methods and Results: We show that the highly conserved microRNA family encoding miR-10 regulates the behavior of endothelial cells during angiogenesis by positively titrating pro-angiogenic signaling. (ca.gov)
Arterial5
- Cultured human arterial endothelial cells (HAECs) were exposed to hypoxia/deoxygenation (H/R). Cells were also treated with baicalin at serially diluted concentrations. (medscimonit.com)
- This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
- article{e328883f-12c1-4d3a-a8e7-8700ca87f7ac, abstract = {{This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
- Primordial endothelial cells specialize into tissue-specific phenotypes of arterial, venous, hemogenic, and lymphatic subtypes with distinct functions for vascular development. (beckman.com)
- The progressive impairment of endothelial function and integrity starts a cascade of events, leading to microcirculation damage, atherosclerosis and common cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Microvascular6
- This study aims to clarify the time-dependent molecular pathways by which TMAO mediates endothelial dysfunction through transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). (nature.com)
- This complication is a result of multiple pathogenic processes caused by hyperglycemia and the deregulation of insulin signalling pathways, which in turn causes neuro-retinal dysfunction and retinal microvascular degeneration ( 2 , 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- The aim of this study was to assess whether activation of nrf2 by sulforaphane in human microvascular endothelial cells prevents metabolic dysfunction in hyperglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
- RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- Human microvascular HMEC-1 endothelial cells were incubated in low and high glucose concentrations (5 and 30 mmol/l, respectively), and activation of nrf2 was assessed by nuclear translocation. (diabetesjournals.org)
- We have used human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) to study the combined effects of a model air pollutant, diesel exhaust particles (DEP), and oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (ox-PAPC) on genome-wide gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
- Microvascular endothelial cells cultured in three-dimensional hydrogel scaffolds form a network of microvessel structures when implanted subcutaneously in mice, inosculate with host vessels, and over time remodel into large ectatic vascular structures resembling hemangiomas. (cdc.gov)
Regulates2
- This monolayer of cells acts as a barrier to separate the vascular lumen from surrounding tissues and regulates the passage of fluid and nutrients between the two. (beckman.com)
- We show that a microRNA called miR-10 regulates the behavior of endothelial cells during blood vessel formation by encouraging signals that promote blood vessel growth. (ca.gov)
Form a semi-permeable2
- Endothelial cells (ECs) form a semi-permeable monolayer that separates the bloodstream from underlying tissues and regulate the infiltration of blood cells and proteins through the vessel wall ( 1 , 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Endothelial cells form a semi-permeable barrier between the blood and surrounding tissues within all blood vessels in the body. (beckman.com)
Effects on endothelial cells1
- Ginkgolide B exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells via PXR activation, suggesting that a PXR-mediated endothelial detoxification program may be important for protecting endothelial cells from xeno- and endobiotic-induced injuries. (greenmedinfo.com)
Mature endothelial cells1
- One complementary therapy could be 're-activating' vasculogenesis (i.e. the differentiation of precursor cells into mature endothelial cells), a mechanism that occurs in the heart during development but is quiescent in adult hearts. (elifesciences.org)
Endothelium4
- The bone-marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) provide an alternative source of endothelial cells (ECs) that contributes to neovessel formation in endothelium structure [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Yet, endothelium deletion of miR-181a2b2 did not affect body weight, lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory Ly6C low or the pro-inflammatory Ly6C interm and Ly6C high fractions in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators in both bone marrow (BM) and PBMCs. (unl.edu)
- The endothelium contains a myriad of cell surface receptors associated with functions such as immune cell adherence and trafficking, blood clotting, vasodilation, and barrier permeability. (wikipedia.org)
- Endothelial cells (ECs) form the endothelium, a layer of single-cell thickness that coats the interior wall of all blood vessels including arteries, capillaries, and veins. (beckman.com)
Atherosclerosis3
- A number of studies have previously suggested that vascular endothelial dysfunction caused by increased junctional permeability is a key event in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Using a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)-induced atherosclerosis mouse model, we demonstrated that endothelial cell (EC)-specific deletion of miR-181a2b2 significantly promoted atherosclerotic lesion formation, cell adhesion molecule expression, and the influx of lesional macrophages in the vessel wall. (unl.edu)
- Since endothelial dysfunction precedes overt atherosclerosis, investigating the ability of drugs to activate cytoprotective signalling pathways that prevent or reverse endothelial dysfunction is an attractive research strategy. (bmj.com)
Vitro8
- In vitro , the sprouting and migratory properties of primary endothelial cell cultures were reduced by inhibiting EZH2 through up-regulation of miR-101, siRNA-mediated knockdown of EZH2, or treatment with 3-Deazaneplanocin-A (DZNep), a small molecule inhibitor of EZH2 methyltransferase activity. (plos.org)
- Therefore, we investigated the effects of patients' sera on endothelia cells (ECs) in vitro. (mdpi.com)
- The method of stimulating isolated cells with CSE in vitro has been explored and frequently applied to determine the direct causes in the relationships between cigarette smoking and cellular functions [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
- To study the migration of microglia across the BBB, we developed an in vitro co-culture system of mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) and Ra2 microglia using Transwell inserts. (portlandpress.com)
- The present study aimed to examine the effect of kaempferol on high glucose‑induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
- EPC number was assessed in in vitro cultures by fluorescent staining of attached cells. (ku.dk)
- These results suggest that the epithelial-fibroblast co-culture system may be more reflective of the fibrotic disease state instead of monoculture systems, and may allow us to further elucidate the mechanism of MWCNT-induced fibrosis in vitro. (cdc.gov)
- With promising in vitro results, bevacizumab was used to treat three patients with unresectable AVMs or to prevent regrowth after incomplete resection. (researchgate.net)
Dysfunction of endothelial2
- When the regulatory balance is adversely affected, dysfunction of endothelial cells may occur. (spandidos-publications.com)
- A decrease in the number and dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) may increase the risk for progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). (ku.dk)
Conclusions1
- CONCLUSIONS- We conclude that activation of nrf2 may prevent biochemical dysfunction and related functional responses of endothelial cells induced by hyperglycemia in which increased expression of transketolase has a pivotal role. (diabetesjournals.org)
Hypoxia3
- As a result of vascular changes and the resultant hypoxia, irradiated fields have a decreased capacity to fight infection. (medscape.com)
- Studies have shown that endothelial cells (ECs) are the direct targets of hypoxia and are involved in the pathogenesis process of HPH leading to cell hyperproliferation, inhibition of apoptosis and plexiform intima injuries (Ranchoux et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- EPCs from CB expressed abundant genes involved in cell cycle, hypoxia signalling and blood vessel development, correlating with the phenotypes that CB-EPCs proliferated more rapidly, migrated faster, and formed tubule structure more efficiently. (biomedcentral.com)
Apoptosis7
- Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. (medscimonit.com)
- PKCδ-siRNA transfection increased cell viabilities and reduced cell apoptosis in HAECs exposed to H/R. Baicalin treatment preserved cell viabilities and reduced apoptosis of H/R-exposed HAECs in a concentration- dependent manner. (medscimonit.com)
- Baicalin treatment reduced phosphorylation levels of PKCδ and p53, as well as the expression levels of active caspase3 and bax in HAECs exposed to H/R. The treatment of PKC activator PEP005 impaired the protective effects of baicalin in increasing cell viabilities and reducing apoptosis in HAECs exposed to H/R. (medscimonit.com)
- Baicalin exerts vascular a protective effect on HAECs exposed to H/R by reducing cell apoptosis. (medscimonit.com)
- Cell apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Furthermore, MTX protected against glucose deprivation-induced endothelial apoptosis. (bmj.com)
- This damage may cause immediate cell death, prevent proliferating cells from dividing, or induce apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Monolayer5
- The addition of microglia or ATP led to the disruption of the MBEC monolayer and significantly decreased barrier function as measured by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). (portlandpress.com)
- In conclusion, we offer evidence that microglia migration across the brain endothelial cell monolayer is increased in the presence of ATP in a manner that involves MMP secretion. (portlandpress.com)
- Vascular endothelial cells, as a monolayer in direct contact with the flowing blood, bear the most of the wall shear stresses and have important homeostatic functions in response to stress [16] . (plos.org)
- Furthermore, monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer was significantly increased by oxLDL treatment under HG conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Subsequently, rosmarinic acid treatment significantly reversed oxLDL‑induced overexpression of adhesion molecules and monocyte‑EC adhesion, oxLDL‑induced endothelial junction hyperpermeability and monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer under HG conditions, in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
Glucose3
- RT‑qPCR and western blotting results showed that treatment with 30 mM glucose for 12, 24 and 48 h increased the expression level of estrogen‑related receptor α (ERRα) mRNA and protein. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Endothelial dysfunction during diabetes has been previously reported to be at least in part attributed to increased oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels mediated by high glucose (HG) levels. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Endothelial dysfunction during diabetes is closely associated with increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels mediated by high glucose (HG) conditions ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Protein12
- ECs were treated with oxLDL under HG conditions in the presence or absence of ROS scavengers mitoTEMPO and NAC, p38 inhibitor SB203580, FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 or transfected with the TXNIP siRNA, before protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM‑1), phosphorylated vascular endothelial‑cadherin (VE‑cadhedrin), VE‑cadherin and zonula occludens‑1 (ZO‑1) were measured by western blotting. (spandidos-publications.com)
- In addition, oxLDL‑stimulated ECs under HG conditions exhibited increased phosphorylated VE‑cadherin protein levels and decreased ZO‑1 protein expression levels compared with those in untreated ECs, suggesting increased endothelial permeability. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Schlemm's canal cell isolates reacted with antibodies specific for CD44 (hyaluron receptor), CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1, ICAM-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator, and TM-inducible glucocorticoid-responsive protein-myocilin (TIGR-MYOC). (nih.gov)
- Unlike TM cells, however, TIGR-MYOC protein was not induced in SC cells after long-term dexamethasone treatment. (nih.gov)
- Cells were also treated with PKC activator PEP005 or specific siRNA against protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ). (medscimonit.com)
- Ginkgolide B (30-300μmol/L) did not change the mRNA and protein levels of PXR in the cells, but dose-dependently increased nuclear translocation of PXR protein. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Qin R , Zhu H , Wang F , Song M , Lin P , Xing Y , Zhang W , Zhong M , Wang Z , . Platelet activation in diabetic mice models: the role of vascular endothelial cell-derived protein disulfide isomerase-mediated GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation. (aging-us.com)
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the release of Endothelial microparticle (EMP)-associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) after endothelial cell injury induced in diabetes and the changes in platelet activation. (aging-us.com)
- In response to the virus production in the cell, the host cell can release a protein such as cytokine like interferon (IFN) that will signal for an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
- TMPRSS2 is needed to cleave the spike protein for viral fusion to cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Injury to endothelial cells by lipid-soluble smoke particles or ultraviolet light, which reduced total cellular protein by 15-25%, enhanced the endothelial cell release of the substances stimulating 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake. (lu.se)
- Genetic experiments in zebrafish revealed that miR-10 functions, in part, by directly regulating the level of a protein called FLT1, which inhibits the behavior of endothelial cells that promotes new blood vessel growth. (ca.gov)
Progenitor Cell1
- We have shown that chronic inflammatory disease impacts endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) biology, through reducing their circulating numbers and by impairing their function. (rug.nl)
Human17
- We determine a comprehensive map of lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq. (nature.com)
- Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is an important tumor suppressor in the development of various human cancers [1] and inhibits translation rather than transcription. (plos.org)
- The current objective was to develop a technique for selective isolation and culture of endothelial cells from human SC. (nih.gov)
- Cannulation of SC with gelatin-coated suture material is an effective method for the isolation of human SC cells and provides a cellular model to study the potential role of SC cells in aqueous humor outflow function. (nih.gov)
- Fluorescently labeled human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells) were used to examine cell adhesion. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Endothelial cells are found in various tissue types such as in the capillaries, veins, and arteries in the human body. (wikipedia.org)
- As endothelial cells line these blood vessels and critical networks that extend access to various human organ systems, the virus entry into these cells can be detrimental to virus spread across the host system and affect clinical course of disease. (wikipedia.org)
- We are currently exploring the extent to which the non-neuronal pathologies described in animal models are also seen in human post-mortem material and are using cellular models to determine the vulnerabilities of SMA cells to hypoxic environments. (abdn.ac.uk)
- A recent study provided evidence that pyroptosis is involved in the inflammatory process of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) in HPH (Zhang et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
- In this study, we assessed the effects of pristine MWCNT at an occupationally relevant dose on fibroblasts grown in a transwell co-culture system of apical Beas-2B human bronchial epithelial cells and basolateral WI-38 normal human lung fibroblasts. (cdc.gov)
- However, acute xenograft rejection (AXR), driven by immune cell activation,continues to be a barrier in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. (iupui.edu)
- NK cell tolerance occurs naturally in utero where human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E and HLA-G are present. (iupui.edu)
- Expressing HLA-E/G in xenografts may provide immune protection from human NK cell cytotoxicity. (iupui.edu)
- Methods: This study aims to demonstrate the use of HLA class I molecules in inducing human NK cell tolerance. (iupui.edu)
- Genetically modified pECs were co-cultured with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for E:T ratio of 10:1 for 2 hours. (iupui.edu)
- Conclusion and Impacts: Co-expression of HLA-E and HLA-G in 5GKO pECs significantly reduced human NK cell degranulation, compared to 5GKO.HLA-E, 5GKO.HLA-G, and 5GKO pECs. (iupui.edu)
Pathways2
- Various signaling pathways control the behavior of endothelial cells-the cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels. (ca.gov)
- Various signaling pathways control the behavior of endothelial cells, but their post-transcriptional dose-titration by miRNAs is poorly understood. (ca.gov)
Reactive oxygen2
- Cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were also evaluated. (nature.com)
- Adverse stimuli such as pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines or reactive oxygen species, induce endothelial injury and dysfunction. (rug.nl)
Phenotypes1
- Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
Tumors1
- Although PDCD4 in general suppresses the development and progression of tumors, its specific biological functions differ by cell type [8] . (plos.org)
Adhesion molecule2
- Moreover, ginkgolide B suppressed TNF-α-induced THP-1 cell adhesion and TNF-α-induced expression of vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin in the cells, which was also reversed by transfection with PXR siRNA. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin is a strictly endothelial-specific adhesion molecule that can control the permeability of the blood vessel wall. (scienceopen.com)
Mechanisms7
- Recently, endothelial dysfunction (ED) has been demonstrated in these patients, but the mechanisms remain elusive. (mdpi.com)
- Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in oxLDL‑induced endothelial permeability and monocyte diapedesis under HG conditions, in addition to the potential effects of rosmarinic acid. (spandidos-publications.com)
- The recently disclosed plasticity properties of adult-derived stem cells, their ability to be reprogrammed by defined factors into pluripotent stem cells and the comprehension of "epi"-genetic mechanisms underlying stem cells differentiation process has opened unexpected avenues to attempt regeneration of tissues affected by degenerative disorders and prompted the birth of the new "regenerative medicine" concept. (mpi.nl)
- Understanding the mechanisms of how viruses attach, enter, and control endothelial functions and host responses inform infectious disease understanding and medical countermeasures. (wikipedia.org)
- Once the virus is anchored to the cell surface, virus uptake typically occurs using host mechanisms such as endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Other cell mechanisms are also at the different subcellular levels. (wikipedia.org)
- However, the role of other cell types and cellular communication in the mechanisms of MWCNT-induced fibrosis needs further study. (cdc.gov)
Capillaries2
- During the new blood vessel formation process, capillaries are formed when endothelial cells are stimulated to migrate, proliferate and invade the surrounding tissues ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- The malformations have a normal endothelial cell growth cycle that affects the veins, the capillaries, or the lymphatics, and they do not involute. (medscape.com)
Aortic1
- En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
Activation7
- Activation of the VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and expression of blood vascular endothelial cell (BEC) markers, such as NRP1 and EphrinB2, further differentiate these precursor cells into BECs, which then form the hierarchical network of blood vessels 4 . (nature.com)
- In a previous study, it was reported that oxLDL treatment induced nucleotide‑binding domain and leucine‑rich repeat containing family, pyrin domain‑containing 3 inflammasome activation in endothelial cells (ECs) under HG conditions, in a manner that could be effectively reversed by rosmarinic acid. (spandidos-publications.com)
- The effects of oxLDL‑mediated inflammasome activation on endothelial permeability under HG conditions, in addition to the effects of rosmarinic acid on these oxLDL‑mediated processes, also remain poorly understood. (spandidos-publications.com)
- RESULTS- Activation of nrf2 by sulforaphane induced nuclear translocation of nrf2 and increased ARE-linked gene expression, for example, three- to fivefold increased expression of transketolase and glutathione reductase. (diabetesjournals.org)
- There are a multitude of endothelial cell features that influence cell tropism and ultimately, contribute to endothelial cell activation and dysfunction as well as the continuation of the virus life cycle. (wikipedia.org)
- Pyroptosis, a novel form of proinflammatory programmed cell death, is mainly dependent on the activation of caspase-1 or caspase-11 in inflammasomes (Shi et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- Interestingly, experimental activation of glycolysis results in decreased intraembryonic hematopoiesis. (lu.se)
CD312
- Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)
- Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in CNV mice without or with YAP siRNA intravitreal injection and the colocalization of PCNA and CD31 were measured with western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining, respectively. (molvis.org)
Fibroblasts1
- To address the impact of cell-to-cell communication between the epithelium and underlying fibroblasts on pulmonary fibrosis, we first measured chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) concentrations by ELISA in monoculture and co-culture conditioned media. (cdc.gov)
Peripheral1
- In fact, they unpredictably indicated modest, yet significant, clinical benefits in patients compared to the outstanding results using stem cells in animal models of ischemic heart and peripheral disease. (mpi.nl)
Hyperglycemia1
- Chronic metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, promote endothelial dysfunction and eventually leakage, resulting in increased monocyte diapedesis ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Play a crucial role1
- It is well established that endothelial cells (EC) play a crucial role in vascular physiology. (rug.nl)
Induces1
- TMAO treatment for either 24H or 48H induces reduced cell viability and enhanced oxidative stress. (nature.com)
Antigens1
- Morphology, growth characteristics, and expression of endothelial surface antigens and other cellular markers were evaluated. (nih.gov)
Situ hybridization3
- We detected TSPyV RNA in tissue specimens by in situ hybridization, which revealed localization to endothelial cells. (cdc.gov)
- For negative in situ hybridization controls, we used tissue specimens from patients with Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive Merkel cell carcinoma and BK polyomavirus nephropathy and a T-cell lymphoma tissue microarray that included 1 case of Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive T-cell lymphoma. (cdc.gov)
- The expression levels of FENDRR in hypoxic pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were detected by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (biomedcentral.com)
Diseases2
- Endothelial dysfunction is a critical initiating factor contributing to cardiovascular diseases, involving the gut microbiome-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). (nature.com)
- Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to neovascularization and play an important role in the development of these diseases. (hindawi.com)
MiRNAs1
- however, the cell-autonomous roles for endothelial-expressing microRNAs (miRNAs) are poorly understood in this process. (unl.edu)
Antibody1
- Transfected cells were stained with HLA-E and/or HLA-G antibody. (iupui.edu)
Thrombosis1
- This virus-induced endothelial responses can lead to thrombosis, congestion, and microangiopathy. (wikipedia.org)
Hypoxic2
- The formation of new vessels in the hypoxic area restores blood flow, provides oxygen and nutriments to the surviving cells, and promotes the migration and engraftment of new cells. (elifesciences.org)
- Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death involved in the pathophysiological progression of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptomics2
- Single-cell transcriptomics shows that during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, Ncx1 −/− cells fail to. (lu.se)
- Single-cell transcriptomics shows that during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, Ncx1 −/− cells fail to undergo a glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation metabolic switch present in wild-type cells. (lu.se)
Epithelial2
- Our cases comprised 1 patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma involving the brain (case 1), 1 patient with meningioma (case 2), and 1 patient with a metastatic perivascular epithelial cell tumor involving the liver ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
- Supporting proteome analyses confirmed that organic PM extracts induce a hierarchical oxidative stress response in macrophages and epithelial cells, in which the induction of electrophile-response element (EpRE) regulated genes (for example, heme oxygenase 1, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) at lower levels of oxidative stress prevented the more damaging pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects seen at higher levels of oxidative stress [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cell3
- These include lifestyle and risk factor-associated modifications of the stem cell biological activity, but also procedural problems in the translation of cells from bench to bedside. (mpi.nl)
- The present review will cover light and shaded areas in the cardiovascular cellular therapy field, and will discuss about recent advances and related patents designed to enhance efficiency of stem cell therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease. (mpi.nl)
- Blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) represent the "promoters" of vascular repair providing the rationale for autologous stem cell therapy [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cues2
- These results reveal that the induction of tip cells and the integration of endothelial guidance cues do not require filopodia. (biologists.com)
- In this thesis we investigated how local environmental cues dictate endothelial plasticity. (rug.nl)
Significantly3
- It was demonstrated that endothelial cell-released non-dialysable (molecular weight cut off 12-14000) substances significantly stimulated 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells. (lu.se)
- CCL2 levels were significantly elevated in the basolateral chamber of MWCNT-exposed cells in co-culture, without similar changes in WI-38 monoculture or unexposed WI-38 grown in the co-culture system. (cdc.gov)
- Methods/results In the (NZW×BXSB)F 1 murine model of inflammatory vasculopathy, MTX 1 mg/kg/week significantly reduced intramyocardial vasculopathy and attenuated end-organ damage. (bmj.com)
Density4
- Schlemm's canal cells endocytosed low-density lipoprotein and acetylated low-density lipoprotein, and in the presence of Matrigel organized into multicellular tubelike structures. (nih.gov)
- In addition, the receptor density on the surface of the endothelial cell also affects how efficiently the virus enters the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
- For instance, a lower cell surface receptor density may render an endothelial cell less susceptible for virus infection than an endothelial with a higher cell surface receptor density. (wikipedia.org)
- However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells were not stimulated. (lu.se)
Genes1
- 5-gene-knock-out (5GKO) porcine endothelial cells (pECs) were transfected with HLA-E and HLA-G genes. (iupui.edu)
Differentiate2
- During development, the blood vascular system arises from endothelial cell progenitors that differentiate from mesodermal cells, mostly through the expression of the transcription factor (TF) ETV2. (nature.com)
- Our results demonstrated that these immature cells have a natural capacity to differentiate into endothelial cells in infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
Cardiomyocytes1
- Vascular endothelial cell (EC)-derived factors play an important role in endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk and could save cardiomyocytes (CMs) from injury. (mdpi.com)