MeiosisGenes23rd pairChromatinDiploidRecombination eventsSynapsisPairsSpeciesAllelesGeneticsLociKaryotypeMaternal chromosomeChromosomalPaternal chromosomeMeiotic recombinationHomologyHomologsIdenticalInterphaseDuplicationSynaptonemal ComplexCell'sSequencesScaffoldsProteinsHumansPairHybridizationCentromereEvolutionaryMalesAneuploidyStructuralProbesGenetic variationPopulationsSaccharomycesCombinationsMolecularMetacentricCytogenetic and Genome ResearchTranslocationMicroscopyGenome ResearchCellVariantsTraitsCompositionBiologyLinkageParallelContributionInteractions
Meiosis17
- Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points along each chromosome which enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
- This mixing of maternal and paternal traits is enhanced by crossing over during meiosis, wherein lengths of chromosomal arms and the DNA they contain within a homologous chromosome pair are exchanged with one another. (wikipedia.org)
- Later on during the 1930s Harriet Creighton and Barbara McClintock were studying meiosis in corn cells and examining gene loci on corn chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Homologous chromosomes are important in the processes of meiosis and mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
- In Which Part Of Meiosis Does Random Alignment Of Homologous Chromosomes Occur? (styleslicker.com)
- Meiosis is a sequence of events that organize and separate chromosomes into daughter cells. (styleslicker.com)
- During the interphase of meiosis, every chromosome is duplicated. (styleslicker.com)
- How many homologous chromosome alignments are potential for independent assortment throughout meiosis? (styleslicker.com)
- In mitosis, the daughter cells have the identical variety of chromosomes as the mother or father cell, while in meiosis, the daughter cells have half the variety of chromosomes as the parent. (styleslicker.com)
- Chromosome pairing and synapsis during Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis. (utah.edu)
- Dynein-Dependent Processive Chromosome Motions Promote Homologous Pairing in C. elegans Meiosis. (utah.edu)
- Analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in chromatin dynamics, homologous recombination, and chromosome segregation during meiosis will elucidate causes for infertility and birth defects as a result of aneuploidy. (upenn.edu)
- As an egg cell, or oocyte, matures inside a woman's ovary, it undergoes a type of cell division called meiosis, in which the pairs of chromosomes inside it are lined up and fished apart, and half of them are expelled. (scienceinschool.org)
- In 1930, Barbara was the first person to describe the cross-shaped interaction of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. (biologywise.com)
- Crossovers (CO) shuffle genetic information and physically connect homologous chromosomal pairs, ensuring their balanced segregation during meiosis. (bvsalud.org)
- Germ cells (egg and sperm) divide through meiosis, which reduces the number of chromosomes to 23-half the number in somatic cells. (msdmanuals.com)
- In meiosis, the genetic information inherited from a person's mother and father is recombined through crossing over (exchange between homologous chromosomes). (msdmanuals.com)
Genes21
- Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. (wikipedia.org)
- The alleles on the homologous chromosomes may be different, resulting in different phenotypes of the same genes. (wikipedia.org)
- Using test cross experiments, he revealed that, for a single parent, the alleles of genes near to one another along the length of the chromosome move together. (wikipedia.org)
- Using this logic he concluded that the two genes he was studying were located on homologous chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes which contain the same genes in the same order along their chromosomal arms. (wikipedia.org)
- In humans, the 22 pairs of homologous autosomal chromosomes contain the same genes but code for different traits in their allelic forms, as one was inherited from the mother and one from the father. (wikipedia.org)
- This is essential in determining the genes carried by a gamete, as each will solely obtain one of many two homologous chromosomes. (styleslicker.com)
- We are now using advanced optical mapping technology to reproduce these maps in the absence of genetic variation, in order to disentangle the role of chromosome structure from the potential for genetic incompatibilities ("speciation genes") skewing our results. (drexel.edu)
- CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing has revolutionized genetic research, triggering the development of a plethora of technologies and applications that provide unprecedented control over genes in a growing list of model species ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ). (life-science-alliance.org)
- We have created novel methods for inserting therapeutic genes into the chromosomes at specific places by using homologous recombination and recombinase enzymes. (stanford.edu)
- Modern genomic research generally focuses on the role of individual genes but the role of chromosomes and homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) is often disregarded. (ukri.org)
- She published the first genetic map for corn in 1931, showing the order of three genes on chromosome 9. (biologywise.com)
- This mouse carries a trisomy for a large portion of the distal region of the long arm of mouse chromosome 16 that has 60% of all human chromosome 21 homologous genes in this species. (bvsalud.org)
- Genes are contained in chromosomes in the cell nucleus and mitochondria. (msdmanuals.com)
- Twenty-two of the pairs, chromosome numbers 1 to 22, the autosomes, are normally homologous (identical in size, shape, and position and number of genes). (msdmanuals.com)
- The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes (X and Y), determines a person's sex as well as containing other functional genes. (msdmanuals.com)
- the smaller Y chromosome carries genes that initiate male sex differentiation, as well as a few other genes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Genes are arranged linearly along the DNA of chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
- The genes that occupy the same locus on each chromosome of a pair (one inherited from the mother and one from the father) are called alleles. (msdmanuals.com)
- Some genes occur in multiple copies that may be next to each other or in different locations in the same or different chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
- A chromosome contains many genes. (msdmanuals.com)
23rd pair3
- The additional 23rd pair is the sex chromosomes, X and Y. Note that the pair of sex chromosomes may or may not be homologous, depending on the sex of the individual. (wikipedia.org)
- Conversely, males contain XY, which means that they have a non-homologous pair of sex chromosomes as their 23rd pair of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- The 23rd pair, the intercourse chromosomes, differ between men and women. (styleslicker.com)
Chromatin4
- Chromosomes are linear arrangements of condensed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone proteins, which form a complex called chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
- Beyond the ongoing PS-OP research focused on chromatin motions during DNA repair, PS-OP researchers anticipate broad applicability of novel 3D imaging resources to study chromatin in multiple contexts. (cancer.gov)
- Double minute chromosomes (dmins) are a form of gene amplification presenting as small spherical paired chromatin bodies. (hindawi.com)
- Double minute chromosomes (dmins) are cytogenetic indicators of extrachromosomal gene amplification which usually act as small spherical paired chromatin particles [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diploid6
- In diploid (2n) organisms, the genome is composed of one set of each homologous chromosome pair, as compared to tetraploid organisms which may have two sets of each homologous chromosome pair. (wikipedia.org)
- One set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the mother (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X only)) and one set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the father (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X or Y)). Ultimately, this means that humans are diploid (2n) organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- The authors deliberately induced a single DSB in one of the homologous chromosomes in a diploid yeast strain and achieved homologous recombination-based "loss of heterozygosity" events within 20 kb of the target site. (life-science-alliance.org)
- In a diploid genome without CNVs, each SNP genotype call is composed of two allele calls from two homologous chromosomes. (openbioinformatics.org)
- In eukaryotes, cells usually contain a diploid genome comprised of pairs of homologous chromosomes. (crcordeliers.fr)
- Typically, when a diploid cell divides, it first duplicates each of its chromosomes. (jove.com)
Recombination events1
- The HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies) deletion and CMT1A (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A) duplication are the reciprocal products of homologous recombination events between misaligned flanking CMT1A-REP repeats on chromosome 17p11. (nih.gov)
Synapsis2
- Therefore, when two chromosomes containing the relatively same structure exist (e.g., maternal chromosome 15 and paternal chromosome 15), they are able to pair together via the process of synapsis to form homologous chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Direct visualization reveals kinetics of meiotic chromosome synapsis. (utah.edu)
Pairs4
- Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, but there are only 22 pairs of homologous autosomal chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- This means that females have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes in total (i.e., 22 pairs of non-sex chromosomes (autosomes), 1 pair of sex chromosomes). (wikipedia.org)
- In humans, somatic (nongerm) cell nuclei normally have 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. (msdmanuals.com)
- Except for certain cells (for example, sperm and egg cells and red blood cells), the cell nucleus contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Species3
- Evaluating homology between the sex chromosomes of different species is an important first step in deducing the origins and evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in a clade. (marquette.edu)
- Here we present an annotated, chromosome-anchored, genome assembly for Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) - a highly diverse salmonid species of notable conservation concern and an excellent model for research on adaptation and speciation. (authorea.com)
- Self-vs-self synteny analysis allowed us to identify homeologs resulting from the Salmonid specific autotetraploid event (Ss4R) and alignment with three other salmonid species allowed us to identify homologous chromosomes in other species. (authorea.com)
Alleles3
- The dominant theoretical model for the early stages of sex chromosome evolution 3 , 4 , 5 predicts that recombination will be selected against in the region between a sex determining gene and a nearby locus with alleles of sex-specific effect. (nature.com)
- The different colors (cyan, yellow, orange, green) for the SNP alleles denote different homologous chromosomes. (openbioinformatics.org)
- Again note that the procedure of inferring SNP alleles in each homologous chromosome may not be deterministic. (openbioinformatics.org)
Genetics3
- New technology can be a catalyst for our thinking about issues of life, and we can think of the examples like assisted reproductive technologies, life sustaining technology, organ transplantation, and genetics, which have been stimuli for research into bioethics in the last few decades. (eubios.info)
- 11.3-classification and taxonomy practice, http://www.techapps.net/interactives/pepperMoths.swf, Learning Objectives & Practice Test-Chromosomes & Reproduction, Review Packet-Biology 100 Midterm 2012-2013, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Th0PuORsWY, 4.10-Movement Through Membranes (6-3 Website), http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/, 3.6-Lab Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration. (testzonen.se)
- Today, genetics has become a frontier area for scientific research. (biologywise.com)
Loci3
- Therefore, in this system, current models of sex chromosome evolution predict that recombination would be selected against between the sex determining locus and linked loci involved in colouration. (nature.com)
- This process would shrink the pseudoautosomal region in favour of expanding X- and Y-specific regions, creating a male supergene on the Y chromosome containing multiple colouration loci and thereby resolving sexually antagonistic selection. (nature.com)
- Lateral gene transfers resulted in different linkages between the ospC gene and loci of the chromosome or other plasmids. (cdc.gov)
Karyotype3
- Finally, no linkage disequilibrium was observed between inversions located in different chromosomes of the karyotype. (datadryad.org)
- They were also used in a multi colour format (colour segmenting) to differentiate the entire human karyotype into 81 homologous coloured segments with probes derived from H. concolor, and 74 segments with probes derived from H. syndactylus. (nih.gov)
- A karyotype illustrates the full set of chromosomes in a person's cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Maternal chromosome1
- This is a very confusing concept to use, because when people use this term, they were actually referring to the scenario such as '2 A allele, 1 B allele' for a particular marker within a particular duplication, as opposed to '2 copies in paternal chromosome, 1 copy in maternal chromosome' which should be the right way to use. (openbioinformatics.org)
Chromosomal3
- There are two main properties of homologous chromosomes: 1) the length of chromosomal arms and 2) the placement of the centromere. (wikipedia.org)
- Both of these properties (i.e., the length of chromosomal arms, and the placement of the chromosomal centromere) are the main factors for creating structural homology between chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- This section publishes research on the variety and impact of chromosomal aberrations on all types of human cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Paternal chromosome1
- A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Meiotic recombination1
- These results are consistent with the hypothesis that minimum efficient processing segments, which have been characterized in Escherichia coli, yeast, and cultured mammalian cells, may be required for efficient homologous meiotic recombination in humans. (nih.gov)
Homology1
- Here, we describe the preparation of Z and W chromosome paints via chromosome microdissection from the Australian marbled gecko (Christinus marmoratus) and their subsequent use in evaluating sex chromosome homology with the ZW chromosomes of the Kwangsi gecko (Gekko hokouensis) from eastern Asia. (marquette.edu)
Homologs1
- Crossing over between homologs is critical for the stable segregation of chromosomes during the first meiotic division. (bvsalud.org)
Identical2
- Since homologous chromosomes are not identical and do not originate from the same organism, they are different from sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
- A 1.7-kb hotspot for homologous recombination was previously identified wherein the relative risk of an exchange event is 50 times higher than in the surrounding 98.7% identical sequence shared by the CMT1A-REPs. To refine the region of exchange further, we designed a PCR strategy to amplify the recombinant CMT1A-REP from HNPP patients as well as the proximal and distal CMT1A-REPs from control individuals. (nih.gov)
Interphase1
- These features exist in ordinary interphase chromosomes but are difficult to observe. (jove.com)
Duplication2
- In each of these cells, after DNA duplication, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during crossing over. (scienceinschool.org)
- Certain cells undergo multiple cycles of chromosome duplication without undergoing any cell division. (jove.com)
Synaptonemal Complex2
- Our lab is studying a conserved protein complex that assembles between meiotic chromosomes in almost all eukaryotes � the synaptonemal complex (SC). (utah.edu)
- In Arabidopsis, an obligate crossover and repression of nearby crossovers on each chromosome pair are abolished in mutants that lack the synaptonemal complex (SC), a conserved protein scaffold. (bvsalud.org)
Cell's3
- Homologous chromosomes line up at the primary egg cell's equator and are then fished apart by microtubules. (scienceinschool.org)
- Tomo used software that had been previously developed in Jan's lab, which allowed him to programme a laser scanning microscope to find the chromosomes in the egg cell's vast inner space, and then film them during cell division. (scienceinschool.org)
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the cell's genetic material, contained in chromosomes within the cell nucleus and mitochondria. (msdmanuals.com)
Sequences2
- The pseudoautosomal regions, PAR1 and PAR2 are homologous sequences of nucleotides on the X and Y chromosomes where recombination takes place between both sex chromosomes. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
- Telomeric sequences at the ends of chromosomes protect the coding DNA from erosion during DNA replication . (the-scientist.com)
Scaffolds2
- 84.7% of the genome was assigned to 42 chromosome-sized scaffolds and 93.2% of Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologs were recovered, putting this assembly on par with the best currently available salmonid genomes. (authorea.com)
- We will anchor each of the scaffolds physically to chromosomes by FISH. (ukri.org)
Proteins4
- The chromosome axis controls meiotic events through a hierarchical assembly of HORMA domain proteins. (utah.edu)
- For decades, scientists have known that chromosomes are protected by repetitive DNA known as telomeres, which themselves are protected by a cap of six proteins called shelterin. (the-scientist.com)
- Single strand annealing proteins (SSAPs) like Redβ initiate homologous recombination by annealing complementary DNA strands. (nature.com)
- Genetic testing encompasses a broad range of laboratory tests performed to analyze DNA, RNA, chromosomes, proteins, and certain metabolites using biochemical, cytogenetic, or molecular methods or a combination of these methods. (cdc.gov)
Humans1
- So, humans have two sets of 23 chromosomes in each cell that contains a nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
Pair5
- For instance, females contain XX, thus have a homologous pair of sex chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, it seems that for each pair of homologous chromosomes inversions no deviation from randomness was detected. (datadryad.org)
- Sex chromosomes evolve once recombination is halted between a homologous pair of chromosomes. (nature.com)
- Sex chromosomes are typically thought to evolve as recombination is halted between a homologous pair of chromosomes in one sex. (nature.com)
- Each pair consists of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. (msdmanuals.com)
Hybridization4
- We also show that the C. marmoratus Z and W chromosomes are genetically similar to each other as revealed by C-banding, comparative genomic hybridization, and the reciprocal painting of Z and W chromosome probes. (marquette.edu)
- We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. (nih.gov)
- Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. (nih.gov)
- This case study reports a rare double minute chromosome via FLT3 amplification in CMML by using array-based comparative genomic hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses. (hindawi.com)
Centromere1
- Centromere placement on the chromosome can be characterized by four main arrangements, either metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, or telocentric. (wikipedia.org)
Evolutionary3
- However, little information is available on the evolutionary role of combinations generated by inversions located in homologous and non-homologous chromosomes. (datadryad.org)
- Although we have a detailed understanding of the evolutionary consequences of the loss of recombination for sex chromosome evolution 1 , 2 , we still do not understand the evolutionary forces acting to halt recombination in the first place. (nature.com)
- This is despite the ubiquity of HSBs and the phenotypic consequences/evolutionary implications of chromosome rearrangement. (ukri.org)
Males1
- [ 4 ] Females generally had markedly less bone disease than males, suggesting the random inactivation of the affected X chromosome in females, as might be expected from the Lyon hypothesis. (medscape.com)
Aneuploidy1
- Lyon hypothesis (X-inactivation) Sex chromosome abnormalities may involve aneuploidy, partial deletions or duplications of sex chromosomes, or mosaicism. (msdmanuals.com)
Structural1
- Whereas canonical chromothripsis profiles display oscillations between two copy-number states, a considerable fraction of events involve multiple chromosomes and additional structural alterations. (lu.se)
Probes1
- In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. (nih.gov)
Genetic variation1
- During prophase I, crossing over introduces genetic variation by swapping pieces of homologous chromosomes. (styleslicker.com)
Populations5
- The long-term goal of this research is to apply statistical genomic approaches developed by human geneticists to the identification of bacterial virulence factors that contribute to disease in natural populations. (drexel.edu)
- Using replicate wild populations with differing levels of sexually antagonistic selection for colour, we also show that sexual selection leads to greater expansion of the non-recombining region and increased Y chromosome divergence. (nature.com)
- Most research in this space English) analyzing acupuncture have explored the are limited by small pattern sizes, study populations effcacy of Western medical acupuncture [url=http://www.mhcurling.com/dcs/buy-cheap-betahistine-online-no-rx/] medicine ball slams buy 16mg betahistine mastercard[/url]. (ehd.org)
- In some embodiments, the fitness is defined as a population genetic behavior, over multiple generations, of translocation chromosomes in populations comprising both translocation-bearing individuals and non-translocation-bearing individuals. (justia.com)
- To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)
Saccharomyces1
- Nucleotide excision repair deficiency causes elevated levels of chromosome gain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (uri.edu)
Combinations2
- The aim of this research is to ascertain whether these combinations are also a target for natural selection. (datadryad.org)
- For all these reasons it can be assumed that, at the cytological level, the individual inversions rather than their combinations in different chromosomes are the main target of selection. (datadryad.org)
Molecular3
- My research focuses on characterizing molecular and epigenetic biomarkers and the extent to which these alterations contribute to disease risk throughout the life course. (stanford.edu)
- Previous research identified four repair pathways that mistake telomeres for damaged DNA, and enact molecular protocols designed to repair that damage. (the-scientist.com)
- Since that time, advances in scientific research and technology have led to a substantial increase both in the health conditions for which genetic defects or variations can be detected with molecular methods and in the spectrum of the molecular testing methods ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Metacentric1
- Those figures refer to a metacentric 'replicated' chromosome. (tripod.com)
Cytogenetic and Genome Research1
- Cytogenetic and Genome Research , Vol. 143, No. 4 (2014): 251-258. (marquette.edu)
Translocation2
- In some embodiments, the high frequency is defined as when translocation-bearing versions of chromosomes make up greater than about 90% of the total chromosomes in a population as compared to wild type versions of the chromosomes involved in generating the translocation. (justia.com)
- In some embodiments, the rapid rate is defined as replacement of at least 90% of the wild type population chromosomes by the translocation-bearing altered insect population (translocation) after at most 5 generations. (justia.com)
Microscopy1
- We combine a novel biophysical understanding of the SC, live microscopy innovations, and emerging genome editing technologies to observe chromosomes and to understand how the SC works. (utah.edu)
Genome Research1
- An example is given in the PennCNV paper in Genome Research. (openbioinformatics.org)
Cell16
- H. influenzae , like many other pathogens, is naturally competent, able to actively transport environmental DNA through its cell membranes and incorporate homologous molecules into its chromosomes. (drexel.edu)
- In parallel to his mechanistic research with (3D organoids) cell culture models, Dr. Vidi works in tight collaboration with physicists to develop novel imaging approaches, and with clinicians for the translational aspects of his research. (cancer.gov)
- Current Research and Scholarly Interests My lab is developing innovative gene and stem cell therapies for genetic diseases, with a focus on gene therapy and regenerative medicine. (stanford.edu)
- Capitalizing on years of foundation research, the Center for Animal Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research was established in 1998. (upenn.edu)
- The primary mission was to undertake innovative research on stem cell biology, germ cell development, and animal transgenesis. (upenn.edu)
- Sci-LIANTI, a High-Throughput Single-Cell Sequencing Framework for Studying Homologous Recombination and Chromosome Segregation" Yi Yin, Ph.D. (cornell.edu)
- We were able, for the first time, to keep track of all the kinetochores throughout cell division - so there's not a single time point where it's ambiguous where that part of the chromosome is - and that's really a breakthrough in the field, achieving this in these very large and light-sensitive cells," says Jan Ellenberg, who heads the research group. (scienceinschool.org)
- The oocyte is a big cell, but the chromosomes sit in only a small part of that cell, and that's what we were interested in. (scienceinschool.org)
- By focusing the microscope only on the part of the cell where the chromosomes are, Tomo was able to obtain high-resolution images at short intervals of only one and a half minutes, which gave him a very clear picture of the process. (scienceinschool.org)
- Our laboratory is involved in basic research in the fields of cell cycle/DNA integrity, immune microenvironment and liver physiopathology. (crcordeliers.fr)
- His research integrates issues of Disease and Stem cell in his study of Immunology. (research.com)
- His Transplantation research integrates issues from Hematopoietic cell, Leukemia, Incidence and Hazard ratio. (research.com)
- His Graft-versus-host disease research incorporates elements of Autophagy, ATG5, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and Immune system, Immunology. (research.com)
- Then, the cell distributes a copy of each chromosome between the two daughter cells so that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. (jove.com)
- Here, hundreds to thousands of copies of each chromosome are generated without any cell division. (jove.com)
- Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that results from the presence of one extra chromosome 21 in the cell nucleus (trissomy 21), and is the most frequent cause of intellectual disability of genetic origin 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Variants1
- To this end, we wish to examine common variants on the pseudoautosomal regions of the sex chromosomes associate with the risk of common diseases. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
Traits1
- The sex chromosomes of the guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ) have been of interest for more than a century, following early reports that many sexually selected colour traits are passed through the patriline on the Y chromosome 8 , 9 . (nature.com)
Composition5
- For this objective, we have studied the inversion composition of homologous and non-homologous chromosomes from a D. subobscura sample collected in a well-studied population, Mount Avala (Serbia). (datadryad.org)
- When family data is available, that is, when father, mother and child are all genotyped and when their CNV calls are generated by PennCNV, it is possible (but not always deterministic) to disambiguate the SNP allele composition in each of the two homologous chromosomes in parental genome. (openbioinformatics.org)
- There are two major possibilities for the father: maybe the SNP allele composition is AA+B in two homologous chromosomes, or maybe it is A+AB in two homologous chromosomes. (openbioinformatics.org)
- However, based one child (subject 4), who has a SNP allele composition of AAB, we can confidently tell that the father should have A in one homologous chromosome and AB in the other. (openbioinformatics.org)
- Once the user has this information, it is relatively straitforward to infer SNP allele composition within each homologous chromosome for each marker within a CNV. (openbioinformatics.org)
Biology2
Linkage1
- We show that although the nascent Y chromosome encompasses nearly half of the linkage group, there has been no perceptible degradation of Y chromosome gene content or activity. (nature.com)
Parallel1
- The structure of the SC has intrigued biologists for decades: it is composed of regular striations that span the interface between perfectly parallel homologous chromosomes. (utah.edu)
Contribution1
- Let's have a look at some famous scientists who have made an invaluable contribution to genetic research. (biologywise.com)
Interactions3
- During sexual reproduction, regulated interactions between chromosomes are crucial for delivering the correct number of chromosomes to each gamete. (utah.edu)
- Interactions between chromosomes are also essential for shuffling of genetic information and generation of genetic diversity. (utah.edu)
- Also, they share a similar protein architecture based on an N-terminal ssDNA binding domain of ~180 amino acids and a C-terminal extension that in the case of RAD52 is required for homologous recombination (HR) through specific protein-protein interactions 6 . (nature.com)