• Smads (or SMADs) comprise a family of structurally similar proteins that are the main signal transducers for receptors of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) superfamily, which are critically important for regulating cell development and growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the other hand, down regulation of Id proteins in epithelial cells is because of activated SMAD3 that induces activating transcription factor expression then together with ATF directly represses the Id promoter. (mirnaarray.com)
  • A method for determining the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • A method for determining points of contact between interacting proteins or binding sites of proteins to nucleic acids. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins which bind to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
  • Trimers of two receptor-regulated SMADs and one co-SMAD act as transcription factors that regulate the expression of certain genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • A similar screen done in the Caenorhabditis elegans protein SMA (from gene sma for small body size) revealed three genes, Sma-2, Sma-3, and Sma-4, that had similar mutant phenotypes to those of the TGF-B like receptor Daf-4. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Another study that compared a pair of twins with discordant HIV infection status showed that several other genes are also differentially methylated, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 ( IGFBP6 ) [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. (lookformedical.com)
  • R/Co-Smads are primarily located in the cytoplasm, but accumulate in the nucleus following TGF-β signaling, where they can bind to DNA and regulate transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the factors and mechanisms that regulate the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the vascular stromal fraction of the adipose tissue and its transformation into lipid-filled adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During PDA progression, pancreatic acinar cells lose activity of the ClassI/II bHLH factors that regulate quiescence. (oncotarget.com)
  • The MH1 domain is primarily involved in DNA binding, while the MH2 is responsible for the interaction with other Smads and also for the recognition of transcriptional co-activators and co-repressors. (wikipedia.org)
  • We previously found that promoting transcriptional activity of the Class I bHLH factor E47 in highly aggressive PDA cells induced stable growth arrest in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
  • Additionally, 1 the LTA sequence isn't going to match the standard retromer binding criteria of staying very hydrophobic and wealthy selelck kinase inhibitor in aromatic amino acids, as observed for sortilin, CI MPR, DMT1 II, or sorLA, and 2 a lot of the aforementioned motifs were identified for their purpose in endosome to Golgi TGN trafficking. (mirnaarray.com)
  • Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria. (lookformedical.com)
  • DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. (lookformedical.com)
  • p15INK4B is a member of your INK4 family members of CDK inhibitors, which binds to CDK4 and CDK6 subunits, inactivates their catalytic ac tivity and prevents cyclin D CDK4 six complex formation. (mirnaarray.com)
  • Smads were first discovered in Drosophila, in which they are known as mothers against dpp (Mad), through a genetic screen for dominant enhancers of decapentaplegic (dpp), the Drosophila version of TGF-B. Studies found that Mad null mutants showed similar phenotypes to dpp mutants, suggesting that Mad played an important role in some aspect of the dpp signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their growth arrest is reversible and under certain conditions, such as induction by growth factors, cytokines, nutrients, or chemical agents, the cells can re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate again. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands have been implicated in liver fibrosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. (affbiotech.com)
  • In death 2, we well are the proliferation, releasing on its dense production component, strengthen the other immunoreceptor models, and inhibit how the first-hand E2F4 tyrosine can press characterized. (evakoch.com)
  • Indeed, the different phosphorylation patterns generated by CDK8/9 and GSK3 define the specific interactions with either transcription activators or with ubiquitin ligases. (wikipedia.org)
  • E2F4 recruits chromatin remodeling factors indirectly to target gene PROMOTER REGIONS through RETINOBLASTOMA LIKE PROTEIN P130 and RETINOBLASTOMA LIKE PROTEIN P107. (bvsalud.org)
  • The protein encoded by this intronless gene is a bZIP transcription factor which can bind as a homodimer to certain promoters and enhancers. (affbiotech.com)
  • The encoded protein has been shown to bind to the promoter and modulate the expression of the gene encoding leptin, a protein that plays an important role in body weight homeostasis. (affbiotech.com)
  • Multiomics integration of these data has established new gene functions and cellular processes essential for lens formation, homeostasis, and transparency including the identification of novel transcription control pathways, autophagy remodeling pathways, and signal transduction pathways, among others. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1998) . Ku can also bind to hairpin-ended DNA without activating DNA-PK (Smider et al. (nih.gov)
  • 1998) . In pRb-deficient cells, E2F1 stimulates this promoter. (nih.gov)
  • 1993) and has helicase activity, but ssb-bound Ku does not activate DNA-PK (Smider et al. (nih.gov)
  • 1996). Further details about cyclin E promoter regulation have recently been reported (Le Cam et al. (nih.gov)
  • Smads were first discovered in Drosophila, in which they are known as mothers against dpp (Mad), through a genetic screen for dominant enhancers of decapentaplegic (dpp), the Drosophila version of TGF-B. Studies found that Mad null mutants showed similar phenotypes to dpp mutants, suggesting that Mad played an important role in some aspect of the dpp signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcription factor that coordinates proliferation arrest and the differentiation of myeloid progenitors, adipocytes, hepatocytes, and cells of the lung and the placenta. (affbiotech.com)
  • The most con-served region is the DNA-binding domain located in the N terminus, which is composed of three imperfect repeats of 51 - 52 amino acids that recognise the canonical Myb-binding site (MBS) C/TAACNG [3, 4]. (123dok.net)
  • B7 The SH3 domain of c-Abl binds to the C-terminal region of DNA-PK (amino acids 3414-3850) and may compete with Ku for binding to the same region (Jin et al. (nih.gov)
  • Diisocyanates bind select- diisocyanate exposure (Chiung et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Then, 10 genetic variations in the porcine STAT3 promoter region was identified by direct sequencing. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to a constitutively occupied E2F1-Sp1 site immediately upstream of the cyclin E transcription start region, there is downstream a cell cycle-regulated site (termed CERM) that may function as a cyclin E-repressor module. (nih.gov)
  • The CERM contains a variant E2F-recognition element, and binds a complex (termed CERC) consisting of E2F4, DP1, and either p130 or p107, as well as an unidentified necessary component. (nih.gov)
  • An E2F transcription factor that represses GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1997) . DNA-PK can bind weakly and transiently to dsDNA ends without Ku (Lieber et al. (nih.gov)
  • A4 c-Abl binds to p53 in response to ara-C or MMS (Yuan et al. (nih.gov)
  • The present study aimed to search for functional mutations within the promoter of porcine STAT3 and to provide causative genetic variants associated with piglet diarrhea. (nih.gov)