• The epitope mapping resolution depends on the number of overlapping peptides that are used. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such peptides are believed to be "promiscuous" T-cell epitopes that bind to the HLA supertypes on the surface of antigen-presenting cells that are broadly represented in the world's population. (genengnews.com)
  • These include EpiScreen™, a T-cell epitope mapping technology that screens peptides for their immunostimulatory properties, and EpiScreen DC:T cell assay, which screens biologics for their immunogenicity. (genengnews.com)
  • T cell epitope mapping, the selection of target peptides from any protein sequence, is a powerful resource for the development of novel protein therapeutics. (epivax.com)
  • We at CNAM have studied the immune response of infected or control patients (Covid-19, asymptomatic, or pre-epidemic sera) by epitope mapping against peptides derived from the structural peptides of SARs-CoV-2. (jpt.com)
  • By using overlapping 15mer peptides both the IE1 and pp65 antigens were mapped and new epitopes are described that could be used in the construction of peptide vaccines. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • A sequence pattern for peptides presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes by HLA B8 revealed by analysis of epitopes and eluted peptides. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The dominant epitope was mapped using recombinant vaccinia viruses that expressed fragments of the NP and then synthetic peptides based on the NP amino acid sequence. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The amino acid sequence of the peptide epitope was compared to six other known virus peptides known to be restricted by HLA B8 and a sequence homology was identified, which predicted nonamer and octamer epitope sequences. (ox.ac.uk)
  • One of the predicted epitope peptides was made and shown to be recognized by specific CTL. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Peptides derived from α-gliadins are recognized by T cells from almost all celiac patients, whereas Tcell responses to γ-gliadins and glutenins are much less frequent. (2ab-weizen.de)
  • Next to the thoroughly characterized major T-cell epitopes derived from the α-gliadin fraction of gluten, γ-gliadin peptides are also known to stimulate T-cells of celiac disease patients. (2ab-weizen.de)
  • Traditional methods use a 'brute-force' system where synthetic peptides representing portions of real HIV proteins are tested in the hopes that some will stimulate an immune response and direct researchers to the epitopes needed for vaccine development," says Sadegh-Nasseri. (news7.asia)
  • B-cell epitope mapping studies suggest that most interactions between antigens and antibodies, particularly autoantibodies and protective antibodies (e.g., in vaccines), rely on binding to discontinuous epitopes. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are several methods available for mapping antibody epitopes on target antigens: X-ray co-crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). (wikipedia.org)
  • The mRNA vaccines can encode multiple antigens, strengthening the immune response against pathogens and enabling the targeting of multiple microbial variants [19] . (researchgate.net)
  • CMV lysate was also used as it contains all potential antigens that could stimulate a T cell response. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Applications include studies of T-cell responses to antigens, such as herpes viruses, HIV, and tumor antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Our simple method, called reductionist cell-free antigen processing, reproduces in a test tube the complex events that occur in the human immune system as a response to antigens, foreign invaders to the body such as viruses like HIV," says senior study author Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri, Ph.D. , professor of pathology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The strategy of the present work has accordingly been to reinvestigate T-cell reactivity to CII in RA patients, to relate it to the response to commonly used recall antigens and to analyze IFN-γ responses as an alternative to proliferative responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We offer a discovery service to academia, government and industry through the Serimmune universal serology platform that utilizes bacterial display peptide library technology and next generation sequencing to broadly profile antibody repertoires and identify antigens and epitopes associated with many diseases - all in a single assay. (serimmune.com)
  • Serimmune's Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis (SERA) technology platform applies bacterial display peptide libraries, next-generation sequencing, machine learning and custom bioinformatics to reveal the many diverse antigens stimulating immunity. (serimmune.com)
  • For vaccines against infectious brokers, antigens capable of inducing protective immune responses are desired. (irjs.info)
  • An alternative technique that identifies defensive antigens directly is certainly to map goals of immune system replies in previously contaminated hosts that effectively cleared chlamydia. (irjs.info)
  • In those full cases, the capability of antigens to induce defensive immunity within a vaccine placing has been proven to correlate with the magnitude of the response against that antigen post contamination [4]. (irjs.info)
  • Similarly, for malignancy vaccines to be successful, it is necessary to identify antigens targeted by immune responses associated with tumor regression [7, 8]. (irjs.info)
  • Epitope data have been central to several high-profile legal cases involving disputes over the specific protein regions targeted by therapeutic antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
  • This method is fast, relatively inexpensive, and specifically suited to profile epitopes for large numbers of candidate antibodies against a defined target. (wikipedia.org)
  • The multifunctional activity of the humoral immune response remained for at least 6 months after vaccination and was comparable to that of naturally acquired anti-MSP1 antibodies from semi-immune adults from Kenya. (nature.com)
  • To combat future SARS-CoV-2 variants and spillovers of SARS-like betacoronaviruses (sarbecoviruses) threatening global health, we designed mosaic nanoparticles presenting randomly-arranged sarbecovirus spike receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to elicit antibodies against conserved/relatively-occluded, rather than variable/immunodominant/exposed, epitopes. (nih.gov)
  • Mapping of epitopes recognized by functional monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is essential for understanding the nature of immune responses and designing improved vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. (rcsb.org)
  • Even molecules not usually recognized as foreign (such as humanized antibodies), when pumped into the circulation in quantities large enough to perform their therapeutic function, can activate an autoimmune response. (genengnews.com)
  • Whereas unexposed individuals had minimal reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins that poorly correlated with reactivity against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 S2 and N proteins, COVID-19 patient sera had higher correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV responses, suggesting that de novo antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 cross-react with HCoV epitopes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To facilitate prospective surveillance for such evolution, we map how convalescent serum antibodies are impacted by all mutations to the spikes receptor-binding domain (RBD), the main target of serum neutralizing activity. (scitok.com)
  • Binding by polyclonal serum antibodies is affected by mutations in three main epitopes in the RBD, but there is substantial variation in the impact of mutations both among individuals and within the same individual over time. (scitok.com)
  • However, most high-resolution mapping approaches involve isolating and characterizing individual monoclonal antibodies, which incompletely defines the full polyclonal response. (scitok.com)
  • Here we use two complementary approaches to directly map the specificities of the neutralizing and binding antibodies of polyclonal anti-HIV-1 sera from rabbits immunized with BG505 Env SOSIP trimers. (scitok.com)
  • Here, we compiled a detailed human antibody epitope map comprising epitope binning data and structures of multiple human monoclonal antibodies, including three new crystal structures of Pfs25 in complex with transmission-reducing antibodies from Malian volunteers immunized with Pfs25 conjugated to EPA and adjuvanted with AS01. (bvsalud.org)
  • T cell responses were identified even in those who did not develop antibodies, and some cross reacted with common cold seasonal coronaviruses. (springernature.com)
  • T cells that can recognize the HIV epitope-MHC complex as foreign become activated and signal B cells - a different type of immune cell that produces antibodies, in this case, specific to HIV. (news7.asia)
  • To combat future severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and spillovers of SARS-like betacoronaviruses (sarbecoviruses) threatening global health, we designed mosaic nanoparticles that present randomly arranged sarbecovirus spike receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to elicit antibodies against epitopes that are conserved and relatively occluded rather than variable, immunodominant, and exposed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-specific monoclonal antibodies: production and epitope mapping. (cdc.gov)
  • citation needed] By providing information on mechanism of action, epitope mapping is a critical component in therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epitope mapping has been crucial to the development of vaccines against prevalent or deadly viral pathogens, such as chikungunya, dengue, Ebola, and Zika viruses, by determining the antigenic elements (epitopes) that confer long-lasting immunization effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • This optimism is built on recently published studies demonstrating the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in combatting several types of cancer and infectious pathogens where conventional vaccine platforms may fail to induce protective immune responses. (researchgate.net)
  • These mice were initially developed for predicting the efficacy of human vaccines because the responses of traditional (nonhumanized) mice were misleading. (epivax.com)
  • Current HIV vaccines are designed to elicit both T-cell and B-cell responses. (iucc.ac.il)
  • Intense selection pressure to escape the antibody response produced by vaccines or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection then led to a rapid succession of Omicron sub-lineages with waves of BA.2 and then BA.4/5 infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays are used to characterize pre-existing immune responses, monitor the immunogenicity of vaccines, and assess the effects of immune-modulating therapies in fields such as cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune and rare/orphan diseases. (cellcarta.com)
  • In addition, we are investigating antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and related zoonotic coronaviruses (CoV), with the related goal of developing broadly-protective immunotherapies and vaccines against variants of concern and emerging CoV threats. (stanford.edu)
  • A comprehensive definition of all transmission-reducing epitopes of Pfs25 will inform structure-guided design to enhance Pfs25-based vaccines, leading to potent transmission-blocking activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • This work informs immunogen design to focus the antibody response to transmission-reducing epitopes of Pfs25, enabling development of more potent transmission-blocking vaccines for malaria. (bvsalud.org)
  • My strategy of developing recombinant allergy vaccines is based on epitope mapping, followed by the design of genetically engineered hypoallergens. (presiuniv.ac.in)
  • Heterologous immunization with defined RNA and subunit vaccines enhances T cell responses that protect against Leishmania donovani. (ac.ir)
  • Knowing immune response targets is also crucial for the development of allergy vaccines, whose goal is usually to modulate the pathologic immune responses NU7026 irreversible inhibition of allergic individuals towards those found in non-allergics [5, 6]. (irjs.info)
  • In summary, identifying the targets and characteristics of immune responses in well characterized host populations enables the rational design of vaccines. (irjs.info)
  • Here, we show that the vaccine, termed SumayaVac-1 , elicited both a humoral and cellular immune response as well as a recall T cell memory. (nature.com)
  • Changes in glycans and a prime-boost technique focused the immune response on the CD4 binding site. (researchgate.net)
  • One problem that antibody-engineering companies have long struggled with is the host immune response to biologic therapeutics. (genengnews.com)
  • This is due to the fact that certain amino acid sequences, so-called T-cell epitopes, when presented by antigen-presenting cells and recognized by helper T cells, will stimulate a powerful immune response. (genengnews.com)
  • When these mutations were incorporated into a cellular clone producing Factor VIII, the resultant protein still performed its role in the clotting cascade without raising an anti-Factor VIII immune response. (genengnews.com)
  • T-cell and CD4 receptors on the surface of T cells bind to the HLA protein/T-cell epitope complex in order to generate an immune response. (genengnews.com)
  • It can be used for high resolution epitope mapping, immune monitoring and biomarker discovery in vaccine development and enables the investigation of specific immune response in similar viruses. (jpt.com)
  • The cell mediated immune response notably that mediated through cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) is essential in the maintenance of viral latency and the resolution of primary infections. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • When APCs chew up proteins from an antigen and present the fragments, known as antigenic epitopes, on their surface, the epitopes become visible to helper T cells and initiate an immune response. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Celiac disease (CD) is caused by an uncontrolled immune response to gluten, a heterogeneous mixture of wheat storage proteins. (2ab-weizen.de)
  • Immunology, Immune response of B and T cells subtypes against native protein or synthetic epitopes (MAP). (icmr.nic.in)
  • 11. Tripathi P, Singh V, Naik S. Immune response to leishmania: paradox rather than paradigm. (ac.ir)
  • One established approach for the identification and characterization of T cell immune response is the use of peptide based epitope mapping strategies. (irjs.info)
  • 7Beta‑OH‑ DHEA counteracts dexamethasone induced suppression of primary immune response in murine spleenocytes. (prolekare.cz)
  • The genes that have been associated with autoimmune Addison disease participate in the body's immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This and other disease-associated HLA gene variants likely contribute to an inappropriate immune response that leads to autoimmune Addison disease, although the mechanism is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In autoimmune Addison disease, however, an immune response is triggered by a normal adrenal gland protein, typically a protein called 21-hydroxylase. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mapping epitopes on these targets can be challenging because of the difficulty in expressing and purifying these complex proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Membrane proteins frequently have short antigenic regions (epitopes) that fold correctly only when in the context of a lipid bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result, mAb epitopes on these membrane proteins are often conformational and, therefore, are more difficult to map. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their analysis is critical to determining the therapeutic proteins that will fail to induce immune responses while still performing their biological function. (genengnews.com)
  • SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization titers were low in the COVID-19 patient sera but correlated with array responses against S and N proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In vaccine recipients, gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and sera displayed moderate binding to recombinant orthopoxviral proteins (A29L, A35R, E8L, A30L, A27L, A33R, B18R, and L1R) and native proteins from the 2022 monkeypox outbreak strain. (bvsalud.org)
  • By contrast, recent monkeypox virus infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to monkeypox virus proteins and to native monkeypox virus proteins from a viral isolate obtained during the 2022 outbreak. (bvsalud.org)
  • Deep serological profiling of the antibody response in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls identified epitopes across multiple viral proteins and was used to develop a rapid Luminex-based diagnostic assay. (springernature.com)
  • Serimmune is an immune intelligence company that decodes the breadth and complexity of human antibody response, empowering discovery projects through a universal serology assay that identifies disease-specific epitopes across proteins and entire proteomes. (serimmune.com)
  • It is characterized by an inflammatory response to ingested wheat gluten proteins. (2ab-weizen.de)
  • Epitopes that are immunodominant have structures that uniquely fit like a lock and key with cell-surface proteins on APCs known as major histocompatibility molecules, or MHCs. (news7.asia)
  • This enabled us to study nearly the entire HIV proteome [all of the proteins produced by the virus] and distinctly identify epitopes that are selected for presentation to CD4+ T cells by a chaperone protein called HLA-DM," says Sengupta. (news7.asia)
  • Allergens are mainly proteins or glycoproteins from foreign sources (like pollen, fungi, food, and insects), which are capable of triggering IgE-antibody mediated abnormal immune responses (Th2 type) leading to inflammation in lung, skin, and GI tract. (presiuniv.ac.in)
  • My research interest is on molecular and structural characterization of allergenic proteins inducing IgE-mediated type-1 hypersensitivity responses. (presiuniv.ac.in)
  • In immunology, epitope mapping is the process of experimentally identifying the binding site, or epitope, of an antibody on its target antigen (usually, on a protein). (wikipedia.org)
  • If you think of an HIV epitope as a hot dog and the MHC as a bun, the 'meal' is what gets presented to CD4+ T cells," says lead study author Srona Sengupta, an M.D./Ph.D. candidate in immunology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. (news7.asia)
  • Linear epitopes identified by conventional mapping techniques only partially reflect the immunogenic properties of the epitope in its natural conformation, thus limiting the success of this approach. (rcsb.org)
  • By comparing responses to different amino acid sequences, a T-cell epitope map can be built up which allows the scientist to predict what modification can be designed into the Factor VIII molecule to make it less immunogenic. (genengnews.com)
  • We also identify immunogenic surfaces important for cellular interactions by epitope mapping and functional assays. (rcsb.org)
  • Using PEPperPRINT's unique laser printing technology, entire protein targets can be translated into highly overlapping peptide libraries in a convenient microarray format, allowing for both in-depth and high-throughput screening of immunogenic epitopes. (pepperprint.com)
  • Background Neoantigens, new immunogenic sequences arising from tumor mutations, have been associated with response to immunotherapy and are considered potential targets for vaccination. (unav.edu)
  • The vaccine was immunogenic, with stronger responses than seen in convalescent sera. (springernature.com)
  • If we can identify which epitopes are 'immunodominant' - the ones that elicit the strongest immune system response to the virus - then we may have the essential ingredients for the long-sought recipe to make an effective HIV vaccine," explains Sadegh-Nasseri. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Sadegh-Nasseri says previous efforts to map and identify the desired immunodominant epitopes have proven unreliable. (news7.asia)
  • That's important because we know that HIV epitopes processed and edited by HLA-DM are immunodominant. (news7.asia)
  • To map the neutralizing specificity, we used mutational antigenic profiling to determine how all amino-acid mutations in Env affected viral neutralization. (scitok.com)
  • Mutational antigenic profiling showed that the dominant neutralizing specificities were the C3/V5 and/or 241/289 glycan hole epitopes, which were generally only a subset of the more diverse binding specificities mapped with EMPEM. (scitok.com)
  • Further, mutational antigenic profiling was able to refine epitope specificity in residue-level detail directly from sera, revealing subtle differences across rabbits. (scitok.com)
  • Sera from each period ( n = 185 and n = 693) were screened in an epitope blocking enzyme immunoassay for flavivirus antibody detection. (who.int)
  • Experimental epitope mapping data can be incorporated into robust algorithms to facilitate in silico prediction of B-cell epitopes based on sequence and/or structural data. (wikipedia.org)
  • Linear epitopes are formed by a continuous sequence of amino acids in a protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conformational epitopes epitopes are formed by amino acids that are nearby in the folded 3D structure but distant in the protein sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mapping the epitope specificities of polyclonal serum is critical to rational vaccine design. (scitok.com)
  • To map the binding specificity, we used electron microscopy polyclonal epitope mapping (EMPEM) to directly visualize the Fabs in serum bound to Env trimers. (scitok.com)
  • We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B-cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T-cell responses (activation-induced marker and intracellular cytokine staining assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine versus monkeypox virus infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rabbit polyclonal IgG, epitope mapping at the C-terminus of ATF3 of human origin. (chip-atlas.org)
  • We have demonstrated that recombinant Qβ framed with gp41 MPER of HIV can be used either alone or in combination with other strategies for the production and monitoring of HIV-1 gp41 MPER-specific immune responses. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The ability of EpiScreen to detect possible autoimmune responses early on in testing is now well documented. (genengnews.com)
  • Linkages between antibody response to pathogens have been shown in oncology, autoimmune, infectious, neurodegenerative, and other complex diseases. (serimmune.com)
  • T cell responses to steroid cytochrome P450 21‑ hydroxylase in patients with autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency. (prolekare.cz)
  • Autoantibody epitope mapping of the 21‑ hydroxylase antigen in autoimmune Addison's disease. (prolekare.cz)
  • Collectively, these data show that linear epitope mapping techniques provide useful but incomplete descriptions of B-cell epitopes, indicating that increased efforts to fully characterize antigen-antibody interfaces are required to understand and design effective immunogens. (rcsb.org)
  • We have participated in two recently completed large-scale T cell epitope mapping projects, one to characterize epitopes responsible for the protective immunity conveyed by the smallpox vaccine [12C15], another to characterize epitopes in Arenaviruses [16C18], which has led to the era of an applicant for a combination defensive vaccine (M. Kotturi et al. (irjs.info)
  • Epitope mapping can reveal how a mAb exerts its functional effects - for instance, by blocking the binding of a ligand or by trapping a protein in a non-functional state. (wikipedia.org)
  • With its high sensitivity, it can detect low antigen-specific responses and be used to complement information from other functional assays, including intra-cellular cytokine staining (ICS) by flow cytometry and ELISA. (cellcarta.com)
  • Single-cell transcriptomics and functional assays defined a high ratio of CD8(+) T cells versus T-reg cells as a predictor of response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). (unav.edu)
  • To fulfill this vision, we created a technology for building and interpreting a dynamic map of human immunity which continually evolves to map interactions between functional antibody repertoire and human disease. (serimmune.com)
  • Array responses were compared with validated spike protein-specific IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), showing agreement between orthologous methods. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Epitope characterization can also help elucidate the binding mechanism of an antibody and can strengthen intellectual property (patent) protection. (wikipedia.org)
  • These structures revealed additional epitopes in Pfs25 capable of reducing transmission and expanded this characterization to malaria-exposed humans. (bvsalud.org)
  • Map T-cell epitopes and monitor cellular immune responses. (pepperprint.com)
  • Analysis of cellular immune responses, including epitope mapping, demonstrates that electroporation of these constructs induces both potent and broad cellular immunity. (unicamp.br)
  • It is known that all individuals possess classes of T cells that can recognize these forbidden epitopes. (genengnews.com)
  • Cryo-EM can similarly provide high-resolution maps of antibody-antigen interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • To investigate antigen-antibody interactions and assess the potential of the most common epitope mapping techniques, we generated a series of mAbs against factor H binding protein (fHbp), a key virulence factor and vaccine antigen of Neisseria meningitidis. (rcsb.org)
  • Not only is this strategy hit or miss, but the method doesn't allow for the real-world chemical and molecular interactions that can impact how epitopes are produced and function. (news7.asia)
  • Our unique approach to developing safe and effective protein therapeutics by modifying T cell epitopes is at the core of this research effort," said Anne De Groot, M.D., President and CEO of EpiVax. (epivax.com)
  • There was no detectable CD4+ T cell response to CMV lysate in patients that had detectable CMV replication, additionally the CD8+ T cell responses against pp65 and IE1 was not adequate to prevent CMV replication in the absence of a CD4+ T cell response. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • The data presented here demonstrates the importance of a CD4+ T cell response to CMV in the HSCT setting and also highlights the benefit of both a CD8+ T cell responses to both IE1 and pp65. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • γ interferon expression in CD8+ T cells is a marker for circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize an HLA A2-restricted epitope of human cytomegalovirus phosphoprotein pp65. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Finally, neither technique can distinguish key epitope residues (energetic "hot spots") for mAbs that bind to the same group of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although a 12-residue epitope in the C terminus of fHbp was identified by both Peptide Scanning and Phage Display Library screening, other approaches, such as hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (MS) and X-ray crystallography, showed that mAb 12C1 occupies an area of ∼1,000 Å(2) on fHbp, including >20 fHbp residues distributed on both N- and C-terminal domains. (rcsb.org)
  • We compared immune responses elicited by mosaic-8 (SARS-CoV-2 and seven animal sarbecoviruses) and homotypic (only SARS-CoV-2) RBD-nanoparticles in mice and macaques, observing stronger responses elicited by mosaic-8 to mismatched (not on nanoparticles) strains including SARS-CoV and animal sarbecoviruses. (nih.gov)
  • The studies are anticipated to show that a reengineered Botulinum toxin protein does not cause antibody responses in a special strain of humanized mice. (epivax.com)
  • An Adenovirus-based vaccine encoding a stabilised spike protein induced immune responses in mice. (springernature.com)
  • This study aims to elucidate human immune responses to JYNNEOS vaccination compared with mpox-induced immunity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many therapeutic mAbs target conformational epitopes that are only present when the protein is in its native (properly folded) state, which can make epitope mapping challenging. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epitope mapping has become prevalent in protecting the intellectual property (IP) of therapeutic mAbs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epitope mapping shows potent mAb binding shifting to 3 clusters, 2 corresponding to early-pandemic binding hotspots. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The RBD mutations in recent variants map close to these binding sites and knock out or severely knock down neutralization activity of all but 1 potent mAb. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We combine biophysical and structural methods (e.g., cryo-EM), protein engineering, and in vivo approaches to understand how enveloped viruses infect host cells and elicit antigen-specific immune responses. (stanford.edu)
  • The HCMV gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131A complex (Pentamer) is the main target of humoral responses and thus a key vaccine candidate. (rcsb.org)
  • Following this training, he completed postdoctoral research at the California Institute of Technology, where he combined biophysical methods with in vivo approaches to understand how viruses such as HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infect host cells and elicit specific humoral immune responses (P. Bjorkman). (stanford.edu)
  • These profiles are characterized by unique antibody binding sites on protein targets, known as epitopes. (pepperprint.com)
  • Therefore, knowledge of targets of immune NU7026 irreversible inhibition responses in infected hosts has high value for vaccine design against infectious diseases. (irjs.info)
  • INTERPRETATION: Infection with monkeypox virus resulted in robust B-cell and T-cell responses, whereas immunisation with JYNNEOS elicited more robust T-cell responses. (bvsalud.org)
  • RA patients with elevated levels of anti-CII had a weaker IFN-γ response to both native and denatured CII than did healthy control individuals ( P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx ® ) initiative was formed to accelerate the development, validation, and commercialization of innovative point-of-care and home-based tests, as well as improvements to clinical laboratory tests, that can directly detect SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. (cimit.org)
  • To enhance vaccine potency and improve thus responses to ICI, we analyzed the gene expression profile of an immunosuppressive dendritic cell (DC) population induced during vaccination, with the goal of identifying druggable inhibitory mechanisms. (unav.edu)
  • Vaccination using optimized strategies may increase response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in some tumors. (unav.edu)
  • An endogenous substance or a drug that can interact with a receptor and initiate a physiological or a pharmacological response characteristic of that receptor (contraction, relaxation, secretion, enzyme activation, etc. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Flow cytometric measurement of intracellular cytokines detects immune responses in MUCI immunotherapy. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body's innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. (researchgate.net)
  • A common endpoint in any T-cell based vaccine trial are measurements of vaccine-induced T-cell responses such as breadth and magnitude [7]. (iucc.ac.il)
  • Given information about participant's HLA alleles, we attempt to predict vaccine induced T-cell responses at various levels of refinement, based on the current group-testing hierarchical mapping approach. (iucc.ac.il)
  • CMV epitope selection and its use in T cell reconstitution in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • We also examined the CMV specific T cell responses in individuals with Common Variable immunodeficiency syndrome (CVID). (ucl.ac.uk)
  • T-cell epitope mapping by flow cytometry. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The IFN-γ response to purified protein derivative and influenza virus was lower in RA patients, reflecting a general T-cell hyporesponsiveness in RA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented robust orthopoxviral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. (bvsalud.org)
  • T cell epitopes generated against SARS-CoV-2 were mapped from convalescent patients. (springernature.com)
  • Our cell-free antigen processing system," says Sadegh-Nasseri, "replicates how epitopes are actually processed in the APC's cellular environment and become presented, including any influencing factors that may come into play. (news7.asia)
  • X-ray co-crystallography has historically been regarded as the gold-standard approach for epitope mapping because it allows direct visualization of the interaction between the antigen and antibody. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore current mapping strategies use a group-testing approach in which responses to the immunogen are first measured using peptide pools that span a full protein, and are then further refined using sets of mini-pool and finally a peptide matrix [23]. (iucc.ac.il)
  • CellCarta also has expertise with the cultured ELISpot assay which allows the monitoring of responses by memory T cells. (cellcarta.com)