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Bone Demineralization, PathologicBone Demineralization TechniqueTooth DemineralizationOsteoporosisBone ResorptionBone and BonesDental EnamelTooth RemineralizationBone DensityOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalHardness TestsCariostatic AgentsRoot ResorptionMicroradiographyDental Caries Activity TestsBone RemodelingFluorides, TopicalDentinRoot CariesDental CariesDental Enamel SolubilityOsteoclastsTooth ErosionBone Density Conservation AgentsEncyclopedias as TopicTooth CalcificationRicketsHypophosphatasiaHypophosphatemiaSunlight
Postmenopausal osteoporosisOsteoblastic activityFractureFracturesMalignanciesImpaired bone metabolismMetabolismCalciumDiseasesIncidenceOsteopeniaSkeletalProteinsMineralPelvisSymptomResultCommonPainPatientsMuscleTermsPrimaryPostmenopausalSpinal cord iSpineVertebralDensityFragilityChronicDifferencesVertebraeAdditionLossRiskFactors
Postmenopausal osteoporosis2
  • This model at the skeletal level following spinal cord injury resembles the high bone turnover rate seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. (medscape.com)
  • Aim: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) with weekly gastro-resistant risedronate 35 mg gastro-resistant tablets (RIS-GR), compared with weekly alendronate 70 mg tablets (ALN) in Spain. (bvsalud.org)
Osteoblastic activity1
Fracture6
  • As many as 30% of myeloma patients may present with a pathologic fracture, and up to two-thirds with bone pain alone as the initial symptom of disease [7]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • The bone fracture probabilities were obtained from a cohort study of 3614 women from USA with PMO treated with RIS-GR (1807) or ALN (1807) (Thomasius, 2022). (bvsalud.org)
  • This expert opinion discussed the current level I evidence on the experimental pharmacological agents used to favor bone fracture healing. (bvsalud.org)
  • All the randomized clinical trials investigating pharmacological agents for bone fracture healing were accessed. (bvsalud.org)
  • EXPERT OPINION: Calcitonin could favor bone fracture healing. (bvsalud.org)
  • Risk of a fat embolism is greatest in the first 48 hours after the fracture of a long bone. (rnpedia.com)
Fractures2
  • Pathologic fractures due to weight bearing may develop. (wikipedia.org)
  • A longitudinal cohort study by Rodriguez et al found the 4-year incidence of musculoskeletal morbidities (such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, osteoarthritis, and fractures) to be 82.4% in adults with traumatic spinal cord injury, compared with 47.5% in adults without such injury. (medscape.com)
Malignancies1
  • Aminobisphosphonates (N-BPs) that include pamidronate, zoledronate, or alendronate, are the first-line treatment of bone-related diseases including osteoporosis and bone malignancies. (bvsalud.org)
Impaired bone metabolism1
  • Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium. (wikipedia.org)
Metabolism2
  • The impairment of bone metabolism causes inadequate bone mineralization. (wikipedia.org)
  • Osteoporosis in persons with spinal cord injury was first studied in relation to calcium metabolism and the associated hypercalcemia and renal calculi that followed. (medscape.com)
Calcium1
Diseases2
  • Many of the effects of the disease overlap with the more common osteoporosis, but the two diseases are significantly different. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE . (nih.gov)
Incidence2
Osteopenia1
  • Bone is one of the major target tissues for Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). Low doses of IGF-I were able to improve liver-associated osteopenia. (biomedcentral.com)
Skeletal1
  • On conventional skeletal survey, 10% had minimal subperiosteal bone resorption limited to the phalanges. (rsna.org)
Proteins2
  • In addition to low systemic levels of circulating mineral ions (for example, caused by vitamin D deficiency or renal phosphate wasting) that result in decreased bone and tooth mineralization, accumulation of mineralization-inhibiting proteins and peptides (such as osteopontin and ASARM peptides), and small inhibitory molecules (such as pyrophosphate), can occur in the extracellular matrix of bones and teeth, contributing locally to cause matrix hypomineralization (osteomalacia/odontomalacia). (wikipedia.org)
  • Low doses of IGF-I constituted a real replacement therapy that normalized IGF-I serum levels improving the expression of most of these proteins closely involved in bone-forming, and reducing bone resorption by mechanisms related to osteoprotegerin, RANKL and PTH receptor. (biomedcentral.com)
Mineral2
  • Clinical manifestations, radiographic findings, and bone mineral measurements of 65 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are reviewed. (rsna.org)
  • Stored samples from a prior clinical trial aimed at analyzing the effect of alendronate on bone mineral density, provided further evidence of alendronate-mediated latency reversal and activation of immune effector cells. (bvsalud.org)
Pelvis2
  • Symptoms: Diffuse joint and bone pain (especially of spine, pelvis, and legs) Muscle weakness Difficulty walking, often with a waddling gait Hypocalcemia (positive Chvostek sign) Compressed vertebrae and diminished stature Pelvic flattening Weak, soft bones Easy fracturing Bending of bones Osteomalacia in adults starts insidiously as aches and pains in the lumbar (lower back) region and thighs before spreading to the arms and ribs. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the inevitable complications of spinal cord injury (SCI) is the associated osteoporosis that occurs predominantly in the pelvis and the lower extremities (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Symptom1
  • Most of the time, the only alleged symptom is chronic fatigue, while bone aches are not spontaneous but only revealed by pressure or shocks. (wikipedia.org)
Result1
  • The result is an increase in bone reabsorption or osteoporosis related to parathyroid dysfunction in the chronic stages of spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)
Common1
  • Technically considered a plasma cell dyscrasia, multiple myeloma is the most common primary malignancy of bone [7,8]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Pain1
  • The pain is symmetrical, non-radiating and accompanied by sensitivity in the involved bones. (wikipedia.org)
Patients1
  • Primary bone lesions are more commonly identified in patients under the age of 40, and can be subdivided into benign and malignant lesions. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Muscle2
  • Signs and symptoms can include diffuse body pains, muscle weakness, and fragility of the bones. (wikipedia.org)
  • The loss of bone also may be enhanced by lack of muscle traction on bone or by other neural factors associated with spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)
Terms1
  • INTRODUCTION: Pharmacological strategies might influence bone healing in terms of time to union or quality of mature bone. (bvsalud.org)
Primary1
  • Osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and chondrosarcoma represent 70% of primary bone tumor diagnoses, and malignant primary bone tumors represent around 3,300 new cases annually in the United States [5,6]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Postmenopausal5
  • This model at the skeletal level following spinal cord injury resembles the high bone turnover rate seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. (medscape.com)
  • These characteristics differ from senile osteoporosis or postmenopausal osteoporosis. (e-arm.org)
  • Because earlier studies included both sexes as well as patients over 65 years old, the effects of senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis could not be eliminated. (e-arm.org)
  • Postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis who have a recent fracture are at very high risk of fracture, and this study finds that stratified treatment based on fracture risk would be a cost-effective treatment option for this population. (bvsalud.org)
  • PURPOSE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four anti-osteoporosis medications (denosumab, zoledronate, teriparatide, and alendronate) for postmenopausal osteoporotic women in mainland China, using a stratified treatment strategy recommended by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology (AACE/ACE). (bvsalud.org)
Spinal cord i9
  • One of the inevitable complications of spinal cord injury (SCI) is the associated osteoporosis that occurs predominantly in the pelvis and the lower extremities (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Bone loss as a consequence of spinal cord injury has been of secondary concern historically. (medscape.com)
  • Osteoporosis in persons with spinal cord injury was first studied in relation to calcium metabolism and the associated hypercalcemia and renal calculi that followed. (medscape.com)
  • The differences between osteoporosis induced by spinal cord injury and other causes of bone loss (disuse), such as prolonged bed rest, space travel, and lower motor neuron disorders, have since become clearer. (medscape.com)
  • The mechanism behind spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced osteoporosis is accepted as being multifactorial in the acute and chronic stages. (medscape.com)
  • The loss of bone also may be enhanced by lack of muscle traction on bone or by other neural factors associated with spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)
  • 11] These other factors further separate spinal cord injury-induced osteoporosis from other causes of disuse demineralization. (medscape.com)
  • The body that has sustained spinal cord injury has been considered the model of premature aging, and the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in osteoporosis following spinal cord injury illustrates this point. (medscape.com)
  • The result is an increase in bone reabsorption or osteoporosis related to parathyroid dysfunction in the chronic stages of spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)
Spine4
  • The discordant findings between these skeletal sites may reflect differences in composition and metabolism of bones in the spine and hip and could provide insight into the pathophysiological changes in the ear that may lead to hearing loss," they add. (medscape.com)
  • Symptoms: Diffuse joint and bone pain (especially of spine, pelvis, and legs) Muscle weakness Difficulty walking, often with a waddling gait Hypocalcemia (positive Chvostek sign) Compressed vertebrae and diminished stature Pelvic flattening Weak, soft bones Easy fracturing Bending of bones Osteomalacia in adults starts insidiously as aches and pains in the lumbar (lower back) region and thighs before spreading to the arms and ribs. (wikipedia.org)
  • This chronic-stage mechanism of osteoporosis is balanced by an increase in bone mineral in regions of the body in which weight bearing is resumed (eg, in the upper extremities, spine) and adds to the demineralization observed in regions that are chronically non-weight-bearing (eg, the pelvis, lower extremities). (medscape.com)
  • To investigate the relationship between Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in subacute stroke patients. (e-arm.org)
Vertebral2
  • Women with osteoporosis, low bone density, or a previous vertebral fracture show significant increases in the risk of hearing loss compared to those without osteoporosis, according to a new study with more than three decades of follow-up. (medscape.com)
  • Stroke patients with poor trunk control in the early subacute stage would have low BMD of vertebral bones at 3 months. (e-arm.org)
Density3
  • In this large nationwide longitudinal study of nearly 144,000 women with up to 34 years of follow-up, we found that osteoporosis or low bone density was independently associated with higher risk of incident moderate or worse hearing loss," the authors write. (medscape.com)
  • In an analysis of a subcohort of 3749 women looking at audiometric thresholds for a more precise measure of hearing loss, women with osteoporosis or low bone density continued to show significantly worse hearing loss when treated with bisphosphonates compared to those without osteoporosis or low bone density. (medscape.com)
  • Recently, researchers have investigated the effects of stroke on bone mineral density (BMD) in male aged between 50 and 70 [ 9 , 10 ]. (e-arm.org)
Fragility2
  • Signs and symptoms can include diffuse body pains, muscle weakness, and fragility of the bones. (wikipedia.org)
  • The TIS can be useful for estimating bone fragility in the lumbar vertebrae of subacute stroke patients. (e-arm.org)
Chronic1
  • Most of the time, the only alleged symptom is chronic fatigue, while bone aches are not spontaneous but only revealed by pressure or shocks. (wikipedia.org)
Differences1
Vertebrae1
  • The vertebrae are composed mainly of trabecular bone, which is more metabolically active than cortical bone. (e-arm.org)
Addition3
  • In addition, the increased bone resorption precedes the increase in osteoblastic activity. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, bone loss is prominent on the paretic side [ 5 - 7 ]. (e-arm.org)
  • In addition, denosumab was found statistically associated with AFF in both the entire database and patients with osteoporosis. (bvsalud.org)
Loss3
  • Possibly, a potential influence of bisphosphonates on the relation of osteoporosis and hearing loss in humans may depend on the type, dose, and timing of bisphosphonate administration," she observed. (medscape.com)
  • Above all, the reduction in mechanical stress on bones is considered to be a major determinant of bone loss [ 6 ]. (e-arm.org)
  • Bone loss starts a few days after stroke, reaches a maximum in the first 3 to 4 months [ 7 ], and then gradually slows until about 1 year after the stroke [ 8 ]. (e-arm.org)
Risk1
  • Therefore, it is important to identify the risk factors related to the pathology of poststroke osteoporosis. (e-arm.org)
Factors1
  • Prior studies investigated several pathophysiologies of osteoporosis after stroke, including decreased bone load due to immobility, endocrine changes, nutritional factors, and medications [ 5 ]. (e-arm.org)