Response rats sprague dawley. Medical search. Frequent questions

To relate these behavioral differences to possible structural differences in the neuronal density of dopaminergic or serotonergic neurons, Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley brains were evaluated for tyrosine hydroxylase and 5-HT immunocytochemistry. (southampton.ac.uk)
GABAergic responses of acutely dissociated rat retinal neurons, including both bipolar cells (BCs) and other, morphologically round cells (RCs), were assayed with the fluorescent (FL), voltage-sensitive probe oxonol DiBaC4(5). (nih.gov)
Leptin-Saporin (Lep-Sap) injections were used to delete ObR- expressing neurons in the NTS of 300g male Sprague Dawley rats. (atsbio.com)
We used single neuron recordings and controlled whisker deflections to examine responses of thalamocortical neurons to sensory stimulation in rat survivors of 9 min of asphyxial cardiac arrest incurred on post-natal day 17. (cdc.gov)
We found that 48-72 hours after cardiac arrest, thalamocortical neurons demonstrate significantly elevated firing rates both during spontaneous activity and in response to whisker deflections. (cdc.gov)
Despite the overall increase in firing, by 6 weeks, thalamocortical neurons display degraded receptive fields, with decreased responses to adjacent whiskers. (cdc.gov)

To assess the developmental neurotoxicity of more realistic TRAP exposures, we exposed male and female rats during gestation and early postnatal development to TRAP drawn directly from a traffic tunnel in Northern California and delivered to animals in real-time. (nature.com)
In male rats, TRAP significantly increased hippocampal neurogenesis, while in females, TRAP increased granule cell layer width. (nature.com)
Fentanyl self-administration impacts brain immune responses in male Sprague-Dawley rats. (nature.com)
Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups (6 rats per group). (researchgate.net)
1992) that chloroquine treatment of rats eventually would lead to infertility by resulting in late germ cell developmental with depletion of spermatids (Abayomi O, 1992).This suggested the requirement for the quinine to occupied a place as a male contraceptive agent in humans (Osinubi et al. (researchgate.net)
MCAO surgery was performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. (arvojournals.org)
Isolated perfused lungs were prepared from pathogen-free 8‐week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g (n=87). (ersjournals.com)
Male Sprague-Dawley Rats (200-250 g) were given 1 ml/kg of the salts of the drugs tested i.p. and after 5 min 50-air-puff stimuli were delivered on a 15 sec fixed interval schedule. (erowid.org)
Gopalan's team was slated to present 'The effects of diet-induced obesity in male Sprague Dawley rats on blood glucose, ketones and markers of mental and physical fatigue' at the APS annual meeting at Experimental Biology. (news-medical.net)
Angiogenesis was induced in the mesenteric test tissue in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by i.p. injection of VEGF-A, which is a key angiogenic factor in most tumors. (unboundmedicine.com)
The team used 100 female and 100 male rats. (org.in)
Up to 50 per cent of the male rats and 70 per cent of females died prematurely, compared with only 30 per cent and 20 per cent in the control group. (org.in)
Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5 - 7/group) were administered verapamil i.p. 15 minutes before a one hour unilateral noise exposure (16 kHz, 106 dB SPL). (cdc.gov)
Due to unanticipated toxicity in male rats observed at the 16-week interim time point, males were removed from the first study at week 21. (nih.gov)
Survival was unaffected by PFOA exposure, and there were exposure-related decreases in body weight compared to control groups in both male and female rats. (nih.gov)
Male rats had increased incidences of hepatocellular adenomas in the 0/40, 300/40, 0/80, and 300/80 ppm groups compared to the 0/0 ppm control group, and higher incidences of hepatocellular carcinomas were observed in the 300/80 ppm group compared to the 0/80 group. (nih.gov)
Male adult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture and divided into the sham, sepsis, and ulinastatin groups. (scienceopen.com)
The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) was considered to be at 50 mg/kg/day based on the adverse effects observed on thyroid (enlarged thyroid, thyroid follicular hypertrophy, statistically significant increased TSH level) and liver (increase in weight, hepatocyte hypertrophy) observed at 250 mg/kg/day in male and female rats. (europa.eu)
Accordingly, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Brown Norway (BN) rats were maintained on either regular (Reg) or high fat (HF) diets for 24wk. (cdc.gov)

According to Shomron 7 (2010), this field of the clinical pharmacology studies the contribution of genomes, transcriptomes and proteomes in determining drug-response phenotypes (safety and efficacy). (bvsalud.org)

In this study, we examined whether recurrent hypoglycemia alters the capacity of the ephrinA5 ligand to activate VMH EphA5 receptors, and if so, whether these changes could contribute to pathogenesis of defective glucose counterregulation in response to a standard hypoglycemic stimulus. (diabetesjournals.org)
Activation of VMH EphA5 receptors via targeted microinjection of ephrinA5-Fc before a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp study caused a reduction in the glucose infusion rate in nondiabetic rats exposed to recurrent hypoglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
We have previously reported that local stimulation of VMH EphA5 receptors by microinjection of ephrinA5-Fc or ephrinA5 overexpression increased, whereas knockdown of VMH ephrinA5 reduced, counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)

The aim of the present study was to compare microvessel responses to hypercapnic and isocapnic acidosis in hyperoxia-injured lungs and to assess the role of constitutive and inducible forms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX). (ersjournals.com)
Constitutive, but not inducible, isoforms of cyclo-oxygenase and nitric oxide synthase play an important role in abnormal microvessel responses to carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions in hyperoxia-injured lungs. (ersjournals.com)
In a previous study, it was demonstrated that HA induces distinct venule dilatation closely associated with vasodilating prostaglandins generated by cyclo-oxygenase (COX), but not by nitric oxide (NO), in intact rat lung 4 . (ersjournals.com)
However, these previous studies did not determine the relative contributions of COX (COX‐1 and COX‐2) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms (endothelial constitutive (ecNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS)) to the abnormal acinar microvessel response to HA 4 , 7 . (ersjournals.com)
Scholars@Duke publication: Reduced foreign body response at nitric oxide-releasing subcutaneous implants. (duke.edu)
The tissue response to nitric oxide (NO)-releasing subcutaneous implants is presented. (duke.edu)

Methods: MRMT-1 breast cancer cells were injected into the proximal segment of tibia in female Sprague-Dawley rats. (amrita.edu)
Methods: Twenty-nine young adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. (cdc.gov)

Forced treadmill running reduces systemic inflammation yet worsens upper limb discomfort in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. (cdc.gov)
Female rats have a lower systemic exposure due to a faster PFOA elimination rate than males, so a higher feed exposure concentration was provided to female rats postweaning. (nih.gov)
Ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor, attenuates the systemic inflammatory response and visceral vasopermeability. (scienceopen.com)

Bupivacaine was injected peritumorally at day 7 or day 14 post-tumor induction, and withdrawal thresholds in response to pressure and punctate mechanical stimulus were recorded from the knee and hind-paw, respectively. (amrita.edu)

Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
Class 1 may represent hair cortisol trajectories associated with adaptive HPA-axis profiles, whereas 2A, 2B1, and 2B2 may represent allostatic load with dysregulated profiles of HPA-axis function in response to varying exposures to ELS. (bvsalud.org)

Cocaethylene produced marked locomotor and exploratory behaviors in this strain, suggesting therefore that Long-Evans and Sprague- Dawley rats differ in their response to cocaethylene. (southampton.ac.uk)
However, an HEV strain recently isolated from rats was unique and only distantly related to known strains ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
In strain TA98 without S9, cobalt metal (100 to 3,500 μg/plate) was mutagenic, although the responses observed were weak and not well correlated with dose level. (europa.eu)

The objective of the present study was to characterize the potential for 2H4MBP to adversely affect any phase of development, maturation, and ability to reproduce in Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) rats administered 2H4MBP in 5K96 feed, a diet low in phytoestrogens, using the National Toxicology Program (NTP) modified one-generation (MOG) study design. (nih.gov)

Researchers at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville aimed to learn more about the onset of obesity and its impact on both physical and mental abilities by studying two groups of rats. (news-medical.net)
Antidyskinetic effects of different drug categories were investigated in parallel groups of rats receiving either L-dopa monotreatment or L-dopa combined with ropinirole. (lu.se)

This study investigated the activity of the HPA axis in selected markers of glucose handling, and the stress response relative to components of the HPA axis in a diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model. (researchsquare.com)
These observations, together, suggest that diet-induced pre-diabetes is associated with impaired HPA axis activity and deteriorating response to stress. (researchsquare.com)
Although we were not fully surprised by this finding, this is the first study, to our knowledge, to be reporting mental exhaustion in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. (news-medical.net)

Exposure to acute and chronic stressors sensitizes the proinflammatory response of microglia to a subsequent immune challenge. (jneurosci.org)
We chose an early timepoint of abstinence (24 h) which falls within the rapid response mechanisms of innate immunity and evaluated cytokines, chemokines, and other immune modulators in nodes of the limbic-mesocorticostriatal system ex vivo [ 4 ]. (nature.com)
Furthermore, our findings of fentanyl-induced CNS innate immune responses suggest that chronic opioid exposure may increase the onset and/or severity of neurocognitive disorders associated with viral brain infections via STING. (nature.com)
2021) Immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 contributes to stress-induced affective responses in a sex-specific manner. (uh.edu)
Once this putative vaccine target was identified, the next challenge was how to best generate an effective immune response to SARS-CoV-2. (who.int)
The characteristics of this response would include production of neutralizing antibodies, generation of a T-cell response, and avoidance of immune-enhanced disease4. (who.int)

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on microbiota and serum metabolism in rats by omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
The results demonstrated that Cd exposure disrupted the balance between the blood and intestinal flora in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a significant increase in gut microbiota ( Clostridia_UCG_014 , NK4A214_group ) and blood microbiome ( Corynebacterium , Muribaculaceae ). (frontiersin.org)
There is a great opportunity to improve our basic science understanding of neuroimmune targets involved in response to opioid exposure. (nature.com)
2021) Methamphetamine exposure and its cessation alter gut microbiota and induce depressive-like behavioral effects on rats. (uh.edu)
Real-time confocal luminescence microscopy was used to measure changes in the diameter of acinar arterioles, venules and capillaries in response to stimulation with hypercapnic and isocapnic acidosis in isolated rat lungs injured by 90% oxygen exposure for 48 h. (ersjournals.com)
Within an hour following noise exposure, rats administered verapamil demonstrated enhanced Gap detection at both 45 dB (11.5%, p (cdc.gov)
The effects were more pronounced 24 hours after noise exposure, with rats that received verapamil suppressing their total startle by 18.0% and 20.2% more than controls at 45 dB and 60 dB, respectively (p (cdc.gov)
By five days after noise exposure, rats that received verapamil returned to baseline levels of Gap detection. (cdc.gov)
Previously conducted chronic carcinogenicity studies of PFOA began exposure after these critical periods of development, so it is unknown whether the carcinogenic response is altered if exposure during gestation and lactation is included. (nih.gov)
The hypothesis tested was that including exposure during gestation and lactation (perinatal exposure) with postweaning exposure would change the PFOA carcinogenic response quantitatively (more neoplasms) or qualitatively (different neoplasm types) compared to postweaning exposure alone. (nih.gov)

Similarly, WKY rats developed significantly lower ipsilateral and contralateral hind paw withdrawal thresholds in the monosodium iodoacetate model of OA pain, compared with SD rats (P = 0.0005). (iasp-pain.org)
Linear regressions revealed that baseline anxiety-like behaviour was predictive of lowered paw withdrawal thresholds in WKY rats, mirroring the human data. (iasp-pain.org)

Sixty one plants reputed to have anti-fertility activity were tested on female Sprague-Dawley rats, in order to isolate active compounds with a potential for use in human fertility regulation. (who.int)

We have isolated a genetically similar HEV from urban rats in Los Angeles, California, USA, and characterized its ability to infect laboratory rats and nonhuman primates. (cdc.gov)

Performance of an upper extremity high repetition high force task increases serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and upper extremity sensorimotor declines in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. (cdc.gov)
Results: 10-wk HRHF rats had higher serum levels of IL-1a, IL-1beta and TNFa, than control rats. (cdc.gov)

In this preliminary study, the test item was given at 50, 250 or 1000 mg/kg/day to Sprague-Dawley rats. (europa.eu)

The effects of cocaethylene on locomotor activity, stereotypy, and rearing in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats were compared.A single cocaine injection (molar equivalent of 60 μmol/kg cocaethylene, intraperitoneal) elicited a robust series of motor output behaviors, including locomotion, stereotypy, and rearing over a 30-minute testing period in Long-Evans rats. (southampton.ac.uk)
Group 1 (control) were given clean drinking water and rat chow, group 2 were given intra-muscular (IM) quinine injection 10mg/kg body weight + water + rat chow. (researchgate.net)

Examining both retina and cerebral responses to disease provides an opportunity to expand our knowledge of mechanisms of disease, to translate treatments from one tissue to the other, and to optimize treatments effective for both tissues. (arvojournals.org)
However, the fact that retina and brain increases are not correlated may indicate a difference in the timing of the response or the responsiveness of the tissue. (arvojournals.org)

Sprague Dawley Rats were randomly divided into non-prediabetic group (NPD) and pre-diabetic group (PD) (n=6, per group) over a 20-week induction period and a further 12-week experimental period to get 32 weeks. (researchsquare.com)
Experimental rats were fitted with 3rd ventricle (3V) guide cannula 12 days after Lep-Sap or Blk-Sap injections. (atsbio.com)

In this 90-day inhalation study, the repeated dose toxicity of butane-1-thiol was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. (europa.eu)

Hippocampal microglia were isolated 24 h later and stimulated with LPS ex vivo to probe for stress-induced sensitization of proinflammatory responses. (jneurosci.org)
Taken together, these findings demonstrate the polarization of M1 macrophages by Mitsui-7 MWCNTs invitro and that induction of Alox5 is an important mechanism by which the MWCNTs promote proinflammatory responses by boosting M1 polarization and production of proinflammatory LMs. (cdc.gov)

2017) Female Sprague-Dawley rats display greater appetitive and consummatory responses to alcohol. (uh.edu)
Although not statistically significant, there were occurrences in female rats of pancreatic acinar cell adenomas and adenocarcinomas in the 0/1,000 and 300/1,000 ppm female groups compared to the 0/0 ppm control group. (nih.gov)

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition does not alter the pressure natriuretic response in Sprague Dawley rats. (ed.ac.uk)
Dive into the research topics of 'Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition does not alter the pressure natriuretic response in Sprague Dawley rats. (ed.ac.uk)
Although a high hydrogen ion concentration was unnecessary for excitation of COX‐1, venule constriction in response to H + was enhanced by COX‐1 inhibition. (ersjournals.com)
There was a dose-dependent inhibition of food intake in Blk-Sap rats, but only 0.5 μg leptin inhibited intake of Lep-Sap rats. (atsbio.com)
Gap inhibition of the acoustic startle response (GiASR) was used to assess tinnitus across six frequencies (4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 kHz) at two intensities (45 and 60 dB SPL). (cdc.gov)

A 4-week toxicity study is available with DPTU by oral route in rats (Rokh, 2012). (europa.eu)
It has long been known that patients treated with the various drugs have variability of response and susceptibility to drug toxicity. (bvsalud.org)

2013) A morphine conjugate vaccine attenuates the behavioral effects of morphine in rats. (uh.edu)

These results indicate that two commonly used rat strains show a differential response to cocaethylene and the neurochemical basis for this behavioral difference may be related to synaptic 5-HT bioavailability. (southampton.ac.uk)
The rats were subjected to three behavioral paradigms of anxiety, including the elevated plus maze, social interaction, and contextual conditioned emotional response tests. (thieme-connect.com)

Compared with the sham group, ulinastatin reduced the inflammatory response, inhibited autophagy, maintained the expression of VE-cadherin, and meliorated cortical and medullary perfusion. (scienceopen.com)
The purpose of the present study as to evaluate the effect of changes in intravascular pressure and the inflammatory mediator bradykinin on rat mesenteric arterial and venous vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)

The vascular reactivity of pulmonary microvessels, especially acinar microvessels, in response to acidosis induced by either alveolar hypercapnia (hypercapnic acidosis (HA)) or metabolic disturbance (isocapnic acidosis (IA)) is one of the major modulators regulating the distribution of pulmonary blood flow 1 - 4 . (ersjournals.com)

To examine whether other rat strains exhibit a similar response to cocaethylene, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected (IP) with cocaethylene and their behavior patterns monitored over a 30-minute testing period. (southampton.ac.uk)
Subsequently, in collaborations with the County of Los Angeles Department of Health (Los Angeles, CA, USA) Vector Management Program, we succeeded in transmitting to laboratory rats 2 strains of HEV from rats from Los Angeles but were again unable to obtain genomic sequence ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)

Building on the response to recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the R&D Blueprint has facilitated a coordinated and accelerated response to research into diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics for the novel disease. (who.int)

2018) Naltrexone alters alcohol self-administration behaviors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in a sex-dependent manner in rats. (uh.edu)

In this paper, we review and present our new data of LED treatment on cells grown in culture, on ischemic and diabetic wounds in rat models, and on acute and chronic wounds in humans. (researchgate.net)
Anxiety and depression are associated with increased pain responses in chronic pain states. (iasp-pain.org)

The startle response (SR) was recorded using a stabilemeter. (erowid.org)

OBJECTIVE: Using 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats as a model, we aimed to establish whether an adjunct treatment with the D2/3 agonist ropinirole impacts on patterns of LID-related neuroplasticity and drug responses. (lu.se)

The D1 agonists SKF38393, SKF81297 and A77636 were assessed for their ability to reverse the effects of ecopipam, and in each case the D1 agonist significantly attenuated the effects of ecopipam, typically with an inverted-u shaped dose/response curve. (nih.gov)
Some research is aimed at assessing epigenetic effects in response to developmental manipulations. (uh.edu)
2015) Differential effects of ghrelin antagonists on alcohol drinking and reinforcement in mouse and rat models of alcohol dependence. (uh.edu)
2014) Sex and litter effects on anxiety and DNA methylation levels of stress and neurotrophin genes in adolescent rats. (uh.edu)
Rhodiola rosea showed dose-dependent anxiolytic activity in the elevated plus maze and conditioned emotional response tests, with moderate effects in the higher-anxiety SI test. (thieme-connect.com)
Rats that fed on NK603 or given water containing Roundup died much earlier than the rats in the control group and developed hormonal and sex-related effects. (org.in)
effect level (LOEL) for developmental effects in rats. (cdc.gov)

Fluoxetine profoundly augmented cocaethylene-stimulated behaviors in this rat phenotype. (southampton.ac.uk)

Results were compared to 10 control rats and 6 rats that underwent 6 weeks of treadmill running following training only (TR-then-TM). (cdc.gov)
Both rat groups gained weight during the trial, but the high-fat diet group, not surprisingly, gained more than the control group. (news-medical.net)
Seven Lep-Sap and 6 control Blk-Sap rats completed the experiment. (atsbio.com)
And these tumours in rats eating the Roundup-tolerant GM maize began to appear so much earlier than in the control group. (org.in)
Control rats were exposed to filtered air. (cdc.gov)
2.1-kb hGFAP promoter or a 1.5-kb rat neuron-speci®c enolase (rNSE) promoter (control vector) has been described elsewhere (Jakobsson et al. (lu.se)

Although the meeting was canceled in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, the research team's abstract is published in this month's issue of The FASEB Journal . (news-medical.net)

In this study, we aim to understand how tumor-induced primary and distal pain sensitivities are affected by bupivacaine-induced block of bone nerve endings in a rat model of CIBP. (amrita.edu)
The effect of intracavernosal growth differentiation factor-5 therapy in a rat model of cavernosal nerve injury. (ucsf.edu)
The finding that continuously infused 5-FU is able to stimulate angiogenesis in the present rat model of angiogenesis warrants investigation of the mechanisms behind this unexpected finding. (unboundmedicine.com)
We observed the effect of ulinastatin in a septic rat model using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to evaluate the perfusion of the renal cortex and medulla. (scienceopen.com)
A preclinical investigation of a model of OA pain in normo-anxiety Sprague-Dawley (SD) and high-anxiety Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats assessed underlying neurobiological mechanisms. (iasp-pain.org)

Virus was transmissible to seronegative Sprague-Dawley rats, but transmission was spotty and magnitude and duration of infection were not robust. (cdc.gov)

No gross morphological differences in neuronal architecture or density were found in the ventral tegmental area or dorsal raphe nucleus of the two rat phenotypes. (southampton.ac.uk)
Other research investigates the role of stress and explores potential sex differences in responses to psychoactive drugs and addresses related topics including emotion and learning that are relevant to affective and post-traumatic stress disorders. (uh.edu)
1,2 The variations in the response to treatment may be due to several factors such as illness, differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, environmental factors and genetic factors. (bvsalud.org)
Moreover, significant group differences were detected upon examining the response to candidate antidyskinetic drugs. (lu.se)

In rats tested on the FR5/chow feeding choice task, ecopipam shifted choice behavior, decreasing lever pressing for preferred high carbohydrate pellets but increasing consumption of lab chow. (nih.gov)
Group 3 and 4 were given, IM quinine 10mg/kg body weight + water + rat chow and graded proportions of extract of Telfairia occidentalis of 4.5g, and 6.0g, respectively. (researchgate.net)
While Group 5 were given rat chow + water + 6.0g of Telfairia occidentalis. (researchgate.net)

Intracerebral disulfide HMGB-1 mimicked the effect of the stressor, because microglia isolated from HMGB-1-treated rats expressed exaggerated NLRP3 and proinflammatory cytokine expression after LPS treatment, whereas fully reduced HMGB-1 had no effect. (jneurosci.org)

Since one of the most efficacious treatments for musculoskeletal pain is exercise, this study investigated the effectiveness of treadmill running in preventing these responses. (cdc.gov)
The two-year study was designed to correspond with the expected lifetime of a normal rat whereas the industry practice is 90-day study. (org.in)

A two component multiple schedule that included baseline (i.e., reinforcement of a target response) and DRA (i.e., reinforcement of an alternative response and reinforcement of the target response) conditions was conducted. (abainternational.org)

The research team measured the rats' weight, blood glucose and ketone levels twice a week. (news-medical.net)
These data suggest that changes in ephrinA5/EphA5 interactions and synaptic plasticity within the VMH, a key glucose-sensing region in the brain, may contribute to the impairment in glucagon secretion and counterregulatory responses caused by recurrent hypoglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)

In the 10-wk HRHF+TM group, IL-1beta and TNFa were lower, whereas IL-10 and corticosterone were higher, compared to 10-wk HRHF only rats. (cdc.gov)
For biomarker assays, MCAO rats were sacrificed at 6, 24, and 48 hours (n = 5/group). (arvojournals.org)
In both sets, some rats were fed NK603, some the GM maize sprayed with Roundup, and the third group was given drinking water with the lowest permissible limit of Roundup. (org.in)

We studied their seroepidemiology but were unable to obtain genomic sequence or to transmit an agent to laboratory rats. (cdc.gov)

We demonstrate a basic proof-of-concept using stimulation with tens of microamps of current delivered to the sciatic nerve in rat to produce a motor response. (frontiersin.org)

An alcohol extract of R. rosea roots was characterized phytochemically and orally administered for three consecutive days to Sprague-Dawley rats at 8 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 75 mg/kg body weight. (thieme-connect.com)
Nine days later cannula placement was tested with Angiotensin II and rats were adapted to calorimeter cages for 4 days. (atsbio.com)

Clonidine reduced SR in a dose-dependent manner, apomorphine (Merck) increased the response, and d-amphetamine (Sigma), chlorimipramine (Geigy), methysergide maleate (Sandoz), scopolamine (Sigma), methylscopolamine (Sigma) had no significant effect at any of the tested doses. (erowid.org)

The role of rats in human hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections remains controversial. (cdc.gov)

Previous studies have demonstrated efficacy of nimodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, on reversing these changes in salicylate and quinine induced tinnitus in rat models (Jastreboff, 1991). (cdc.gov)

Rats are particularly interesting as a potential source of human infections because although they are not a human food, they have a high seroprevalence of antibodies against HEV ( 12 , 13 ) and they are ubiquitous and in close contact with humans everywhere. (cdc.gov)

We didn't expect the kind of tumours that we saw appearing in the rats in the fourth month (industry trials end at three months) of our experiment," says Robin Mesnage, member of the Seralini research team who was in India to attend the conference of parties to the Convention on Biodiversity in Hyderabad. (org.in)
Approximately 2-fold increases in TA100 revertants were seen in 3 separate experiments in the absence of metabolic activation (rat or hamster liver S9), with a peak response at 333 µg/plate in each experiment. (europa.eu)

Loss of NTS ObR was confirmed with RNAScope in situ hybridization and pSTAT3 response to peripheral leptin in representative Lep- Sap rats. (atsbio.com)

Comparison of spinal cord contusion and transection: functional and histological changes in the rat urinary bladder. (ucsf.edu)

Anatomy17

Organisms12

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care3

Neurons6

Male19

Pharmacology1

Receptors3

Nitric oxide6

Methods2

Systemic3

Stimulus1

Exposures2

Strain3

Toxicology1

Groups of rats2

Diet-induced3

Immune6

Exposure10

Withdrawal thresholds2

Compounds1

Nonhuman primates1

Serum2

10001

Injection2

Tissue2

Experimental2

Inhalation1

Proinflammatory responses2

Female2

Inhibition5

Toxicity2

Morphine1

Behavioral2

Inflammatory2

Acinar1

Strains2

Therapeutics1

Alters1

Chronic2

Startle response1

Impacts1

Effects7

Phenotype1

Control6

Abstract1

Model5

Magnitude1

Differences4

Chow3

Cytokine1

Study2

Baseline1

Glucose2

Group3

Laboratory1

Stimulation1

Days2

Dose-dependent1

Role1

Quinine1

Humans1

Experiment2

Peripheral1

Urinary1