This framework is designed to simulate realistic scanpaths for dynamic real-world scenes, including saccade timing and smooth pursuit behavior. (bvsalud.org)
Catch-up saccades4
The pursuit of targets moving with velocities of greater than 30°/s tends to require catch-up saccades. (wikipedia.org)
Smooth pursuit is asymmetric: most humans and primates tend to be better at horizontal than vertical smooth pursuit, as defined by their ability to pursue smoothly without making catch-up saccades. (wikipedia.org)
For humans, visual tracking of moving stimuli often triggers catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit. (eneuro.org)
The mechanism by which the brain decides when to trigger discrete catch-up saccades during continuous smooth pursuit has eluded researchers for decades. (eneuro.org)
Initial acceleration2
Saccadic eye movements differ from the smooth pursuit component by their very high initial acceleration and deceleration, and peak velocity. (wikipedia.org)
The latency of the step-ramp smooth pursuit in the blink condition was found to be decreased by 10 ms, which was less than in the gap condition (38 ms). However, the initial acceleration and steady-state velocity of smooth pursuit did not differ in the three conditions. (uni-luebeck.de)
Saccades and pursuit3
In order to address this question we tested blinks elicited before the target onset of saccades and pursuit and compared the results to the gap effect: if a fixation light is extinguished for several hundred milliseconds, the reaction time (latency) for subsequent saccades or smooth pursuit eye movements is decreased. (uni-luebeck.de)
Our results add support for a common and shared sensorimotor process for saccades and pursuit. (eneuro.org)
Consequently, our current understanding describes saccades and pursuit as two outcomes of a synergistic sensorimotor process, sharing sensory inputs, anatomic pathways, and functional regulation ( Orban de Xivry and Lefèvre, 2007 ). (eneuro.org)
Movements7
Pursuit differs from the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which only occurs during movements of the head and serves to stabilize gaze on a stationary object. (wikipedia.org)
There are two basic methods for recording smooth pursuit eye movements, and eye movement in general. (wikipedia.org)
A region of cortex in the frontal lobe, known as the frontal pursuit area, responds to particular vectors of pursuit, and can be electrically stimulated to induce pursuit movements. (wikipedia.org)
Visual motion drives smooth pursuit eye movements through a sensory-motor decoder that uses multiple parallel neural pathways to transform the population response in extrastriate area MT into movement. (bvsalud.org)
The successful decoder reproduces the measured eye movements by multiplication of 1) the estimate of target speed from the peak of the population response with 2) visual-motor gain based on the amplitude of the population response. (bvsalud.org)
Foveal tracking of moving objects in the environment is accomplished by smooth pursuit eye movements. (eneuro.org)
Thus, accurate tracking requires a synergistic coordination of saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements to overcome retinal position and velocity mismatches, respectively. (eneuro.org)
Lisberger1
The sensory inputs of pursuit were thought to consist only of velocity and acceleration ( Krauzlis and Lisberger, 1994b ). (eneuro.org)
Steady-state1
Our strategy was to determine how reduced dot coherence changes the population response in MT. We then predicted the properties of a decoder that transforms the MT population response into dot coherence-induced deficits in the initiation of pursuit and steady-state tracking. (bvsalud.org)
Horizontal5
Horizontal step-ramp smooth pursuit of 20 deg/s was elicited in one session, or 5 deg horizontal visually guided saccades in another experimental session. (uni-luebeck.de)
Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit were normal, while upward saccades were slightly hypermetric ( Fig. 2A ). (e-rvs.org)
Video head impulse tests recorded slightly early acceleration for right horizontal canal ( Fig. 2B ). (e-rvs.org)
Eye tracking does not reach adult maturity until mid-adolescence, with a developmental asymmetry in that horizontal smooth pursuit develops earlier than vertical smooth pursuit (Salman, Sharpe, Lillakas, Dennis, & Steinbach, 2006). (openedition.org)
Velocity6
The neurons of the pons are tuned to eye velocity and are directionally selective, and can be stimulated to change the velocity of pursuit. (wikipedia.org)
These neurons code for the target velocity and are responsible for the particular velocity profile of pursuit. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The cerebellum, especially the vestibulo-cerebellum, is also involved in the online correction of velocity during pursuit. (wikipedia.org)
Open-loop pursuit is the visual system's first response to a moving object we want to track and typically lasts ~100 ms. Therefore, this stage is ballistic: Visual signals have not yet had time to correct the ongoing pursuit velocity or direction. (wikipedia.org)
This stage is characterized by the online correction of pursuit velocity to compensate for retinal slip. (wikipedia.org)
In other words, the pursuit system tries to null retinal velocity of the object of interest. (wikipedia.org)
Humans1
Most humans are also better at downward than upward pursuit. (wikipedia.org)
Neural1
The neural circuitry underlying smooth pursuit is an object of debate. (wikipedia.org)
Describes1
In the scientific study of vision, smooth pursuit describes a type of eye movement in which the eyes remain fixated on a moving object. (wikipedia.org)
Peak1
During pursuit initiation, decreased dot coherence reduces MT population response amplitude without changing the preferred speed at its peak. (bvsalud.org)
Signals1
The latency reduction of smooth pursuit, but not of saccades, may neither be explained by the brief pupil occlusion nor by visual suppression, warning signals, or the startle response. (uni-luebeck.de)
Trials2
In one-third of the trials (smooth pursuit or saccades) the fixation light was extinguished for 200 ms before stimulus onset (gap condition), and in another third of the trials reflexive blinks were elicited by a short airpuff before the stimulus onset (blink condition). (uni-luebeck.de)
in our data, this resulted in longer saccade trigger times and more smooth trials without saccades. (eneuro.org)
Separately1
Stimulus direction and the three conditions were randomized for saccades and smooth pursuit separately. (uni-luebeck.de)
Targets1
For instance, during the close loop phase selective attention is coupled to the pursuit target such that untracked targets which move in the same direction with the target are poorly processed by the visual system. (wikipedia.org)
Target3
The first step towards the initiation of pursuit is to see a moving target. (wikipedia.org)
These two areas are likely involved in providing the "go"-signal to initiate pursuit, as well as selecting which target to track. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, a loose coupling of open loop pursuit and attention was suggested, when there is only one possible moving target. (wikipedia.org)
Motion2
The processing of motion in this area is necessary for smooth pursuit responses. (wikipedia.org)
We evaluated the decoder by challenging pursuit in monkeys with reduced motion reliability created by reducing coherence of motion in patches of dots. (bvsalud.org)
Visual feedback1
Pursuit is modified by ongoing visual feedback. (wikipedia.org)
Movement3
Recent evidence suggests that the superior colliculus also responds during smooth pursuit eye movement. (wikipedia.org)
Pursuit eye movement can be divided into two stages: open-loop pursuit and closed-loop pursuit. (wikipedia.org)
The second stage of pursuit, closed-loop pursuit, lasts until the pursuit movement has ceased. (wikipedia.org)
Effects1
The goals of these studies are to discover new nonlinear effects, determine thresholds in constitutive equations separating qualitatively different responses, treat control problems involving ""smart"" materials, examine important kinds of instabilities, contribute to the theory of shocks and dissipative mechanisms in solids, and develop new methods of nonlinear analysis and of effective computation for problems of solid mechanics. (umd.edu)
Properties1
As a consequence, the properties of saccades and smooth pursuit were studied independently. (eneuro.org)
Saccades2
The pursuit of targets moving with velocities of greater than 30°/s tends to require catch-up saccades. (wikipedia.org)
Smooth pursuit is asymmetric: most humans and primates tend to be better at horizontal than vertical smooth pursuit, as defined by their ability to pursue smoothly without making catch-up saccades. (wikipedia.org)
Discharge1
And they demonstrate how the electric Aether - what we call ambipolar energy - constitutes the driver behind a variety of fundamental physical processes, such as stellar radiation, the allotropic cycle of oxygen and water in our atmosphere, the cosmological creation of electrons with a minimum of kinetic energy, and the anomalous acceleration of heavy ions by certain types of plasma discharge. (aetherometry.com)
Show1
However, NMC did not show saccade hypometria and impaired smooth pursuit as seen in advanced Parkinson's disease and XDP, suggesting oculomotor state rather than trait signs in these mutation carriers. (bvsalud.org)
Object1
Yet any society or civilization which makes the material world its sole pursuit and object of concern cannot but devolve in the long run. (ascensionnow.co.uk)
Superior1
Clearly a Lamborghini, Asterion is a conceptual car housing a plug-in hybrid powertrain designed to Lamborghini objectives: The Asterion defines a solution to significantly reducing CO 2 emissions through technologies available today, guaranteeing the unique Lamborghini driving feel with a smooth and reactive driveability and with superior power, including an exceptional pure electric range of 50 km. (autoconcept-reviews.com)
Visual2
Most people are unable to initiate pursuit without a moving visual signal. (wikipedia.org)
Pursuit is modified by ongoing visual feedback. (wikipedia.org)