AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Respiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsRespiratory Syncytial VirusesRespiratory Syncytial Virus, HumanRespirovirus InfectionsRespiratory Syncytial Virus, BovineRespiratory Syncytial Virus VaccinesBronchiolitis, ViralBronchiolitisHN ProteinRespiratory Tract InfectionsNasopharynxSigmodontinaePneumonia, ViralAntibodies, ViralLungAntigens, ViralVirus ReplicationViral Fusion ProteinsMice, Inbred BALB CMetapneumovirusNasal Lavage FluidViral ProteinsInfant, NewbornBronchopneumoniaAntiviral AgentsAlcian BluePeriodic Acid-Schiff ReactionViral Envelope ProteinsNoseArvicolinaeRibavirinNasal MucosaNeutralization TestsCattle DiseasesCell LineVirus DiseasesSeasonsParamyxoviridae InfectionsImmunoglobulins, IntravenousFluorescent Antibody TechniqueCytokinesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayAerosolsBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidInfluenza, HumanImmunoglobulin GRespiratory SoundsHospitalizationEpithelial CellsViral LoadRespiratory SystemParainfluenza Virus 3, HumanInterferon-gammaAntibodies, MonoclonalRNA, ViralMucusDisease Models, AnimalVaccinia virusTime FactorsVirus CultivationRNA VirusesMolecular Sequence DataCattleReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionVero CellsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesRespiratory MucosaAcute DiseaseBronchial HyperreactivitySpecific Pathogen-Free OrganismsImmunoglobulin ACells, CulturedTh2 CellsImmunization, PassiveCercopithecus aethiopsDrug ResistanceInterleukin-13RespirovirusChemokinesRNA, MessengerMurine pneumonia virusViral VaccinesOrthomyxoviridaeBronchiVirusesDrug Resistance, MicrobialVirus SheddingAmino Acid SequenceAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedViral Plaque AssayCytopathogenic Effect, ViralParainfluenza Virus 3, BovineDrug Resistance, BacterialPneumovirus InfectionsSeverity of Illness IndexMice, Inbred C57BLDrug Resistance, ViralInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeGene Expression RegulationRisk Factors
PneumoniaBacteriaLower RespiTract infectionsVaccinesRhinovirusPandemicDiseasesPathogensIllnessRegarding the use of influenzaClinicalAntibiotic resistanceImmunityAcute respiratStrainsAntimicrobial resistanceCoronavirusVaricella-zosteVitroPneumovirusNovel antiviral2022Epithelial2018Outbreaks of respiratory infectionCaused by influenzaBronchiolitisCytomegalovirusTreatmentsEbola and MarburgPreventionHerpes simplFungalImmune responseTherapiesLegionellaBroad-spectrumInhibitorInflammationTherapeuticsAirwayMedicationsComplicationsReplicationH1N1PneumococcalViral respiratory infectionVaccineHumans2016SusceptibilityNosocomialDiagnosisSymptomsInhibition2019RotavirusHumanAntibacterialEpidemics
Pneumonia18
  • The study notes that coinfections with things like bacterial pneumonia alongside a viral respiratory infection can also complicate diagnosis and management-particularly with a mindset on efforts to control antimicrobial resistance. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • All three patients had severe pneumonia, developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and died from their illness ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Pneumonia is the second most common cause of infection in nursing home residents, and is associated with notable morbidity and mortality. (aafp.org)
  • However, in severe cases of nursing home-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization and mechanical ventilation, the rates of infection with Staphylococcus aureus and enteric gram-negative organisms appear to exceed those of S. pneumoniae . (aafp.org)
  • Nursing home-acquired pneumonia can also be caused by viral infection ( Table 1 5 - 12 ). (aafp.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has extensively and rapidly spread in the world, causing an outbreak of acute infectious pneumonia. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading rapidly throughout the world. (medsci.org)
  • In HIV-infected men who have sex with men, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), toxoplasmic encephalitis, fungal infections, and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease have decreased in incidence (9). (cdc.gov)
  • Cure and Prevent Acute Respiratory Diseases, Including Complicated Pneumonia and Bronchitis. (rupharma.com)
  • and emerging diseases necessitate the ongoing assessment of vaccine development priorities (e.g., pneumococcal disease in children, respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] pneumonia, malaria). (cdc.gov)
  • The new SARS-COV2, like the viruses that caused SARS and MERS, can infect the lower respiratory tract and cause severe pneumonia, inflammation and respiratory distress in humans in a very short period of time. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Like influenza and viral pneumonia, these SARS-COV2 primarily affect the lungs and is spread primarily through respiratory droplets and direct contact with body secretions. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • In severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Overview of Pneumonia Pneumonia is acute inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. (msdmanuals.com)
  • C. pneumoniae accounts for 2 to 5% of community-acquired pneumonia and is the 2nd most common cause of lung infections in healthy people aged 5 to 35 years. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The majority of the cases are limited to these symptoms, but if the virus progresses along the respiratory tract, it may lead to pneumonia and other complications. (cura4u.com)
  • The Company has generated multiple clinical stage mAbs targeting bacteria that cause life-threatening infections such as ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and preclinical stage antiviral mAbs. (aridispharma.com)
  • If left untreated or without timely medical treatment, the flu can turn into bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, as well as exacerbating preexisting health conditions. (healthdigest.com)
Bacteria10
  • Antibiotics are not needed for treating many sinus infections and some ear infections, which can be caused by either bacteria or viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Antimicrobial resistance occurs when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. (cdc.gov)
  • Remind your patients that antibiotics are only needed to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, not viruses like those that cause colds, flu, RSV, or COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • Respiratory infections are a leading reason for sick visits in pediatric practice, whether they are caused by bacteria, viruses, or other chronic issues-but how best to treat these infections remains a source of debate, both among health care professions and between parents and physicians. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Overuse of antibiotics has led to antibiotic resistance by the bacteria involved in ear infections. (edu.au)
  • Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other organisms can cause these diseases, often known as healthcare-associated infections or nosocomial infections. (credenceresearch.com)
  • It consists of a compound known as Monoterpenes, which proves very effective in fighting bacteria and other dangerous infections. (balancedlive.com)
  • The most commonly identified pathogens are Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , atypical bacteria (ie, Chlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Legionella species), and viruses. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The RNase T2 family consists of evolutionarily conserved endonucleases that express in many different species, including animals, plants, protozoans, bacteria, and viruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Unlike bacteria, viruses lack their own cellular structure-they hijack the cells in our bodies to spread. (deliciousliving.com)
Lower Respi3
  • Seventeen (63%) and 10 (37%) patients had upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the principal viral cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants and young children, immunocompromised and cardiopulmonary diseased patients and also elderly [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effects of seasonal influenza epidemics in developing countries are not fully known, but research estimates that 99% of deaths in children under 5 years of age with influenza-related lower respiratory tract infections are found in developing countries (2). (who.int)
Tract infections9
Vaccines8
  • No vaccines or therapeutics are currently on the market since the discovery of the virus in 1957 [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The urgent development of vaccines or specific antivirals against RSV is impaired by the lack of knowledge regarding its replication mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
  • Through sentinel surveillance, the Public Health Agency of Sweden can monitor which influenza strains are circulating and whether vaccines and antivirals are effective, or whether resistance has developed. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • But as the world learned in 2021, anti-virals and vaccines put pressure on viruses to evolve, so new treatments will always be needed. (ubs.com)
  • However, no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines can be used. (bvsalud.org)
  • Alongside vaccines, antiviral therapeutics are an important part of the healthcare response to countering the ongoing threat presented by COVID-19. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although several vaccines have been authorized for emergency use, new effective antiviral drugs are still needed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Despite the availability of vaccines for certain types of influenza viruses, these pathogenic organisms have a high ability to modify themselves and continue to cause this infection in most people. (cura4u.com)
Rhinovirus2
  • However, during periods of low influenza activity and outside of epidemics situations, the infection of other respiratory viruses e.g. rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza and adenovirus can also present as Influenza-like Illness (ILI) which makes the clinical differentiation of influenza from other pathogens difficult. (who.int)
  • Other viruses such as human rhinovirus and coronavirus could be etiological agents. (benthamscience.com)
Pandemic11
  • To assess outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancy and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection, we reviewed cases during June-December 2009 at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center. (cdc.gov)
  • The A(H1N1) is also written as A(H1N1)pdm09 as it caused the pandemic in 2009 and subsequently replaced the seasonal influenza A(H1N1) virus which had circulated prior to 2009. (who.int)
  • One example is the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), infections of which have surged since the start of the pandemic, causing 177,000 hospitalizations and 14,000 deaths annually in the US alone, according to GSK. (ubs.com)
  • The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. (bvsalud.org)
  • In view of the emerging COVID‑19 pandemic caused by SARS‑CoV‑2 virus, the search for potential protective and therapeutic antiviral strategies is of particular and urgent interest. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Clinical aspects of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • One study analyzed the clinical data of adult patients with pandemic H1N1 2009 infection admitted to the ICU. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of the following article is to review some of the scientific literature on this topic and provide an evidence-based rationale for the prevention and immune resistance of viral challenges, such as the one resulting from the coronavirus responsible for the current pandemic. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Lower levels of infections through the pandemic may have decreased our resistance to infection, a concept known as "immunity debt. (deliciousliving.com)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said adults have about two to three colds a year - but in a global pandemic , a cough could also mean a COVID-19 infection. (healthdigest.com)
  • Lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome more vulnerable to infectious diseases, especial y epi- virus (SARS), avian influenza, Middle East respiratory demic- and pandemic-prone SARI, owing to the lack of syndrome (MERS) and novel H1N1 pandemic influenza preparedness required for critical care services, including posed significant threats to humans, particularly in Asia. (who.int)
Diseases13
  • Certain infections are very significant but are not covered by the Communicable Diseases Act. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Professor Kirsten Spann leads the Respiratory Virus Research Group: a team of researchers examining viruses and respiratory diseases. (edu.au)
  • In addition, scientists have hypothesized that as global temperatures rise, the prevalence of insectborne diseases such as the zika virus and dengue fever will increase as warmer climates expand the habitable range of disease-carrying insects. (ubs.com)
  • The Atriva lead product zapnometinib (ATR-002) was specifically developed to treat diseases caused by RNA viruses, such as influenza and COVID-19. (science4life.de)
  • ReViral is an antiviral drug discovery and development company focused on novel treatments for diseases caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (stevenagecatalyst.com)
  • In 1994, the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recognized that, although strategies were available to reduce the frequency of opportunistic infections in patients who have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, information regarding prevention of both exposure and disease often was published in journals not regularly reviewed by health-care providers. (cdc.gov)
  • Ideal for undergraduate nonscience majors and allied and public health students, this unique text is a hybrid of microbiology and public health and includes material on prions, helminths (worms), biological warfare and terrorism, antibiotic resistance, the global impact of microbial diseases, and immunization. (vivabooksindia.com)
  • The latest epidemiological data, new information on antibiotic resistance, and current discussions on new emerging diseases are included. (vivabooksindia.com)
  • All of these diseases were caused by infections of the respiratory tract by the coronavirus. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Lessened immunity due to other infections, diseases, medications, or treatments is a significant risk factor for influenza. (cura4u.com)
  • Systemic diseases that can increase the chance of developing this infection include asthma , kidney disorder, liver disorder, congestive heart failure , sickle cell anemia, etc. (cura4u.com)
  • Because the symptoms of influenza are similar to other respiratory tract diseases, your doctor may suggest a viral culture test, rapid antigen test, or PCR for a conformational diagnosis. (cura4u.com)
  • There are treatments for some infectious diseases, such as antibiotic , antiviral, antifungal and anti-parasitic medicines. (medlineplus.gov)
Pathogens5
  • There is some benefit to taking a symptom-management approach with limited pharmaceutical intervention with many of these illnesses, but data suggests that in some children, infections caused by pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus can lead to severe illness, hospitalization and the need for intensive care admission, or even death. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • This will inform a redesign of air-conditioner condensers to prevent aerosolized transmission of viruses and other pathogens. (edu.au)
  • Risk factors for infection with multidrug-resistant pathogens include antibiotic therapy within the preceding 90 days, a high incidence of antibiotic resistance in the community or facility, chronic hemodialysis, and immunosuppression. (aafp.org)
  • These findings show that Ci can work against human viral pathogens, including influenza viruses. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • However, with the advent of novel diagnostic technologies, viral respiratory pathogens are increasingly being identified as frequent etiologies of CAP. (medscape.com)
Illness19
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory illness in young children, elderly and immunocompromised individuals worldwide representing a severe burden for health systems. (bvsalud.org)
  • Presentation, progression, and overall impact of respiratory infections can vary based on the virus that caused the illness, the age of the child, and other factors. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • There are not "cures" or defined treatments, per se, for every viral respiratory illness, and the specific pathogen isn't always identified in every respiratory infection. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • The rate at which these infections lead to severe illness in some children has helped to motivate an increase in research into more aggressive treatment strategies for acute viral respiratory infections, according to the report. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Influenza D viruses primarily affect cattle and are not known to infect or cause illness in people. (who.int)
  • Worldwide, these annual epidemics are estimated to result in about 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness, and about 290 000 to 650 000 respiratory deaths. (who.int)
  • Patients should monitor themselves to detect if their condition deteriorates and seek medical attention Patients that are known to be in a group at high risk for developing severe or complicated illness, should be treated with antivirals in addition to symptomatic treatment as soon as possible. (who.int)
  • Clinicians should consider the diagnosis of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in persons with acute respiratory illness and relevant exposure history and should contact their state health departments regarding specimen collection and facilitation of confirmatory testing. (cdc.gov)
  • Most of the confirmed cases involved severe respiratory illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Seasonal influenza A(pH1N1) and influenza B viruses continue to circulate among persons in areas where H7N9 cases have been detected, and the Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported that rates of influenza-like illness are consistent with expected seasonal levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Sentinel surveillance is used to sample patients with acute respiratory infection and influenza-like illness. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are important causes of respiratory illness and mortality in nursing home residents. (aafp.org)
  • Influenza viruses also can cause pandemics, during which rates of illness and death from influenza-related complications can increase worldwide. (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccination is associated with reductions in influenza-related respiratory illness and physician visits among all age groups, hospitalization and death among persons at high risk, otitis media among children, and work absenteeism among adults ( 8--18 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Anaplasma bad arthritis in dogs etodolac 200 mg without a prescription, Babesia, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia (spotted fever)-titer supplied Lyme illness, Powassan virus-Positive, Negative, Equivocal Tularemia-Negative, Positive (with titer). (aislesociety.com)
  • The presence of IgG antibody towards a specific virus or organism could not guarantee safety from that illness. (aislesociety.com)
  • However, in patients who are immunocompromised, antivirals have a role in treating illness that might progress. (medscape.com)
  • There is currently a wealth of information on the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 including how this virus impacts health as well as recommendations for various interventions to protect oneself from this illness. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • 3 There is a wide range of symptom severity from minor respiratory illness to life-threatening multi-system complications and death. (health.gov.au)
Regarding the use of influenza2
  • This report updates the 2004 recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of influenza vaccine and antiviral agents (CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • The information on this page should be considered as examples of background information for the current influenza season for clinical practice regarding the use of influenza antiviral medications. (cdc.gov)
Clinical14
  • The breadth of antiviral activity was tested against recent RSV clinical strains and human coronavirus (hCoV-229E), and in pseudotype-based entry assays with non-RSV viruses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pharmaceutical targeting of OGG1 activity may have clinical utility in modulating antiviral response. (lu.se)
  • These cells provide a non-invasive pre-clinical model to better understand disease processes such as epithelial barrier function, antiviral and antimicrobial immune defence, ciliary function, mucus production and treatment responses. (edu.au)
  • PF-07321332 has demonstrated oral activity in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 model and has achieved oral plasma concentrations exceeding the in vitro antiviral cell potency in a phase 1 clinical trial in healthy human participants. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results suggest that early and aggressive treatment action should be taken in patients with a high clinical suspicion of severe influenza infection. (medscape.com)
  • London, UK, 31st October 2016 - ReViral, an antiviral drug discovery and development company developing innovative therapies against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), announced today the initiation of a Phase 1 clinical trial for RV521, its novel orally-active small molecule inhibitor of RSV fusion. (stevenagecatalyst.com)
  • Antiviral agents shorten the clinical course, prevent complications, prevent development of latency and subsequent recurrences, decrease transmission, and eliminate established latency. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical experience in the treatment of arenavirus infections is primarily with Lassa fever, but anecdotal experience in South American arenaviruses also exists. (medscape.com)
  • Viral resistance should be considered in patients with poor clinical response or persistent viral excretion. (medscape.com)
  • In general, antivirals do not provide clinical benefits in persons with viral pharyngitis. (medscape.com)
  • Molnupiravir maintains antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro and in early clinical studies. (besthealthideas.com)
  • This is followed by thorough clinical examination, and vital signs are checked (temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate). (cura4u.com)
  • AR-201 is a fully human IgG1 mAb out-licensed preclinical program aimed at neutralizing diverse clinical isolates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (aridispharma.com)
  • Medscape Medical News talked with Auwaerter, as well as family physician Santina J. G. Wheat, MD, MPH, and clinical pharmacist Spencer H. Durham, PharmD, about their approach to this year's respiratory virus season. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic resistance3
  • The growth of antibiotic resistance is one of the major issues. (credenceresearch.com)
  • Many hospital-acquired illnesses are caused by microorganisms that have developed antibiotic resistance. (credenceresearch.com)
  • however, treatment has been compromised by the evolution of antibiotic resistance to the antibiotics used to treat gonorrhea. (cdc.gov)
Immunity8
  • In the past she worked from 2006 to 2008 as a postdoctoral fellow (Professor M Lipsitch and Professor R Malley, Harvard School of Public Health/Boston Children's Hospital) where she executed in vitro and animal studies on susceptibility of infants to pneumococcal colonization and infection, with specific emphasis on host-immunity. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Zinc is known to modulate antiviral and antibacterial immunity and regulate inflammatory response. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Improved antiviral immunity by zinc may also occur through up‑regulation of interferon α production and increasing its antiviral activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, Zn may possess protective effect as preventive and adjuvant therapy of COVID‑19 through reducing inflammation, improvement of mucociliary clearance, prevention of ventilator‑induced lung injury, modulation of antiviral and antibacterial immunity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This suggests past or present an infection with Varicella virus through acquired immunity or vaccination and probable safety from medical an infection (Immunity). (aislesociety.com)
  • These components collectively work to fight off infections and improve the body's immunity system. (balancedlive.com)
  • In 2017, Dr. Compton joined the HIV Dynamics and Replication Program as Head of the Antiviral Immunity and Resistance Section to develop a research program focused on mechanisms of protection mediated by the cell-intrinsic innate immune response, as well as the strategies employed by HIV and emerging viruses to evade or overcome these immune barriers. (cancer.gov)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results from 1 of 2 similar retroviruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) that destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and impair cell-mediated immunity, increasing risk of certain. (msdmanuals.com)
Acute respirat1
  • Critical patients may progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock and even death. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
Strains4
  • 1. Effectiveness: Peptide-based agents have demonstrated efficacy against a wide range of viruses, including drug-resistant strains. (researchpeptides.net)
  • To complicate things even more, there are variants within each subtype, since influenza viruses are permanently evolving and new strains are constantly emerging (this explains why the vaccine changes each year). (pasteur.fr)
  • Each year, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends which strains should be used to compose the vaccine (three in France and four in other countries) on the basis of the information it receives from the different countries on the viruses circulating there. (pasteur.fr)
  • Hospitals also send us influenza virus strains from severe cases or treatment failures so that we can analyze their sensitivity to antiviral drugs. (pasteur.fr)
Antimicrobial resistance7
  • U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week is an annual one-week observance that gives participating organizations an opportunity to raise awareness of the importance of appropriate antibiotic use to combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • When a patient needs antibiotics, the benefits outweigh the risks of side effects and antimicrobial resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • Improving the way we take antibiotics helps keep us healthy now, helps fight antimicrobial resistance, and ensures that these life-saving antibiotics will be available for future generations. (cdc.gov)
  • These organisms can be associated with antimicrobial resistance, especially in the nursing home setting. (aafp.org)
  • In the broader infectious disease category, we see antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a particular challenge not just for the healthcare industry but for society more broadly. (ubs.com)
  • Growing resistance to current antibiotics has led one influential report (Review on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2016) to estimate that if the issue of AMR is not addressed, it could lead to 10 million deaths annually by 2050. (ubs.com)
  • In contrast to previous antimicrobial resistance patterns, declining azithromycin susceptibility occurred in all parts of the country, especially in the Midwest, as well as among men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex with men and women, and heterosexuals. (cdc.gov)
Coronavirus9
  • However, little is known about the antiviral abilities and mechanism of KD-1 against SARS-CoV-2 and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E). (bvsalud.org)
  • Our findings indicated that KD-1 protected against virus attack and can thus be used as a novel strategy for controlling the coronavirus disease 2019. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we report the discovery and characterization of PF-07321332, an orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor with in vitro pan-human coronavirus antiviral activity and excellent off-target selectivity and in vivo safety profiles. (bvsalud.org)
  • Considering the safety of Naphthoquine was even better than that of Chloroquine, we think Naphthoquine has the potential to be used as a broad-spectrum drug for coronavirus infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previously, there were two outbreaks of severe coronavirus caused by different coronaviruses worldwide, namely Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). (medsci.org)
  • 9 Coronavirus is characterized by spikes sticking out from the surface, which in part have the same characteristics as SARS-CoV, and other four Human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 (human coronavirus NL63), HCoV-229E (human coronavirus 229E), HCoV-OC43 (human coronavirus OC43), and HCoV-HKU1 (human coronavirus HKU1), which only cause mild respiratory diseases. (medsci.org)
  • The coronavirus that causes the disease known as COVID-19 is called SARS-COV2 and is closely related to the viruses that caused SARS (Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome) in the 2002 outbreak and MERS (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome) in the 2012 and 2015 outbreaks. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Small-molecule antiviral beta-d-N 4 -hydroxycytidine inhibits a proofreading-intact coronavirus with a high genetic barrier to resistance. (besthealthideas.com)
  • According to the Mayo Clinic , SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 infections, while rhinoviruses are the common culprit behind a cold. (healthdigest.com)
Varicella-zoste1
  • Acyclovir is also the drug of choice for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis, although ganciclovir is also considered an alternative option. (medscape.com)
Vitro6
  • PURPOSE: The study was designed to investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities of KD-1 against the novel SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-229E and its potential effect in regulating host immune response in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: KD-1 could significantly inhibit virus proliferation in vitro, the up-regulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines induced by SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-229E by regulating the activity of the NF-кB signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • In vitro experiments demonstrate that Zn2+ possesses antiviral activity through inhibition of SARS‑CoV RNA polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, during in vitro studies, only low levels of virus resistance to RV521 were observed. (stevenagecatalyst.com)
  • In vitro evidence exists for activity against West Nile virus. (medscape.com)
  • Apoptosis induced in vitro and in vivo during infection by Ebola and Marburg viruses. (prolekarniky.cz)
Pneumovirus1
Novel antiviral1
  • The company has developed a novel antiviral programme targeting RSV fusion with highly potent, orally bioavailable inhibitors, strong drug-like characteristics and good pharmacokinetic properties offering versatility in route of administration. (stevenagecatalyst.com)
20223
  • The global demand for Hospital Infection Therapeutics was valued at USD 10512.5 million in 2022 and is expected to reach USD 13111.4 Million in 2030, growing at a CAGR of 5.00% between 2023 and 2030. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The Fungal category was the highest contributor to Hospital-acquired Infection Market revenue in 2022, while Bacterial Infections are another key area in the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • In the wake of a surge of respiratory infections in late 2022, parents are looking ahead with some trepidation and wondering how we can best support our kids. (deliciousliving.com)
Epithelial7
  • The antiviral potential of SB105-A10 was further assessed using human-derived tracheal/bronchial epithelial cells cultured to form a pseudo-stratified, highly differentiated model of the epithelial tissue of the human respiratory tract. (mattek.com)
  • We found that functional inhibition, genetic ablation, and inactivation by post-translational modification of OGG1 significantly augment IFN-λ expression in epithelial cells infected by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (lu.se)
  • Professor Spann's group is utilising and developing 3D nasal and lung primary epithelial cell culture models to better understand the underlying causes of respiratory disease. (edu.au)
  • In collaboration with researchers at The University of Queensland they identified that airway epithelial cells from pre-asthmatic wheezy children respond very differently to different viral infections, some resulting in suppression of the immune response, such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), a common childhood respiratory pathogen, while other viruses do not suppress the immune response. (edu.au)
  • Professor Spann is collaborating with the University of Queensland and Queensland Government Metro South Hospital and Health District to examining the effect of viruses on exacerbations of COPD and how changes in the antiviral immune response of airway epithelial cells affect disease severity. (edu.au)
  • We investigated the expression of miRNAs with diverse functions including proliferation (miR-20a), differentiation (miR-22) or innate/adaptive immune responses (miR-132) in primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) of asthmatics following infection with the H1N1 strain of IAV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An orally bioavailable broad-spectrum antiviral inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in human airway epithelial cell cultures and multiple coronaviruses in mice. (besthealthideas.com)
20181
Outbreaks of respiratory infection2
  • 13 , 14 Physicians should suspect viral etiologies from late fall through early spring, and whenever outbreaks of respiratory infection occur. (aafp.org)
  • C. pneumoniae is commonly responsible for outbreaks of respiratory infection within families, in college dormitories, and in military training camps. (msdmanuals.com)
Caused by influenza1
  • Seasonal influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses which circulate in all parts of the world. (who.int)
Bronchiolitis3
  • In a mouse model of bronchiolitis induced by RSV infection, functional ablation of OGG1 by a small molecule inhibitor (TH5487) enhances IFN-λ production, decreases immunopathology, neutrophilia, and confers antiviral protection. (lu.se)
  • Results: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral bronchiolitis in young children. (benthamscience.com)
  • Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. (benthamscience.com)
Cytomegalovirus3
  • Most attention was focused on recent data related to chemoprophylaxis against disseminated MAC disease, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and fungal infections and to immunization against Streptococcus pneumoniae. (cdc.gov)
  • In immunocompromised patients, treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and cytomegalovirus infections may be appropriate, especially if lower airway disease is suspected. (medscape.com)
  • Foscarnet or ganciclovir are recommended for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections (CMV) in immunocompromised patients. (medscape.com)
Treatments6
  • Pediatricians know that targeted treatments based on the underlying source of infection or disease process is best when it comes to treating childhood infections, 2 but pressure from parents can be difficult to manage when wait-and-see approaches to treatment are indicated. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Many of these medications help to target and direct immune responses, but broad-spectrum antiviral medications and antibody treatments are also increasingly attractive for these purposes, the researchers note. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Hospital infections may be dangerous for patients since they are frequently resistant to standard treatments, resulting in problems and increased healthcare expenses. (credenceresearch.com)
  • This versatility is particularly valuable in the context of emerging or rapidly evolving viruses where traditional treatments may be less effective. (researchpeptides.net)
  • The use of mAbs as anti-infective treatments represents an innovative therapeutic approach that harnesses the human immune system to fight infections and is designed to overcome the deficiencies associated with the current standard of care which is broad spectrum antibiotics. (aridispharma.com)
  • Such deficiencies include, but are not limited to, increasing drug resistance, short duration of efficacy, disruption of the normal flora of the human microbiome and lack of differentiation among current treatments. (aridispharma.com)
Ebola and Marburg1
  • A medicinal plant has been discovered that may help prevent HIV, as well as the Ebola and Marburg viruses, from developing. (pharmacytimes.com)
Prevention8
  • There she initiated several ecological studies of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in relation to pathogenesis and prevention of respiratory infections. (ed.ac.uk)
  • On March 29, 2013, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention completed laboratory confirmation of three human infections with an avian influenza A(H7N9) virus not previously reported in humans ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, the growing emphasis on infection control and prevention in hospital settings provides potential for businesses to deliver novel solutions. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The ACIP also publishes recommendations on the use of antiviral agents for prevention and treatment of influenza . (medscape.com)
  • Antiviral agents available for influenza treatment and/or prevention include neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir) and the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor (baloxavir marboxil). (medscape.com)
  • In response, USPHS/IDSA developed comprehensive guidelines for health-care providers and patients that consolidated information pertaining to the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with HIV. (cdc.gov)
  • The response to the 1995 guidelines (e.g., the many requests for reprints and observations from health-care providers) suggests that they have served as a valuable reference against which local policies regarding prevention of opportunistic infections could be compared. (cdc.gov)
  • Meyer highlights the importance of healthy habits, mental health, and nutrient testing for infection prevention. (deliciousliving.com)
Herpes simpl4
  • Acyclovir has demonstrated inhibitory activity against both herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and is taken up selectively by infected cells. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection or gonococcal upper airway disease also benefit from specific treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Although acyclovir remains standard first-line therapy, effective management of acyclovir-resistant disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) in pregnancy remains elusive. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Fulminant herpes simplex virus (HSV) hepatitis with disseminated extrahepatic involvement is a rare complication of herpes virus infection, traditionally described in significantly immunocompromised hosts. (thieme-connect.de)
Fungal3
  • Virology is part of the broader infectious disease category, which also includes bacterial and fungal infections. (ubs.com)
  • Garlic also consists of Ajoene , which helps cure fungal infections like athlete's foot which trouble people all across the globe. (balancedlive.com)
  • Athlete's foot and yeast infections are common fungal infections. (medlineplus.gov)
Immune response5
  • A 3D cell culture model for COPD is being used to understand immune response profiles and identify treatment targets that will reduce the effect of viral infections. (edu.au)
  • In SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, inhibition of MEK1/2 by zapnometinib significantly reduces virus production.2 In addition, zapnometinib has the potential to modulate the host immune response and avoid an excessive cytokine/chemokine response that can be caused by viral infections. (science4life.de)
  • 4. Modulation of host immune response: Some peptides can enhance the host immune response against viral infections by stimulating the production of antiviral cytokines or activating immune cells. (researchpeptides.net)
  • Following tissue damage, RNase T2 is secreted and participates in resistance against RNA viruses or functions as an alarm signaling molecule to regulate the host immune response and contributes to tissue remodeling and repair ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 7. Younan P, Iampietro M, Bukreyev A. Disabling of lymphocyte immune response by Ebola virus. (prolekarniky.cz)
Therapies2
  • The Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market is concerned with the development and distribution of effective pharmaceuticals and therapies to battle these infections and enhance patient outcomes. (credenceresearch.com)
  • Atriva Therapeutics GmbH , a biopharmaceutical company pioneering the development of host-targeting antiviral therapies, announced today the publication of proof-of-concept data for its oral MEK inhibitor, zapnometinib, in hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in the journal eClinicalMedicine. (science4life.de)
Legionella1
  • Prognosis is excellent for relatively young or healthy patients, but many pneumonias, especially when caused by S. pneumoniae , Legionella , Staphylococcus aureus , or influenza virus, are serious or even fatal in older, sicker patients. (msdmanuals.com)
Broad-spectrum6
  • Additionally, peptides can be designed to have broad-spectrum activity, meaning they can effectively combat a wide range of viral infections. (researchpeptides.net)
  • 3. Broad-spectrum activity: Unlike many conventional antivirals that are specific to a particular virus or family of viruses, peptide-based agents can be designed to have broad-spectrum activity. (researchpeptides.net)
  • Arbidol is broad-spectrum medication that provides immunomodulating and antiviral action. (rupharma.com)
  • Orally efficacious broad-spectrum ribonucleoside analog inhibitor of influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses. (besthealthideas.com)
  • Human safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of molnupiravir, a novel broad-spectrum oral antiviral agent with activity against SARS-CoV-2. (besthealthideas.com)
  • AR-501 is an inhaled formulation of gallium citrate with broad-spectrum anti-infective activity being developed to treat chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. (aridispharma.com)
Inhibitor1
  • Zapnometinib is an oral, non-ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1/MEK2 with immunomodulatory and antiviral properties. (science4life.de)
Inflammation4
  • My research group has a major focus on investigating the physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory infections and inflammation from an ecological perspective, with the ultimate goal to design new or improved treatment and preventive measures for respiratory infections in susceptible populations. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Additionally, antibiotics do not treat upper respiratory viruses, such as cold viruses, that cause ear inflammation in the first place. (edu.au)
  • CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium (3 - 8). (rndsystems.com)
  • Bronchiectasis Bronchiectasis is dilation and destruction of larger bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)
Therapeutics8
  • The global Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market has been steadily growing in recent years and is predicted to grow at a 5.00% CAGR between 2023 and 2030. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market is a sizable sector of the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The increased frequency of hospital-acquired infections is one of the primary drivers of the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • Despite these obstacles, the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market offers development potential. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market refers to the therapeutics market for infections that arise in healthcare environments such as hospitals. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The intravenous (IV) segment is the most important and topical is another major component in the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • Exogenous Infections is the fastest expanding area in the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market, while Endogenous Infections is another key category in the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The Pediatrics sector has the largest market share, while Adults are also a significant category in the Hospital Infection Therapeutics Market. (credenceresearch.com)
Airway2
  • Insertion of tongue depressors or other instruments may provoke airway spasm and precipitate respiratory compromise. (medscape.com)
  • Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) may also magnify pre-existing airway remodeling leading to asthma exacerbation. (biomedcentral.com)
Medications2
  • Other medications, like antivirals, can treat viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • It is concerned with creating and delivering medications to treat infections that arise in healthcare environments such as hospitals. (credenceresearch.com)
Complications4
  • [ 2 ] Early antiviral therapy must be considered among hospitalized children diagnosed with or suspected to have influenza, especially if they have risk factors such as asthma, cardiac problems, or other conditions, to prevent severe complications and prolonged hospitalization. (medscape.com)
  • Arbidol increases resistance of the body to viral infections, prevents the development of complications, enhances immune system functions. (rupharma.com)
  • In most cases, the infection resolves on its own within two weeks, but in some cases might lead to serious complications. (cura4u.com)
  • Dr. Dora Ho specializes in infection complications in immunocompromised patients, such as those with bone marrow transplant, solid organ transplant, cancers and other forms of immunodeficiency. (stanford.edu)
Replication11
  • RSV utilizes a host protease in its replication cycle but its potential as antiviral target is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcription and replication of viral genomes occur within cytoplasmatic virus-induced spherical inclusions, commonly referred as inclusion bodies (IBs). (bvsalud.org)
  • One molecule inhibited transcription/replication in hRSV replicon assays, did not select for phenotypic hRSV resistance and was active against non-hRSV viruses, including hCoV-229E. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results suggested that Naphthoquine may influence virus entry and post-entry replication. (bvsalud.org)
  • Non-structural proteins are involved in the transcription and replication of the virus. (medsci.org)
  • Many RNA viruses need to activate this pathway to ensure replication, including influenza viruses, hanta viruses, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), including SARS-CoV-2. (science4life.de)
  • Example: Peptides targeting the NS3-NS4A protease complex in hepatitis C virus (HCV) interfere with viral replication by disrupting protein-protein interactions necessary for protease activity. (researchpeptides.net)
  • Because the APOBEC and IFITM proteins restrict the replication of a number of viruses in addition to HIV, this work has broad implications for the understanding of host-pathogen interactions. (cancer.gov)
  • New viruses are assembled from these components which eventually burst out of the cells causing cell destruction and are then able to infect other cells and begin replication all over again. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • As with SARS, COVID-19 disease occurs in stages: first, there is initial infection that allows viral replication, spread of the viral infection throughout the respiratory system, followed by an inflammatory response which can include in more serious cases immune hyper-reactivity. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • 16. Abdelnabi R , Foo CS , De Jonghe S , Maes P , Weynand B , Neyts J . Molnupiravir inhibits the replication of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) in a hamster infection model. (besthealthideas.com)
H1N12
  • Currently circulating in humans are subtype A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) influenza viruses. (who.int)
  • Rapid-test sensitivity for novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans. (cdc.gov)
Pneumococcal1
  • She obtained her PhD degree cum laude from the Erasmus University in Rotterdam, Netherlands (Supervisors: Professor R de Groot, Professor P Hermans, 1999-2004), for her studies on pathogenesis of pneumococcal infections, focusing on (molecular) epidemiology of bacterial colonization of the upper respiratory tract. (ed.ac.uk)
Viral respiratory infection1
  • Talk to your patients about why they don't need antibiotics for a viral respiratory infection, what to do to feel better, and when to seek care again if they don't feel better. (cdc.gov)
Vaccine2
  • We characterize the influenza viruses and determine their genome sequences to see how they are evolving and whether they still match the vaccine. (pasteur.fr)
  • Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: final results from the Guinea ring vaccination, open-label, cluster-randomised trial (Ebola Ca Suffit! (prolekarniky.cz)
Humans5
  • RSV is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus belonging to the Mononegavirales order (MNV) which includes other viruses pathogenic to humans as Rabies (RabV), Ebola (EBOV), or measles (MeV) viruses. (bvsalud.org)
  • As of April 29, 2013, China had reported 126 confirmed H7N9 infections in humans, among whom 24 (19%) died ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The team will continue to focus on exploring the potential of these plant-based antivirals using humans to study the active antiviral ingredients. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • There are three types of influenza virus in humans, A, B and C. Types A and B are responsible for annual outbreaks. (pasteur.fr)
  • Before 2019, there were six coronaviruses that could infect humans and cause respiratory disease but most of these only affected the upper respiratory tract and caused symptoms similar to the common cold. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
20161
  • The most widespread virus in France during the last winter outbreak in 2016-2017 was an A virus (H3N2). (pasteur.fr)
Susceptibility1
  • It is too early to know if this decline in azithromycin susceptibility is a trend, but it is concerning because gonorrhea can rapidly develop resistance and widespread resistance could have major treatment implications. (cdc.gov)
Nosocomial1
  • Rigorous infection control, improved techniques for diagnosing respiratory disease, and early antiviral therapy can prevent nosocomial transmission and optimize patient care. (cdc.gov)
Diagnosis2
  • A new study notes that coinfections, amongst other issues, can complicate diagnosis and management of respiratory infections in children. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Collection of appropriate respiratory samples and the application of a laboratory diagnostic test is required to establish a definitive diagnosis. (who.int)
Symptoms15
  • 16 y who have symptoms of influenza infection or colds, aspirin is not recommended because of an association with Reye syndrome . (medscape.com)
  • The expression "struck down by flu" vividly illustrates the intensity of the symptoms that typically characterize the infection - sudden onset of high fever, muscle pain, headache, generally feeling unwell, dry cough, sore throat and runny nose. (pasteur.fr)
  • Therapy addressing specific symptoms is the mainstay for most upper respiratory infections (URIs). (medscape.com)
  • However, unlike the other viruses, it is able to spread even when people have mild to no symptoms. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • Many people who are infected have mild to no symptoms but act as carriers or vectors, spreading the virus throughout the population unknowingly. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • The infectiousness of the SARS-COV2 virus is the major factor in its ability to spread because many people are contagious with mild to no symptoms. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • The onset of symptoms caused by the influenza virus are sudden, but they usually occur after an incubation period of one to four days. (cura4u.com)
  • The first step towards diagnosing the influenza virus is to record the history of symptoms, onset, and duration of the disease in the infected person. (cura4u.com)
  • Elderberry syrup reduces respiratory symptoms, and the honey base is a hit with many kids. (deliciousliving.com)
  • The flu and other viruses that place your immune system on high alert can mimic symptoms similar to the common cold. (healthdigest.com)
  • These symptoms appear 2 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. (healthdigest.com)
  • Influenza, the virus that causes the flu, is more contagious than a cold and can produce mild to severe symptoms. (healthdigest.com)
  • Also, we know that rebound symptoms are not always infectious virus. (medscape.com)
  • Unless a person is immune suppressed, they rarely have a culturable virus 7 to 8 days after onset of symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • But for other infections, such as some caused by viruses, you can only treat your symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
Inhibition2
  • To gain insight into the mechanism of this inhibition, AEBSF treatment was applied during different phases of an infection cycle (pre-, peri- and post-inoculation treatment). (biomedcentral.com)
  • It exerts its antiviral activity by selective inhibition at pyrophosphate-binding sites on virus-specific DNA polymerases at concentrations that do not affect cellular DNA polymerases, inhibiting DNA synthesis. (medscape.com)
20191
  • In December 2019, the novel severe acute respiratory plies. (who.int)
Rotavirus1
  • Studies also show that Monoterpenes protects against the herpes virus, Rotavirus, and similar types of viral infections. (balancedlive.com)
Human6
  • No evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission has been found, and no human cases of H7N9 virus infection have been detected outside China, including the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The source of the human infections remains under investigation. (cdc.gov)
  • Effectiveness of antiviral treatment in human influenza A(H5N1) infections: analysis of a Global Patient Registry. (cdc.gov)
  • Coronaviruses are enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses which replicate by binding to human cell receptors, entering the cells and high-jacking the cell's genetic machinery to reproduce viral components. (sanjosefuncmed.com)
  • (A) Amino acid sequence of RNases T2 from human, mouse, rabbit, fruit fly, and classical swine fever virus showing the wide evolutionary conservation of these enzymes. (frontiersin.org)
  • AR-401 is a fully human mAb preclinical program aimed at treating infections caused by gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii . (aridispharma.com)
Antibacterial1
  • Improved Zn status may also reduce the risk of bacterial co‑infection by improving mucociliary clearance and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium, as well as direct antibacterial effects against S. pneumoniae. (spandidos-publications.com)
Epidemics3
  • There are 4 types of seasonal influenza viruses, types A, B, C and D. Influenza A and B viruses are the most common and cause seasonal epidemics of disease globally (1). (who.int)
  • Foodborne infections, epidemics and pandemics are frequently headline news. (vivabooksindia.com)
  • 4-13 Children act as a major viral reservoir during epidemics, transmitting infection to both their families and the community. (health.gov.au)